you know, watching w news. i'll see read doc film is up next after a short break. stay tuned for that problem. fully elliana will bring you the headlines at the top of the hour and you can always get more news and analysis on our website. that's the w dot com. i'm rebecca griffin's in berlin. thanks very much for joining the we're all set to go on. we're all in. as we take on the we're all about the story that matter to police my follow over the fire made me

the the who's in september 1943 rugs occupied by the nazis. this is the order of business to ground up the choose and he can capital thousands scrambled for a place to hide the fled money into the doors, the catholic hospital under the care of 3 doctors to risk their own lives to protect them. the news,

the doctors had taken an oath to preserve life. they thought this duty no matter what, because they knew what their site might be. ah, stethoscopes and daring. these doctors confined to food, not with the deadly contagious sake. the thing they called it in dr. k. the motor, when he got buddy and that's why syndrome k was indentured. my father said i had to save those lives and it was my duty. i'm a doctor. i did my duty as a doctor. ah. what are you always wins? oh, the news

the rumors about the murder of jews in the east and death camps and shootings was something that roman jury heard about knew about. however, it felt far away to them because up until this point until october 1943, they'd been subject to restrictions and discrimination since 938 since the italian rate was if they had not been subject to physical danger. one contemporary said that all of rome was divided into half. those who are hiding in those who are rescuing the hidden patient with the church did little to help. pope pius did very little. he did something but very little it's open self. he's the

bishop of rome and the shepherd of all catholics around the world. he's also had of a bad a can city is, is the city state and practices politics like any city didn't can you can visit is 5. you can city schools from states in the world, my area and population, but not in terms of influence. the holy see of room is the curious diction of the pope in world affairs. became crucial during the war, especially during the nazi occupation. the holy scene needed to maintain some little diplomatic relations with the nazi occupying. 3 clubs, just the way in the shadow was the vatican, nestled on tiny tiber rod and from it the 450 year old hospital run by catholic fries and controlled by the vatican. the fact the benefit hospital,

the italian name means do good brothers. the times the not feel you patient it was run by a catholic, doctor named giovanni, bought a male and it became a sign of the greatest during the court. and now jemma though. now, my father, giovanni bro, mail received a call from a young prior from a hospital and this young man whose name was brother, my rich, he'll be eric wanted to transform this institution into a real hospital. so late, he said, so you are chief position of a hospital, but you have no hospital and i in turn have a hospital, but no chief physician. so what happened? no emotion rained thought is, let's take a step back. in 1938, italy began to enforce racial laws based on the notion that the jews were a separate race, an inferior race in the video name is that

a gentleman, jo, and there was a young doctor named victoria such a doughty he was a head physician at the public hospital in and corner the been the route that he maddie or the corner video that i'm there for. it was a period of great frustration because i no longer had my personality. like all the bad stuff we had become 3rd, 4th class citizens, if not work. so we had nothing. i ventured into the unknown apple. i didn't know anyone showing us she's at a certain point. they were forced to fire victoria such a dodgy guy because he was a jewel. does he have video at the office? my uncle was a professor at the school of medicine in general pathology. and one of his students was the head physician of the fact they've been in for a tele hospital in rome. professor born a male borrow mail with

a strict catholic on the anti fascist months if i knew about it. so he found my father and said, listen, i'm sending dr. such a dog. i hope you can somehow find a position for him. the mother was yes, me. ah, yeah, a lot of the audio. but then the head physician shook my hand and then turned to the friar. brother joseph, a smock for the doctor. at that moment, i knew that life had changed for me. from being nothing, i had my personality bath that was my 1st encounter with people on a level i got the data in the terrible war started on may 22nd. 1959 germany and italy formed an alliance known as the pact to

the packet. and then going to july brought us news of the invasion officially. july 9th, 943, spearheaded by the united states. the allies began their mccallion campaign with the invasion officially. they needed to make their way to rome. it would prove to be a low and bloody undertaking. they were fighting against when germany skimmed military strategist, albert carefully the command charged with defending italy for me. when general eisenhower lacey italian surrender has surrendered its i'm unable to make the least amended. hitler sent catherine to secure around. he was responsible for the destruction of the films that the

nazis were going to do. the same to run that they were running and shouting, the germans are coming. the germans are coming with the not the strong hold on. it was influenced permeated, and eventually the highest office of the catholic church and the vertical receipt of pope pius the 12 lord at let's see. do you do that during the fascist period in rome? the situation was very complicated. key 40 because pope pius the 12 never officially intervene, that he won't know, never mind that have been pious for 12 tried to steer this course of neutrality. he received a german diplomat all the time and tried to maintain that neutrality at all costs. capable of pope was afraid even the priests were afraid,

