and the prime minister condemned watch he called another barbaric and cowardly attack. here watching data but the news live from. sirius is operational frank stay tuned for that i'll have more news headlines for you have a top of the hour in the meantime as always our web site. i'm rebecca riches thanks very much for watching. their story their very own personal drama later the people who survived the catastrophe and remember. and they share private footage with us that has never been seen this long. back to turn over all sorts of people 26 on t.w. .

only knife would be a lot more inconvenient if we didn't have a battery powered devices. that would order shaver power tools cordless screwdriver t.v. remote vacuum cleaner lawnmower laptop chairs the robots handheld vacuum i might buy a drone remote control cars the battery in my electric car my cell phone cell phone batteries camera battery so i can take pictures you've got to have batteries. consumers would love to have a powerful rechargeable battery that fits inside a small effect. or one that's nice enough to use with a drug. and of course it has to last for ever.

but some conventional batteries can pose safety problems. researchers in germany are working to eliminate a number of technical flaws that have plagued batteries for years. and european companies that make batteries are starting to catch up with the market leader in asia. this is europe's largest manufacturer of lithium ion batteries it's located near the town of karsh in northern varia. i have a need mountain bike last year my wife and i took a cycling trip through the house we wanted to stop by the night at

a place that was $2500.00 metres out. we were about a kilometer away when i gave. her and i had a burst of i can tell the rest of the way. is the founder and c.e.o. of the b m said battery manufacturing company is $3000.00 employees designed and built batteries for all kinds of applications. just i mean it's real this is a lithium ion sound it's the foundation of the power systems that you find in things like electric cars and garden tools this was my cardio but you can't use just one side. you need a complete system includes a number of sounds the electronics and the housing. the emma said produces $200000000.00 of these cells a year in germany and at its factories in china poland and the us. the batteries. this is simply line will later be installed in robot law mess. the cells

are outfitted with an electronic system that makes sure that they don't overheat or overcharge while the mother is working as a snitch him in one of the most of the songs are not also lendrick own like this one not the automakers in the u.s. years house 6 there are 8600 cells in each battery sisters of the margins of the b.m.w. and v.w. sells look like a prison. cells come in all kinds of shapes and sizes refer are about 150 different sizes that are used right now in various applications. there's a version this one is quite sane the ones in cellphones are even thinner. the company pays close attention to making battery cells that are built to last. them a dust this is bust we try to take into account things that can happen is certainly did i think carpenter dropping a cordless screwdriver from the roof. sometimes people will test

a total device at the store to make sure that the battery still works with. these situations are simulated in the special the burra tray. if the battery survives it can go into mass production. b.m. says engineers even create custom made batteries about 200 different designs a year base usually no problem finding cables cases and other gear used in battery systems but there have been shortages of cells. for those acts that happened in 2018 and the problem is world wide only for corporations made sounds of the time span of sonic sony samsung and l.g. . most companies essentially sold sounds to the highest bidder so i was a real problem for some customers around europe over i'd. including p m

said right now there are only about 40 large factories around the world that manufacture battery cells. 89 percent of all lithium ion cells are manufactured in asia the rest are made in the u.s. . asian companies have a big advantage in the sector. to find out why we talked to martin vinter a professor of materials science energy and electrochemistry and a world renowned expert on batteries. just more beautiful 1st cell phones camcorders and even the 1st computers that used batteries simply didn't have an adequate energy supply system computer that part of the house but the lithium ion battery changed all that. that's and sense a lot of portable electronic devices are manufactured in asia. the production of

lithium ion batteries has become huge there. and that's been the case for years and shine for but now we plan to catch up to them. in 2018 battery cells with the total capacity of 30 full list were produced for portable electrical devices growth in this sector was rapid at 1st but has no leveled off. but the demand for eco batteries has risen sharply a total of 100 kilowatt hours for these systems was produced in 2018. stockholm living it's essential france to produce more battery cells in europe and one job in 5 it depends on batteries directly or indirectly all sorts of different devices use batteries like laptops and cell phones but none of those batteries are made in europe over and batteries make our 40 percent of the total value of the

