is archipelago, which is off the coast of ecuador. the current population of this member of the title family is estimated to be around $60000.00. and now that another species has been re discovered the hunt is on to find more in the hope of saving it from extinction. mrs. t. w. noon ly, from berlin. mohammed spent watching the news the fight against the corona virus pandemic. how has the rate of infection then developing what goes to the latest research information and contact the corona virus? because 19 special next on dw,

sometimes a seed. it's all you need to allow the big ideas to grow. we're bringing environmental conservation to life with learning. like global ideas, we will show you how climate change and environmental conservation is taking shape around the world and how we can all make a difference. knowledge grows through sharing, download it now for me . the massless know social distancing and sight brazil's president shaheen. those the narrow leads the motorcade through revision arrows, while the health care system struggles to cope with 16000000 cousin cases and nearly half a 1000000 dead since the pandemic began. but i mean, if we were to me, our president is to blame. without a doubt, it was the way he governs this country,

leave a lot to be desired for help. expose worry, government mismanagement will only make it more difficult to find a way out of this crisis. only 15 percent of brazilians have got their 1st shot, but a new study shows 15 percent of the population already has anti bodies suggesting infect and at some point and possibly some immunity will cross the numbers in a moment with an epidemiologist in brazil, 1st d w reporter and for the painful reports from the countries biggest cities, apollo on efforts to develop homegrown vaccines. these x contain hope for brazil. they are incubating a home grown corporate 19 vaccine boot and back. that's been developed and so powerful human trials haven't started yet. that results so far up from the thing

it's worked very well animal side best with with success in clinical trials. so we are very confident that it's going to be good about iris and his colleagues at the content institute in sal paolo a working with a method similar to the one for making flu vaccines. they use chicken x to incubate a modified virus which should teach human immune system to fight the code. the 19 virus really important thing for brazil for built into and it's our, our opportunity to have a solution for a solution to this. and then we have here all the raw materials that we need to make the vector. and so we can be independent on doing dollar backs in the institute happen, producing a chinese vaccine corona back at that has stopped due to supply problems and some region has no vaccines, left brazil has the 2nd highest covenant industrial in the world after the united

states vaccines here and short supply and less than 10 percent of the population has been full inoculated new homes on vaccine, a great hope for the country. it also reflects, well, i'm so proud of having a gerard doria who supported efforts to develop it. next year, he's expected to run to leave the country challenging valuable scenario for desire for not taking the panoramic seriously enough. doria has been trying to buy a foreign cove in 1900 vaccines since the pandemic began. and says, both from arrow has hindered his efforts. we are fighting against viruses in brazil, the current virus, and they're both on our lives. they used to be friends, doria and both, both right. wingers with a taste for public test strength. the argument olympic seems, is broken into the fight between these 2 men. i believe as meetings of resilience,

that could be a government at that moment doing their elections. but i make a very sad mistake. today, never more. we need another kind of government in brazil. borders, we'll decide what government they one's next year. when doria is expected to challenge both an arrow for the presidency, the vaccine, and these x will probably be approved by them. it could change everything. was over to payroll. hello, an epidemiologist and associate professor at the federal university of pell waters in brazil, pedro brazil has struggled to contain transmission of home grown variance. now this news that the highly infectious indian mutation has arrived. how much of a concern is that in fueling one of the world's deadliest outbreaks? you know, so 1st of all, it's my pleasure to be here. the situation in brazil has been chaotic since last

year. so pretty much from day one. we have failed to conduct this scientific recommendations to respond to the virus. so our president do not wear. he does not work. if he doesn't wear face masks in public gatherings. he criticizes the vaccines and he says he would not get vaccinated himself. there is a narrative, a gaff, social distance in lockdown, and there is the promotion of effective treatments. so these 4 scenes, as i like to say they are making it very hard for brazil to respond to the public and it's no going stuff that although we have only 2.7 percent of the world's population, we have 13 percent of the world's quoted $900.00 deaths, the situation will not get any easier with the widespread of the variance. so

for now the p one very in the brazilian one is the one dominating most states in brazil. but there is the concern with the indian variance that was already detected in some cities in brazil. if that starts with spreads aspect of the p one spreads at last year or early these year, the situation can get even worse. it sounds like the government's rolling out the red carpet to this indian barrier. but what about this study that i mentioned that suggests 15 percent of brazilians already have anti bodies from a previous covert infection. does that give you hope? yeah, this is pretty much the study we started last year and did though the results you are present in the results from our fee phase of the study data work elected from january to april. you can treat, that is good news because if you know, 15 out of every 100 have immunity but on the other hand you can throw that

