against corrupt rulers and dictatorship. all these moments. have left deep banks in my memory. they had hoped for more security more freedom more dignity. have their hopes been fulfilled. 10 years after the arab spring the rebellion starts june 7th on d w. the drug industry pushes back up the momentum builds for a suspension of patent protection for vaccine makers like pfizer industry groups argue throwing out patents could hurt vaccination efforts and drug development. also on the show volkswagen doubled its output of electric vehicles in the last quarter but they're still just 5 percent of the carmakers production look into what

the near future holds. and small scottish firms like whiskey makers have been shaken and stirred in the aftermath of the brags that the possibility of an independence referendum isn't going down any easier to. close welcome to the show as he fears the end berlin of the e.u. says it's ready to discuss its obvious your proposal to temporarily suspend intellectual property rights for covert 1000 vaccines a day after the us senate supported the measure the proposals meant to speed up the slow rate of global vaccinations but it's anger the pharmaceutical industry and it's sparking debate about the effect on private investment. while much of the rich world continues to ramp up vaccination rates developing countries remain at the mercy of the virus in india thousands are dying each day from covert 19 the country desperately needs vaccines for its huge 1400000000 population. last october it brought a proposal to the w t o along with south africa for patient rights to be temporarily suspended for

pandemic related medical products such as vaccines president biden's backing gives the proposal a chance of becoming reality in theory it could lead to copy controversial of approved vaccines being unbanned food supply boosting vaccination rates all over the world the move has prompted anger from the pharmaceutical industry although experts have pointed out that national governments have funded the search for vaccines to on the other hand it's worth saying that governments such as germany such as the united states have paid a lot of money for this research and that only a small sliver of pharmaceutical companies profits come from lower income countries months of negotiations could lie ahead for the w t o to agree upon a specific waiver plan but the u.s. decision has already seen shares in vaccine makers such as be on tech and madonna fall sharply. dr lemole is director of the european federation of pharmaceutical

industries and associations she joins me from brussels now really good to have you on the show supporters of this proposal say that production is the pinch point in global vaccination efforts and that this could help ensure quicker vaccinations around the world is that not reasonable. well in fact what you said was correct production is the pinch point manufacturing is the pinch point and it's not really an ip so manufacturing as you saw with a very complex vaccines is really linked to the technology transfer from the inventors of the vaccine to the technology transfer to the actual producers and we've been looking scanning the globe to find new manufacturing capacity and we've got more than 276 agreements to do that but it's not as simple as seeing a patent and reproducing it and in fact there's a lot of concern that waving and i.p.s. us diverting the raw materials and supplies away from well established supply chains that are now functioning to less effect at manufacturing sites where

productivity is not controlled and quality may be an issue and as was mentioned just now on your program there is also concern of copycat vaccines that are actually counterfeit 2nd entering the supply chain around the world there's a concern that licensing agreements may take time and depend on the company for example between pfizer in india they've been stalled for months now would this not speed things up to have government say we'll do the hard work for you will that the bad detection now go forward. i think the indeed all our focus should be on removing any barriers to collaboration and that's important but that doesn't mean waiting like you write you need that life thing that technology transfer to ensure that you have free a free flow of materials the free flow of technology transfer and then support those local supply chains that make vaccines happen the other thing i think we need to do as europe as well and present on the i mentioned it's a day we've already donated 200000000 doses i think everybody around the world

needs to share any doses where there is excess capacity with countries who need those more urgently and support kovacs and this is something that we can do together as a global community and is a much faster way of getting jobs in arms than hypothesis to lifting ip in a future when the future we have agreed that briefly talk about the need to increase manufacturing capacity how long will that take for the industry to find that manufacturing capacity elsewhere because a glock correct there is not much going apparently isn't something going to so i think 276 agreements speaks to if you think about number of companies that are producing that in today it's much smaller so if you think about 176 already agreements and those are set up the technology transfer as happens at the supply chain simply and we're short of quality in these i think a sea of the vaccines that come out that's the most important thing i think today to make sure that the vaccines work and that we are saving people and not the

