how does the virus spread? why do we panic? and when will all this was a free, the topics that we covered. and i weekly radio budget. if you would like any more information on the kronos virus or any other science products, you should really check out our podcast. you can get it wherever you get your podcast. you can also find those at ww dot com slash science. mm. the there are growing calls for awaiting of covert vaccine payden's to increase deliveries to developing countries. but it's speed up production of the jap. oh, the us things that will be you believes easing, export rules would speed up supplies. if you can give the peter labs that don't

know how to produce it, they won't produce it overnight. the figures telling 30 percent of people in rich nations have had at least one shot in low income countries. it's just point 35 percent. i think i would go one step further in to say, just that the, what it is as the school bus, you know, part of the world is in vice. you know, but i bet there's a woman. welcome. as leaders around the world attempt to draw lessons from the cupboard 19 pandemic. one question remains notably unresolved how to handle vaccine payden's. at present, it's only these companies and a select few. they have licensing agreements with that are allowed to make the jobs . it's a fundamental principle of intellectual property law, but one critic say is costing lives and slowing down efforts to end the pandemic. south africa and india have led calls to c. peyton's wavered more than $100.00 countries in the united states. a great germany is

a notable exception with the government coming out strongly against the proposal. so what are the arguments for and against? proponent, se suspending would help economies reopen sooner. it would also save lives and point to the exceptional circumstances of the pandemic. and the fact that pharma companies have benefited from state help that's out taxpayer money. of course, those against say it would hamper innovation slow future responses to future pandemic. they also argue the wave is wooden self production capacity issues and point out that some pharma companies are already selling their vaccines to poor countries at cost price. so is there a resolution to all this incite? i'm joined by elizabeth, my daughter. she's an advocacy official with doctors without orders at also by sandy douglas. he's a research group leader at jenny institute at the university of oxford. welcome to both of you. hello, elizabeth. if we can start with you,

we got this vaccine in record time. would that have been possible without payden's i would say yes, it would have been possible because the pay, the vaccines have not yet been protected by the parents. in the past year, it takes about 18 months for this protection to start. and we saw that it wouldn't have been possible without the massive amount of public funding that has actually gone into the 16th. so yes, we say this could have been possible and therefore it should be a global public good because of all the public funding that have gone into the fix, you will get to the funding in a moment sandy, what do you think on peyton's, the tool that the drives innovation, i think in the case of our back up to the university, i agree with elizabeth would have been possible when i hastens, although it may have been hauled on board after seneca or another pharmaceutical company. if they didn't see a future product where they have some protection,

what about all that state money though that visit with mentioned? shouldn't the state then have a say in how this is all dealt with? yes, absolutely, and noble at the moment when boxes being developed, if that's funded by government funded by not for profit by the gate on vacation or which the call to traffic preparedness initiative. all of these organizations will attach conditions to funding, which in many cases will prioritize access below and middle income countries. so in the case of that, after that, i think the you had a very active site in what terms it was last, dr. seneca on the, on that with know, just about protecting the case interest. there was also a consideration of protecting access below middle income countries in that process . elizabeth, why is economic giant germany so against waving paid?

well, as mentioned before, there are a lot of maxine producers and pharmaceutical companies in germany who have the interest of protecting their i. p rights. so they are patients, for example, and biotech and cubic for example, our 2 m r and a produces would have interest and patient seeing those, but i would say the strings attached to the public money. but for example, germany has also invested in biotech, for example, all the u. s. that invested nearly 1000000000 dollars in more durn or for the r n d in the spec scenes, there were not enough strings attached to the 15th. we want to see effect of conditions for affordability access and also tech transfer attached to these to these findings because also in the case of sept. p, the sandy mentioned just now. they were not strong enough conditioned as additions attached so that you could actually say that needs to be a tech transfer now from the different entities that actually receive their funding . so we would want in the future that this would be kept in mind. we're obviously

talking about exceptional circumstances here, but sending, let me check in with you. if these peyton's wavered. would it not be setting a dangerous precedent for, for how all of this works in the development of life saving drugs and drugs in general? well, i think that is a really complicated, long term, somewhat ideological debate about that. and elizabeth and i might take different sites on that, but i think there's quite a different question which is much more immediate and practical which but what can be done now in the situation that we're in now to get as much vaccine as possible to as many people as possible as, as quickly as possible and person out of patience all the problem that elizabeth mention, but i'm a said tober last year. they wouldn't enforce that happens, but they haven't made any difference. availability is, i'm a doing