as a negative result because 85 percent of those are still successful to be infected . so you know, it depends on the interpretation, but realistically, there are many people in brazil feel success about sho, get infected. and if we continue to fail to conduct, you know, the scientific recommendations to respond to the virus, the situation can become even worse. we'll talk about the scientific response. what about the home grown back? things that we mentioned in our report. i mean, they come a little late, they their little like, you know, they are welcome, but it would be much better if they would have started. you know, last year, but we, we need just say that chew off that you should so feel crews and boots into 2 big institutions in brazil, they were involved with the production and fasting off the offer,

astrazeneca vaccine and with the current prospects. and so at least these institutions were involved from the beginning with these 2 vaccines. so there are vaccines available in brazil, but we can never forget and the international community needs to know that mid last year, pfizer offered brazil 70000000 doses of its vaccine for a contract. and the brazilian government did not even reply to that would go back to be available now. in brazil, the situation would be much better and many lives would have been saved. you were basically saying before the brazil would have been better equipped had the government, given scientists a say, how do you feel as an epidemiologist in brazil you know, probably all of you guys watching us in germany have had that dream at some point in your life. you know, the dreamy in which you cannot move or you cannot ram or you cannot shout. this is

exactly what we feel as if the village is in brazil. so we are saying the things you know as early a 15 months ago and things do not do not happen because the government adopt energy science, discourse and narrative. we know every time we see the news about germany, australia, south korea, you know, pretty much every other country, the word we feel like gels, because we see your government's doing what is recommended by files and in, in our own country data not least sent to us federal law and demille is just the government's listening to this show as well. pedro for your sake and for burials brazil's sake. it was a pleasure having you today. thank you very much. and it's out of the show where our science correspond, derek williams. as is your questions on the current of bias?

oh, even renew disease. you could try to get back to nascent or am i at risk? wide spectrum disorders are attributed to an abnormal immune response to some kind, worldwide auto immune diseases effect. that's estimated hundreds of millions of people and current recommendations from both the w h. o and the cdc. are that people with those conditions should also be vaccinated against coven 19, even though there still isn't really enough data to make definitive statements about exactly how safe authorized vaccines are for those patients. and the reason for the recommendation is that evidence does indicate that if they do contract covered 19, then people with auto immune disorders might be at greater risk of developing

a severe case. many specialists think that that's likely linked to the amino suppressant drugs that many of those patients have to take. in other words, although we don't yet have specific safety data for specific auto immune conditions, there are good reasons for getting back needed anyway. if you have one and evidence on auto immune disorders from other vaccine drives in the past is in general, a pretty reassuring however, all the doctors and experts i read also say that auto immune disease patients should definitely consult with their specialist before being vaccinated, as, as the timing of when you get the shot could be important. if you're having a flare, for instance, they might recommend waiting until it's past. your doctor might also want to adjust

your medication before or after getting the shots so. so it's really important to get their advice 1st, me and we've been here with pictures from lima. whereas innkeepers have come up with a clip away to keep their animals fed. they've been following the food themselves, dedicating part of the zoo complex to grow some of the 720 tons of food that the animals go through every month. there's a lot of sugar cane and alfalfa that they have to grow for those to roscoe sent back by by me. many places not minus apparently trying to reach in being told as a clean all rounder, as the energy source of the future. many industries are very interested in the ceo neutral feel. but what potential does it really carry?