but he shouldn't have been afraid. he was the pope fear was something that no one could hide from. during this time. plants was one of the most influential spiritual leaders. but that didn't make him immune from politics. he was negotiating with hitler, the most feared man in the world. one wrong move could have tremendous life threatening repercussions. ah. the hospital was less than 200 meters away from the jewish ghetto. the connection had always been closed beyond mere proximity. but that relationship was been tested to the vatican pilot. ah. they also hired me because fact they've been in for a tele hospital belonged to the vatican back then. but it was outside italy for a full 100 years. the hospital had to untie burn island, which literally stood as a bridge between cynical room and the vatican. on the other side,

a lot out from i live i the rumor spread that they've been telling it there was a jewish doctor. maybe we're going to quickly within the jewish community, that borrow mail would blend them a hand that he was around. i think actually the a factor of the existence of hundreds of churches monasteries where jews could hide, where they could knock on the door and ask for help is unusual in one city, one doesn't typically have such a huge collection of, of religious bodies and colleges and places like that where, where you could turn him maybe she can often with him. i was a get together of like minded dr. we'd need up in the analysis lab. each one had his own viewpoint, then came young, genial disease. have you heard of him out of years?

i am a psychiatrist. i am 100 percent roman. i think my head to be careful to hide it because the fascists were smart. they were not cheap and still the policy genie had been in jail. adriano genie was an outspoken anti fascist. before he began working at the fed benefit daily with his rebellious streak, he rallied others to fight back against the fascist regime. to balance the young doctor, the authorities had a she need a resources and held in prison. the 2nd thing is they beat me with bags full of sand so the bruises wouldn't show. obviously it was better to give up the mountain and in general, the nazis were a lot harder on italian. and they wanted to show us that they were the real fashion that the when they

beat me so much that i have a whole right here in my ribcage. strong connection to the vatican of the keeney released in the name of the building. but we fooled them despite his detention, the young 2 would not be silenced. as part of the resistance movement, the ceiling or national liberation committee. also cheney took up arms to help defend drawn from the nazis. it didn't work on september the 8th. 1943. the germans occupied run off of the movies on september 8th with a dramatic day for us that they've been in for tele and i had gone for a walk. and at 1st i saw a whole lot of people coming. they were running and shouting,

the germans are coming, the germans are coming up. i wish they had found it. i think i could hear huge bomb blasts, call it the bomb. so i went back to the hospital and soon the wounded started coming in the city. so for, for the roman jewish community, it difficult to imagine that that physical danger was going to come to rome. and when it, when it did in the form of, of the nazi it's difficult for them to believe that they to work in that same kind of danger and the whole lot of them, but after the armistice on september 8th, when the germans occupied roman 1943. i don't know if we dr. shut ourselves in the hospital. we slept there. thought they'd been in front tally was a powder. never settled out in the hospital. we had a clandestine radio coolie for new towns now and

then some generals would sneak in to use it all. yeah. they were in hiding and they kept contact with the resistant guy, guys, and why had organized declared destiny radio communicate with green, dizzy, wherein allied command center was the doctors, one of the hiding jewish refugees in the hospital supplied guns and information was smuggled in and out on a regular basis because they sci fi is what led many to seek protection in the hospital. initially the threat was posed by the police, bought off the germans occupied room, the nazis brought in their own policing unit to shoot stuff for known as the ss which had begun as hitler's personal handpicked bodyguard placed by henry himmler. it became the most feed organization throughout europe using

storage, anti semitism and brutality as its main weapon. chief of the syndrome habit kaplan kepler had wooden through the ranks of the best because he was smart and ruthless. he get the october rate on the jewish ghetto, into ported more than $1000.00 italian wits. but he didn't stop their contemporary accounts. talk about german soldiers actually being fairly friendly. they had demanded 50 kilograms of gold from the jewish community in exchange for protection . the jewish community of rome to gather the 50 kilograms of gold. in fact, little bit more and were given the false impression that this would secure their protection. and really it was just a ruth by the nazis who had planned to be rounding up and trying to the court italian and him there and also band or just out of the when the issue with the gold