a light product in low and middle income countries. i haven't agrees on that one. no. because it's not for mixing. it's not early enough. i would agree. patients are not the only barrier, especially in the short term, but they are one of the barriers and for vaccines we need the waving of patients together with technology transfer. and when we're there now and says as a single company, they won't force that i p. that is not the same as the need security that a global patient wave i would have about firstly. and secondly, if modern as being serious about making the technology and patients available, they would also do a technology transfer to low and middle income countries. we haven't seen this in the, in the pandemic, not far. and that's why we saying this is not, not going on, but i would agree that payments are not the only barrier that there is, said he, what, what else did you want to say that? i think that's the right folks on the technology transfer and having be involved in

the licensing of the university vaccine and the discussion about how we do that. one of the things really, really tricky to think about how you force a company to transfer technology really quickly, because it's a lot of hard work. it comes at the expense of other things company might be doing is how do you force a company to answer an email today, rather than in the morning, for example, is things like that that make it move quickly. it's quite easy to say you will, technology trauma, but you know, it's really hard to make it happen very efficiently and very fast. i think also it's important to think about whether transferring technology to loaners and come country manufacturers is the best way to increase supply the particular vaccine on a case by case basis. i think some back thing that probably is on for others. perhaps it's not elizabeth, how much hope you have with us getting behind this initiative. it's an historic

move and it shows that ip is exactly, it's been recognized as a barrier to the scale up. so we need to paint and waving. we need the technology transfer and all technology, especially also m r. a should be taken into account because we need to end this pandemic, we need to have more vaccines available for more people to save life and get out of this more quickly from doctors without borders. and sandy douglas from the gen institute. thanks to both of you. thanks very much. thank you. and he's our science correspondent, derek williams, answering your questions on the corona virus. paul, people keep saying we don't know about possible long term effects and vaccines which just sends like soft vaccine skepticism. what are your views? oh, i think it's almost impossible to have a fruitful conversation about this topic because when someone says, yeah,

but how do you know there won't be problems down the road? then that's sort of destined to turn into a pointless discussion as it's really any discussion that requires predicting the future. 100 percent. the problem is, in life and independent mac, we always have to make decisions about the future based on data that we've collected in the past. we have to choose our next moves based on what that data appears to tell us. it's not a perfect infallible system by any means, but it's the best when we have when it comes to decisions like whether or not to get vaccinated. so. so here's what the current data says about vaccines in general . and cobit vaccines, in particular, both the c d c and the w h o. emphasize that the chances that vaccines could cause long term health problems are extremely low. because past experience with

many, many different candidates for a wide range of diseases, overwhelmingly shows that when side effects do crop up and they do, they nearly always do so within a few days or weeks of vaccination. the biggest vaccine drive in history though, began many months ago, and hundreds of millions of cobra, 1900 doses have since been administered worldwide. the rollouts are being tracked with an eagle eye. authorities have detected a few possible serious back st side effects in some very rare cases, but nothing that indicates any wider trends. on the other hand, we have an absolute mountain of data on the potentially devastating long term side effects that getting covered 19 can cause being able to prevent them effectively

is a huge advantage. so with the evidence saying the advantage so massively out ways, any known risk, why wouldn't i want to get vaccinated? i don't have to predict the future that use that the data, it says it just makes sense. me say i'm benefits all and thanks for watching. stay safe, as you know. again say, ah, you say it is good to know what

i, what secret? why behind me discover new adventures in 360 degree and explore fascinating world heritage sites the he w world heritage 360. now, what are your revised keys to see for food? keeps clean to prevent contamination. the separate raw and cooked foods to avoid cross contamination. cook thoroughly to kill microorganisms. the keep food at safe temperatures and of course to prevent bacteria growth.

