the point against the corona virus pandemic now has the rate of infection in developing what measures are being taken. what does the latest research say? information and context, ah, i recently dated in special monday to friday on d, w. i in the news. food is the fuel of our existence, nearly a $2000000000.00 of us on the planet to be that each of us needs food every day. but the way we get food has been problematic for the last many decades. industrial

food production go to option, has a severely negative impact on our environment. how can we course corrected now so that our future generation don't go hungry? that's what we talk about today. hello, welcome to eco india. let's start to the sho in west when gold here of food production is not just about feeding the population. it's also about giving ruined women a bach out of poverty. a lack of education has often held women back, but a local organization is empowering them to set up their order mostly businesses. let's see how the the life is hard for 21 year old regina hard good. it is for the most of the women, and this is a full matter to young and the forced to turn their backs on the education even if

my father's income was low. so i wasn't able to study beyond class 9, but didn't have all sisters. i don't want, but i father's income wasn't enough to support them. that's 5 either or married on it. is it the women here in the rest been gone? are responsible for the house and the church. they're financially dependent on their husband. when money is tight, the funds from private graduate for like just like for my b b, she used her vetting jewelry as collateral. all really she never wanted to borrow money into coven, cielo. you're not going. when i was in a to financial situation, i did pawn off my jewelry and haven't been able to release it. we've also heard of other people around us pond off that you to be and gold, but haven't yet been able to buy it back either. sure why you're going to read the

one the they tell the fight in that it is a widespread problem in this region. save of the nothing he set up the 0 foundation which is trying to help improve women's lives in chocolate, especially women, dentistry. they usually give women's or not men. however, the women are mostly and educated and don't know how much they've been learned, or how much they need to repay. the because they have not been educated. they aren't able to calculate properly or do any kind of account device and it's a kind of exploitation that goes on here. problem exploitation is that the situation changed. when of the mother began to reach out to the the estimate that just one and 5 of them, you can read and write. and that's what organizations, which is finance from natalie to donations and scientific project. zeroes in on. now i'm going to move in. so we make arrangements for the learning,

particularly banashali language, mathematics and english mathematics, which is going to look at it. what i did about the 1st age is the education. and then we implement different types of income generating projects and come to national different. but it's going to be good to know. so these are one such projects. the 0 foundation helps the local set up self help groups. they are then able to leave land from farm the by fresh to prevent damage and nutrient loss making yields more reliable. this way, they can also avoid using pesticides in contrast to bigger nurseries in the region . road you know how to now work. in addition to her normal housework booster, the 1st started the nose really didn't know much about gardening and how to grow the plans. there was another nursery next to us, so we had back to it and taught ourselves how to care for the plant. the women's

groups finance activity through micro credit loans from a cooperative bank in the region of the lovers foundation helps them gain access to legitimate fun financial assistance. deaf financial transactions are quite transparent to the savings banking and loans done to the cooperative department through the corporate environment for people. this is a better method plus they won't need external funds betterment that the government already has a lot of funds that we can use here on monday. and we don't need money from external agency and fund like the vending. so seedlings of different varieties, of course, are in the, in june. lemme cochran and mag, oh, then the sound, the young plans to the bigger local work as well. you will income stream to their family f one

able to construct a concrete house with the proper roof gate rules in the window and a bathroom. i've also been able to buy my son's textbooks on time and enroll him in a private. but i will be chuckle over there, just located in the brahman, put delta sediment. deposit left in the river tributaries makes the soil sufficient for the climate change is making a particularly vulnerable to storm which are increasing in a stress. a cycle on last year had a very serious impact for a coup. few issue. i'm friends, zacko and i'm fun. was a serious problem. good and has badly damaged the land and plant blunt, we're on the 0 foundation donated 200000 rupees and 2200 years to help with the destruction and future. the women will dig channels between the seedlings to avoid water damage during heavy rain.

more than $300.00 women in the region belong to a total of 9 self help groups. it might have added to their workload, but owning their own living in the nurseries makes them proud and more independent . as we just saw, the local organic food production that's helping women find their freedom is the exception rather than the default, which is a consistent dependence on industrialized food production has massively decreased the genetic diversity of plant crops. genetic were i to ensure that our planet, as a whole, tribes can see banks help in bringing back some of the diversity. let's find out how the earth produces a rich variety of plants adapted to wide range and habitats around the globe.