started, i was the fact that been in tele, hospital our already sleeping there about their lives. i told everyone i could well don't trust them. what about but they all thought they were safe because they've given them their goal. the or maggie was up on the 16th $943.00 p. s is graded, the jewish ghetto. my mother dressed me and my brother who was 3 years younger than me. and we escaped. scott said that pious the 12 with a prayer, when he was alerted early in the morning of october 16th round up and that he was taken by surprise. go away him. what is all though? we were small children, we sense that we were escaping from someone or something. noise, but we didn't understand who we were escaping from

a law or why keith. they come out of a fire came calling me and i thought it was for some patients without admissions, but he said doctor, come and they're taking the jews away. call them a little bit longer. so we ran to the analysis lab which looked out on the piano sand. bartolomeo event, a little, somebody on a busy, and we saw a tall german at that with a machine gun and dragging a little boy away. when i went to the bay, as the jews were being rated, there was this mother screaming to her child to run away the most painful you run away, does it run away and the child ran away. now we just come in as the, the nazis had no respect for anyone. so she's at least do any of that. and we could

see from via the 10 p o all these groups of june. but for the most part, women, children, and elderly people with just a little luggage every night. and they were dragged away in front of the synagogue, sort of what they say. i'm learning with the jewish community in rome at that time was approximately 13000 people. and on october 16th, over a 1000, were deported to see that the jewish community around was so strong as a light on one another. and this was a factor in having the courage and the confidence to resist to highs. it's not that there were some phone calls and people started escaping monasteries con, been neighbors of all kinds. really didn't reach out to help their jewish campers

to share again from the ghetto, was right in front of the hospital and they were rating it and taking jewish people away to save them, i admitted them into the hospitalization and put them in bed. so i rescued them, let them run inside. i managed to hide a lot of jewish people in the hospital by the name of antonio, around 11 a. m. some jews started coming to the hospital. if they were looking for me in order to be admitted, they knew about me. oh, my father said, let's try to find victoria because you're such a dog or a doctor, not medical. but that is why they've been really fucked for the hospital. there was a jewish doctor, friend of mine is his name was retorted touch doughty. he was

much appreciated by the for, even though they knew he was jewish shop, indicated by your lord i goes up. what did my father do? he did something very unusual in mental and he came up with a disease which was totally imaginary. he said it was very dangerous, aggressive ro, degenerative era, named in a syndrome k 11 matter model modica. that could have stood a german kernel complex, this kid instead of the, if we decided their disease was to be called syndrome k u k was the initial of castle ring, the german armies chief in italy. but it could also stand for cost of the tv or tapes which is cancer in german. so we could turn it around as we like what

we mean. they all started with the letter k. the key was the 1st letter of complex, which was the name of the colonel in rome and cancelled in general. it was a way of messing with that and was clumsy a way to humiliate them gradually. but this wasn't again no you know what? you got back syndrome k was an illness invented by professor borrow mail, but it was highly infectious, even though it wasn't real well where the idea was to scare and worry the not css because they were very afraid of being near anyone with a highly contagious disease internet lines, the malice, jarquin, joseph, dangers, headache, nausea, vomiting, those were the main symptoms, some of those. but because he was such a good doctor, he was able to invent the symptoms and progression of this disease. and to make the

incredible they didn't necessarily seek permission from the vatican. it was a spontaneous, instinctive thing to let these families in and often monasteries and convents would alert the vatican after the fact that it's dedicated a small section of the beanie for terry hospital and turned it into an isolated unit to how's the jews who he said we're seeing the room k go math, fact modem exam 30 says believe that with the elite, the ideal of manhood that were terrified by this jewish disease. they stayed clear of the ward and did their investigating from the other side at the doors. the doctor foods, the charts and documents flawlessly, and had more pressing concern, pick jewish men, women, and children. they let the patients be that they're going to die anyway. there was

no reason to waste time on them. the jewish fugitives were safe, at least to the moment, but this was no way for anyone to leave me . and then the fear began. yes, i was saved. but what were we going to do to me? we couldn't move freely anymore because they were germans everywhere. i was 4 years old with my family as refugees hiding in the hospital and daily a lot of somebody last so we stayed for the benefit. my mother, my little sister, gena and i forgot it. i had several family members in the hospital and i get back all part of my extended family. just catch up your point. they didn't know. stay in the hospital the whole time. and i'll be there small

print shop, and truss david a where he began to fabricate all sorts of false documents and make them look genuine. because the women in the committee fast that at the fake documents were actually real. as far as the seal was concerned, the names were changed. in that, in a graph, you got the classified documents, you would change their names, and then finally he would discharge them and send them to the local convents in a one man where there was this ongoing friendship between my father and giovanni. but he's the montane mon tv did something extremely brave. he gave my father and identification card, recognizing him as a noble guard of the pope, which my father wasn't sure i'm not this. he gave him this idea that the germans who wanted to be in good standing with the vatican,