you see water and see what materials to avoid. can food producers are the ones primarily responsible for the safety of the food, but you can protect yourself and your family from diseases in the home by applying the 5 keys to see for food use them. you also have a role to play the long last after months of locked downs, shutdowns and travel restrictions, europe cultural summer is cautiously gathering momentum for a reboot with venice leaving a trail with its architecture. be another also coming up me. israeli. r has ro, we've victoria high fit, who's expressive, large format drawings,

are both the science will critique and introspective exploration of what it means to be a woman. welcome to arts and culture. just a few weeks ago, at the height of a vicious 3rd wave of the novel corona virus here in europe, it seemed almost impossible. but this past weekend, venice held its course to open its famous architecture, be a knowledge symbolic in a way for the reopening of italy as a whole. and it's thing conceived, of course, well before the pandemic is more relevant now than ever the venice city fighting for survival as it slowly sinks into a rising sea. now, just out of locked down, venice is hosting its 17th architecture. be a mallet appropriately titled, how will we live together? the world's most renowned architecture show is looking for the answers. ah,

the world is one space one can. and many of the problems we're facing today do require that we think as one. but there's a very big challenge that politically, we're not organized as one behaviorally. we think in our own quantity, in life and immediate space. this years be now late aims to see the whole world as one big mega city, where everything is interconnected. curator hashim circus has invited anthropologist sociologists, artists, and biologists to come present their ideas on a future that's livable. climate change, as of course, in the foreground installation, the alps points to melting glaciers. the city of dust is about venice itself. visitors walk across these tiles, destroying them in the process, a criticism of the over tourism threatening the city. the there are also new ideas like biotech architecture imagined growing algae in your own living room as

a source of protein. this, your invented architects are interested in more than new buildings. they're exploring the big questions of our future. many of these problems have grown and science. that doesn't mean that the architecture delegate them to someone else. our road is naturally to deal with this complexity by synthesizing orchestrating convening and then pulling all of that together into the project. 61 countries have pavilions here showing their view of humanity is biggest challenges. the british pavilion pays homage to the public realm. upon standing, an opposition to increasing privatization of land worldwide. germany's pavilion isn't as big on fun. 3 empty walls and a q r code that takes the visitor into the year 2038. when humanities problems are solved,

we can only help. after the pandemic forced organizers to reschedule twice and nearly cancel this year's be and it takes on a lot, let's face it. the future questions are pushing us the compelling us to think other options than the ones we have today. we're clearly not happy with the answers we have today. so where compelled to think of the future, we have no other option. the 5 architects built this laboratory as a playground without rules for children and adults. how will we play together? one thing is clear, creativity is needed now more than ever. there are no clear answers this time in venice. that would be too much to ask, but at least this architecture be knowledge is posing the right questions. some big questions indeed, and here to talk about them and possibly answer them as my colleague adrian kennedy

adrian. that's really quite an achievement to put on the as a physical bent. yes. a terrific effort after last year's postponement there will be mos distancing unlimited numbers, but organized as a very happy that it's finally under way. $5000.00 people turning up on the opening days for it's really 1st major public event since cove at 1900 hit. yes, it's incredible. now, i mean, the show is posing obviously the very relevant and challenging question of how will we can we live together? but is there very much in the way of coherent or even helpful answers where it says it's a big question, especially in the context of covert to climate change, the refugee crisis and so on. most of the contributions here work on the level of all that was an installation at the irish pavilion about the vast amounts of energy from fossil fuels required to maintain data in the

cloud. for example, but concrete ideas for the future of fin on the ground. the spanish w actually features a piece called on certain see can see here something up a little bit reviews of the piano. i say it's quite its own, but it's a little bit on focus. more about naming problems and providing concrete solutions . exactly, and i'm just looking here at these examples, they seem really more like sculpture is almost art installations rather than what we would normally consider architecture. that's why, of course, the absence of big name, architects, and big trade a be big buildings is part of the concept. now p. now your day is a turkish american architect who's pieces. acid ocean and trusted ocean are included. she says, architecture is now developing empathy for also living things that it's actually good that the emphasis on building making for ever bigger buildings. we need, she says, an architecture of dissolving that gives

a space for non human and that's an interest. that's an interesting point. so quite a radical way of looking at how architecture can function in a way do you think? do you have anything that does look like a real building? just to finish where we take a quick look at the work of the germans came mangas and young clippers, a 2 story steel structure with fibers classified the spun around that exciting conte fusion showing off new technical, technological possibilities. and addresses the consumption of resources related to materials like concrete, for example, and proposes buildings not with solid materials, transparent and very fiber. it's not really something i'd recommend for november or december, or even even even may in berlin. but thanks very much for bringing us up back story and those eye catching pictures. adrian kennedy. thank you. in other culture, news,