product. right now germany imports about 2300000000 euros worth of lithium ion battery cells pe year. china recently managed to overtake japan and south korea in this sector. china's industrial growth has been remarkable in any case but beijing has now made the development and production of batteries a top priority. china is trying to reduce air pollution by building more evie it calls. it sheena arms after china decided to boost production of batteries cells only governments encouraged foreign investors via law in them to earn 70 percent of the company and in one here for. all 60 new businesses were producing cells but in europe we're talking about just 2 new companies it's not enough we

have to work faster in the lurch right. current full casts indicate that by 2028 worldwide battery production capacity will be nearly 10 times what it was in 2018. the total amount is expected to reach more than 2000 gigawatt allis. china is expected to account for 62 percent of production capacity and europe 17 percent china has invested in a number of european battery factories. then we start with. china is doing very well in this sector because the government is easing regulations to promote electro mobility and life to china doesn't have a lot of experience with producing internal combustion engines so it's now focused on electric vehicles. and they're doing this to cut down on air pollution and they're big cities and so they're in a good position right now to move ahead with this effort also songs bones but here

in europe the auto industry has to take into account of the concerns of various interest groups. and that is slowing the process of making the transition to electric vehicles and i know confidently most often this is germany's 1st big battery cells factory it's being built in the state of the range by a chinese corporation c a t l. plans for the project were announced during a state visit by china's prime minister in 2018 beijing's initial investment was 1800000000 euros. chinese technological innovations will combine with germany's industrial know. then just say about could i wish that we could have done those fire ourselves but i'm glad that this factory will be built in germany says wood fence international shark fin c a t l's total revenues for the 1st half of 2020 amounted to the equivalent of

2200000000 euros the president of the corporation's european division is. the new factory is housed on the site of a german solar energy company that went bankrupt in 2018. the company's solar world was undercut by foreign competition much of it from china . oh yeah. we're just laughed want used to be the solar world administration building over there we're clearing out and reconfiguring some of the facilities. to the right we'll have the buildings that house prototype production for the quality control of our interests and product storage. and we're just getting started but this factory will soon be up and running for. 10 cuffe says that the company was

considering several other sites for the project. and for thornton has been the primary factors in our decision with the costs of labor and energy. in eastern europe that would ultimately lead with under we don't look at some other locations. but we were impressed by the availability of renewable energy here in the state of thuringia. so you're for new arrivals now make up 40 percent of the state's total power production. that's essential for the production of this technology. which is supposed to be climate friendly with the new ball energy plays an increasingly important role for us also all of this with everything the company plans to employ up to 2000 people at the same time the u.s. based corporation tesla is building a new battery production facility just outside berlin. it's called the gigafactory

and will also build electric vehicles it's due to open later this year. research has at the university of minister play an important role in helping germany catch up to the competition from asia. most inventor and his colleagues are working to develop the next generation lithium ion batteries. a new research center is under construction here funded in part by a 500000000 euro grant from the german government. mount inventors known worldwide for his contributions to battery research he advises the german government and serves on a number of expert committees. these scientists are developing new materials to create batteries that work more efficiently. this may look like a sheet of thin cardboard but it's actually composed of high performance and material. if you put it on august property we stack them on top of each other to

increase capacity come on them because if you. but only a few of the components that they're studying here will actually be used in the new research factory. in the d.c. office before we want that but still a t. to expand on existing research hope it's a fun party if a particular process works at least in principle at one level we'll do some small scale tasks and if those tests are successful we'll move the project to the research center and test it on a larger scale if we want to avoid wasted effort as much as possible we want to make sure that it works here before we take it over there before we start. this high tech equipment is used to make this ultra thin strips of material under the watchful eye of chief engineer over who would. then this sheet is placed in

a palmetto niche. the final step of the process involves adding a few chops of liquid electrolyte to fill the remaining space in the battery. that's great. if you don't do the cells ready now for. lithium ion batteries have a very simple structure a key. have followed positive electrode and or negative electrode. to prevent a short circuit the 2 electrodes are separated. when the battery is challenging electrons flow from the positive side to the negative. the battery cell is enclosed in a palm a pound. the pouches then filled with an electrolyte solution. as the battery charges positive lithium move through the electrolyte solution to the negative side and stay in the and graphite.

