the frankfurt ought international gateway to the best connections, road and rail. located in the heart of europe, you are connected to the whole world. experience and standing shopping and dining offers, enjoying our services. be our guest at frankfurt, airport city, managed by from board. oh. the. the this is the w news, and these are the top stories, low enforcement agencies around the world have made hundreds of arrest as part of a thing targeting organized crime networks. investigators say they gathered evidence by tricking suspects and using a messaging app that was actually controlled by the f b. i police read the communications as they planned drug deals, weapons sales,

and murder. un judge's have upheld the sentence and charges against full bosnian serb military commander. but co manadis special is the final verdict for him after he appealed his life sentence and conviction for genocide, crimes against humanity and war crime. logic was the command of behind the 1995 strip and it's a massacre and other atrocities during the bosnian war. but the french president, my name across, was slapped in the face during a walk about a little town in south east france is security entourage pulled the man to the ground. the president described the incident as an isolated event. the police have detained 2 people. this is dw news from berlin. you can find much more on our website, d, w dot com. the o. a

bad co, not it's that he sources during the bosnian war in 2017, the butcher of boss there was convicted on charges of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. today you and court upheld his life sentence for his role in the killing of around 8000 bosnian, muslim men and boys in what became known as a strep, and it's a massacre. so was this justice and what lessons others still to learn from europe's worst atrocities since world war 2. i'm fil galion berlin and this is the day the news to the also got the final judgment that dismisses me in

a life sentence for the master for crimes committed someone has to paying for all these children killed here. someone has to pay for the unloading, then for the housing, the individual identifies individuals into the are we still need to be investigated and process the also on the day and a huge global sting there be. i am police forces around the world, a trick. hundreds of crooks using planted encrypted phones, criminals. so they were chatting in secret on these devices. but the feds were listing it and the distributors, administrators and agents had so much competency in the secrecy of their devices that they openly marketed them to other potential users. as designed by criminals for criminals. but the devices were actually operated by the f b i the beginning, the day in court,

in the hague, where united nations war crimes judges have rule that, that co melodic will spend the rest of his life in jail and upheld the live sentence against the 78 year old form above the military chief for his role in genocide and other atrocities during the bosnian war. in the early ninety's lodge led troops responsible for a string of deadly campaigns, including the 1995 reverend it's a massacre. and the feature of c just ferry over the decision is his final verdict . following his appeals against the convictions and the sentences he received in 2017 this was the final verdict on the so called butcher of bosnia radco luggage in his late seventies will spend the remainder of his life behind bars. you put luggage over saw the cold blooded killing of some 8000 mostly muslim men and boys. when his bosnian serb troops overran the town of trevor,

anita the slaughter is the only crime in europe that has been declared to genocide since world war to some of the victims, relative travel to the hague. by all that historic verdict, the war criminal has lived here the final ruling on his life sentence. our goal was never for someone to suffer, but to make him take responsibility for what he has done in sara a city lot. it's held under siege for more than 3 years, while his snipers and shells killed thousands of civilians rather than expressed subdued relief may seem, he deserved the life to do. and i hope that's a mother that's for benito. are satisfied with the burden or at least those who survive toys. but in other bosnian cities, many serves, continue to revere the former military chief, claiming he just try to protect his people because

the people and their politicians will never accept idea their general law added to the war criminal nor that genocide was committed here. hand painted banners in the countryside outside of sara, you vote. testify to that sentiment to this to day one of the big challenges we seen the region that individuals who have been convicted for war crimes are still considered as heroes in ours, of their communities. back in reverend ethos, the verdict is an important step. but for these women, there are still no guarantees that the hatred that lead to the deaths of their sons and husbands has disappeared from bosnia and society for good lamesa castorena survive 899295 bars noon war. she was a child in, sorry, over was, it was being shared by bosnian serb troops. today she is deputy director of