people in danger and want to be but they're not lemole with she's director of the european federation of pharmaceutical industries an association thank you very much thank you very much. shift gears and go over to the automotive industry volkswagen earned 4800000000 euros in the last quarter and raise its profit forecast for the year despite the ongoing covert pandemic and a global shortage of city conductors that's hitting the industry hard it's one of the best quarterly results in the company's history delivered 2400000 vehicles to man remains high for the company's premium brands like albion porsche which have higher profit margins sales of electric cars more than doubled in the quarter but still make up only 5 percent of the company's output. so that output is only going to increase as rapidly stepping up electric production in part to meet e.u. emissions requirements for auto fleets a new study by the munich based evil institute found that production that production shift will also have big consequences for workers and germany's auto

industry for more on that i'm joined by clemens 1st with the evil institute in munich which conducted that study clemens it's always good to have you on the show what impressed me about this study if i read it correctly 7 percent of all industrial workers in germany are tied to the combustion engine and the shift to electric is happening so fast that many of them won't be at retirement age before their jobs are affected what kind of gap then are we talking about in terms of the employees who will be affected. we are expecting a roughly one to 2030 roughly 220000 jobs will disappear now some of that will be neutralized by a fluctuation of workers because workers retire. something like 90000. will not retire out so that jobs will disappear and they will need to be retrained find other occupations so it's a major transformation is it

a matter of just moving them over to electric car assembly. it's not for a couple of reasons 1st of all it's an open question where this new production will take place will that be in germany will that be in other countries there is intense competition going on for all of the new manufacturing the other issue is that it's not always clear whether these workers are able to do other jobs whether they want to do other jobs and whether even if the project is within germany or whether it is the same geographical location of cause these vary in principle very qualified people mostly so they can also find jobs in the other companies in other firms it's something we kind of taking for granted what about the car industry itself can it slow down its trends us and transition to electric to try and protect some of these jobs. where the car industry cannot stand on this

transition because the e.u. emissions regulation basically in a planned economy manner almost imposes a growing share of electric vehicles it will be between 35 and 50 percent in 2003 so it's a massive transition and there is no way of delaying it briefly what is your study mean for governments and industry in terms of what they need to do for these workers. what they need to do is 2 things 1st think about the region supporting the retraining and then structural change the 2nd thing is. we need to give the destry certainty about the regulator re framework we are now discussing is especially in germany we are constantly changing the objectives for climate neutrality and that creates uncertainty and that's counterproductive so we need clear regulations

on which the companies can rely and base their investment decisions and we need support for retraining of workings of his 1st president of the evil entity of munich thank you thank you. well scots are heading to the polls today voters not only about the country's government but about its future as a member of either the u.k. or potentially the european union brags it has proved a tough burden for scotland they've got must talk to a whisky distiller to get his view. and these barrels have to be thoroughly cleaned only then are they ready for the precious fiery spirit off body and dry and instead he distillery in scotland. even palmer has always dreamed of producing his own risky he works in the industry for 40 years before founding in stanley in the country a 5 north of edinburgh. to me this is a fight for school so it's made from 5 cereals as distilled in 5 and it's matured

and 5 it creates a sense of place a sense of identity. the marketing concept is in place and the company video online even as the new whisky matures only when the boss is totally satisfied with the flavor it's supposed to be complex and flowery will fans get their chance to taste it what worries you in palmer however as brakes it when he founded the company he didn't foresee the difficulties that many scottish business owners now have trading with the european union. but we were assured of frictionless trade well if this is frictionless trade i would not like to be experiencing friction trade so i think that we do need to think very carefully about we do and to be sure but at a specter of whether we're in or out that we're able to trade effectively

a 3rd of all scotch whisky experts go to the u. the market is worth over $1000000000.00 euro us annually but gregg's it and qubit have it the sector hard the bureaucratic hurdles a multi-faceted previously only one form was enough but now whisky exporters have to fill out different paperwork for each individual e.u. member if scotland declares independence from the u.k. that could create another headache for smaller companies if a change was to come very quickly. on that will be a far very significant seismic change that we would have to be able to monitor our small businesses like ourselves we will need a great deal of help to get us through that. the new whiskey will sadly find its way to the e.u. france and germany yukky export markets instead the employees hope the logistical problems can be sold in time for their property aged whiskey to be bottled.