this process continues until the layer is full. electrons also travel to the other side via a separate external circuit. when the battery is being used the process has reversed . the n o 2 releases electrons through the external circuits and they flow to the cafe this creates the electricity that allows the battery to power a device at the same time the positive lithium ion return to the cathode. lithium ion batteries have a number of advantages. they can power an electric car for several 100 kilometers. recharge quickly so you no longer have to leave them overnight. either but they're also relatively inexpensive when you factor in the cost of operation and the resale value and they're also comparatively safe those are the main reasons that these

batteries have become so popular. mas' inventor is certain that lithium ion technology will continue to lead the way for the next 5 to 10 years. a key component of these batteries is the cathode. this is what it looks like under an electronic microscope the cathode consists of metal oxides. 8 percent nickel 3 percent manganese and 2 percent cobalt. about 70 percent of the world's cobalt comes from the democratic republic of the congo. 10 to 20 percent of. his mind at illegal sites like this one. it's hard and dangerous work. brokers often from china buy the cobalt or.

most of congo's cobalt is extracted at surface mines several of the country's largest cobalt mines are controlled by china. local residents don't benefit much from the sale of the cobalt that's mine near their homes. other valuable raw materials are used in cathode production for example lithium makes up about 2 percent of the total. much of the world's lithium comes from south america. lithium salt is often found in underground reservoirs of brine the liquid is pumped to the surface and then stored in open basins where evaporates. afterward the material is sent to a processing facility where the lithium is extracted. critics claim that this

process can cause serious environmental problems including contamination of drinking water in parts of argentina bolivia and chile. the 1st lithium ion batteries contained a cafe that was made exclusively of cobalt. later versions replaced much of the cobalt with other materials including nickel and manganese the cobalt content has now been cut to about 10 percent. the battery industry has cut down on the use of expensive and environmentally harmful materials as part of the effort to reduce the carbon footprint of its products. team on the heart of card. for years asian manufacturers didn't pay a lot of attention to sustainability. yes that's changing because their

customers. manufacturers and germany demanded the so long and so the asian companies have had to make adjustments on the other hand we've focused on sustainable technology from the very start and that gives us a big advantage because it's. the recycling of battery component parts has become more widespread in germany this startup facility is located in the state of. the company c.e.o. christiane hunnish where the recycled batteries are as good as the original. first cell phones being usually are but we did have a battery die once and a baby monitor. the company has developed a highly sustainable method for recycling lithium ion batteries. everybody remember this is where we extract the electricity from the battery we

then feed that electricity into the facilities grid it's hard work. once the battery has been fully discharged it'll be taken upon us. regulations say that at least 50 percent of the batteries contents must be recycled most companies meet this targets by including casings and cables the critics say that's cheating. it's often difficult to get to the battery cell itself that will have to change in future designs. once the cells are removed they sent off to be shredded.

this process takes place in an atmosphere of nitrogen instead of oxygen to reduce the risk of combustion. here we see the graphite from the batteries. and the electrolytes in. the shredder is about the size of a shipping container batteries contain hazardous materials and they're transpose it to the recycling center in large quantities but the real materials that come out of the shredding process all say. christiane harnish plans to build 17 of these machines in facilities throughout europe. and us hard this will pay off in the long run because it's a sustainable way to dispose of old batteries on. the left of the real materials are then sent to a sourcing plant christan hunnish plans to set up 6 of these facilities in europe.

