they had hoped for more security more freedom more dignity. have their hopes been fulfilled. 10 years after the arab spring. rebellion starts june 7th on d w. markets get a boost from new figures out of china exports there remaining strong as business and consumer activity picks up in many parts of the world. also want to show they've endured a recession a financial crisis and now pandemic europe's youngest workers are crisis hardened and they're entering a changed job market. and everyone knows germany's car country but not everyone in the capital is a fan well in a campaign to close off berlin to car traffic. load welcome to the show i'm steve

guernsey in berlin where global markets are trading up following another batch of strong figures out of china where exports in april surged by almost 10 percent to 264000000000 dollars from the previous month that has global demand for chinese electronics medical equipment and clothes increase around the world trade imports dipped by roughly 3 percent to from march rather to $221000000000.00 but they've seen strong recovery from a year earlier the country's importing more machines and raw materials like oil and or of china's trade surplus stands at $43000000000.00 for the month in terms of trading partners the southeast asian nations of the group remain the largest followed by the european union the u.s. and japan for more this is go to our financial correspondent frankfurt chelsea to lanie chelsea another strong month for chinese exports how long can this kind of growth continue. china already has been

reporting very strong trade figures for the last several months and the main reason for that is they were one of the 1st countries to get coronavirus under control they were one of the 1st countries to restart factories and really see economic rebound that has been benefiting their trade data particularly their export data for the last several months we are starting to see a bit of a slowdown and that trade recovery though in part because other economies now were also starting to recover so the growth is still happening now there is still a lot of demand and we're still seeing this for example in the earnings reports of a lot of companies there saying china still is really their strongest export market but it will start to level out in the months ahead a little bit closer to home we're also seeing some strong export figures or some growth at least in german exports from march i believe what can you tell us about the. well germany reported a 1.2 percent increase in exports and march compared to february so not as

explosive as the 10 percent increase we saw in china but still this was about twice as big of an increase as the economists had been expecting and germany is really benefiting one from the chinese market the growth in the chinese market but also from the u.s. in march they saw their exports to be u.s. rise with by about 17 percent that's likely because the u.s. economy now is also starting to recover as it the able to reopen so germany has been very export dependent and in the past couple of months their manufacturing sector is really what's been driving the economy here as the services sector and a lockdown measures for now that seems to be continuing all right if you are looking for signs of recovery chelsea delaney in frankfurt thank you. we often talk about recovery in terms of economic output but g.d.p. doesn't track jobs many of which in europe in the u.s. or in service sectors that may not contribute much to economic output in crisis

times like these it's the outside edges of the labor force that often suffer the most such as older workers and in the case of this next piece those who are just starting to work. when it comes to business they've cracked it because it is a dora took over this not store from his parents modernizing it to cater to a growing demand for healthier snacks. become us with us to. study something unrelated and to be honest the crisis helped our decision to run the shop and so pistachios. nikos is interested in nutrition and disco friend is a dora gave up her job as a physical therapist to work in the business in ne then a lot of people like us can't be satisfied with the jobs on offer and what they pay that's why i think it's the right time to take advantage of the chance to build something of our own. building their own future increase.

in power a c.e.o. class took the leap of faith after their studies and founded their own company adventists which develops medical software used to analyze the brain. i always wanted to work in research but there was a very limited number of jobs increase. so the only solution for me was to build something for myself that is to create my own job. they founded the company in 2016 in spite of economic crises and the coronavirus pandemic they've expanded and have customers around the world they have 11 employees with an average age of $28.00. if you think our generation to survive quite a few crises that's formed our personality and helps us to make something out of nothing what's changed we're trying to do business to find new things to recognize demand and to be innovative greece's government recognizes the potential it's

promoting startups and investment in research and development. we're confident that our investment in time. central incentives will create human ports and new jobs which will allow us on the one hand to develop scientific potential in greece and on the other to lure back many young greeks who have moved abroad. is there dora are confident that they can make a living in their home country and that greece can offer other young innovators a bright future to. the youth researcher and publisher of studies including young germans and young austrians he joins me from his home in southern germany 0 good to have you on the show young europeans have drawn up across several crises including the recession the debt crisis and now krone what kinds of challenges do they face as they enter the job market for. the difficulty for young people today is that when they are they're studying they're in school and

