if you're worried about the planet. literally. a meal on the green. and to me it's clear remains true. solutions are out there. join me for a deep dive into the green transformation for me. for the. jackson nations save children's lives by protect them against diseases like measles and polio but so far not against covered 19 that could soon change many countries are considering vaccinating kids 12 and above against coronavirus thousands have already taken part in trials. usually i'm just on doing on

my own score and there's not much i can really do you know fight back yes. and with the results proving extremely successful research as a now looking at even younger age groups. such as them will soon start to be vaccinated against the coronavirus canada has authorized the biotech pfizer job for ages 12 and up jason kenney the premier of the worst hit province. alberta says it will begin inoculating schoolchildren on monday canada has faced criticism for its slow pace of vaccinations despite having quite a large stockpile. his prime minister just in trudeau getting his job around the 50 cases in canada have been recorded in people under the age of 19 other countries including the us are likely to also approve child backs in asia. well from all

we're joined by dr noni mcdonald professor of pediatrics and infectious diseases at dalhousie university. health center in halifax nova scotia thank you very much for joining us on this covered 19 special can you just explain to us why we're only now seeing vaccines being approved for children and teenagers it's not a surprise at all rob the big point was when we looked at the epidemiology for covert disease and who died it was absolutely adults especially older adults it was not children so in contrast to other diseases which were killing a lot of children in the past or having the worst disease like polio was much more a problem for young children than it was for adults the pressure was on to get a vaccine for adults 1st. but did they take into account the fact that children could potentially be spreading coronavirus. they were looking at that but they were not as big spreaders it's not like influenza were with influenza

school age kids are it they just moved out virus around like no tomorrow but for culprit again they were kids were not the big big spreaders there is now which we didn't know at the beginning there's now some data to show that children in general he's part of the reason they don't get such bad to see says they do have a different immune response to to the virus than old people like myself and they also don't have the same angiotensin enzyme converting enzymes in their lungs which the virus when it gets in there that's one of the ways in so there were 2 reasons why they didn't get such bad disease and the other piece i wanted to just jump in on is that when we do drugs we almost always start with adults because they can have permission when you're doing your trials they're given permission for

themselves where if we're going to do a trial in a child we have to have the parents' permission to do it in the child and the 1st thing they always ask is well what's the safety for adults for this so that's why i mean there are many reasons why children relate one it didn't look like they were the biggest risk group and 2 we rarely start with children for many drugs to be studied in the 1st place. a lot of the trials haven't involved that's all right so it's only really the biotech vaccine that has been tested on children but it takes a long time to get the other vaccines available for children. well there are trials that have been ongoing the astra zeneca child vaccine has just been halted for a little while but mcgurn has got one going on there are other companies that are doing the same thing and it's like a sequential thing i have to get my adult stuff trials done and those ones done then i have to go on and i will do older children and then i will do that middle

aged children and then i do a little children so even with pfizer only down to 12 years we haven't done the 5 to 11 year olds yet trial has just started and they've just started rolling out we probably won't have that data into a maybe late june early july as you mention there are crucial difference between vaccinating children and vaccinating adults is that it's not the person who's being back to vaccinate the you've got to persuade it's in their interest right you've got to persuade parents it's not harder than persuading a parent to get themselves vaccinations. well let me let me ask you a different question if you were watching a child your child being given a needle would you rather have the needle yourself or your child have the needle and most of us as parents would always like to protect our children from anything that's going to cause them pain ok so to volunteer your child to come forward to be in a study that a lot of parents are

a little more cautious about that now i have to give you another piece when they did this study for 12 to 15 year olds not only did the parents have to give consent but the child themselves a 12 or 15 year old have to say and i agree to that i will be participating in this so it's a 2 for that one that they need to get consent from if it's a 5 year old well if the child when running out of the room it's unlikely he would be continued into it he would get enrolled in the child but you have to persuade the child that it's going to be ok and most children don't like needles they've had immunizations of the past they know it hurts and they're not keen to do this you mentioned about children not liking needles we recently did a program on the college 1000 special about nasal spray vaccines and what hope they can offer is that something that is going to be a breakthrough for vaccinating children. any vaccine that could be given not with a needle is a breakthrough not just for children but there are 10 to 15 percent of adults who