you very much guys you know this is where we sort out the heavier materials from those we use a magnet and an electro magnet to separate the aluminum and steel component up or down together for a large to target the lighter components are processed so that we can remove materials like lithium. nickel manganese and graphite because god on. those components end up in a bag like this some are sucking companies incinerate this material to extract the missiles the christian hunnish plans to take a different approach social construct often we'd like to be able to turn it into material that can be used to manufacture new batteries but you must already have a shirt. a number of chemical processes can extract the role materials used in the thin ion batteries. for example inorganic acids are used to

isolate lithium graphite and other recyclable materials. some tests have reported a recovery rate of more than 90 percent. stand it recovery processes achieve a race of only about 25 percent. depending on the type of battery so. until the chemical recovery process is perfected most of the materials that can be recycled will simply be incinerated. recycling can help extend the life of the battery but what if scientists were able to develop a battery that lasts much longer. than. if you drive an electric car you're aware of the battery limitations of the indicator is near 0 if you hope that you can squeeze just a few more kilometers out of it. less than it. did as

a professor at the technical university and he's an expert on renewable energy systems and with his team is working on a project that analyzes why some batteries last longer than others. now those who knew about the lever doesn't follow through. we take a look at all the various factors that can influence a battery life why do batteries age differently does the way i drive my car or ride my bike the battery like the food at the boat does temperature play a role in so much food does it take a look at these battery cells than one of them is quite old and the other is fairly new. we're trying to figure out how batteries age and what we can do to make them last longer than we do to. the zealot and his experts have developed a kind of stress test that measures all aspects of the batteries performance. but you get paid from here could be difficult for even the we use this equipment to

create a profile of individual batteries for example how they're charged fast or slow their overall performance how a car battery responds to acceleration we can simulate all of these factors right here. and we also test the batteries in this climate controlled chamber. temperature is a key factor an increase of 10 degrees cuts battery life by half. we've speeded up the process because a good battery can last 1015 or even 20 years and we don't have that kind of time of the flowing they. have to which they did to chile analyze the results of the stress tests. you could maybe it's now we'll look at the batteries contacts out. of the sites our 2 batteries performed quite differently the image on the screen shows battery number one the weaker of

the 2 i and we can definitely see some distortion valves for them this is the size that these are places where damage can occur. and also short circuits in the to be overplayed and could in fact like that so this is what a new battery looks like hardly any distortion it's all and that's how it's supposed to hold this. so what coolest those distortions in the 1st battery. cell and his team will carry out a detailed examination. they cut open the battery so that they can study the cathode and the end. around so like this one is actually nothing more than a thin flat cell that's been rolled up. a research assistant take samples from the batteries defective cool and from the

exterior which is still intact. from these samples they build small test batteries cooled button cells that include a fresh supply of lithium. i think or me here can they it's you can see on the graph that there was a loss of lithium. and once we added a new supply of lithium to the cell that area showed up as almost completely whole lot less than most so the cathode in this case is still intact. the lithium was probably lost on the an outside and we can apply this knowledge to the design of future cells and perhaps we can add more lithium to that. this kind of data will be critical to the future success of battery cell production in germany. and this will help consumers get more out of the batteries that pallet their favorite devices. office some

advice on how to use batteries properly. lithium ion batteries age the fastest when they're fully charged. so you should limit the charging time as much as possible and you should never charge the batteries in cold temperatures. for example don't charge your phone while you're walking around outside in winter the battery will get cold but don't start charging it until you get home so it can warm up before. and you should recharge the battery as often as possible. not fully but often. so don't run the battery on your phone down to 0 before you recharge it a loaf. so therefore than good it's like falling on a rubber band you know if you pull just a little bit it'll last for a long time but if you pull that rubber band hard all the time it's eventually

