for this season and brings the club's 30 years spell in germany's top flight to an end. just a reminder of the top story we're following for you for minneapolis police officer derek chauvet has been found guilty of murder and manslaughter in the death of george floyd is expected to be sentenced to 8 weeks from now. we're watching d.w. news i'm terry morrison thanks for being with us. and you hear me down the stairs we don't need you and i love stance gentlemen songs that will bring you i'm going to call and you've never tired to surprise yourself with what is possible. really what moves them want. to talk to people along the way maurice and critics want to join us from ethel's lifestyle.

allen lives would be a lot more inconvenient if we didn't have battery powered devices. a cordless shaver power tools a cordless screwdriver t.v. remote vacuum cleaner lawnmower laptop chairs the robots handheld vacuum i might buy a drone remote control cars the battery in my electric car my cell phone cell phone battery camera battery so i can take pictures you've got to have a battery. consumers would love to have a powerful rechargeable battery that fits inside this month. or one that's nice enough to use with a drug. and of course it has to last for ever. but

some conventional batteries can pose safety problems. researchers in germany are working to eliminate a number of technical flaws that have plagued batteries for years. and european companies that make batteries are starting to catch up with the market leader in asia. this is europe's largest manufacturer of lithium ion batteries it's located near

the town of cars in northern varia. but i have a new power mountain bike or clear last year my wife and i took a cycling trip through the we wanted to stop by the night at a place that was $2500.00 metres out. we were about a kilometer away when the battery gave. and i had a burst of i can tell the rest of the way. is the founder and c.e.o. of the b.m. said battery manufacturing company is $3000.00 employees design and build batteries for all kinds of applications. thus i mean it's real this is a lithium ion sound it's the foundation of the power systems that you find in things like electric cars and garden tools the size makhanya but you can't use just one south you need a complete system that includes a number of sound. the electronics and the housing. being. said produces 200000000 of these cells

a year in germany and at its factories in china poland and the us. the batteries on this essentially line will later be installed in robot luminous. the cells are outfitted with an electronic system that makes sure that they don't overheat or overcharge while the mother is working as is the human wind of wind so most of the sounds are not all cylindrical like this one not the automakers a new us years 6 there are $8600.00 cells in each battery sisters of the margins of b.m.w. and v.w. sells look like a person. come in all kinds of shapes and sizes refer are about 150 different sizes that are used right now in various applications. this is a version this one is quite sane the ones in south arms are even. the company pays close attention to making battery cells that are built to last.

image justice and bust we try to take into account things that can happen is certainly the likely carpenter dropping a cordless screwdriver from a roof. sometimes people will test at all or devices at the store to make sure that the battery still. believe. these situations are simulated in the special the burra tray. if the battery survives it can go into mass production. the m. says engineers even create custom made batteries about 200 different designs a year there's usually no problem finding cables cases and other gear used in battery systems but there have been shortages of cells. for those acts not happened in 2018 and the problem is world wide only for corporations might sounds a time span of sonic sound. until she only on your most companies essentially sold

sounds to the highest bidder was a real problem for some customers around europe you know not all far from including p. m. said right now there are only about 40 large factories around the world that manufacture battery cells. 89 percent of all lithium ion cells are manufactured in asia the rest are made in the us. asian companies have a big advantage in this sector. to find out why we talked to martin even turn a professor of material science energy and electrochemistry and a world renowned expert on batteries. just more beautiful 1st cell phones camcorders and even the 1st computers that used batteries simply didn't have an adequate energy supply system computer on that part of the house but the lithium

ion battery changed all that. and sense a lot of portable electronic devices are manufactured in asia. the production of lithium ion batteries has become huge there. and that's been the case for years. but now we plan to catch up to them. in 2018 battery cells with a total capacity of $34.00 lives were produced for portable electrical devices growth in this sector was rapid at 1st but is now leveled off. but the demand for eco batteries has risen sharply a total of 100 kilowatt hours with these systems was produced in 2018. storyteller living it's essential france to produce more battery cells in europe and one job in 5 it depends on batteries directly or indirectly all sorts of.