just a reminder of our top story this hour the u.s. says it will back proposal in front of the show to temporarily suspend intellectual property rights for covert 1000 vaccines the e.u. says it's ready to discuss the proposal to boost vaccinations around the globe but it has angered the pharmaceutical industry. that's it for me and the business here blender checks out online d.w. dot com slash business. as watching. the fight against the corona virus pandemic. has the rate of infection in developing what does the latest research say. information and context the coronavirus update comes in 19 special. on t w. do you feel more of the

planet. leeching. a meal on the greens. and to me it's clear remains true. the solutions are out there. join me for a deep dive into the green transformation for me. for the. it's already a reality for seasonal flu the couple of sprays of your nose and you get strong protection against a potentially deadly virus could it work the corona virus would put the vaccine right where the virus reproduces in the responder tree system a nasal spray vaccine against coverage 19 could be the answer for

a country struggling to contain pandemic. robots in berlin welcome to 19 special now one country that's pending hopes on nasal spray vaccines is mexico the country with the world's 3rd highest covered 19 death toll it's trying to speed up its immunization program only one in 10 mexicans has had at least one dose of vaccine and the government is appealing for more shots from abroad is president manuel lopez obrador he received the astra zeneca shot last month but mexico is also hoping to start producing its own vaccines and administer them. in mexico one of the country's worst affected by the corona virus pandemic and dependent on imported vaccines in short supply globally. to help reduce the country's future dependency mexico's developing its own vaccine named pottery or

spanish for homeland the company spearheading the drive has already eyeing clinical trials. the mexican government hopes the vaccine can be approved for emergency use by the end of the year authorities say it has several advantages. if. this is a vaccine that can be administered as a nasal spray. and we've been laying the groundwork for mass production that will help keep costs low. and this in turn will make the vaccine more accessible to people in countries such as ours which are not as wealthy. that's things in large part to drawing on u.s. technology already used in other vaccines which the mexican developer says has proven safe and effective the mexican government has contributed to the funding.

but if it were not i think it's good i don't know when it will come out the problem here has been the lack of support for research so it will take a long time i'm going to. mexico is a country that should be a leader in the americas. and should help supply other countries in central america . mexico's president has condemned vaccine hoarding by rich countries in the past he says his nation will share its vaccine with others. but dr peter lazy is the chairman of the department of microbiology at icann school of medicine at mount sinai in new york he and his team developed the key ingredient for the nasal spray vaccine that mexico is developing and has the snuffy name n t v h x p s sort of a lazy explain to me what that means. let me 1st explain the name d.v.d.

stands for and pencil disease virus newcastle disease was which is actually an avian virus and we're using a vaccine strain for. both off cheap which is director to protect against newcastle disease as we are using this one and we are introducing in this newcastle disease rats and t.v. the escrow thing the surface ball thing off so it's cone of r.'s 2 and so on and we give that maxine to people at the end almost then we could use the s. protein is shellfish crackable of the no 3. sauce con artist who and then we may give you any known unsponsored against this surface cracker problem thing which is ok steve so. james p. stands for x. up rolling 6 pauline's in the protein which stabilize the

protein make it explains much more. and it makes it to be stable which is really important because the other vic scenes which are used by what they are now and finds i don't think they can only be stored in minus 40 degree minus a degree says he was our next scene which is the end he picks up pro vaccine is actually very very stable and and can be transported in store. all my furniture at the temperatures 2 to 4 degrees centigrade so it is much much cheaper to produce this vaccine as compere through the m.r.i. in a vaccines by pfizer. and he's very very cheaply made because it can be on in the same way that in france of us rick seems up. used or there were weekend shots in ocular a grenade