there are around 400000 species known to science, less than 10 percent, our edible corn rice, and we'd account for more than half the global food supply me ever since humans began adopting a sedentary lifestyle. they have collected seats to plant the 1st crops were cultivated over 10000 years ago by farmers in mesopotamia. now modern day iraq and turkey. some 200000 varieties of weight alone have developed from the early stock having a wide range of crops and genetic diversity within each variety helps to secure our food supply and lose the greater diversity, the smaller the risk of fleet, or some other staple being wiped out worldwide by a single pest or disease. that's why c,

banks are so important by the oldest is in st. petersburg and dates back to 894. today the seed bank and gardens live in germany, boasts one of the world's most diverse collections. many of the seeds stored here are found nowhere else. these are the large seed archives have now been established all over the world. mm. they each collect the various seeds and plans from different regions. many are then stored at the local sieboldt on the norwegian island of spits barragan's. but out in the fields, the trend is towards less diversity. during the 20th century alone, an estimated 75 percent of crop diversity was lost. according to the un food and agriculture organization, the reasons are many and varied. the industrialization of agriculture ment crop suddenly had to fulfill different requirements. they have to

produce a high yield, all right, then at the same time and not suffer damage when being harvested by heavy machinery . our modern globalized trade network means fruit and vegetables now need to stay fresh while being transported over long distances. very few varieties can live up to those demands. the range of produce in our supermarkets is deceiving, the tomatoes and cucumbers may look different, but genetically they're very similar. this genetic poverty is not without risk. in the 1970s, for example, a virus destroyed one quarter of the rice harvest across the whole of asia. it was only through cross breeding the rice, with a wild variety that the crop became resistant to the virus. thus rescuing the world's single most important food stable for thousands of years. farmers had collected their own seats and swap them amongst themselves to improve

their harvest and develop new varieties. but in recent decades, a steadily declining number of seed companies has been selling an increasingly limited range of sorts. 95 percent of cabbage varieties, for example, have already disappeared. the companies designed their own crops and secure them with the patent. they supply 2 thirds of the global market. often farmers are unable to collect seeds and are required to buy certain fertilizers and pesticides . but a growing number of people worldwide are seeking to reverse this trend by increasing crop diversity and distributing seeds without patents. a nonprofit organization in austria called us noah, or noah's ark, collect seeds of old endangered varieties. it propagates the scenes and then passes them on to a supermarket chain,

which sells both the seeds and their produce. industrialized food production is often synonymous with the use of pesticides. a cocktail of chemical substances used to protect plans from best. we now know that the substances are detrimental to our health and the health of the environment. our report on exploring how feasible it is to produce food without chemical pesticides. ah, everybody hates a pest. and since the dawn of agriculture, we've been trying to keep them away from our ancient greek and adoption communities, drain the cap and even domesticated moses to keep locust and away from the serial and food crops. ah, some european communities were more inspired. 2 from my pipes,

the flute, some tried to keep the gardens and farms and bloom with the right music. ah . but even in the 20th century, we saw ludicrous methods of pest control. like in china, where the entire country declared war on mosquitoes, flies sparrows and rats killing millions of each keeping. that's the way in whatever way possible has been necessary to avoid famines and increase food availability. but best control really blew up in the global north and the post war pesticide, iraq. what chemicals will synthesize from organic compounds and used widely for the 1st time. this will be hugely forward, as crop you shot out. and the developing world had so called green revolution, chemical fertilizers and pesticides flooded the market. and high yielding seats began to be used across the global south. some estimates say it's saved or

100000000 lives in countries that were on the verge of a food crisis. for a while, economies prospered as more people were fed, it seemed like a magical solution had been found lately. however, this method of farming has seen a lot of critics yield. he's getting more per unit of area of any given crop. now you can do that by improving the genetics of the crop and then throwing chemical the ground and for a while that might work in the long term goals. what you end up with is causing all kinds of chemistry problems. and so for example, in punjab, in india right now, at the center of the green revolution use the soil facility it's on the thing. one intrinsic problem is the way in which best decides work you have to seeing that is called the best a site trend. neil, the more pesticides you apply, the more you need to apply. it's almost like a junkie you get addicted to it. now, the more you take, the more be less effective,