made in germany, neck c, w. to the point, a strong opinion, clear positions, international perspectives. embarrassed and opposition journalistic track. delta plane was intercepted shortly before lending a recall suggest his life might be in danger. speller as president lucas shank over currently owns the kids. nothing but his name is pulling the strings. find out the point to the point on w. ah, the news in wide wayne extreme, it again world must be a couple weeks in burn in south africa. people with disabilities more like lisa jobs in the black lives matter. professor shine

a spotlight on racially motivated to leave things that marriage is being legalized in more and more countries, discrimination, quality or part of everyday life. for many we ask why? because life is diversity to make up your own mind. w. need for mines. ah. ah, ah me, is it all just a lot of hot air. investors have been snapping up hydrogen related stocks as if the gas were in short supply. it's the most abundant elements in the universe like now

sun. but on earth, it's mostly extracted from fossil fuels, emitting carbon dioxide in the process. what's called trade is excited, accompanies promises of clean hydrogen. electrolysis splits water into hydrogen and oxygen doing it cheaply, could be the holy grail of green energy. so it could hydrogen become the fuel of the future. that's what we're looking at today on made and been for the woman ship prices of companies in the industry have sold more than 500 percent in the past year. there are several reasons. 0 emission vehicles are all the rage. many countries are going carbon free in the next few decades. us president joe biden has thrown his weight behind the sector. and the european union plans to scale up renewable hydrogen projects in polluting industries like chemicals and steel. but a lot of the focus so far has been on cars. the question is, will hydrogen powered cars overtake their electric carson?

the, what's the deal? when we are supposed to be driving plug in electric cars, their own offer as part of coal sharing plans and many cities. but now hydrogen vehicles of the things. over the past 2 decades, several hydrogen models have been unveiled, though most of them use hydrogen and combustion engines was about hydrogen cars with electric motors like this one. we are the head of the german hydrogen and fuel cell association about the advantage over plug in cost material plug in electric cars have a distance problem. ranges are growing, but come with up to 4 hours. we charging time. who wants to set off on vacation and have to take a 4 hour break every 250 kilometers? it's not an option. as long as this book is not showing houses this h to power car work. it involves the kind of factory known as a fuel cell surgeon from the air and hydrogen from the tank come together and react

in the fuel cells, producing electricity that pose the cause electric engine. what comes out the tail pipe? water, unlike combustion engines, no exhaust fumes or carbon dioxide produced. but only a few call me because manufacture them such as high and i, i'm sorry, i'm a technology remains expensive. a call like this toyota, me right? costs 79000 jurors at the moment. in the future, a new model is expected to sell for about $64000.00 gerry's why is it still so costly? so it isn't the why the vehicles are sufficiently well developed to be sold at ordinary car prices if they were mass produced and going. but at the moment, there's a lack of demand off. perhaps also there's not enough state intervention to ensure that enough vehicles are accepted. so click on the missing not so

well and good, but so far the hydrogen itself is mainly produced using fossil fuels. not exactly climate friendly the found was the institute for systems and innovation research was calculated how much h t would be needed in germany to fully exploit hydrogen technologies. and it's a lot in 2018, a total of $560.00 terror. what was of electric power was used in germany. even if electricity consumption stayed the same in 2050 as much as double that would be required to produce all the hydrogen needed for fuel cells. i'm for making synthetic fuels. generate told us extra power. germany would have to expand wind and solar on a massive scale to produce both enough hydrogen for transportation and enough electricity for other uses. that would mean then give us our stuff and move if we want to or are allowed to use hydrogen for mobility done then this

hydrogen can only be generated with renewable energy. so i thought we would have to build up trade relations with countries with huge amounts of base and sunshine and wind available, and that are willing to become our energy providers of the future. i'm. it's us when you need sustainable energy plants would have to be built there. and so hydrogen could be produced and transported via pipelines or ships to germany, but i'm not going to talk to you. okay, so the message is renewable energy would have to be expanded massively to produce enough hydrogen. but not only is that still a lack of hydrogen, but also if the necessary infrastructure such as filling stations in the capital berlin, there are currently just 5 hydrogen filling station and the total of $93.00. well, germany ah, filling up takes just 3 minutes and then the car can travel 500 kilometer. definitely not driving 100 kilometers costs, just as much as with

a diesel engine. so it's not more expensive for the customer. within the industry has agreed to build a significant number of filling station up to 400 of them without looking at exactly how many cars there actually are. support from policymakers, not just to expand renewable energy, but also hydrogen production. in december, the german government launched a new pilot project and chili west siemens plans to produce synthetic fuels using hydrogen experts. i think the h to technology in the form of fuel cells is also being taken more seriously. got the 10 years ago. it was more like an engineer's dream. it's such a cool and clever technology, and we now have clear binding climate targets, and the greenville gave us more ambitious target. we realized that these are not attainable with conventional combustion engine assistance. we simply need different technology often. and again, on the other hand, the global market for hydrogen and synthetic fuels made from it is growing.

