class day nor is it best meet fielden feet to. the it's. got some tips for your bucket list. corner. for. some great cultural memorials to boot. cute creatures or plague infested pests. for more than 15000 years the lives of humans and mice have been deeply entwined. we'll be looking at their respective evolutionary journeys on today's show.

her. hello and welcome to tomorrow today the science show on d w. the formation of the sun dates back full in the halls billions years. then came the us . what followed was a process known as biological evolution the 1st animals appeared some 600000000 years ago. humans are a relatively recent phenomena our evolution has been far from linea with new discoveries often turning old assumptions on the head. now thanks to a certain long tailed creature scientists could be one step closer to learning more about the origin of mankind.

this mouse comes from taiwan this one is from iran. this one's a german. well this one hails from france. they might look similar but they're all from different subspecies and genetically quite different. professor touts and his team caught the mice in their home countries and brought them to germany to the monks planck institute for evolutionary biology here they have their very own mice house with 24 rooms where they can stake out territory and bring. the scientists want to study how the different subspecies undergo evolutionary development. more than window out as mice are a wonderful model for evolution and they adopt very quickly that system together with humans they've spread all over the globe and adapted to many different climates but they also provide a biomedical model where their genetics are well known if you identify

a gene in the context of an evolutionary development we can look up what its function is which gives us the combination of evolutionary biology and genetics to inspiration. community. mice have been around for some 500000 years 1st appearing in the area of modern day iran different subspecies soon developed the eastern the western and the southeastern asian house mouse. 15000 years ago they started associating with humans when the hunter gatherers settled in more permanent homes they were drawn by food stocks and food waste. from then on the mice paulo to humans wherever they went the southeastern asian mouse moving to india and china the eastern house most in northern iraq and the western one spreading across the middle east only later did mice come to europe.

the eastern house came along the danube river that was about 6000 years ago the western mass came across the mediterranean on ships around 3000 years ago ships for kiri bridges middle america common for. later they were carried by ship to the british isles and in the age of exploration to the americas australia and outposts like taiwan and the remote feral island. the rodents down to new conditions colder temperatures or different. studying what happens in their genome during this process has changed our understanding of evolution. and there's always talk that 95 percent of the genome is junk food that we and other scientists discovered that these intermediate areas can actually be the birthplace for new genes and to an extent that we wouldn't have expected. their

gross to tight as the majority of the genome keeps getting overhauled and most of it is then lost. when animals adopt a new surroundings these genes are used and retained to facilitate the adaptation process. another factor driving evolution is the choice of a mate the scientists decided to put western house mice from southern france together with others from the same subspecies from germany. france. the french and german my separated 3 millennia ago so there is far removed from each other as humans are from. but still they're able to breed and what about their offspring. with a father from southern france chose a southern french maint mice with a german father did for a germany that's because the genes that determine the mating process are passed on from the father. i'm puzzled on noir adopting to new conditions always

goes hand in hand with an adaptation of the choice of the mace and since we stoop to the rodents need to find a maze that is best adapted to the environment and that's because i'm so it's always a coeval lucian's was a choice of made out of taishan that's how you get different strains emerging from then on mates are only chosen from within the same strain for your buddy guy getting your. house minus only reached the german island of helgoland 400 years ago once again they had to adapt quickly owing to a lack of farmland the mines became carnivores feeding on worms and even other dead animals. today the helgoland mice no longer mate with new arrivals from the mainland and the different lines remain separate. the months long the institute is also researching what happens when mice from different subspecies mate with each other. germany is home to both the western and the eastern house.

the 2 are very different genetically but the scientists found they are able to maintain however their offspring are weaker and often suffer from parasites but interestingly individual genes are replaced and the offspring that can help the rodents adapt to changing environmental conditions this is even if a sunni and that's fascinating is that a gene that they have passed on can then become dominant in the other population who were exonerated is mostly about something that was also discovered in humans on the under toles hybridise ation occurred between them and we still have some neanderthal genes today wired. thanks to the humble house mouse we now better understand how new some species are formed and how adaptation to a new habitat is facilitated by both d.n.a. and behavior changes it's like watching high speed evolution before our very eyes.

from hunter gatherers to secularize. all the way to the office over telling our working world has evolved the latest step in the process of working from home during the pandemic one in 5 workers around the world to play jobs home. but even before then millions of people already work from home. in countries including zambia ghana bangladesh and indonesia over 13 percent of workers who work from home. now other nations like germany are playing catch up. when the pandemic hits and germany went into lockdown and a whole bag had to begin working from home from one day to the next work posed a whole new set of challenges we visited her in her workspace at home. hoffman is an expert on the flexible forms of working and is researching the impact

of remote work on company. and a whole bag has a desk job working from home means she now spends no longer in front of her computer. or tried to find some potential times for a meeting with management next week i propose several options but they responded saying they could offer me an appointment at 7 in the evening. you shouldn't really be having meetings at that sort of time but you find yourself making more and more appointments outside normal working hours and i'm glad. it's become a common problem 65 percent of companies report that employees are increasingly likely to be working outside their normal working hours. being at home makes it easier to work more flexibly and there's no commute to an office. yet one

