to see what's behind the trend. i've been fizzling welcome to the show in a moment we'll talk to a public health scientist about the dangers for migrants aside from what the state can do is also a lot we can achieve at a community level as our reporters found out. as a so-called neighborhood mother mona ramadan helps recent immigrant women and their families start a new life in germany for many a difficult transition made even harder by the coronavirus pandemic. must also cause people i really want out and on top of that you have the overcrowded housing conditions at the emergency shelter where i help out each family lives in one room together they just need some space and the beginning of a pandemic you couldn't even leave the house playgrounds were closed that was a disaster. the. overcrowded housing conditions can lead to a higher risk of getting infected with the coronavirus today mona ramadan meets her

dear us a u.t. who has lived in the emergency shelter since her arrival from syria. with the help of the neighborhood mothers she recently found an apartment for her family. of course there were also many families that were in fact that we then helped them to find out where they can go. to do as a single mother she doesn't have a job yet once she has improved her german she wants to start an apprenticeship neighborhood mother ramadan is helping her. now with. a recent german study has shown that unemployed people have an 84 percent higher risk of being hospitalized for cope with 19 but similar data for immigrants is lacking. skipped. i think it. will studies for example from the u.k. in the us that show that there is a relation between migration and the risk of infection as well as severe cases.

above any of us that has little to do with the fact that they are migrants but with the kind of high risk jobs migrants just reportedly end up doing. we got even good . jobs such as delivering packages or cutting hair which put workers often immigrants at risk of infection but data connecting health and socio economic status is limited in germany and does this extremist is that's extremely important because this way we can identify groups of people that have a higher risk and if we also understand why that's the case we can specifically do something to reduce these risks in finding out we hadn't while more in-depth data could improve germany's support structure for migrants for now neighborhood mothers like mona are the best lifeline they have. public health scientists and physician rosé jaan joins us from the german city of mannheim so should governments be

focusing more on migrants in the fight against it. the short answer to that would be yes absolutely. migrants are at a higher risk of acquiring and also dying from combat 19 there are overrepresented among covert $1000.00 cases as well if that's even though it has to be but have to keep in mind that the data situation isn't great so there are issues with regard to date of ability and comparability of data as well but overall we can definitely say that migrants are overrepresented and my daughter with 1000 case rose i heard that as well from people who work in hospitals saying that cove wards full of people with migration backgrounds i'm a migrant. should also already be toggling me.

i think i would like to make 2 points with regard to that question 1st of all the a.b. parts about covert 19 wards being over this proportionately. filled with patients with a migration background we don't know. what doctors are experiencing and saying that can lead there is some some that's valid but is the right with regard to actual scientific valid and comparable data. yes migrants are more likely to get covers but with regards to have been telling patients actually the picture is inconsistent there are some studies that have shown that migrants are most likely to be admitted to hospital for coke over 19 but there are studies that show the opposite with regards to that the evidence is an inconsistent nonetheless the fact that across studies. we do find

that migrants are overrepresented among coaches that team cases for example and we didn't they make up 32 percent of 19 cases but only 90 percent of the overall population so there's data that points to that. so yes what about high pitched voice. i mean. systematic a structural eval we definitely need to improve they have an ability we need to be able to more specifically say who is at a higher risk because migrants are very large group and that sometimes groups that have been identified as being particularly at a particularly high risk point can tell us some. yeah of course. one group for example undocumented migrants that they have a hard time accessing health care and there's also migrant labor migrants because they're likely to work in precarious jobs health care workers also for example

seasonal agricultural workers and there have has been a major outbreak for example here in a factory that was processing meat because labor conditions as well as for a sample being housed in like labor compounds all that kind of crees the risk of. being infected with coke at night t.v. and of course the sound you can use and refugees are also living in reception centers where infection the risk of infection can be high there's overcrowding there may be an issue with accessing health care. so it's important to look at those differences and then find strategies that target those groups that are particularly high risk by making sure they who didn't make nation efforts for example by making sure that there is appropriate health information available. for those are just examples but there's a lot and that can be done i guess targeting the right migrant group isn't always

the easiest but i bet a refugee cap how do you go about that it's easy identifying the people but there are huge amounts of people living in really crappy quarters and we've looked at that in the recent revenue of media reports and germany to also quantify how high is the risk within the center is and we found it to be a 13 percent misc of the buyer spreading out instruction of the 1st case and we found that in 75 percent of those outbreaks a collective pointing out the whole study was implemented but this specific measure has actually increased significantly increased the risk of transmission of the virus in the facility so instead we recommend to. have more space available to households reduce the number of individuals living in it so that we make sure that sanitary facilities are not shared and make sure that health information is available appropriate help if and then which is available and include reception

centers and vaccination efforts say on thanks very much for being on the show today . by about come thank you very much for having me. and further reading the reviews that we referred to the saas kovi to among migrants and forcibly displaced populations and clinical outcomes of risk factors for coping 1000 among migrant populations in high income countries. time for derrick williams and of you a question about new variants and new vaccine it's. do new variants mean we'll have to create new vaccines and how long could that process take. in the news you hear over and over again that we are at a critical juncture in the pandemic and the global vaccine campaign is often portrayed as a race against new sars coby 2 variants that could potentially prove resistance

to our current battery of vaccines variants that are more contagious or more deadly are frightening of course but as long as vaccines continue to protect us against them the race remains a question of logistics it's all about getting as many people immunized as fast as possible but another big looming concern that could change that is corona virus variants that might develop what are called immune escape mutations that would allow them to evade even an immune system primed by vaccines to fight off an infection fortunately this is a situation that health authorities are familiar with since for example they have to update flu vaccines regularly because influenza viruses mutate quickly a lot faster than coronaviruses do so so experts designing the couvade vaccines

approved for emergency use more aware of the danger and many modern vaccines are are relatively easy to update especially the messenger r.n.a. vaccines. trials with booster shot versions of them that target specific worrisome source code b 2 variants are already going on and approvals are certain to be fast tracked if if red flags start popping out like like if significant numbers of people who were fully vaccinated against covert 19 suddenly began showing up in hospitals with severe cases long term the experts say future covert shots might actually combine multiple vaccines that protect against a range of variance just like today's flu shots often do. lastly the idea of sniffing out covert is really catching on especially at airports

meet time and german shepherd in training to take the virus and sophie a labrador retriever in this exercise trying to find the one item of belongs to an infected person the training there is that for drug sniffing or social rescue dogs diamond and sophia said to stop work soon at the airport of el salvador similar programs are in the works in ecuador and chile. thanks for watching stay safe and see you again soon.

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