going to break. because let's do this and avoid high temperatures to a 10 degree increase it will cut battery life in half you can believe. this is germany's 1st large scale battery production factory the via factory. but everyone uses it for all kinds of things but. you have to get used to charging them just like you charge a watch one holds a dog and also once you do that it'll be fine. it's a. hunk and thomas hoffman are in charge of the v.w. caitiff factory which is located near the city of studs in the state of north rhine-westphalia. preliminary operations began in 2019. the factory is a joint venture between v.w. and the swedish battery manufacturing north volt. it also is the 1st

step in production you have a depot this is where we mix the paste and old material on one side cathode on the other. the real materials for the paste are supplied by the chemical industry and a lot of research has gone into its composition. materials make up 80 percent of the total production costs. battery many factories in china are way ahead of their german counterparts but with factories like this one v.w. hopes to catch up both in terms of materials and manufacturing technology. and. we run a lot of tests to help achieve optimum performance because mark why not get in the series production the phase say we want to expand our knowledge back to create the best possible condition based on the bible but.

some are good some on it's always good to learn development basics 1st and then move on to the big investments. in the order cells that are made today by the giga factories were developed somewhere else in a small scale factory and we plan to do that development right here out of the upper body. as production ramps up the factory is expected to manufacture 16 hours with the batteries by the end of 2023. but that's not nearly enough to power the new v.w. electric cars that will be ready by then. so for the time being german automakers will have to rely on batteries that are made in asia but that will change in the years to come. a pilot program here has been producing lithium ion battery cells since early 2019. with some of the know. this

will remain the dominant technology over the medium term the company. you know bought it. but new types of battery cells are on the way. scientists at the pollen hoover institute for material and in technology and dressed in are at the forefront of this research. and want us to get off the air and if you've got a ticket on your phone on the battery runs out no stock. that's why usually i printed out your trust to be on the safe side this is. us is the spin of the lithium sulfur batteries all the way of the future. stephan casket and his team are developing one quick batteries that will work well with drones. lithium sulfur batteries have 2 big advantages over lithium ion cells. the cathode layers don't use expensive and environmentally dangerous

materials like nickel and cobalt. and they have a high energy density which means that they're more powerful. and the structure of a lithium sulfur battery is quite different. the cathode is made of carbon and sulfur the i know it contains lithium. when the batteries being used electrons split off from the entered and moved to the cathode. the lithium ion is move over there is well they react with the sulfur to make lithium cell phone this continues until the battery is empty. when the battery is charging the sulfide dissolves and the process runs in reverse. the main advantage of these kinds of batteries is that the materials in the cathode also like to eat. carbon and sulphur in course

the carbon has to have a low density and it has to be. so it can absorb the sulfur so me. so fur is a common element so it's inexpensive. fish to see what element to the key material in this battery. in the hand out element or time just gets let's take a closer look. metallic lithium is highly reactive that's why we keep it isolated in this chamber this box or. the chamber is filled with argon gas which doesn't react with the little animals. exclaim by lithium is extremely soft and can break into crumbs as you can see here . it's also extremely reactive so the electrolyte decomposes quickly i missed so that's. the fossil we're trying to find electrolyte material that's more durable so

the battery can run more cycles it's. today's lithium sulfa cells off the high performance but they wear out quickly. but never stopped inhaling some call the lithium and the holy grail of electrochemistry. finish and if you've been working on lithium sulfur boundaries for some time i was convinced that would have gone on the market in ice cream box. the funnel of a team has been working on this project for 10 years but commercial production still see in some way home. in any case these lightweight batteries are now being tested for use with drugs. scientists are also trying to make lithium sulphide that tree safer.