it becomes an a more you need to apply events. the effect has been to korea, studying herbivores and pests, and how did react and respond to pesticides. these like evolving resistance to, to an anti diabetic know, if you know you, they are set these to some extent, but then eventually, especially you abuse them. then you a ball resistance to, to them, the same thing happened, which is they have roles. resistance to the side store more apply the more resistant to population b. com and cyber coating. the soil indiscriminately also leads to other species dying off. in the last 30 years, global insect populations around farms have declined by up to 75 percent. and that's not all run off from farms fil rivers with chemicals. and when the drain and

the ocean nickel of large populations of wildlife from shocked turtles and whales like the gulf of mexico dead zone. not to mention the frank pesticides also causes pharma problems from skin rations to long term lung damage. and the residues that remain on produce can cause long term health conditions among the people that eat the fruits and vegetables. that's of negligence. but providence of industrial farming say alternatives either too expensive to scale worldwide, or use too much land, especially as i remaining forest need protection. now more than ever. but is this still true? organic is the umbrella term for anything without chemical pesticides? regulation for what isn't, isn't organic value by country, but generally fall in line with natural biological systems and protecting water and biodiversity. organic farming that can include introducing natural predators to

keep us a way of doing multiple crops to improve soil health and even using organic pesticides that are generally less toxic chemicals. this does lead to more lab needed for agriculture and less. overall, the jury is still out and where the organic food is actually much more nutritious. but what is thought is that organic vegetables contain far fewer pesticide residues and therefore healthy. but there are a lot of gray areas. organic funds can be small scale and catered to local communities, or they can be large and industrial, transporting food over large distances, sometimes overseas. so not all organic farms mean local and happy and your which so many if and, but how did the to compare. we had looked at 40 years of all the studies then

comparing organic with conventional farming revenues. and his team found that while conventional firms produce 10 to 20 percent higher yields, organic farming is not only better for the environment but, and more surprisingly, it was more profitable, significant. and part of that reason is because organic farmers get a premium for their food. they get more money over that 40 year period between 975-200-2015. the premium average about 30 percent more high price of organic food can be ignored. the eggs cost up to 3 times more in germany where i live, for example, organic milk is double the cost of conventional milk. but at the moment of all the farm land around the world, the share of completely organic farms is just 1.5 percent. as this grows,

the price of organic produce is expected to fun to make organic food more accessible. exact prices have already log you started to fall in the last 10 years around the world. but do we need to cut down more flores? okay, and organic, you sustain the was our saw, the show very can be food convincingly that given the yields that are produced in the, in organic agriculture and the amount of food that is needed to satisfy the demon attrition requirement of the human population. that is possible with organic agriculture to produce food. many other studies have come to the same conclusion, but with one major caveats, diet. if people is only vague and food,

100 percent of the population could be fed on organics using just the land we already farm on. mediterranean ism would gives us a 94 percent success rate and a western style me to have a diet gives this a 15 percent chance. there is another big factor as well. in efficiency, right now of told of all the for the produce worldwide gets wasted. and we also basically produce a lot of, i wouldn't call it truly, but there's a lot of grain that's produced to to feed cars for ethanol or, you know, biofuels. a good example of inefficiency of land use is con, most gone, harvested in the u. s. goes directly to feed animals to be boned as fuels one less than a 10th of the food system. ah. so in theory we could feed the world

with just organic food, especially with more plants based diet and more efficient farming system. but do we need to get rid of all testifies, maybe we don't need to be for the article. it might be we live with some of the synthetic chemicals, but we use them just to tweak. we use them in very small amounts. we use more of the last resource around the was more and more farmers are integrating their farms, growing organic crops with best decide only when needed or targeting certain crops, rather than flooding feels with chemicals. so the question is, what can we do as conscious consumers, your fresh brothers buy them more locally? know your farmer, they tend to be organic. governments are going to support farmers, they need to incentivize good farming practices and say,

or growing cover crops, they should be supported for longer crop rotations to help them do it. they should be supported to convert to these more integrated and organic systems. the best thing you can do as an individual is to join a movement. whether that movement is the international peasant movement of your company, which has hundreds of millions of land with workers, farmers, peasants, and supporters around the world. or whether it's some of the other movements making dramatic calls. so systemic change in the the way that we are operate, the movement to ditch chemicals is growing. and between farmers, consumers and the state doing their bits. we could one day make these cheesy happy farms. a reality, as we saw earlier in the show, genetic diversity of crops is worth preserving. on the outskirts of bang, we met