remembering shepherd. it's a charity dedicated to creating a saucy, free from hatred by learning the lessons of that conflict. welcome to d. w. can we start with your reaction to the verdicts radco luggage will not face life behind bars. yeah, thank you. first of all for having me on tonight, my initial reaction obviously was one of i think some rest bite. it kind of felt like i could read easier. however, i know that this is not really the end for us to fight continue. and i think obviously it's phenomenal that he was convicted on 10 out of the 11 charges as well as the charge of genocide. however, i think there are so many bars and families and survivors that are still warning. and really, i think really from the fact that that 11 count,

that count were genocide in other municipalities unfortunately did, was not counted. he was acquitted of that. you said that the voting allows you to, to breathe a little easier and there was doubt in your mind that, that he's, he's voting would be upheld i, you know, i think as a barbarian survivor, i have, i've learned to always be prepared for the absolute words does journey towards us getting a sense of justice has just been so immensely long. i mean it's been 26 years. i'm now full grown adult and my thirties with a child of my own. and for me, this process started when i was, you know, the age that my daughter is now actually. so i think for us we have just always had to be cautiously optimistic. there was always

a little thing in the back of my head. why do we equip them? what do we do that children? interesting and then you sit there and you look at your daughter. anything? well, what i was your age. things were so so different. yeah, absolutely. and obviously, you know, as a mother, i'm extremely thankful that you know, she, it does not have to go through what i went through. and in fact, you know, i've made it really my life mission as a survivor of the war in the genocide, to ensure that other children don't have to go through what i went through. and it's this weird experience. when you grow up, you become a mother yourself and a parent and you realize, wow, any dots only when i actually realized how awful it was, what we had to go through and the circumstances and the environment that we really forced into, which was one of you know very for your life when a daily basis and it's just gruesome, but that was our life. that was our daily reality. being without water being

without electricity being without food. and obviously, you know, living in here, not just that i was going to be shelter or bonder, serves older. we're going to come to take me away. but knowing that there was a member of my family that were imprisoned in concentration camps. knowing that there's a possibility, and in fact it ended up being true that there was so many of my loved ones that i knew i would never see again. and this was, you know, as somebody who is only 56 years old. so having that knowledge is a very, very young child, really does stay with you for forever and 26 years on. we have peaks, but we also have a section of society that buffy governor who see rudco la h as a hero, we had in the reform one person assigned to. so people will never accept that

language is a war criminal nor that genocide was committed. how does one society co here, how do you stick together when this terrible thing happened? and there are people amongst you, refuse to believe that it did, or that it wasn't justified? well, it's very difficult. i think this is really where, you know, there's miss police. i think feeling of a lot of people who believe that by receiving diverting he is that he did receive, getting life improvement justice has been served and now the country can move forward and recover. but that's not going to be the case because even today, obviously if somebody is highly outspoken about the bombing genocide, you know, i received to have emails and draft from last quarter. and that is an almost daily reality for me. how do we move on when there's people who believe that,

how do we i think the question we should really be asking is, what can everyone else do to help bob being involved actually become a more cohesive community and a stable society. ok, so your stage and what should, what should we be doing? well, for one, i think the, you know, this sort of normalizing of people like your dog, the president look at 6 got the entity and even people like which is the president of serbia who both of them to this. they deny the genocide. it's not the regular people that really have any control or power. and honestly, if it's a random stranger who thinks the ethical adage is a hero and isn't guilty, that's not so much of an issue as it is when it's on a state level. and it's absolutely on

a state level and i think that's what the international community has to understand that there are still politicians who are held by the international community. we're absolutely denying the genocide instigating of no nationalism continuing to. so those seeds of hatred until that's fixed until there's i think some harsh, i think may be interference or punishment. and even, you know, a ban on jet upside denial or punishment of justified reliable isn't being as a form of hate speech until any of things are occur. i just don't see any they actually progressing. and so the work continues. thank you so much for joining us. on a costume from remembering stripping is the