lithium selfish cells are generally safe but. accidents do happen that's why scientists are working to develop solid state batteries. doesn't cut to montreal in the 1st couple of cathode material moves through the solid state of electoral light and then attaches itself quite early to the current collector. in the flex you can see that we're using a flexible cathode for this process. it's not brittle and all it's wood is highly efficient solid state electrolytes are still in the development stage but they have one take advantage over a liquid electrolytes they can't catch fire. by definition there are no flammable liquids in a solid state electrolytes. some of these are made of ceramic last

materials which is porous enough to allow the migration of the lithium ion it's. solid state batteries could eventually play a major role in the production of electric vehicles. but what should we do with batteries that if outlived their usefulness one option is recycling as here in amsterdam. which looms as if. you were standing there in the cold trying to get your phone to open the door of your car to go but you can't because the battery said it's too cold the anybody so you have to hold the phone under your arm until it warms up. the. old combat trees are a key part of the energy storage system at the stadium home to the i.x. amsterdam football club. is a possibility has a backup power system that's run by $148.00 b.

a call battery less. besides delay provided the electricity the lights that you see here. and the scoreboard and father barber. if the emergency system kicks in the only thing that people will notice is a brief flicker in the lines. it's a big improvement over the stadiums old diesel powered generators. solar panels on the stadium roof and wind power from local installations add to the electricity mix. the palace storage units are located in the basement. the batteries have only about 70 percent of their storage capacity left but that's good enough for this project he doesn't but there are some of these batteries have 150000 kilometers on them we took them out of the vehicles tested them and then put

them in these cabinets the room temperature is a comfortable $25.00 degrees. we expect that they'll provide electricity for the stadium and the regional power grid for the next 10 years and it's going in. the electricity that's generated must match the consumption exactly the batteries serve as buffett is. about to get just you can see here that we charge the batteries before yesterday's champions league match to provide a backup power supply after the game we discharge the batteries ran them down to 50 percent capacity right now they're supplying electricity for a dutch grid operators that's the kind that. mark has spent tries to get the most out of his past trace but he doesn't want to overwork then. the amount of software we could. we develop software that compares the age of the

battery and the amount of money that it can earn by generating electricity. at c. and con will keep charging and discharging a battery as long as it continues to produce revenue. i get to see these at the but when it can no longer do that we'll replace it was a good fit. but it's nice to have. the batteries of electric cars in the stadium parking lot can also contribute power to the great. that's why those intellect all those pockets and you could have 2000 electric cars connected to the system. and they'll not only charge but also discharge electricity into the stadium grid. used by directional charging stations. and so the vehicle not only takes in electricity when it's charging but it also sends power back into the grid when it's discharging

. them which took some of us by for. the success of europe's energy transition will depend to a large extent on how well we are able to exploit the storage potential of electric vehicles. goes out also the big challenge right now is not the technology it. it's getting the politicians to create conditions that will allow germany to continue to lead the world in the production of renewal energy and in the manufacture of automobiles and at $6.50 points and we have to bring these 2 sectors together. and we need a regulatory framework that will allow us to do that. for the regulatory shuffle if for example the government taxes both the charging and discharging of an electric car battery but not a stationary battery there's something wrong it's little things like that. we have to do better we have to be more innovative with this and we have to be poll

numbers we will spend our. the difference in genetic material is all it takes men and women to get sick differently. and gender medicine takes this distinction seriously as a man or woman wants to know when it comes to health for better medical treatment prevention. good shape. in 30 minutes on t w. we

have important news. smoking is healthy pesticides are good for the being. global warming doesn't exist. you don't believe us well not yet. you have read my mind. the industry is controlling your thoughts are intentionally you to rail science it's not easy to spot. the great bluffs of the 20th century. present day hoaxes. and who's behind the. manufacturing ignorance starts may 3rd on d w. this

is data new news live from the no beds no drugs no oxygen in his hospitals collapse under the weight of a colossal 2nd wave of chronic virus infections the capital delhi is counting one covert related death every 5 minutes as people struggle to find help fighting the illness also coming up for the 1st time since a military coup in myanmar self-proclaimed mutilated makes the other leaders in the region.