scientists at the found wafaa institute, calculate that the market volume will reach up to a 102000000000 euros by 2030. and as much as 680000000000, you're raised by 2050 good prospects stand behind region technology. in 10 years, many more of these vehicles looks to be cruising through the country. but it's still not a given hydrogen as a fuel because sounds great. the gas could one day play a major role in slow and global warming. still, it's not always the best technology. the width is the one that clinches market share and rides the network effect. some analysts a warning of a bubble. the frenzy and hydrogen related stocks has companies trading at extreme prices based on expectations that the revenue will surge in the future despite worries about possible headwinds for the sector. there was a similar burst of enthusiasm about 20 years ago that prove short lived. and

another thing is abundant energy source has to get a lot greener 1st to make an impact on the planet. if it really hits the streets that is or takes its place in other industries, hydrogen is considered an important energy source of the future. as opposed to make of a key part of your transition to sustainable sources of power. that does cause a russia dam is investing in h 2 in a big way. it's planning to build a hydrogen network covering the entire port. aiming to become a hub for producing, importing and transporting the gas to other european countries. what is hydrogen truly green? hydrogen itself is actually colored this, but it's called gray, blue, or indeed green, depending on the manufacturing process used to produce it. today most hydrogen is gray. it's made from fossil fuels like natural gas and coal,

and produces high levels of c o 2 emissions. blue hydrogen is also grey in the sense that it too is gained from fossil fuels. but the climate damaging c o 2 is captured and stored in empty gas feels under the sea. for example, though the carbon footprint is significantly lower in the green manufacturing process, hydrogen is derived from water. this is the only form of h to production that can be described as sustainable these days. oh hydrogens are the same because it's always the molecule h 2, but the different manufacturing processes determine how high the greenhouse gas emissions are and how clean the hydrogen is. this is green hydrogen is produced by placing water into oxygen and hydrogen with electricity,

but that electricity doesn't always come from 0 emission sources. so even green hydrogen is only sustainable if the power used to make has come from renewable such as wind, solar power in only then is it produced without emitting any carbon dioxide or not. but if it's to be green and sustainable, the hydrogen has to be produced using renewable if you have it. but what if a country doesn't have enough renewable electricity to cover the need for green hydrogen production? germany, for example, has insufficient wind solar power. so by 2015, the country will have to import 45000000 tons of hydrogen. the risk the is that transporting it over long distances by ship or pipeline could cause further environmental damage. so did you try to get you home? one point of course is certification. we need

a global certification system to really prove that this hydrogen has been produced from green electricity, water as well. right now we don't have that because there's no agreement on it yet . another hurdle for a quick transition to truly green hydrogen is the cost then the moment in the didn't even if you compare renewable green or even hydrogen with fossil fuels under the current regulatory framework, then it's a very expensive option and stuff and enough before the toilet value but as more electricity is produced from renewable sources, green, hydrogen should become less expensive. folk of predict the cost will more than half by 2030. but so far the production of green hydrogen is not widespread in the european union. experts predict that the blue option where the c o 2

emitted during production is stored will remain a p source of hydrogen for years to come. while germany is keen on expanding its capacity for hydrogen production, the aim is to produce the gas on an industrial scale with 0 emissions. this green hydrogen would be use not only for fuels but also for heating and generating electricity still produces like this and cope. and i'd skater or invest in billions of euro's to make production, climate neutral with the help of hydrogen power. even oil jives are getting in on the act b, p developing a renewable hydrogen project at its refinery. here in germany, to replace a big chunk of its fossil based hydrogen consumption. the road to greener energy leads to am slammed. the northern german district hopes to play a leading role in the countries transition to renewable energy.