police forces around the world have made hundreds of arrests as part of a major sting targeting organized crime networks. investigators gathered evidence by tricking suspects in using a messaging app that was actually controlled by the f. b i in the united states criminal. so the encrypted shots were secure but didn't know the police were intercepting and beating their communications. as they plotted drug deals, deals and murder, drugs, guns, and money, lots of money. that's on top of over $800.00 arrests worldwide in operation trojan shield. top law enforcement officials around the world worked together to distribute $20000.00 devices. they named anime to criminals who thought their messages were encrypted. while police read their communications, police disrupted dozens of plots. users who tried to check in on the website on tuesday were greeted with this message. this domain has been

seized, the f b. i gave details. and to give you an idea of the magnitude of our penetration, we were able to actually see photographs of hundreds of tons of cocaine that were concealed in shipments of fruit. we are able to see hundreds of killers and cocaine that were concealed in can goods. australian police mounted raids based on intercepted messages in swedish and dutch cops among others. in germany, police made dozens of arrests, even muslim ist. and this measure is a very, very big blow against organized crime. was increasingly uses encrypted internet communications to plan deeds top thinking that these communications

cannot be perceived and monitored by law enforcement agencies involved in non want vice replies. burbock van authorities admitted that they were only able to intercept a small percentage of criminal chat worldwide. but they've sent a message, no communications are truly safe. well, that's a look at this with rafael. the song who's an expert on you in german security policy from the german institute for international insecurity affairs. welcome to d w. so we've got around 9000 police arresting more than 800 suspects and 16 countries, that's quite a coordination and quite an achievement. sure. i mean, the big show operation for the f, b i and all those involved the law 1st of the time the after effect. so this is the beginning of a longer campaign that we'll see. but course we also have to be realistic when

you're filled right through this report, you know, the hydra you had and other scroll back and i think the stuff we have to always my cellphone. so when i see a patients like this, especially one on such a vast scale, all these, all these police officers around the world going and at the same time, it begs the question, does this mean that crimes were allowed to go ahead over the 2 years of this investigation in order to avoid the criminals knowing that they were actually that, that communications were actually compromised. was also information details were really shared. but that was a massive sting operation, basically. and it's also telling, i mean there was been previous takeovers of those communications in europe and, and quick chat that was last year. but i was actually

a few months running for almost 3 years, or 2 and a half years. and i think for those the operations, many european services are not allowed to do this in this kind of manner. so yeah, i suppose that they kind of kept the cover for quite some time. and it is just like a film because that the criminal justice system so much that they were actually recommending them to each other. yeah, i mean that was one of the reasons opperation. when i just into that with the b service provider, taken down, my kid was one before in canada and there was another one in march been taken down . so, i mean, there are many, many more, but those 3 take down create a new demand and that was the actual strategy to flaw, to have more people floating to the new operate service. so, so that was trying to seek was that they were kind of hoping the criminal would not see the truck. i don't think that's going to be repeatable anytime soon,

unless they're already out there. and of course, this is a very different way for law enforcement to act, instead of arguing with the likes of apple to, to get them to help them. a lot criminals phones, they effectively made their own. yeah, i mean, this is really a bold. i mean, i don't think this could have really been organized here. i don't want to judge this dental policing and well, the apple phone that was in the very successful. this was a very rich deep intelligence mine into the operation. so, but other thing i don't think we can expect to be the one for the future, but of course the size of police are catching up and also modernizing the ways of working and how does it work and organizing while i'm staying over so many different jurisdictions well, i mean, believe we're always in international,

i mean, interposed already more in the previous phone, more than a 100 years old. so it's not like police are new to this path. but of course, this is a new quality of international cooperation. and i think many are to plot it for that. i'm into the i have international networks with decades, and i'm here in the street and the reason taking part. but all your opponent are important to it and many other european services. so i think there have been a number of operations and last couple of years because spot man, because start darkness trading places again on the chat services kind of creating community policing that does help him to finish the french on the dash on the west thing that's that's what we seeing and these kind of experts really work cross borders because well, of course also criminal work orders can tell you thank you so much for joining us, raphael by song from the gemini institute for international insecurity. fast thank you. oh,