devices use batteries like laptops and cell phones but none of those batteries are made in europe and batteries make our 40 percent of the total value of the product . right now germany imports about $2300000000.00 euros worth of lithium ion battery cells per year. china recently managed to overtake japan and south korea in this sector. china's industrial growth has been remarkable in any case but beijing has now made the development and production of batteries a top priority. china is trying to reduce air pollution by building more e.-v. accords. and cina arms after china decided to boost production of battery cells or government encouraged foreign investors via laurie number to earn 70

percent of a company and in one year 50 or 60 new businesses were producing cells but in europe we're talking about just 2 new companies that's not enough it's that we have to work faster in the lurch right. karen full cus indicates that by 2028 worldwide battery production capacity will be nearly 10 times what it was in 2018. the total amount is expected to reach more than 2000 gigawatt allis. china is expected to account for 62 percent of production capacity and europe 17 percent china has invested in a number of european battery factories. then. china is doing very well in this sector because the government is easing regulations to promote electro mobility. china doesn't have a lot of experience with producing internal combustion engines so it's now focused

on electric vehicles. and they're doing this to cut down on air pollution in their big cities. so they're in a good position right now to move ahead with this effort also songs bones but here in europe the auto industry has to take into account of the concerns of various interest groups. and that is slowing the process of making the transition to electric vehicles and i'm going down to them to musharraf and this is germany's 1st big battery cells factory it's being built in the state of the ranger by a chinese corporation c a t l. plans for the project were announced during a state visit by china's prime minister in 2018 beijing's initial investment was 1800000000 euros. chinese technological innovations will combine with germany's industrial know how. then just say about could i wish that we could have done this

by ourselves but i'm glad that this factory will be built in germany which since you wouldn't see a total revenues for the 1st tough of 2020 amounted to the equivalent of 2200000000 euros the president of the corporation's european division is mathias. the new factory is housed on the site of a german solar energy company that went bankrupt in 2018. the company's solar world was undercut by foreign competition much of it from china . so yeah. we've just left want used to be the same. in a world administration building over there we're clearing out and reconfiguring some of the facilities. to the right we'll have the buildings that house prototype production for the quality control of our interests and product storage. and

we're just getting started bob this factory will soon be up and ready for this and . then says that the company was considering several other sites for the project. and for the 1st and the primary factors in our decision were the costs of labor and energy. in eastern europe they would ultimately or you look at some other locations. about we were impressed by the availability of renewable energy here in the state of her in jail. so you're free in your bowls now make up 40 percent of the state's total power production. that's essential for the production of this technology. which is supposed to be climate friendly renewable energy plays an increasingly important role for us also all of us with him everything the company plans to

employ up to 2000 people at the same time the u.s. based corporation tesla is building a new battery production facility just outside belin. it's called the gigafactory and will also build electric vehicles it's due to open later this year. researchers at the university of minister play an important role in helping germany catch up to the competition from asia. mass inventor and his colleagues are working to develop next generation lithium ion batteries a new research center is under construction here funded in part by a 500000000 euro grant from the german government. martin vinta is known worldwide for his contributions to battery research he advises the german government and serves on a number of expert committees. these scientists are developing new materials to create batteries that work more efficiently. this may look like

a sheet of thin cardboard but it's actually composed of high performance and no material. was heated even a bit on the rooftop or we stack them on top of each other to increase capacity from one of the couple to theatre. but only a few of the components that they're studying here will actually be used in the new research factory. in the d.c. office before we want that facility to expand on existing research hope it's a fun party if a particular process works at least in principle at one level we'll do some small scale tasks and if those tests are successful we'll move the project to the research center and test it on a larger scale if we want to avoid wasted effort as much as possible we want to make sure that it works here before we take it over there before we start. this high tech equipment is used to make this ultra thin strips of material under