would consider it as proving his credentials and essentially protected him from his grade in seattle. but the course it was a fake id, but it had a valid seal of the vatican. as you can see, here is the signature of giovanni battista, montane, secretary of state of the holy sea. but the stomach in leverage. but then at that time, the pope preferred to maintain a low profile instead of asking for examples, speaking out in a public way, on october 16th, 943. as he watched the jews be rounded up hundreds of yards away, he made a small diplomatic protest, a quiet diplomatic protest. he did not speak publicly in any way that might have made a difference to the lives of those jews. but at home. but he was also

a political pope. he considered many aspect. first of all, he had to save rome and he had to save himself. but he got no notice. the vatican was not all silent. renewed his friendship between my father in the future. pope paul, the sick body. battista martinis was very useful and the team was willing to be part of this mission to help reduce their matter with us in the past. and in fact, the clergy helped the jews in a way we can't even imagine you are in a very open way more international and many jews were said by priests and by convent then my father could not have accomplished any of that without support from the vatican. i mean, where could you have put all those jews wherever they were talking about more than 100 jones that were saving after the

october 1943 deportation. then there were no illusions roman jews knew exactly what in the nazi mind they were in for. and they were if they weren't already very vigilant and in hiding they, after that point they all were and they knew what could be in store for them. on the day after the german capture of rome, i took the last name of the fact that it was a reward out and i was worth but $25.10 lead a back then the rooms filled supplies ran low. the became suspicious. although the doctors were working and the constant fear of exposure,

they had to be brave to prevent any more not from being taken. care of. no less says nancy says the special forces, the most highly specialized unit of the special courses began to suspect that there was something going on at the hospital that i don't know where i need to look at the medical records mean long theory, the vatican because of neutral state had property had territory, had buildings that were often but the never played by the rules. nobody and my father went to meet them personally and just score them to the hospital. among them was her doctor's ended german interpreter. they were coming to verify whether or not there were any thank patients. so my father took them on a tour of every part of the hospital explaining to them what was going on with certain patients. eventually they got to the syndrome k ward. my father said to

them, look at these patients size unit are suffering from a terrible disease. it's highly contagious. the aggressive causing neurological degeneration with dramatic effect. he begins, if you want us to go in, i guess we can go in go days to get there matches. said william, when he, when they came, but i had all the patience lying in their beds with the papers signed on them to playing on each one john k up who john wouldn't tell all the jewish refugees cough and the coffee in that way they will see that you were all very sick them and i did then yes, yes, we're terrified by the possibility of contracting this can teach designs and moved away from the ruined probably that the longer the germans occupied room, the moon,

the italians became the word of artillery falling from sky spread quickly, the terrifying, unfamiliar sound, the screaming plain destiny, patients with constant reminders, nowhere were safe. not even within such a, b in the fish was beginning to unravel the clues the fictitious disease, the dropping bones to syndrome k patient, when a twofold race against time. but all they could do was wait and hug quite some of them. there was bombing too, but the fact they've been in for a tele hospital had become a perfect observation of them in rome. once the baffling metropolis, one of your charges was experiencing family. parents will literally risk their lives to feed their children to become a hand to melt the bible for many. ah,

we were all against the germans. make it possible for you always hoped they would be defeated quite up about then they started advancing again. on one side at the allied forces were slowly moving north using the treacherous terrain to his advantage. general catherine placed his military fortifications in a series of lines of defense across italy. it became known as the winter line, comprising through the concrete bunkers, machine, guns, and mine field. getting through these barricades was the only part to run a desperate for liberation. with each day and the german occupation, the living conditions in the italian capital, worse and rome was deprived, staffed, and oppressed if only they could hold out until the allies deprived the italy was isolated. no male, no telephone. we were in the dark about everything school. i'm about so i remember

there was a time when in my own home there was no laughter. none soon. there was no joy there quite apart from the star of ation. and there was stove ation. we had nothing to eat. can see, gentlemen added the basically whether we live a long life or short life, but some point it must end. in fact, i was born. okay. the sort you've been in the hospital was running out of options. you could only fool the assist for so long. ah, the allied forces took down the line soon after the winter line fell entirely. it

had been exhausting for months. the fighting claiming 90000 allied casualties. victory was heart force, but the troops could not rest. brian was waiting and time was finding out the allies that this side moved with milton. the men can the do not see didn't stand to chance. the beach as far as the congress threatened the german, rare, and some of them to fall back. the road to rome was lined with the records of nazi