really don't like needles either so it would be a breakthrough period for giving vaccines there has been some data in the past on nasal spray vaccines that was one maybe 2530 years ago the flu vaccine that did cause a problem had a serious side effect but the more recent versions of the flu vaccine have been very acceptable for children and they much prefer it to the needle so this would be a big step forward but there's other technologies that are being trying to be developed micro patch ones where they're little tiny micro needles that you don't even feel like putting a band-aid on and again any of these new ones that don't have needles and if they can be shown to be effective when they're being done would be a wonderful step forward if i can just take a bit of a size step away from children and talk about pregnant women a lot of countries are not offering vaccines to pregnant women is that something

that needs to happen. pregnant women are like children they're always the last into clinical trials for vaccines they're always the last into clinical trials for drugs and that's a real problem for us so just as a comment in general about pregnant women need any of the drugs that are used to manage women in pregnancy there are very very old drugs and it would be terrific if we had better drugs that could be used but everybody super cautious about doing anything in pregnant women probably left over from the whole philip my disaster but is that now 40 years ago and they're very very worried because we are the know with all pregnancies there's always the risk of spontaneous abortion there's always the risk of something going wrong with the fetus so people are are worried that i have to compare what would happen if no drug was given to her compare what's happening with my drug and most parents pregnant women really want to optimize the chance for

their baby to be the best it could be so not always super keen to be in a clinical trial. and a mcdonald's that is the boss of the program where you get to ask the questions to a science correspondent directly. can you get infected by a single droplet or does it take more than that. this seemingly straightforward question turned into a real rabbit hole for me because it's so interwoven with so many other issues a lot of them involve the still open questions surrounding variants do some of them need fewer viruses to kickstart an infection is that why some variants are proving to be so much more transmissible then there's the question of whether the dose of virus you were exposed to influences disease severity so so whether

a low dose exposure maybe means you end up asymptomatic and a high dose exposure may be that you end up in the hospital and how do you explain what are known as super spreaders and the small percentage of infected people who experts think contribute in a really big way to numbers of subsequent cases all of those questions are closely tied to this seemingly simple one of how many aerosols in other words how much myra's it takes exactly to infect someone. so there's plenty of theory and postulation out there but the only way to really even begin to define some parameters is under controlled circumstances and what that boils down to is that researchers have to infect some people intentionally with

varying amounts of sars kopi to in order to see what happens next studies like that are called human challenge trials and and their ethical minefields one involving covert 19 that's received a lot of coverage has been going on in britain for a couple of months now with the help of some brave healthy volunteers between 18 and 30 its 1st goal is to figure out the lowest possible dose of virus needed to reliably cause viral replication in the nose and the throat in other words a measurable infection i'd expect at least at least a preliminary study telling us more to be published by this summer some time. and just before we go it turns out that single use paper masks aren't quite the

fashion disaster that some people seem to think they are a dodge visual artist says she's created the perfect outfit for her vaccination day a ball gown made entirely of her used face masks marion's says she wants to make sure she shows up for the g. having style she hopes her outfit willing courage people to get vaccinated and includes protective gloves handbag and naturally a face mask. that's all from this covered $900.00 special to provide. me for. old loves us turn out in the morning climb a tree and different off the stores this is my place to wait for the 1st one a week. before it can really get. we still have time to where i'm going.

what i said. and you hear me no no yes we're going to do you and i love steers general song so now we bring you uncle our man call and you've never thought have surprised yourself with what is possible clues for medical relief what moves that all suck up to talk to people and follow along the way maurice and critics alike join us from adult life stops. coming up china's conflict with the west over the treatment of its we go muslim minority sports to the cultural world we'll have analysis on how beijing is increasingly using the arts and media to dispel western criticism and also on the show. the sculptor who is also a speed management the profile of the british artist francis.