i want to be clear to folks in this region who are thinking about making that dangerous track to the united states, mexico, board or do not come me has come, harris and gloss amana with a clear message to would be my grants. the us vice president who is on her 1st foreign trips since taking office. she's been to mexico, where she met a president on jasmine lopez, oprah door, and to pass the signing of a memorandum on how to tackle the causes of migration, including poverty and political oppression. let's get more of this from d w correspondent, cutting edge of more in washington dc. welcome kind of limits. so do not come. that's quite a usa, compact vice president's compassionate rhetoric when she was campaigning. our people reacting to the switch harris has been

criticized from members of her own party here in washington. fail. not only because it's a you turn in the immigration policy that by then harris administration originally promised. but also because it is quite surprising to hear these words from a woman who her telephone, the daughter of immigrants who came to the united states from india and jamaica for many hearing the words do not come from a vice president who based her whole political campaign and tracing that she is the daughter of immigrants and who knows that migrants are often in a situation where they just don't have a choice. has been a disappointment. congresswoman alexandra has the protest, for example, cold terry's comments truly disappointing and said that seeking asylum is a legal means of entry. and this whole trip and the words vice president harris has chosen just so that the bite and harris administration is really under a big political pressure in this issue. right. is that what, what is prompted this?

this change of tone because this is a decades old problem. it is its politics fail. what the cats are working on here is on avoiding the images of a crowded childers have the us border. the ones we saw actually march and april this year, and the republicans, especially the trump supporters have been using these images from this house border to construct a narrative of fear of thread and in the united states. and this will become, of course, even more important the closer we get to the midterm elections next year. it's important to stress also that the democrats have a razor thin majority in the congress. and they can't really afford to lose a seat in the midterm elections if they lose the majority in congress, they will be in a lanes acceleration where they will just not be able to govern. but what makes cooperation with the northern triangle really difficult? is that a problem at the, the problems for us once the taco are also in the same governments, like,

for example, corruption and then we can see this and that is what makes it really difficult for the united states to cooperate with some of these governments also including mexico well, so president trump made did his best to try and make it an attractive for people to reach the border. this administration seems to be trying to make it more attractive for people to stay in mexico. how are they doing that? the us is trying to address the root causes, etc. those are already mentioned in the northern triangle. that means and what am i, let's talk about or, and in, on today as like, corruption, like violence and also the economic crisis. we are all industrial the pandemic, and what am i allows? well, as in mexico, the us side has signed a series of announcements to fight corruption, and at the same time to empower initiatives from the civil society and also including the private sector. but these are really long standing problems and they

need long term solutions. thank you for that kerry that you're more in washington. and of course, this is not just a mexican problem. every year. hundreds of thousands of people traveled north from central america through mexico in the hope of making it to the united states. the w reporter i tore science has been to the city of a top of tula in northern mexico and southern mexico. near the border with guatemala, it's one of the key arrival points for undocumented central american migrant. danny rios travelled from honduras to mexico with her 2 daughters and 2 nephews. they've just been detained at a checkpoint and have a jeweler and don't know where they will be taken as they arrived last monday. we've been hungry and slept in the park because we had nowhere to sleep. just trying to hold on. none august sanchez has been running

a shelter for migraines and tap at sheila for 3 decades. she's noticed that since you as president joe biden to power more and more women are arriving alone with their children. it's i, you know, sometimes there's a bottleneck in the north and a bottleneck here. we don't know what to do, but people are still coming in. this migrants are forced to seek asylum 1st and mexico before they can continue their journey towards the us. the authorities estimate will receive about $100000.00 asylum applications this year. that's more than doubled the number of last year. the paperwork used to take about 20 days to process. now it takes months. that's left thousands of migraines from haiti and central america stranded in top of chula struggling to survive. several and g o say it's part of a deliberate political strategy to dissuade the migrants from leaving their countries. the u. n. refugee agency says governments need to do more as a,