international study shows that people are working an average of 48 minutes longer than they used to 56 percent of those questioned said they're working beyond their contractual obligation it's left on a whole bag exhausted she's constantly on call and feels there's no longer any clear separation between her work and her private life she's not alone a survey found that 65 percent of people say that the boundaries of blurred between work and home for parents of young children can be very stressful so it's important to designate working and personal hours. or we saw this needs to be communicated and we shouldn't go around thinking they probably assume that i'm available all day so i should answer the phone immediately. i've got into the habit of putting appointments in my calendar that are just me time to make a point that i'm not always available. for. 'd 70 percent of questions in another survey said that their employers can get in touch

with them even when they're on holiday working at home also takes a physical toll 40 percent of people questioned in a phone who fit institute study reported physical ailments such as back ache for many people their makeshift offices at home on time deal for working on a whole bag says she also notices physical side effects. i think tomorrow. i get very cold feet. and my circulation has suffered and. that's because she tends to move around less at home than she would in the office. sitting at a table for hours on end can restrict blood flow. through the cold feet is a common problem among people working remotely i've heard that a lot even before the pandemic as far as this problem goes people just need to exercise discipline they need to make sure they stand up regularly and walk around

the block for 15 minutes they can do things to prevent it 'd. people working from home rely heavily on technology almost 60 percent of people questioned in a survey said they could do with better equipment and would appreciate it if their employers provided laptops and mobile phones the technology has to be fail proof. tweaked during a virtual meeting there was a problem with the bandwidth so the video link didn't work. these video calls really have been helpful but this time we have to turn off the video function and. it's affects the quality of communication. many people working from home experience technical difficulties and end up missing on line meetings for example. think of the members everyone needs a basic reliable set up to work efficiently from home and then they need to have

backup plans just in case i can always use my own phone. or i have gotten used to giving out my private number because at least it's a stable connection. people need to have contingency plans in case things go wrong. when the tech works 85 percent of people who work at home say they miss personal contacts. it's good to get positive feedback from colleagues. last week i managed to finish a project i've been working on for 2 years. i was very pleased with that and it was a shame no one was there to share that with us. they have to admit our. interaction with colleagues plays a big role in our working lives. with everyone working from home it's harder to

maintain these relationships. as most. people should reach out and share news and so on they need to overcome their reservations take the initiative and communicate with people share good news that needs to be done consciously it can't just be left to chance. there's also less social contact because fewer people are traveling for work. if you as a man believes we're facing lasting change in the way we work. i don't necessarily think there will be fewer business trips in the future and i wouldn't want that to happen i think there are situations in which will need to meet people and see places to get a sense of them but i don't think we need to be catching 6 am flights just for some routine meetings there are other ways to do it.

many companies agree before the pandemic some 12000000 people traveled on business in germany every year in all they made 190000000 trips. but now 61 percent of employers say they're planning to cut down on them more often one consequence of the 19 pandemic is that remote working will become more common it will also probably lead to greater flexibility and fewer business trips thanks to video calls one way or another will never be the same again. cracking nuts as no problem for a parrot. birds with less hardy big. weeks on the other hand have to settle for soft if. the natural world is constantly adapting to its environment the process takes place over generations. global warming however is progressing at an alarming speed. prompting mohamed earhart raga from egypt to

ask. how is climate change affecting wild animals. global warming means winters are getting warmer and shorter in many places. that's altering plant animal habitats with some destructive results. bears don't hibernate anymore or at least not as long as they used to when they would fatten themselves up in the full for a 6 month rest. nowadays bears can eat well into the winter only going into hibernation when nothing was available. since it's also now gets warmer earlier they wake up that much sooner. their rest spite is cut short and at that time there's nothing around to eat. that makes fans aggressive even towards humans who want normally on their menu. climate change

is also confusing migrates rebirths blackcaps no longer leave germany and head to spain for the winter now a days they prefer spending the season in southern england. blackbirds and robins can even stay put depending on local weather conditions. long haul species like stalks and cranes still follow their genetic programming and set out on annual migrations. but the rapidly expanding deserts in africa combined with steadily dwindling sources of food and making life tough for them. among fish research showing that salmon are up to 8 percent smaller than a few years ago. climate change is the prime suspect areas while. salmon mature faster and warming oceans and return at a younger age to spawning grounds in the upper reaches of the rivers where they

came from. they fertilize their eggs in exactly the same place they themselves were conceived but today there are 4 years old they used to do this h 7. climate change is also threatening the green sea turtle with extinction. each season a female lays up to $600.00 dikes in the summer her offspring hatch after 2 to 3 months. temperature is a major factor in this process at $28.00 degrees celsius only male turtles hatch at $32.00 degrees only females in northern areas of australia's great barrier reef nearly all the offspring are now female and can't reproduce for lack of males. the w w f says climate change threatens around half of all animal species in the world's prime natural habitats with extinction. if outlet is right why are there but only a few made it happen. do you have

a science question you'd like us to answer. send it in as a video text or voice mail. if we feature it on the show you'll get a little surprise from us as a thank you come on just ask. you can get one science news on our website and on twitter. we don't tend to consider it cooking a high risk activity at least not for adults. nor do we think about the dangers of using cell phones and laptops but have you ever actually read the care instructions for a charger. you're not alone. explosions at home more common than you think.