a man who runs a community garden. and in this age of rapid globalization, he set a lofty goal of growing and promoting traditional regional fees. let's see how he does it. the me typically traditional indian meet drive on bread. so little bit idea of side dishes . each made off a number of ingredients. but as india has been, i saw too has the way its people eat meals have become faster, easier and much less diverse. but many ingredients even being flown in from around the world. a study found that around a tote of what indians eat, comes from abroad. artists and gardeners today, coma is the force behind a movement to save in the genus foodstuffs. he has founded on revival project called surge up with it and could just be boot to grow local and seasonal foods

that have slowly disappeared from their lives. actually the recipe has been changed, but the ingredients become very less. so people, when they're made in the peak season build, add 15 to 20 kind of hubs and greens in one curry. and i would just come to 2 or 3 types, which most of them are buying from the shops and shops are selling what farmers growing and farmers are growing. what people are selling margins of community garden on the outskirts of bengal, lulu in the village, fuller gate and it is filled with interesting crops that a hyper local and now rare this squashed, i thought used as a vegetable and cooking is a bucket. god, we have to break open the spot. now the pressure is inside. it is of the seeds. so you see it can get at least 10 because it's a high limit, i think. and it can be out on like $5.00 to $6.00 get low so it can feed like to 3

families as well as good using foods with a better taste and flavor, heirloom feeds, i talk to produce more nutritious fruits and vegetables. many edible plants once grew around the village, but villages have lost the skills to have is them that the current generation doesn't know what is edible and what is not eventually the guns going for us. and we went to the, the mission going back. the landscape is not clean anymore. you see a lot of $3.00, a lot of construction may have a cause moving around and things like that. so that is the reason actually. i want to rewrite them and it's not just learning to forage in past months. at least 15 rural families have been inspired by the project. they have started their own kitchen garden that meet around 50 percent of that really needs to feed all the people who live on the planet is no small feat. industrialized food production seemed like a great idea in the early days, but now that it's extracted new ideas of the need of our,

i hope the ideas we share with you today have menu. think about the value of food comes from and how we could make it more environmentally friendly. he will get next week with many more such ideas. until then good bye. the the the, the me the the who's

the the the the ah. the green. see worried about the meal host of the on the green protocol as me as clear remains to change the solutions or out that join me for did the green transformation to me

for them. we don't want to think what they are. they're rise to the on the scene, our new global 3000 theories about the threats we are facing. and the heroes taking a sense of the global $3000.00 theories starts june 21st on d. w. how does a virus spread? why the repairman and when will all this 3 of the covered and a weekly radio, if you would like any more information on the kroner virus or any other science topics, you should really check out our podcast. you can get it wherever you get your

podcast. you can also find those at ww dot com slash science, or human ready to get more places in europe are smashing all the record step into a venture. just don't lose your grip. the treasure map for modern gold trotter's, gopher some of europe's wicker breaking site. and now also in book form, sometimes a seed, it's all you need to allow the big ideas to grow when bringing environmental conservation to life with learning, like global lighting is we will show you how climate change and mental conservation is taking shape around the world. and how we can all make

a difference knowledge and grows through sharing, download it now. for me . the news police arrest the prominent hong kong activists on the anniversary of the chinaman square massacre, child hung tomb is known for getting thousands onto the street to remember the $989.00 violence a change. we caught up with her shortly before her arrest. also on the show, one of germany's leading catholics office, his resignation to the cardinal hot marks, the archbishop of munich says he has to share responsibility for the catastrophe of sexual abuse by clerics over the past decade.