when you're calling for a greater effort from all countries. if worse, there's not just one country that has to deal with this situation by you get to pick up, we're seeing it across the region. and all the leaders have to be involved in custody of danny and her family spent all their savings to flee the violence in their neighborhood. and his father was recently killed by gang members. so people who killed the boy's father threatening us to we don't want to go back to 100 know locked in this then and worried about deportation. they feared they've invested everything just to end up back where they started. and that was the day i've ever the conversation continues online to find was on twitter at the w news. the news

the news, the news, the news ah, they're important to the economy is huge. but getting hold of them is often a dirty business. critical commodities make us mo bile make our smartphones smart. how can today's global hunger for lithium cobalt and more

re satisfied. made it easier to get started. deliver, deliver, deliver, go home. good morning when to get ready to log in, pick up, started, deliver, deliver. china's carriers work 7 days a week and if they're too slow their wages goble. 3060 minutes. oh, we see them, but they are there. st. our water, our beer. open your eyes to be on our new

global 3000 series. about the threats when you're facing the heroes taking the stands. it's not that important to make up until the global 3000 series starts june 21st on d, w a . me ah, ah, what the batteries, smartphones and even cosmetics have in common. right. i all contain silicon rare earth methods, lithium, and other such elements. yes,

they do even cosmetics. but the bigger issue is in most places, these elements are not readily available and mining them often harms the environment. so today we look at the re, 4 critical raw materials will come to made. so here's something to note down june. the 12 is the united nations world today against child labor. today almost $1.10 of all children worldwide are engaged in child labor. and often they work in hazardous environments like mining the kinds of raw materials we need to keep up our way of life. my car is a group of minerals, houston, electronics, pains, and cosmetics. not only does it add an attractive shimmer to cosmetics, it's also a good conductor of heat and an electrical insulator. but very often, children are involved in mining it. the me, debbie and her 5 year old son bronze. you turn the fin, such a micah mclane,

ring mineral plays a vital role in this regions economy for many people mining. the raw material is the only way to survive. children working for hours in the blistering some in the indian state of john can. it's nothing out of the ordinary. so that took jello glue to my children are so young, but there's no other way of making a living here. there's no farming or nothing. i can't afford to send them to school . i was they have to help me, but they manage to to 2 and a half kilos a day. we work until 5 in the evening. they used to be more than 700 official micah mines in northern india. but in 1980, a new law came in to force planning deforestation that made it almost impossible to access new sources that the mineral companies left. but the minds remained today, some 50000 adults and children work illegally. almost all the workers are dollars

to occupy the lowest rung in the indian car system. many members of indigenous tribes, so as socially marginalized, because there is little in the way of industry in the area. people are reliant on the mines. a kilogram of micro can bring up to the equivalent of 20 euro cents, but often they receive just half of that. middleman clean the mineral enlarge filter drums, the platelets then count into varying sizes. this is how it enters the market. the word mike describes a group of naturally occurring silicate materials that are rigid, yet at the same time, elastic many industries use the mineral and huge quantities among them, the cosmic sector. a

few years ago, anna maria vega and her husband kind founded the company lethal calls metrics, the acres trends that all the ingredients the firm uses are weaken, and ethically sourced can other words, they guarantee no animal testing was involved in production and no child labor one of the key raw materials, lethal cosmetics uses is micah, some of it comes from india. here we have 3 different types of mica. this is, for example, very spartley version, which also has a kinetic effect to it. and what's great about this is that it's face barkley, but it's completely natural. so it's free from any plastics. the yankees can't imagine making their cause metrics without micah that's why they decided to hand pick ban supply in india. they chose the distributor who was able to provide assurances that his mica only comes from mines that don't use child

labor. although in the sector, it's often difficult to determine where the material originated with our for pilot one supplier, that often the manufacturer that also works directly with the mines, but also does the audits of the mines and has the independently audited as well. and that is where we gain the concept of mike. it is used in a wide range of applications. the biggest buyer in 2015, in terms of market value was the electronics industry, followed by companies that added the mineral to banks and lacquers. michael also finds widespread use in the construction industry. and of course, that plays an important role in the cosmetic sector. the every day come on daily and has some toy away to help satisfy the global hunger. for micah, they never have any problem selling what they've collected to one of many traders.