the watchful eye of chief engineer over who would. then this sheet is placed in upon him a pounce. the final step of the process involves adding a few traps of liquid electrolyte to fill the remaining space in the battery. this rate. if you don't do the cells ready now. lithium ion batteries have a very simple structure a cathode positive electrode and an antidote or negative electorate. to prevent a short circuit the 2 lead. try to separate. when the battery is challenging electrons flow from the positive side to the negative. the battery cell is enclosed in a puddle pounds. the pouch is then filled with an electrolyte solution. as

the battery charges positive lithium move through the electrolyte solution to the negative sign and stay in the end it's graphite. this process continues until the layer is full. electrons also travel to the other side by a separate external circuit. when the battery is being used the process has reversed . the releases electrons through the external circuits and they flow to the cafe and this creates the electricity that allows the battery to power a device at the same time the positive lithium ion sweet turned to the cathode. lithium ion batteries have a number of advantages. they can power an electric car for several 100 kilometers. recharge quickly so you no longer have to leave them overnight. either but they're

also relatively inexpensive when you factor in the cost of operation and the resale value is there also comparatively saying those are the main reasons that these batteries have become so popular. mass inventor is certain that lithium ion technology will continue to lead the way for the next 5 to 10 years. a key component of these batteries is the catheter and. this is what it looks like under an electronic microscope the cathode consists of metal oxides. 80 percent nickel 3 percent manganese and 2 percent cobalt. about 70 percent of the world's cobalt comes from the democratic republic of the congo. 10 to 20 percent of congo's cobalt is mind at illegal sites like this one. it's hard and dangerous work

. broca's often from china by the cobalt or. most of congo's cobalt is extracted at surface mines several of the country's largest cobalt mines are controlled by china. local residents don't benefit much from the sale of the cobalt that's mine near their homes. other valuable role materials are used in cathode production for example lithium makes up about 2 percent of the total. much of the world's lithium comes from south america. lithium salt is often found in underground reservoirs of brine the liquid is pumped to the surface and then stored in open basins where it evaporates. afterward the material is sent to

a processing facility where the lithium is extracted. critics claim that this process can cause serious environmental problems including contamination of drinking water in. of argentina bolivia and chile. the 1st lithium ion batteries contained a cathode that was made exclusively of cobalt. later versions replaced much of the cobalt with other materials including nickel and manganese the cobalt content has now been cut to about 10 percent. the battery industry has cut down on the use of expensive and environmentally home full materials as part of the effort to reduce the carbon footprint of its products.

for years asian manufacturers didn't pay a lot of attention to sustainability. of but that's changing because their customers specially manufacturers and germany demanded the for long and so the asian companies have had to make adjustments on the other hand we have focused on sustainable technology from the very start and that gives us a big advantage. the recycling battery component parts has become more widespread in germany this startup facility is located in the state of lower saxony . company c.e.o. christiane hunnish whether recycled batteries are as good as the original. first cell phones they usually are but we did have a battery die once and a baby monitor. the company has developed a highly sustainable method for recycling lithium ion batteries.

anybody remember this is where we extract the electricity from the battery we then feed that electricity and if the facilities grid. right. once the battery has been fully discharged it'll be taken upon us. the regulations say that at least 50 percent of the batteries contents must be recycled most companies meet this targets by including casings and cables but critics say that's cheating. it's often difficult to get to the battery cell itself that will have to change in future designs. once the cells

are removed they sent off to be shredded. this process takes place in an atmosphere of nitrogen instead of oxygen to reduce the risk of combustion. here we see the graphite from the batteries. and the electrolytes and. the shredder is about the size of a shipping container batteries contain has it is materials and they are transported to the recycling center in large quantities but the real materials that come out of the shredding process all say. christiane harnish plans to build 17 of these machines in facilities throughout europe. on just hearts this will pay off in the long run because it's a sustainable way to dispose of old batteries on. the left of