ah, i'm any mckennan. welcome to the program. today marks the anniversary of beijing's 1989 chinaman square massacre in hong kong will source. he's banned the annual vigil for the victims for the 2nd year and the robot several 100 people still gathered near victoria park where thousands usually attend the commemoration . many candles are shown lights from their mobile phones. thousands of police were deployed across the city and they made several arrests. the most high profile arrest was less of child hang tongue, a prominent democracy activist, involved in organizing the vigil. hello, a warning shot 2 would be protesters. on the anniversary of the day,

the dimmed hopes for democracy in china. activists chow hung toner, arrested by plainclothes, police, her ledge, crime. promoting unauthorized as simply weeks ahead of the 32nd anniversary of chinaman square. the organisation, hong kong alliance, led by chow, began promoting the commemoration. ciao, at the time, eerily prescient, is actually going beyond just the requirements on timeline is also go to the heart of what hong kong. where do we still have the fight? try to know whether we are still missing. we are, we can still to serve our pre freedom by our own action. the authorities seem determined to stop people gathering police had been the vigil for the 2nd year in a row, citing cobra safety restrictions. although other mouse gatherings, including at amusement parks, have resumed organizer see hong kong vigil as

a symbol of freedom in the chinese territory. it's not just about commemorating the protest of $989.00, but about being able to just sit and to be able to call for an end to one party rule. no question, not the government one to replicate the risk. it's not insisting on some slogan, awesome. from principle, the risk is what we are doing. sincerely fighting for the end of one party dictatorship day. we always do that with john was one of the few leaders, hong kong pro democracy movement not already behind bars was coming in her breast, put a constant battle activist under even more pressure. he w correspondence. phoebe kong is in hong kong. she told me that despite child's arrest and the heavy police presence, people still found ways to mark the anniversary. hello enforcement has actually deployed several thousands offices to god every plays

a recall. and i'm calling just because samuel and the kind of like commemoration. and just hours ago, police tries to disperse anyone, including a journalist and bystanders. like what gays off the pop. we couldn't even say advocate off david cox, but now people are resorting to more innovative and most capital ways to commemorate the anniversary that all the streets we have seen, people is waiting on the lights off the move out and holding hand those to mourn the victims also hammond and tenement anniversary and also some of them they play protests on outside of cox. so they saw some of the ways that they wanted to say the activism and also some of the churches are hold like private digital or even the commemoration service. putting the premises in some activists,

they try to set up the booth to distribute those to help just to try to sustain their very challenging activism here on the ground, hong kong. but of course, we have been receiving warnings from the authorities throughout the day. they want people not to try to like challenge the right line. let's take a look back at what happened on june. the 4th 190-8091 chinaman square. for several weeks leading up to that day, the square had become a focal point for protests against economic hardship and corruption. students also gathered to demand the democratic rights and freedoms from the communist party, communist government. by june, the for chinese leaders sent in troops to crush the demonstration. footage of a loan protest are standing in front of a line of tanks has become one of the most enduring symbols of the violin. no one knows exactly how many people were killed. some say hundreds,

others say thousands who at high she was one of the leaders as the student pro democracy movement in china on china square. today he lives in taiwan. earlier we asked him if police for the people, for the massacre coming in 1909. when nobody could have seen that coming. chinese government has conducted a long time propaganda that the government under communist government is the peoples government. and then the spending troops of china, people's liberation army is peoples army in 1989. and i think nobody can anticipate that the real standing folks will using real ammunition shoot at the peaceful protesters along letting tank roll over them. so it came up in came as a major surprise, a major shock to every a 1000000000 chinese take

a look now, some of the other stories making news around the world. the father of detained bell russian activists to roman press to say that he has joined key figures in the opposition movement and saying that his son appeared on state t. v. under severe giraffe savage and his girlfriend have been in detention since may 23rd. when the flight were for the last 10 minutes, russian president vladimir putin says the 1st line of the north stream to gas pipeline to germany has been laid speaking as an economic forum and st. petersburg . he disputed that russia was unconcerned by climate change and said moscow support at the paris climate, of course greece has begun vaccinating people against the corona virus and migrant camps on the island. after this has come under criticism by rights, groups for being flows, vaccinate asylum seekers at risk in overcrowded camps. race rolled out in the

nation campaign to the general public in january and germany's most senior catholic clara has offered his resignation to put francis germany's cardinal. the fine hot mom says he'd not share responsibility for what he called the the sexual abuse by members of the catholic church. in his remarks, he admitted to personal failures, as well as institutional and systemic failure. has been a leading voice in the pool for church reform. his resignation comes just weeks after the pope or did a review several of germany sex abuse scandal within the church. initial investigations show, decades of cover up by the clergy. cardinal monk spoke a little earlier as a press conference that take a listen to what he said. get your museum candy. me for me. this is about taking joint responsibility for what happened inside the church. on the place which is