if they receive 150 rupees a little under 2 euros, then it's a good day. she says that's enough to buy some vegetables and rice for that everyone has to pitch in, including both her daughter's aged $7.00 and $9.00. we're going to get to know, i'm always afraid when i'm working that i'll be bitten by insects or snakes or that i'll fall into a pit. let's go online. i'd really like to go to school. but we need money. we don't even have our own house. so i have to collect micah and i'm big u. s. law has been in place in india since 2016. no child under the age of 14 is allowed to work. but the government itself concedes that around $12000000.00 children and young people are doing just fat aid organizations estimate there. around 44000000 child labor's in india. it saw that around 22000 children working in illegal mines in the states of john kind and b ha.

many of them have never known a life without work because of their size. they are also made to crawl into freshly dug unsecured pence and shafts. and i'm always afraid when i'm looking for mica. not long ago over there, 2 or 3 children of my age were buried in one of the shops and they died. yeah, i want to go to school. i don't want this just in the companies that work with micah projects, it's a perpetual balancing act between marketing and morals, business and conscience. at lethal calls, metrics in berlin. the yag is a trying to tackle the issue head on wherever possible. they want to know exactly

where the role materials are coming from. they also don't try to conceal from their customers that they use miter entire regions of india that are financially dependent on like. and so if you replace it with something, for example, if something has synthetic, you're basically taking away their life. so i think it's absolutely within our responsibility, of course, it's also within the responsibility of buddy in the chain to make sure that it's produced ethically as well. because metrics industry is very secretive when it comes to micah 2017. so the launch of the responsible mike, an initiative and a lines of companies obtaining my go from india. they all say they have a clear go to end child labor in the mind by 2022. but an interview on the subject, a camera. well, on our requests, including those sent to big industry names like mac, the current group and cooper shay were turned down.

the, the if you ask the miners of john and how to solve the problem, they say genuine change can only come if mining is once again, officially allowed. because that's the only way to offer workers clear safety standards in a fair wage. then their children wouldn't have to work. some politicians have been demanding the reintroduction of official mining for a long time. not to get to not be my daughter. so you can see that all the labours here are giving this sweat and blood breaking their bones. what kind of life is this you not to, to get like a government congress look the other way. it's about him. we deserve better than this. when and all this toil so that the rest of the world can use not only cosmetics, but also devices like smartphones, they couldn't exist without rare earth. they used to create the vibration, for example, and to display vivid colors. so restless elements are in shoots demand worldwide,

but reserves all finite. did you know there is gold in your smartphone? but don't go smashing it with a hammer. it's just a tiny amount of fraction of a ground. but still, your device also contains 1617 rare earth elements. they are what makes the smartphone smart, for example, neo damien disposal, and praise your jimmy m, make it vibrate, and turbine produces the vivid colors and the display around half of the world's population now has the smartphone and with the number growing rapidly demand for rare earth is set to rise the good news is that rare earth orange in fact all that where the bad news is that mining them is

difficult and bad for the environment. and reserves are finite. the supply of some rare earth could be exhausted in just a few decades. so what can we do about it? well, you could keep your smartphone for longer. and when you do get a new one, have the old when recycled. oh wow, my smartphone is hold on. yes. i think i think it is 8 or 9 years old. wow. guess in terms of the environment i'm doing pretty good. if using a device that runs on lithium ion battery is really is environmentally friendly. i know that those batteries are crucial for the car industry to move away from fossil fuels. electron mobility is the bus word, but how green are these batteries really and what happens to them after they've been used? let's find out the in 2019 john. good enough,