the room materials are then sent to a sourcing plant to stand hunnish plans to set up 6 of these facilities in europe. given the large garden of this is where we sort out the heavier materials from those we use a magnet and an electromagnet to separate the aluminum and steel from final word on the other side of the large decided the lighter components are processed so that we can remove materials like lithium. nickel manganese and graphite. gone or. those components end up in a bag like this some are sucking companies incinerate this material to extract the missiles that kristin hunnish plans to take a different approach social construct that we'd like to be able to turn it into material that can be used to manufacture new batteries but we must charge her shirt . and number of chemical processes can extract the role materials used in the field

ion batteries. for example inorganic acids are used to isolate lithium graphite and other recyclable materials. some tests have reported a recovery rate of more than 90 percent. stand it recovery processes achieve a race of only about 25 percent. depending on the type of battery so. until the chemical recovery process has perfected most of the materials that can't be recycled will simply be incinerated. recycling can help extend the life of the battery but what if scientists were able to develop a battery that lasts much longer. than. if you drive an electric car you're aware of the battery limitations. of the indicator is near 0 if

you hope that you can squeeze just a few more kilometers out of it. i mean this. is a professor at the technical university and he's an expert on renewable energy systems and with his team is working on a project that analyzes why some batteries last longer than others. how those who knew about the leave the physical both look. we take a look at all the various factors that can influence battery life so why do batteries age differently because the way i drive my car or ride my bike the battery that the boat does temperature play a role it's much food does it take a look at these battery cells on. one of them is quite old and the other is fairly new. we're trying to figure out how batteries age and what we can do to make them last longer than we did with the. result and his experts have developed

a kind of stress test that measures all aspects of the batteries performance. that you gave me here could be defeated after we use this equipment to create a profile of individual batteries for example how they're charged fast or slow their overall performance how a car battery responds to acceleration we can simulate all of these factors right here. and we also test the batteries and this climate controlled chamber. temperature is a key factor an increase of 10 degrees cuts battery life by half. we've speeded up the process because a good battery can last 1015 or even 20 years and we don't have that kind of time of the year destroying a lot. of 2 bits they did italy analyze the results of the stress tests. you could maybe it's now we'll look at the

batteries contents. of the sites our 2 batteries performed quite differently the image on the screen shows battery number one the weaker of the 2 i and we can definitely see some distortion observation for valve. is the size these are places where damage can occur. and also short circuits. in the butts of the over 3 could in fact i thought so this is what a new battery looks like hardly any distortion that's all and that's how it's supposed to hold us. so what coolest those distortions in the 1st battery. cell and his team will carry out a detailed examination. they cut open the battery so that they can study the cathode and the end of. a round cell like this one is actually nothing more than a thin flat cell that's been rolled up.

the research assistant take samples from the batteries defective cool and from the exterior which is still intact. from these samples they build small test batteries cooled button cells that include a fresh supply of lithium. i think or me here can they if you can see on the graph that there was a loss of lithium. and once we added a new supply of lithium to the cell that area showed up as almost completely whole lot less so the cathode in this case is still intact. the lithium was probably lost on the anode side and we can apply this knowledge to the design of future cells of to get so perhaps we can add more lithium to them. this kind of data will be critical to the future success of battery cell production

in germany. and this will help consumers get more out of the batteries that power their favorite devices. office some advice on how to use batteries properly. lithium ion batteries age the fastest when they're fully charged. so you should limit the charging time as much as possible and you should never charge the batteries in cold temperatures for example don't charge your phone while you're walking around outside in winter the battery will get cold but don't start charging it until you get home so it can warm up before. and you should recharge the battery as often as possible. not fully but often. so don't run the battery on your phone down to 004 you recharge it

a little. certainly for them good it's like pulling on a rubber band you know if you pull just a little bit it'll last for a long time but if you pull that rubber band hard all the time it's eventually going to break. because let's do this and avoid high temperatures to a 10 degree increase it will cut battery life in half you can believe. this is germany's 1st large scale that reproduction factory the vox log in a factory. but everyone uses batteries for all kinds of things. almost seems as if you have to get used to charging them just like you charge a watch dog and also once you do that it'll be fine. hunk luma and thomas hoffman are in charge of the v.w. get factory which is located near the city of studs in the state of north rhine-westphalia. preliminary operations began in 2019.