they feel like the degree that they will get off to spend on it will be valuable that must last compared to prior years so. that salman's is ensuring the market is there not only having a lesser degree but they feel like they are isolated scheme oxidative so how much of it can you be when you apply for a job it will be a challenge because the labor market will be a challenge to you for them and if you have yourself concerns about how good you are not find make even worse and we just saw several stories out of greece is the situation similar across europe. but definitely it is difficult different because labor market for example i slowly intensively germany austria and switzerland has been pretty good before the crisis so it will be easier for these

economies to recover for the labor markets to be open again but in southern europe the situation has been pretty difficult before that already and so. it will be hard and i see that the. shift toward small entrepreneurship will be will be strong because there are no perspectives for young people in the labor market there are perspectives but it is hard to get them and there is more competition for these jobs so when you call the upcoming generation which is going from school to secondary studies and choosing its path you call it generation reset what you mean with. reset has to size the one is the reset personally and the other one is based on the system reset because whenever young people today plan things they plan 123 steps and they feel like they have to go back to where they saw it over and over again but young people today feel like they are victims of this

crisis they feel like they don't participate they are not engaged in finding solutions in showing opening up her spectacles this is just happening somewhere so when i refer to a generation reset it's about this generation feeling like well the system has not been good for us we need to reboot it but we feel like we have no play in it so when we look into the future we need to engage young people more we need to give them perspectives and it is so easy to engage that's all right let's give them more play in the overcoming of this crisis youth researchers you want to thank you very much. thank you for the. let's take a look now at some of the other business stories making headlines. tesla has told a california regulator that it may not achieve full self driving technology by the end of 2021 that goes against what had previously been suggested by c u c e

o rather a long lost tesla's autonomous driving technology is in the spotlight of the recent crashers. zeman says raised its profit expectations for 2021 after reporting strong growth from january to march the conglomerate's industrial business grew by 31 percent compared with this time last year to men in china as well as increased growth in the company's health care unit helped power those results. the us federal reserve is warning that prices of stocks and other financial assets are rising to levels that could set investors up for big losses from sudden declines the fed notes that besides stocks crypto currencies and other risky assets have risen dramatically in value since november. well for important changes in city mobility from bike shares to electric scooters and electric cars now in berlin one group of activists is pushing for a much bigger change they want to referendum on removing cars from the city

altogether take a look. at the capital city without cars it's certainly a radical idea but it's one which these activists want to see become reality. they're gathering signatures from citizens in the city hoping to force a referendum on whether much of berlin should become practically carefree with only essential traffic allowed. that's a good hour there were stuff for example traffic from businesses also public transport and ambulances garbage collection taxis will be able to keep driving but the regular daily traffic to go shopping or go to work that should stop. that fire for years berlin has had a real problem with air pollution but the activists behind berlin carefree do not just have environmental goals they believe the taking cars off the streets will improve public spaces and quality of life as a whole. if successful berlin would become the world's largest of

a reduced zone. but germany as a nation remains mad for cars and a movement like this faces serious opposition. to what is in the way that this was presented and in the way that this initiative to reduce traffic in the city in those ways it is totally unreasonable. it is basically nothing else other than an elimination of the mobility and mobile rights of the citizens we think that is clearly going too far. as. the. ultimate plea they will need $175000.00 signatures in less than a year to have the issue put to the people. should it get that far berliners will have a big decision to make. here's a reminder of our top story this hour. another side the child is economy is leaving a pandemic behind countries are sports growing more than expected as global demand for chinese electronics rises and imports fell slightly better off over the year.