welcome to arts and culture now on wednesday the g 7 nations wrapped up their 1st in person summit in 2 years and they closed it by officially accusing china of human rights abuses against its minority we get muslim population is the latest step to condemn what an increasing number of countries according not only marginalization and persecution but even genocide facing a future all western criticism its campaign against it recently turned it to cinema as seen in a film set in the northwestern jiang region the main home of the week people. critics call this chinese movie showcasing the life of muslims a whitewash. they say the chinese state sponsored music oh the wings of songs is designed to deflect criticism of the government's policies in providence.

a we go back and a hand chinese man come together to fulfill the musical dream the film is big on spectacle but has no room for the human rights abuses beijing has been accused of. the reality for weaker muslims looks rather different more than a 1000000 have been detained in camps across province a recent schuman rights watch report says that the oppression of the majority muslim population inching junk has reached unprecedented levels and has included the destruction of mosques and harsh prison sentences for simply sharing islamic religious material. china at 1st denied the existence of the camps but later defended them as training programs and part of its counterterrorism program. in mid ip. china's state owned c g t and released

a documentary about life in xing geria presenting prosperity freedom of choice and opportunities for muslim. activists have condemned it as a gruesome distortion of reality. to not to unpack where and how we do that the reporter william yang joins me now from taipei welcome to arts and culture we now let's start by talking about the musical film we saw in that report the wings of songs it seems to be putting out the message will equal the same but it's that portrait of sameness that's part of the problem right. right exactly about the chinese government's attempt to really push back against the accusations and the portrayal and the recognition of what has been going on and she jumped in 2017 they wanted the world to believe the unity of the ethnic groups are as tight as. that is according to china's own

official media and then like in this movie and musical what we're seeing actually is a very strange reality which is that although we man are actually not having any of that beard and they are drinking beer and at the same time all the women are dressing in very modern style dresses and we don't see be you know like traditional muslim headscarves so all of the elements of islam has basically been wiped out in this film and this is the reality china wants to the world to know which is. that islamic influence is just like something that people need right now and there's a fine line isn't there between not acknowledging differences and punishing it and this is not the 1st time beijing has used a cultural proper form as a propaganda tool. right so last year actually

a photo exhibition outside the human rights council in geneva to showcase again their version of the show which is the unity and people happy dancing in scene there is no trace at all any kind of of the depiction that have been going on in the western media and western research reports over the last few years and they repeated again in beijing to try to strengthen the message that they're trying to say which is that the western media and the western countries have have been you know creating lies and smearing them with smear campaigns but rather this is the version of the show that they want the world to know which is unity happiness them people being lifted out of poverty and flying the modernization ok as you say beijing has denied all accusations of human rights abuses against the weak of people including the latest one made at the g. 7 summit i mean they've more or less told the g 7 countries to mind their own

business one of the main tools beijing has used to disparage this criticism is social media you've looked into this extensively william tell us about the mechanism that. so this all started with chinese government diplomats and their spokespersons and other government officials using their personal twitter account which ironically this twitter social media platform is being blocked in china but they used it as a way to reach out to the world and to really spread their propaganda and when they realize that these attempts are not really working and resonating with the western world and western social media users they then go to french media outlets in the western world that has a similar narrative and ideology with them and use those reports which oftentimes are discrediting or deep bunking the so-called researchers by several leading journalists or researchers as a way to justify and claim that there are people in the western world that are

telling seem story as we do so that is a way for them to try to justify and legitimize the you know that their version of this change on and then when that also did not work they then use a state media run company to hire a marketing firm to create all these like short videos that is presenting singing and happy we are people or we are people thanking the government thanking the communist party as a way to spread that message and how they do that is creating all these i fake accounts on you tube and also on twitter but. you know like these videos a far as they become afraid we're going to have to leave it there thank you so much for your analysis we'll keep an eye on we see on those developments we man from taipei office thank you so much. as pandemic lock downs continue to ease in britain london's victorian albert museum is

preparing to reopen by unveiling a new look for its raphael caught the gallery is home to the rough cartoons paintings the renaissance artists created in the 16th century as designs for tapestries commissioned by pope leo the 10th and the 7 of 10 original designs survived they were loaned to the museum by queen victoria in 865 the renovations to the gallery included a darker color and improved lighting. i now want to football or be bremner back to derek jack ruby and the queen have in common they've all been immortalized in bronze by francis siegelman and they didn't have to wait long because the british sculptor doesn't hang about famously her sittings lasts just 2 hours in a career spanning 3 decades siegelman has made dozens of works the accolades keep pouring in as do the commissions. violin maverick nigel