the factory is a joint venture between v.w. and the swedish battery manufacturing north volt. it also is the 1st step in production you have a depot this is where we mix the pastry and old material on one side cathode on the other. the roman tiriel is for the paste all supplied by the chemical industry and a lot of research has gone into its composition. materials make up 80 percent of the total production costs. that tree many factories in china are way ahead of their german counterparts but with factories like this one v.w. hopes to catch up both in terms of materials and manufacturing technology. we run a lot of tests to help achieve optimum of moments before for not getting the series

production to. so we want to expand on knowledge banks to create the best possible condition based on the bible but. some are good some of it's always good to learn development basics 1st and then move on to the big investments. or to cells that are made today by the giga factories were developed somewhere else in a small scale factory and we plan to do that development right here in the upriver . as production ramps up the factory is expected to manufacture 16 hours with a better use by the end of 2023. but that's not nearly enough to power the new v.w. electric cars that will be ready by then. so for the time being german or to make his will have to rely on batteries that are made in asia but that will change in the years to come. a pilot program here has

been producing lithium ion battery cells since early 2019. with the muslims and this will remain the dominant technology over the medium term for the company. but new types of battery cells are on the way scientists at the pollin hoover institute for material and beam technology interest in are at the forefront of this research. modesty could often be if you've got a ticket on your phone in the battery runs out non-stock. x. y. usually i printed out your just to be on the safe side this is. us is going all the lithium sulfur batteries all the way of the future. stephan cust and his team are developing one place batteries that will work well with drones. lithium self of that phrase. have 2 big advantages over lithium ion

selves. the cathode layers don't use expensive and environmentally dangerous materials like nickel and cobalt. and they have a high energy density which means that they're more powerful. and the structure of a lithium sulfur battery is quite different. opv to the cathode is made of carbon and sulphur the end it contains lithium. when the batteries being used electrons split off from the entered and moved to the cathode. the lithium ion is move over there as well they react with the sofa to make lithium cell phone this continues until the batteries empty. when the battery is charging the sulfide dissolves in the process runs and reverse.

the main advantage of these kinds of batteries is that the materials in the cathode also lightweight. carbon and sulphur. the carbon has to have a low density and it has to be. so it can absorb the sulfur. so it is a common element so it's inexpensive. fish to go see the one element to the key material in this battery. let's take a closer look. metallic lithium is highly reactive that's why we keep it isolated in this chamber this box or. the chamber is filled with argon gas which doesn't react with the lithium. exclaimed lithium is extremely soft and can break into crumbs as you can see here

with us and when times leaks and it's also extremely reactive so the electrolyte decomposes quickly that missed so that's. we're trying to find electrolyte material that's more durable so the battery can run more cycle. today's lithium selfish cells off the high performance but they wear out quickly. by members often highly some call the lithium and the holy grail of electrochemistry. finish and if you've been working on lithium sulfur batteries or some time i was convinced that would have gone on the market eyestrain yes. defo know if a team has been working on this project for 10 years but commercial production still see in some way home. in any case these lightweight batteries are now being tested for use with. scientists

also trying to make lithium selfhood that's really safer. lithium selfish cells are generally safe but accidents do happen that's why scientists are working to develop solid state batteries. desist and cut old montreal in the 1st company to recap old material moves through the solid state of electoral light and then attaches itself quite its own. to the current collector. in a fix you can see that we're using a flexible cathode for this process. it's not brittle and all it's wood is highly efficient solid state electrolytes are still in the development stage but they have one take advantage over liquid electrolytes they can't catch fire. by