breakfast with coffee rolls some cold cuts and. maybe we can cook it fast in the microwave let's see. well that wasn't a good idea what happened microwave radiation heats water molecules in the egg they expand and once they reach a certain temperature they evaporate. blowing up the egg in the process. a right royal mess but this kind of blast is homeless compared to other household dangerous. like that cooking oil found investigations potentially incendiary deodorant and has spray canisters and rechargeable lithium ion batteries in mobile phones so in cigarettes what's so dangerous about these

things. well the firefighters from cassells fire brigades i had to explain. to my schmitz. tomas miller and yes home by. the form of a more well being called out to more and more household incidents today we'll show you some things that can go wrong at home because you know. that calls for some heavy equipment because things are about to go off with a bang. but it's safety 1st for these experiments. if you. use this propellant gas in here and we're going to heat it up all the gospel expound on the camel burst. that's why this deodorant needs to be kept in a cage to protect us from shrapnel. from at least 4 meters away a flame is applied to the can. the increased gas pressure inside busts the can.

call. this is something that can happen to any canister containing propellant gas. there's a warning on every car do not. he's above 50 degrees celsius while in summer if you leave it lying around in the car it can easily reach 60 to 70 degrees that's enough for an explosion. if. you can it's just a camping stoves are filled entirely with pressurized flammable gas far too powerful and dangerous for us to experiment with. gas explosions in buildings it depends on the amount of gas around when it ignites as to how bad the damage is. the doors and windows get blown out 1st and if gas concentrations or volumes are high than even the outer walls can go over the whole structure. rechargeable lithium ion batteries are another potential disaster around in things like drives

mobile phones and bikes that charging capacity also harbors a capacity for hom since they're highly flammable. the positive and negative poles of lithium ion accumulate are only separated by a thin plastic membrane if it gets damaged because. we're going to do that to a large rechargeable battery and cause a short circuit. the immediate result is the jet of toxic smoke followed by ignition a short while later. but short circuits can also be sparked by relatively minor damage such as a knock incorrect charging it takes several minutes before the fire subsides. for you often have to deal with polymer battery inside especially with them

physically and so many cars now everybody because one so we have far is relatively often because they were damaged or left on a tender while charging. the. water. now to the really volcanic action beginning with an every day kitchen scene with a pan. full of regular cooking oil. our fire fight to speed things up by heating it with a gas burner so any normal stove hot plate does the job just as well. because . this is basically the 232240 degree temperature range starts to smoke a smoke detector would sound the alarm if you respond quickly enough so it's the cooker often get the power off to one side and the danger is over nothing will happen. but what happens if the oil keeps heating up between 250 and 300 degrees it's hot enough to burst into flames and if you think

pushing on the lid does the job think again it needs time to cool as well or it all goes up in flames again. so what should you do. you can see the foreign right next to it is the kitchen sink so it's natural to think of using water that's the worst thing you can possibly do with burning fossil. but why we get an impressive answer from a safe distance. anyone next to the stove could be severely burned during this experiment. it's easy to explain if water is denser than oil and sinks straight to the bottom of the pan. it's so hot that the water immediately evaporate.

one liter of water is transformed instantly into 1700 liters of steam blasting the burning oil straight out of the pan as it expands what ever you do don't try this. place. good right now. and that's all from us to you will have moved fascinating stories from the world of science next time. until then it's bob i take. the.

prize for. this couple if you want to fill in the sustainable way clint freiburg a feeling good life i'm going to be a leader in a college in phoenix doing germany. last day to make

noise but for me feel good. cheer. coming. stallions these exhibits. to dart from the german colonial era at the new. balts forum in berlin. the stolen art is casting a shadow over germany's largest cultural project even before it has fully opened. arts 20. 30 minutes on d w. 19 . their story their very own

personal drama. the people who survived the chesterfield remember the flame. and they share private footage with us that has never been seen before. back to channel starts of people 20 minutes on t w. how does a virus spread. why do we panic and when will all this. time for just 3 of the topics covered and the weekly radio program. if you would like and the information on the crown of virus or any other science topic you should really check out our podcast you can get it wherever you get your podcast you can also find us at d.f.w. dot com look for it slash science.

if you feel worried about the planet. money to. buy milk i was talking on the green zones on the coast and to me it's clear remains true. the solutions are out there. join me pretty. sorry reach transformation for me. this is day that we're news and these are our top stories india's capital delhi has extended its lockdown as the country's coronavirus cases continue to grow and hospitals struggle with severe oxygen and medicine shortages western nations have pledged to help providing ventilators and other items in the.