legion lasted vital idea that they fled before the me. neither did i lose general mark clark at the helm. the us army piled up victory after the tree on its advance to the italian capital, leaving the ruins of the german defences. in its like the germans had no choice to ring in the remaining nazi for displayed as fast as they could tell was taken by italian and its ashes show the evacuation of growth. one of the greatest growth was not because the adams made i was on medical duty for the resistance, but before going on duty, i had gone to be out of an obvious faster that investors over there. and there i

witnessed the defeat of the german army manny they were ruined. so cheap, those soldiers, the little ones pointed their machine gun. if we need with their helmets and uniform on, we're now facing defeat of all the adults, such as it was an army defeat, and single file, one behind the other. some horses holding carriage as if it was a complete defeat. the room was named as the deals of the mighty invasion machine were ready to drive to the city limits and dropped away from the victories about it and a wonderful achievement. on june, 4th 1944. the laid by the

americans, the much into rome. the title celebrated him. it was a huge blow for thieves. he was no longer it was the end of the oppression. i think the general feeling towards the allies is the positive one and has always been positive since the end of the war. the pope's role has been highly critique them, debated the role of the allies and liberation of italy much less so the pipe finally can't to give free his blessing. ah, i recently received an audience so to be on his 4000 men, mostly roman catholics,

heard an address from the point to spoken english, you know, over the dinner. and that certainty over live in the wall may seem you can hardly to me the 3 k talk to giovanni bought a male, adriano cheney, and victoria such a doughty could finally give up the deception syntron k patient could leave the ward to be in if the tele did with hospital is supposed to do. it saved the lives of many and preserved many more for generations to come. after the general i would, catherine was tried for crimes and the rain on 2 charges. the shooting of 355

italians in the d, a t in america, an incitement to kill italian civilians. in $947.00, the court found him guilty of both charges and sentenced him to death. the sentence was committed and he was placed apart and the capital was arrested by british or she's in 1945, and turned over to the italian government in 1947 in 1948. he was tried by an italian military tribunal and sentenced to life imprisonment in the guide and military jail. mm. 80 percent of roman jews survived. and one can really say that this is because of the benevolence italian people, a gray. so that's why the jewish community has never forgotten. it forges a connection,

but they benefit tele on tiber island. and the jewish community of rome may be just 200 meters apart. but it says if they were part of a single structure, this is the, the me, me about it. my father used to say there was only one race, the human race. 0, one day, many years later i asked my mother mamma, you weren't too scared. most of my mamma on every she answered so scared, but it had to be done. pietro bought me. i had a successful train. inverse book about syndrome k to pay tribute to his father's legacy. he passed away aged 84 in rome in 2019. you found that giovanni had died

in 1961 in 2004, talked about mayor was recognized as righteous among the nations. but the yet for shame found ation as a medicine i felt i had a gift for and some other dr. victoria such a doughty survived the not to patient brand. my working undercover as a catholic doctor that you don't she never married. he was just a doctor in the jewish ghetto room until his death in 2005. if i knew him, i have many faults, but one that i don't have is being fearful, baylor, life is beautiful if you live it honestly and courageously on those fundamental values with honesty and courage on it. after the war, dr. cheney went back to practicing medicine at the settlement for tammy hospital. he wrote a book on his exploits during the cold, an island on the type of fascism build bridge. he was elected to parliament in 1968

the father of for the rest of his life in rome. ah, ah, i couldn't a who interesting courage always wins. 6 ah . 6 6 6 ah, ah ah

ah, the me ah, to the point strong and clear positions international perspective. the past 10 days i've seen the worst violence between israelis and palestinians in years, a deadly flare up between the israeli army and the militant group. that has people the world over asking middle east crisis. what can stop the cycle assigned to the point? 90 minutes on d w. the

news. it's been ongoing quest for the spring began in 2011 people stood up against a ruler's dictatorship. all these moments had left the box of my memory. the 1st was, it was an incredible feeling that people were liberated they had hoped for more security, more freedom, more dignity, have their hopes for 10 years after the era of spring. a rebellion starts june 7th on d,

w. the the news news, news lives from berlin, israel and thomas agreed to a cease fire after days of devastating air strikes and rock brushes. honestly and celebrate on the streets of garza, as the unconditional deal goes into force. all sides, hopeless fire brokerage by egypt will bring an end to the fiercest fighting they seem in years. and us presidents, joe biden is among many world leaders. welcome industries far calling it an opportunity for progress and.