a excellent story of how. regular influence of her sex scenes are made we just enjoy and use our and d h x p s train into x. and we can make millions and millions of doses it is very very low cost i think the fact that it's produced in eggs will really surprise people because it does make a very different tone to what we've been hearing about the research so far but as i mentioned before about the fact that this can actually be. a minister it through a nasal spray i mean what's the advantage of that. so so far the they're only talking about the u.s. really so far in the united states to have vaccines against school with 19 but they are all injected they are all inject it so they are not going to using a would require mucosal in unity when you many administered through the nose we

knew was in the operates but went away in difference between 28 and immunity which is preventing of the 1000 virus to replicate so. you can use both platforms are very you mated one which gets injected and also the one which is used is a spray through the nose and we believe the real make a very good action in the as for doing directed against corporate 19 it works beautifully in animals we have fantastic telling studies in amsterdam in my eyes but obviously my son of man answers are not humans so we have to really find out how to use different platforms live through the nose or kill inject it how that works out in people. yes not that could take some time and when we're looking at you know vaccine actually being administered to people's noses so i was always

told a vigil used to ask me how long it will take us. not to answer that question however we are in 5 counterweights now or. reach u.c. and we reach are doing phase one slash 2 trials in the past we made for his wound and we waited praise too and we waited face 3 but because of the urgency of court 19 many of us are doing freeze one slash 2 in parallel and in those 5 companies as i said hundreds of people have been. needed in a phase one slash rates 2 and we hope we get the 1st data by june july of this year and then it really depends how much if what is being proven to be rituals told that in that in brazil is about

a 1000000 doses have been used so that we believe that their phase 2 in phase 3 could be done fairly rapidly but then again really depends how fast these studies can be done these human trials can be executed and invent depends on the country simply will take some more time in the us because we are holier than thou with our f.d.a. . thank you very much dr peter for lazy joining us on the card 1000 special. time to answer more of your questions now i have it to a science correspondent darrent williams. the astra zeneca vaccine is around 70 percent effective is that really enough for it to be any good. i've received several different versions of this question so the issue is obviously one that's causing some confusion i think what's driving it is

a similarity between 2 very different factors that are expressed as a similar percentage of 70 percent the 1st of those factors is an epidemiological prediction that comes up a lot it's what's now considered to be kind of low ball estimate of the number of people needed to achieve what we call herd immunity that very theoretical moment when enough people are immune to covert 19 through vaccination or having had the disease to allow us to get on top of transmission that 70 percent however is different from the 2nd factor the roughly 70 percent effectiveness claimed by the astra zeneca vaccine that 70 percent basically tells you that if a large number of people receive the vaccine and an equally large number don't and then you wait a few months to see who comes down with symptomatic who had 19 more than 2 thirds

of them will be from the unvaccinated group gauging effectiveness is as as you can see quite tricky because you're basically trying to put a number on how many vaccinated people didn't get infected but the astra zeneca vaccines 70 plus percent effectiveness is actually quite high compared to many other vaccines and will help us a lot and our attempts to reach that other 70 plus per. goal when when herd immunity dynamics should begin kicking in. their aquariums just before we leave you to take care lympics are less than 3 months away and given the pandemic all guys are planning o.b. a very unusual games just held a marathon russell in the northern city of sapporo and usually people were told to

stay away from the streets where the marathon was passing by by people holding signs but there were a few scattered or mochas who managed to make their way along the route in facemasks take your hopes the games could mark a turning point in the pandemic but the city is still under a state of emergency. and that's all from mammoth team from order check out the current of our section at the to me dot com by.

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and explore fascinating world heritage sites. g.w. world heritage 316 get kidnapped now. the amount of plastic is increasing every year and many i'm gonna fucking own life so you can hurt feelings holiday destinations and drowning in cost of my sleeve night economy and the cost of. infamy here in europe the fixed cost of 1000000 tons of plastic waste. used to another way the faster all the environment is interests like global. to make up your own mind. w. made for minds.

this is the news. in the fight against 19 of the world's richest countries finally bowing to global pressure. the u.s. plans to waive coronavirus. says. historic moments fire the show but it's only a 1st step in the push more effective vaccine distribution.