definition there are no flammable liquids in a solid state electrolyte. some of these are made of ceramic last materials which is porous enough to allow the migration of the lithium ion it's. solid state batteries could eventually play a major role in the production of electric vehicles. but what should we do with batteries that have outlived their usefulness one option is recycling as here in amsterdam. which looks as if. you were standing there in the cold trying to get your phone to open the door of your car to go but you can't because the batteries are dead it's to call anybody so you have to hold the phone under your arm until it warms up. the. old car batteries are a key part of the energy storage system at the stadium home to the i.x.

amsterdam football club. is a possibility has a backup power system that's run by $148.00 vehicle battery. sized provide the electricity the lights that you see here. like b l e d's and the scoreboard and father brother. if the emergency system kicks in the only thing that people will notice is a brief flicker in the lights. it's a big improvement over the stadiums old diesel powered generators. panels on the stadium roof and wind power from local installations add to the electricity mix. the palace storage units are located in the basement. the batteries have only about 70 percent of their storage capacity left but that's

good enough for this project isn't but they're really some of these batteries have 150000 kilometers on that we took them out of the vehicles tested them and then put them in these cabinets the room temperature is a comfortable $25.00 degrees. we expect that they'll provide electricity for the stadium and the regional power grid for the next 10 years and that's where you know . the electricity that's generated must match the consumption exactly the batteries serve as buffett is. about to get the offer and you can see here that we charge the batteries before yesterday's champions league match to provide a backup power supply after the game we discharge the batteries ran them down to 50 percent capacity right now they're supplying electricity for a dutch grid operators that's the kind that. mark has spent

tries to get the most out of his past trains but he doesn't want to overwork then. software because the we develop software that compares the age of the battery and the amount of money that it can earn by generating electricity. at c and con will keep charging and discharging a battery as long as it continues to produce revenue. to get the same these a d. but when it can no longer do that we'll replace it was a good fit in. good it's nice to have. the batteries of electric cars in the stadium parking lot can also contribute power to the great. that's why those intellect all those pockets and you could have 2000 electric cars connected to the system. and they'll not only charge but also discharge electricity into the stadium grid. used by directional charging stations. and so the vehicle not only takes

in electricity when it's charging but it also sends power back into the grid when it's discharging. them which starts in the us by for. the success of europe's energy transition will depend to a large extent on how well we are able to exploit the storage potential of electric vehicles. because out also the big challenge right now is not the technology it. it's getting the politicians to create conditions that will allow germany to continue to lead the world in the production of renewable energy and in the manufacture of automobiles and at $6.50. we have to bring these 2 sectors together. and we need a regulatory framework that will allow us to do that and. for the regulatory shuffle for example the government taxes both the charging and discharging of an

electric car battery but not a stationary battery there's something wrong it's little things like that. we have to do better we have to be more innovative with this and we have to be both venomously roscoe and. to own. or not to open a. book about a sharing economy instead. of. a change in thinking is changing the economy to create something new.

economic magazine made in germany. 90 minutes w. . we have the important numers let's get right to. a smoking is healthy. post decides are good for the big games global warming doesn't exist. don't believe those. not yet if. you have read my mind the lists. industry is controlling your thoughts there are tends to skew science. it's not easy to spot i'm saying one thing industry is saying another. the great books of the 20th century. present day hoaxes. and who's behind the. manufacturing

ignorance starts may 3rd on d w. m d. this is the the view news live from berlin a u.s. jury convicts a white ex policeman of murdering george flawed as president joe biden calls that a start in the fight against racism. no one should be above the law. and today's verdict sends that message punish not enough we can't stop you.

the jury in minneapolis fans derek cho been guilty of all charges in the killing also coming up. with covered 19 cases a sore.