tim horseman coordinates the development of hydrogen production infrastructure in the region. this wind buck together with offshore wind turbines to generate the power that will be used to produce hydrogen in a carbon neutral process of the country behind using hydrogen to achieve c o. 2 new tragedy of transitioning from fossil fuels using renewable energy, replacing all that natural gas and petroleum by alternatives, and that has to be wind energy or solar energy one and a given him slend is in good shape economically with modern industrial and commercial enterprises well funded with texas, the region can afford to invest heavily in the energy transition. oil multinational b. p runs a huge refinery and ems land refineries like this one are among the biggest

industrial consumers of hydrogen. several tons per hour needed to remove sulfur from the gasoline and diesel produced here. but what's being used is so called gray hydrogen derived from natural gas in a process which emits large amounts of climate damaging c o 2. the plant is being converted so that in future it can produce carbon neutral, green hydrogen, livingston. and i don't forget that there are large furnaces in plants like large amounts of energy are needed here. it's $120.00 megawatts, $120.00 reactor to still did capital is it's, it's highly energy intensive. i'm producing lots of c o. 2 nuclides are pure electrolysis needs much less energy with almost no c o 2, but it's very expensive. without state subsidies. it would be difficult to realize the plans go further than you subsidize,

green hydrogen costs more than great hydrogen. so there's no economic incentive for it. why would a market driven company use green hydrogen? but it just costs some money and their customers won't pay for it. and so subsidies are central guide and both the german government and the you agree that they will be in the building in since in the yard. making industrial facilities more eco friendly cost. a lot of money. at this power plant green hydrogen could soon replace natural gas and german energy multinational w e plans to build one of the world's biggest hydrogen production plants on this field. green hydrogen is opening up entirely new business opportunities of muscles not only helps that. we already have low cavern storage facilities in our port in which we can temporarily store the large amounts of hydrogen comment generated losing wind out and then be able to take that stored hydrogen and make it

available to all those industries and gas power plant that are switching to stellan done all of these stored energy efficient spike up the energy coordinated tim hoffman says it's important to implement green hydrogen quickly. that way, the existing natural gas pipeline system can be used for distribution, allowing the hydrogen to be transported to every corner of the country. the thing that i believe that green hydrogen will be indispensible in many sectors, which is why it should have been invested in years ago. but it's only now that the course has been set. the 1st green hydrogen plans in m slend should be up and running. next year one good thing about this pandemic for the planet has been the fact that most of us have been locked up at home, denied any real sort of travel,

no exotic holidays. beach time for me, i've been locked up here in the studio. an economic catastrophe because one in 10 jobs around the world are in tourism. and officials reckoned the sect won't pick up properly again until 2023. now what they could do in the meantime is trying to clean up the business. choosing to fly comes at a high price in terms of emissions. airlines say we might soon change that with 0 emission hydrogen powered aircraft. but is that realistic? the remember when flying was fun and adventure for free spirits and that jet set feelin look at old fossil fuel that has to be burned to get to fly high flying, fastest way into the climate crisis. how do you but there's hope and innovative ideas. the industry is trying to reduce its carbon

footprint. ah, there are many, many reasons to believe in hydrogen. whenever flight soon be eco friendly. what's behind the green hydrogen hype? more than 20000 planes when operation around the world before the condemning. carrying over 4500000000 passages in 2019 most of them were frequent flyers on domestic slides when the u. s. on china. and they accounted for about a quarter of all of the ation emissions. a problem with a very, a very tiny minority of the world takes a huge share of the emissions, while 80 percent has never direct c o. 2 emissions from the ation accounted for at least 2 percent of global emissions in 2019 doesn't sound like much. unfortunately, it's the most energy intensive activity that human beings can buy. and

while you can get an electric car or swap, need for veggies, there isn't really a viable eco friendly alternative to long distance travel yet. how did we get into this? let's go back to where it all began. the world, humans and travel must have been very exciting. you know, a promise of a world that is increasingly connected with jet set activities. flying was so exclusive because it was very expensive. airplane and showed by limousine millionaires in ordinary you estimates the ground truth cost around $600.00 back in the 19 seventy's whopping $4000.00 in today's money. but then the market was the regulators, low cost carriers emerged and growth became target number one. for this year alone,

a 100000000 people fly for the 1st time and evolved from the privilege of a few into a service for many are market. this is a population that it has a supply for travel. they want the freedom from new airports to new markets to sky was the limits for the aviation industry until 2021 to corona virus hit the grounding most of the world's aircraft. but the industry is expected to bounce back soon. we think that we will see a return to pre cobit levels of traffic by the end of the 24. okay, so people want to fly and will fly, but does it have to involve blasting fossil fuel emissions into the air? perhaps not. and the industry has been quite creative in proposing alternatives. i think i can at least 121314 different technologies that have been