reza from the energy to be business here bill and as always you can find out more about these and other business stories online t w dot com slash business check us out on facebook and twitter as well i'm sick birds and face watching. the phone against the coronavirus pandemic. has the rate of infection been developing what does the latest research say. information and context the coronavirus update 19. next on t w. n u you may know years years we can hear you and how the last years german chancellor will bring new angle a makeover as you've never have before surprise yourself with what is possible who

is medical really what moves and. who talks to people who follow along the way admirers and critics alike how is the world's most powerful woman shaking her legacy joining us from eccles last stop. taxing nations save children's lives they protect them against diseases like measles and polio but so far not against covered 19 that could soon change many countries are considering vaccinating kids 12 and above against coronavirus thousands have already taken part in trials. usually. i'm just at home doing online school and there's not much i can really do to fight back yes the virus. and with the results proving extremely successful researches and now looking at even

younger age groups. such as them will soon start to be vaccinated against the corona virus canada has authorized the biotech pfizer job for ages 12 and up jason kenney the premier of the worst hit province. says it will begin in organizing schoolchildren on monday canada has faced criticism for its slow pace of vaccinations despite having quite a large stockpile. his prime minister just in getting his job around the 50 cases in kind of a half in recorded in people under the age of 19 other countries including the us to utah supreme charge backs and i should say. more from all we're joined by dr noni mcdonald professor of pediatrics and infectious diseases at dalhousie university. health center in halifax nova scotia thank you very much for joining us

on this cover 19 special can you just explain to us why we're only now seeing vaccines being approved for children and teenagers it's not a surprise at all rob the big point was when we looked at the epidemiology for covert disease and who died it was absolutely adults especially older adults it was not children so in contrast to other diseases which were killing a lot of children in the past or having the worst disease like polio was much more a problem for young children than it was for adult depression respond to get a vaccine for adults 1st. but do they take into account the fact that children could potentially be spreading coronavirus. they were looking at that but they were not as big spreaders it's not like influenza were with influenza school age kids are it they just moved out virus around like no tomorrow but for

coverage again and they were kids were not the big big spreaders there's now which we didn't know at the beginning there's now some data to show that children in general he's part of the reason they don't get such bad to see says they do have a different immune response to to the virus than old people like myself and they also don't have the same angiotensin enzyme converting enzyme in their lungs which the virus when it gets in there that's one of the ways in so there were 2 reasons why they didn't get such bad disease and the other piece i wanted to just jump in on is that when we do drugs we almost always start with adults because they can have permission when you're doing your trials there they're given permission for themselves where if we're going to do a trial in a child we have to have the parents' permission to do it in the child and the 1st thing they always ask is well what's the safety for adults for this so that's why i

mean there are many reasons why children relate one it didn't look like they were the biggest risk group and 2 we rarely start with children for many drugs to be studied in the 1st place as you mentioned a lot of the trials haven't involved so right so it's only really the. same has been tested on children when you take a long time to get the other vaccines available for children. well there are trials that have been ongoing the astra zeneca child vaccine has just been halted for a little while but mcgurn has got one going on there are other companies that are doing the same thing and it's like a sequential thing i have to get my adult stuff trials done and those ones done then i have to go on and i will do older children and then i will do that middle aged children and then i do a little children so even with fines are only down to 12 years we haven't done the 5 to 11 year olds yet trial has just started and they've just started rolling we

probably won't have that data into a maybe late june early july as you mention there are crucial difference between vaccinating children vaccinated i don't see is that it's not the person who's being backed vaccinated the you've got to persuade it's in their interest right you've got to persuade parents it's not harder than persuading a parent to get themselves vaccinated. well let me let me ask you a different question if you were watching a child your child being given a needle would you rather have the needle yourself or your child have the needle and most of us as parents would always like to protect our children from anything that's going to cause them pain ok so to volunteer your child to come forward to be in a study that a lot of parents are a little more cautious about that now i have to give you another piece when they did this study for 12 to 15 year olds not only did the parents have to give consent but the child themselves

a 12 to 15 year old have to say and i agree to that i will be participating in this so it's a twofer for that one that they need to get consent from if it's a 5 year old well if the child when running out of the room it's unlikely he would be continued he would get enrolled in the child but you have to persuade the child that it's going to be ok and most children don't like needles they've had immunizations of the past they know it hurts and they're not keen to do this you mentioned about children not liking needles we recently did a program on the color 1000 special about snail spray vaccines and what hope they can offer is that something that is going to be a breakthrough for vaccinating children. any vaccine that could be given not with a needle is a breakthrough not just for children but there are 10 to 15 percent of adults who really don't like needles either so it would be a breakthrough period for giving back seems there has been some data in the past on