marvel studios released the 1st footage of eternal which boasts and a list of cast, including angelina as a lease on my hike. and richard madden, of body guard fame, or in a 2 minute trailer fans of the comics franchise got a taste of what's to come in the film adaptation of the eternal comics about a team of humanoid. and that's directed by the oscar winning filmmaker chloe now and scheduled for release in november. and this week in london, the british museum opens the brand new exhibition devoted to nero, one of rome's most infamous rulers show questions the traditional narrative of nero as a roofless tyrants and excessive megalomaniac who murdered his own mother, revealing a different figure. trying to lead in a time of great change in roman society on berlin has long been a place where people find the freedom to be who or what they want to be. and long

before the current debates over gender identity, it was and continues to be a liberating environment for many artists like really, victoria heifetz, an israeli artist who has exhibited across europe the u. s. and israel and for whom drawing is an intimate act of self discovery. the victoria hyphen isn't israeli artist who lives and works in berlin. the 42 year old oppose as pigeon holing people wants to put you in one boss. and i can understand them. i think also in my brain, i wish to, you know, to wake up one morning and to say, yes, i am a woman. oh yes, i am a man. it never happened to me. as art works often to pick the older women whose bodies and faces have been rendered invisible by society. are pictures highlighted

pension between the body and the soul. the railway are studied art in boston and jerusalem knows this tension well for a large part of her life. she's been mulling questions of self identity. i guess something is missing. i didn't know what to do. so i don't think that i have in my body. i just, i didn't know my body. in some point, in the age of 30, i felt that i need to explore. i need to go into this journey of exploration. but she was hesitant to express her femininity until she moved to berlin in 2012 year. her expressive art works finally received critical acclaim. and it was here too that where we, victoria, heifetz began to show herself publicly as a woman,

the landing has a kind of history for gender solidity. i knew this a city that can make me feel more safe to christ. and so it was a kind of intuition, so they knew that i be, i will be able to do it here. really began hormone transition therapy, but as chosen, not to undergo surgery, adopting the middle name. victoria really identifies as gender fluid wearing dresses has made her the target of verbal and physical abuse. a grim reality many trans people know too well why we are transitioning. we are very also very visible and it's not so easy to be visible. and at the same time to transition and so we are very much the violence on

districts also, but i really soon came to recognize the privileges she once enjoyed. when she presented as male, as a gender fluid person, it's become more difficult where we are works are currently on display at berlin's school is or gave museum. as part of the exhibition intimacy once founded to document the emancipatory struggle and art of gay men, the museum today focuses on the diversity of sexual identities and gender railways artwork. the envious one centers on her relationship with her own body. there will battle that i have about the trans issues. it's with myself and with my body and the same team say i always try to reflect in my own

drawings for works res, key questions relating to self identity in general. and that is what makes them so powerful. well that brings us to the end of this edition, but i do hope you'll join us again next time. same time, same place for more arts and culture. news until then all the best from us in berlin. ah, i think i paradise for apartment, 180 percent of the population lives in public housing, just date ownership community at the same time. i think we mixed according to a quote to system. kind of state influence, make happy come, you know,

like the global prevailed do many places not minuses. apparently dugeon is being sold as a clean all rounders as the energy source of the future. many industries are very interested in the seo tool. but what potential does it really carry made in germany in 90 minutes on d w. so you want to know what i suggest. you love it that way. i'm not going to have my own car. everyone with later holes in every day stuff, getting you ready to meet the german then join me. rachel, do it on the w. the

news it's been going for a bit of the spring began in 2000 little the people stood up against the rulers and dictatorship. all these moments have left deep boxes. my memory was a huge. it was an incredible feeling that people were liberated to for more security, more freedom, more dignity, have their host mental filled me. where does the world stand today?

10 years after the arab spring. and rebellion starts june 7th on d. w. ah news . ah. this is the w news life from berlin. america reflects on what's changed and what has its one year off. the murder of george floyd, the white house for his family call for police reform. while people across the us pay tribute to the madness, death for the for life on preschool as racism in the united states. also coming up a day of diplomacy in the middle east. you are

a secretary of state. ne blinked to meet with the leaders of israel and the palestinian authority trying to build on the fire.