proposed over time to fungus, professor for tourism in transport. and sweden focused on the ation since the beginning of his academic career. i think we heard everything from zeppelin replacing aircraft that was in the ninety's, completely new and for models like this one blended learning technology to save kerosene, sola ah, glendale fuels, the so called biofuels. we're older age does l and company k, like for example, pride itself on using them. the great thing about biofuels is that we can make them using algy, sugar cane seeds. we don't even from cooking oil. why a fuel is great for c o 2. but there isn't enough of this around. that's why kayla is getting everyone together to produce biofuel on a large scale. carolyn is

a leading airline in biofuels, but k limbs actual share biofuels was only 0.18 percent of their total fuel consumption in 2019. in the end, they were sued for misleading marketing or recently type about electric aircraft. and we were convinced that the electrical revolution would happen in aerospace as well. so we launched a fully electric powered aircraft, which we called the sun one project that was canceled the year before it was scheduled to make its 1st flight well, as i did earlier, one measure of progress and that is emissions going down. and we haven't seen that yet. now, hydrogen supposed to have to planet. ah, our belief in what hydrogen represents is most pivotal. why they say hydrogen has at least 3 striking features. number one, it's a versatile energy carrier and can power aircraft with high energy demand. where

batteries would be no alternative hydrogen can be made using renewable energy, meaning the production can be environmentally friendly, did so called green hydrogen is what they want. what we're talking about here is really powering a v ation with renewable energy. it does not pollute hydrogen when boon emits new c o 2 and almost no air pollution, which of course is the biggest plus. okay. sounds great. but the and 2035 ambitious deadline we set off to come in service with green aircraft, the green, 5 commercial aircraft, 2035. why? so late? the core challenges are to really build an aircraft that can safely run on hydrogen biggest storage. and the whole new design will be needed before hydrogen plans can take off. and the infrastructure for hydrogen needs to be developed from planes to

refueling, to production, building up a coherent hydrogen system takes time and cost a lot of money. and finally, there's simply not enough green hydrogen available yet. the share of renewables worldwide is still too low to produce enough eco friendly hydrogen for the industry . right now, the hydrogen we use is almost entirely made from natural gas and cold. oh, of course, it's all just a promise and promises has been broken. by the time that does work, it may be too late. the problem with hydrogen is that it doesn't work yet. well, it's simply not there yet. despite industry assurances, we are seeing everything we can get for c o. 2 impact work towards a deal with scientists like stuff, i'm guessing remain skeptical. well,

after 25 years, i think i'm entitled to an opinion. so to tell you where i don't, i don't think the sex or any and everything we've seen in terms of discussion proposals has always just been proposition for the future. as long as the asian industry's business model is based on fossil fuels and growth emissions will continue to rise. that's why activist and scientists are calling for strict regulation. we need to governance to, to address this problem. if we leave it to the alliance, i'm very skeptical we will see a solution. so back to our original question, with our flight suit, be friendly. put simply, no, they won't hide believe more time to reach its potential. but we can help reduce emissions now by making choices about how we travel and traveling less whenever possible. because technology alone will not be able to save our planet. only

we can do that ah, in hydrogen clean fuel that the future or just a lot of hot in thanks for joining us for another episode of the w's in depth is the show made you again to me the

the the, the the to the point and strong opinion, clear positions, international perspective in battle roofs and opposition journalistic dragged off the plane was intercepted shortly before lending a recall suggest his life might be in danger of president lucas shank over currently over the kidnapping. but is pulling the strings,

find out the point to the point on d w. the police were so cruel. i was terrified why i just find me. what can i do? my house is gone, torn down, everything is gone. lead day would lead to the day after this interview. the competition for living space is merciless. in china cities. in 75 minutes on d w. oh, the news. please listen carefully. we don't know how to live there,

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why the repellent and when will all this 3 of the topics that we covered and we clean radio broadcast. if you would like any more information on the corona virus or any other science products, you should really check out our podcast, get it wherever you get your podcast. you can also find a game w dot com or in science. let me ah, this is d, w and using these are our top stories, tens of thousands of people in the east of democratic republic of congo. offline, the city of goma, off the authorities was that a nearby volcano could erupt again soon as the 2nd time the residents fed, the city of 2000000, mount young congo erupted on saturday night with novel flowing within

a few 100 meters of gomez outskirts you foreign ministers have met to discuss further sanctions against fellow.