nasal spray vaccines that was one maybe 2530 years ago the flu vaccine that did cause a problem had a serious side effect but the more recent versions of the flu vaccine have been very acceptable for children and they much prefer it to the needle so this would be a big step forward but there's other technologies that are being trying to be developed micro patch ones where they're little tiny micro needles that you don't even feel like putting a band-aid on and again any of these new ones that don't have needles and if they can shown to be effective when they're being done would be a wonderful step forward if i can just take a bit of a side step away from children and talk about pregnant women a lot of countries are not offering vaccines to pregnant women is that something that needs to happen. pregnant women are like children they're always the last into clinical trials for vaccines they're always the last stage of clinical trials

for drugs and that's a real problem for us so it's just a sad comment in general about pregnant women need any of the drugs that are used to manage women in pregnancy there are very very old drugs and it would be terrific if we had better drugs that could be used but everybody super cautious about doing anything in pregnant women probably left over from the hope for a little my disaster but is that now 40 years ago and they're very very worried because we are the know with all pregnancies there's always the risk of spontaneous abortion there's always the risk of something going wrong with the fetus so people are all are worried that i have to compare what would happen if no drug was given to peer compare what's happening with my drug and most parents pregnant women really want to optimize the chance for their baby to be the best it could be so not always super king to be in a clinical trial focus on

a mcdonald's that is the boss of the program where you get to ask the questions to a science correspondent directly. can you get infected by a single droplet or does it take more than. this seemingly straightforward question turned into a real rabbit hole for me because it's so interwoven with so many other issues a lot of the. involve the still open questions surrounding variance do some of them need fewer viruses to kickstart an infection is that why some variants are proving to be so much more transmissible then there's the question of whether the dose of virus you were exposed to influences disease severity so so whether a low dose exposure maybe means you end up asymptomatic and

a high dose exposure may be that you end up in the hospital and how do you explain what are known as super spreaders the small percentage of infected people who experts think contribute in a really big way to numbers of subsequent cases all of those questions are closely tied to the simming lee simple one of how many aerosols in other words how much myra's it takes exactly to infect someone. so there's plenty of theory and postulation out there but the only way to really even begin to define some parameters is under controlled circumstances and what that boils down to is that researchers have to infect some people intentionally with varying amounts of sars coby to in order to see what happens next studies like that are called human challenge trials and and their ethical minefields one

involving covert 19 that's received a lot of coverage has been going on in britain for a couple of months now with the help of some brave healthy volunteers between 18 and 30 its 1st goal is to figure out the lowest possible dose of virus needed to reliably cause viral replication in the nose and the throat in other words a measurable infection i'd expect at least at least a preliminary study telling us more to be published by this summer sometime. and just before we go it turns out that single use paper masks aren't quite the fashion disaster that some people seem to think they are a dodge visual artist says she's created the perfect outfit for her vaccination day a ball gown made entirely of her used face masks marian says she wants to make sure

she shows up for the job in style she hopes her outfit willing courage people to get vaccinated and includes protective gloves how did back and naturally face us. that's all from this coming 19 special divine. through.

true the point was a strong opinion a clear position on some international perspective submit a number of museums here in germany have a large collections of forgotten run african arts where the government here is now talking about returning at least some of both of the priceless treasure is to africa so why has it taken so long to find out on to the post trauma to the point is a. good thing in 3 minutes on a t w. in good shape. sometimes it's not easy

to get that and doing the things we wish to do. how come we get into the flow. there with math it involves craving exercises and positive thinking to how best to get things moving. good shape. 90 minutes w. . how does a virus spread. why do we panic and when will all of this. just 3 of the topics covered and the weekly. if you would like more information on the crawl of virus or any other science topic you should really

check out our podcast you can get it wherever you get your podcast you can also find us at dot com slash science. good news crime fighters are back to africa's most successful radio drama series continues this season for stories focus on hate speech cholera prevention and sustainable charcoal production. all of a sow's are available online and of course you can share and discuss on africa's facebook page and other social media platforms. crime fighters tune in now.

this is the w. news live from berlin india consing to counsel for. more than 400000 new coronavirus for the 2nd straight day aid is getting through but experts fear the worst before. the program. spills. struggling with a record surge and.