a post to provide space for healing for hope and confidence and horror about the fact that inside our churches, this amount of sexual abuse took place, fund 6 will let me get more on this developing story with religious affairs expert john barry from thanks for joining us. and why did cardinal marks resign and why now? but he's later offering his resignation to the pope. he gives the impression that he is disgusted with the very slow progress that performs within the church. and specifically, with regard to the child abuse scandal. on the other hand, one has to also see that he's under considerable fire himself for having not investigated the case of the priest and his own diocese, the diocese, a tree at the time. 2006, accused of child abuse. and that was really only brought to the public attention the 2 months ago by the media. so he is on the fire and his letter of resignation.

mentions personal failure. but it's packed away in a, in a letter that is really a distress signal about failure within the systems failure within the institution. and one, his critics would say that he is deflecting criticism from himself personal because of them to the institution. how big of a deal is this resignation and how important a figure is cardinal mark than the the hierarchy of the catholic church. i knew it above show. cardinal marks is not only athenian bishop in germany. he is. he's president of the e. u. conference of catholic bishops and he belongs to the smallest select group of people advises. so this is, this is a decision request for or his resignation that will have echoes throughout the catholic church everywhere in the world. it's

a little bit puzzling to me the logic of this because this is a man whose spend all his adult life in the catholic church and in much of it in positions of great or 30. and he says in his letter, he talks about author optimistically about the need for reforms. this seems to me very strange that a man in this situation can draw the conclusion that he personally is not in some way responsible to assist with these reforms. he wants to resign. would it be fair to say that the catholic church is right now in a major crisis, both here in germany and around the world? well, certainly in europe and in north america, it is in a crisis. i think that is the church is not experience since the protestant reformation in the 16th century. and cardinal marks is presenting himself as, as a reformer. but his critics would say, perhaps there's also a very food korea move. because in fact is the logical positions of quite

conservative. he's opposed to women being ordained priests. he's opposed to the blessing of same sex marriages and many other issues associated with traditionalists. he hasn't ortho, he also hasn't resigned his position often to resign as a select advisor to the pope. and if he simply resigns as bishop of munich, we may well find him. a landing up with a, with a very even more influential position of the vatican. i'm sure they watching the repercussions of this closely. john barrett, religion has accept. thank you very much. well, sorry, season munich. se $14000.00 fans will be allowed to attend each match at footballs . european championship, which starts next friday. the germans city is one of 11 hosts for the pan european tournament and had until now, refused to give guarantees on numbers are reported. max merrill went to munich to have a closer look at what's in store for fans. that munich,

one of the original hosts for the postponed euros you a for wanted old 12 cities to guarantee fans could attend matches. dublin then bowed out bill bow was replaced by seville, and the bavarian capital was love to confirm its participation. meaning kept of guessing for a while, but eventually they gave the green light for, for matches to be played here. so let's take you inside one of the euros venues. fans arriving at the leon. serena will undergo a number of strict hygiene controls. wandering in like this won't be possible on match days. this is germany 2nd biggest stadium. the exterior is covered in nearly $3000.00 inflated panels. it's the 1st stadium in the world with a full color changing facade. usually this is the home of german reco championed by and munich who moved here in 2005 germany. i'm going to be playing all that group

matches in this stadium, which under normal circumstances can host over $70000.00 people. but during the euros it won't even be a quarter full due to covert protocols. the city east restrictions in may meaning be a gardens like this one are open again. so how the locals feel about welcoming fans? finish. i think it's good football, just the same without fans. it's boring is by his language and middle values and measures are supposed to cure that. there is no need tories. people follow the rules because they are used to them by now. your plan was this year, your social events in the d. m. d. you seem to be a bit person. please stand the case. numbers are so unpredictable and in science we can just hope that a few fans will be bad. i think we puffin surveys. i'm going in as europe gears up for a cross continental tournament,

fans will hope the only surprises they experience will be on the football pitch. you're watching the w new life from berlin up next is the w business. with my colleague robots, i'm a new groups in the kitchen and thanks for watching. and i hope you can join me for more news at the top of the hour with ah, please listen carefully.