kennedy prime minister boris johnson and other members of british society when sculptor francis siegel mommy enters her studio in east london she always has silent observers she's working on a private commission for 72 year old has always been at home in art it's like she started as a hobby and while my life i was an artist because i come from a very very background i took up a little class where my hug my 2 little children and then from about minute always i was completely obsessed with sculpture i'd never want to stop working and then want to stop doing it and only in about 30 years ago 32 years ago i started doing it as a career and. her special talent is working quickly she can sculpt a bust in about 2 hours. siegelman often works in front of an audience for charity such as with these pieces british film diva joan collins russian ballet dancer

sergei polo and british actress joanna lumley. i love working in an audience. i'm not very keen on being my own studio which is quite strange but i have to have positive thinking all the way through the 2 hours otherwise the sculpture doesn't work. in the year 2000 francis siegelman was commissioned to sculpt prince philip the queen herself followed in 2007 since then officially a royal sculptor she has also immortalized prince charles and princess sand in bronze. working with the queen was the absolute most amazing thing i've ever done it was incredible. she is such a lovely woman and obviously it was very nerve wracking because like i measure all the time with calipers and i had to get to hair and her face to get the

measurements and i was very very. over the course of a year frances siegelman had 3 sessions with the queen at buckingham palace the bust was unveiled personally by her majesty in 2008. but she not only betrays nobility and celebrities she is also working on a series that means a lot to her since 2017 she's been sculpting the heads of holocaust survivors thereby creating lasting memorials to them. i thought that i wouldn't be able to cope with the feelings you know when i was sculpting ivor he said to me can i call you mother he said because i feel the same you give me a new life you know that my life hasn't finished and it will go on and. it was all i needed i was completely hooked and i just felt like these people are dying i'm going to do as many as i can. at this live event by the thames the audience is only

virtually present francis siegelman will sculpt a portrait of mahler trebinje born in 1932 missions by the holocaust memorial center yard vashem. it's something i would normally have so. i took well to i have to say now probably find it interesting watching. this because it's very skillful and she's obviously got to be so quick within 2 hours she more to lies is the face of the holocaust survivor and clay. the resemblance is impressive. when i sing it's a very good likeness and i'm usually quite fussy about it was other people don't know i. think that probably looks much much of the.

later it will be cast in bronze so knowledge of each and other holocaust survivors will live on for a future generations' true the work of francis siegel my. what an impressive body of work if you want to find out about any of our stories you check out our website that's d.w. dot com slash culture thanks for watching and please join us again next time.

good. good. good. to. come. to the point of strong opinion a clear position on some international perspective some odd number of museums here in germany have large collections of songwriting and african arts where the government here is now talking about returning at least some over the priceless treasures to look out for a car so why has it taken so long find out on to the post trauma to the point

there's a constant coming in 3rd in the us on t.w. . are you ready for some great news i'm pristine wonderland on the i m f you mike a genius with a brand new dean of the news africa the show that tackles the issues shaping the hamas now with more time to also bought into the bill caught on the tram stop the talk to you what's making the hittites and what's behind the way on the streets to give you enough reports on the inside. w. news africa every friday on g.w. . but i ain't. the dipsy couple a day about a little old for over gretchen home the 4th time from the most missing man that he came up with at least about on the ballets at the nasa dragon those words called

the hard. to agree but. in many countries education is still a privilege poverty is one of the main causes some young children black in my interests instead of going to class and use can attend classes come late have to be finished making. millions of children all over the world who can't go to school. we ask why. because education makes the world more just. make up your own mind. made for minds.

this is. from berlin tonight will it mean more and faster vaccinations the united states says it now supports waiving patent protection for 19 vaccines for germany is pushing back the chancellor merkel saying this. is not the solution to vaccine shortages also coming up tonight despite fears that it could further divide society

legislation to be exempt the fully immunized from some cope with restrictions is set to become wall here in germany and a 1st.