stanley whittingham and kiera, you know, jointly won the nobel prize and chemistry. the discovery of it, you have to turn the magic to change the inventors and develop the technology that most of us use every day. often without even noticing it's in your buds. smart phones, laptop computers, courtland vacuum cleaners, and electric scooters. it's this the lithium ion battery. this technology is key to us driving around without burning fossil fuels. what does it take to make all these batteries? what do we do with them once they've spent me via us, i'll be playing with lego in this video. let's find out. the automobile has brought comfort and independence to the lives of billions of people

. but guzzling, ever growing amounts of fossil fuels has also taken its toll on the climate. we have an energy, thanks to lithium ion battery. we might now be entering a new era mobility because of their high energy density, perfect and electric vehicles for a relatively tiny package. they pack of big punch. the lithium ion battery has read, enable many paul solve the problem in a station. this is eric melon, he found that research and consulting firm focusing on lithium ion batteries. favorite thing and mobility, lithium ion battery is i would say they have been a key technology. really attention is so big in the tech that we get to scale in the, in the production. and that brings the cost down of the battery is the global fleet

of electric vehicles is predicted to grow immensely over the next decade, from around $8000000.00 to $116000000.00. this means the demand for lithium ion battery is but also shoot up. and this is where we might run into some problems. of course, it has a cost. we need materials to to produce about the re sending any extractive industry has an impact on the environment. lithium is f, you probably guessed pretty central to make an a lithium ion battery. about 50 percent of the world's reserve of this alkaline metal can be found here in the so called lithium triangle across argentina, bolivia, and chilly mining. it involves pumping salt water from the ground, legs into pools, and letting it evaporate. a process that could harm the surrounding soil drain water supplies, and contaminate the air. lithium finite, the study found we could run into serious trouble by mid century. if demand keeps growing like this, then there's cobalt that also goes into lithium batteries. it's

a metal mainly found the democratic republic of congo. it's mining has often been linked to inhumane working conditions and child labor people exposed to have suffered from lung disease or heart problems. then you have all the energy that they're required to to make it better in the mission of production will require a lot of energy. this means c o 2 emissions. how much exactly really depends on the electricity mix of the producing country. according to recent figures, making just a small battery for car like this could cause more than 4 tons of c o 2. to give you an idea that's like driving a new diesel car board in the u for about 33000 kilometers. the good news is that emissions are thinking, battery production becomes more efficient and we shift towards cleaner energy sources. the bad news is that the batteries are losing capacity over time, so there are more and more movies that will also be more and more spent. batteries

. how do we deal with them? reconnected and still active, recombined. and we use indifferent garbage occasion. this is ada kong. she's worked on a report about this for greenpeace east asia. the battery could reduce the vehicle . actually, her rendering is like 5 years that we didn't really need in a car. you have enough performance. that's right. we can give spend compet theresa 2nd life. for example, that can be turned into energy storage for windows solar. they could also power your next camping trip, and they still have enough juice left to drive a forklift or a boat and discard it. if the batteries are already used for all these things today . data that she really by reusing, using the original functional product,

they could be cookies to relative and to produce more. let's get out the lego to understand how lithium ion battery is get recycled. it often involves smelting, so essentially heating them until they melt. but this uses lots and lots of energy, creates toxic emissions and lose it some of the materials. and that's why companies are coming up with new ways to recycle. you want to have as much as we can with high value materials that are taking a lot of effort to get out of the ground. we want to use those carefully and as many times as we can, this is who now fell side chief commercial officer lifecycle, a lithium ion battery recycling company from canada. we basically come up with process designed specifically for this to have high recovery rates of the material and the 1st stage, what we call her spoke is

a mechanical process that breaks down the batteries in separate some of the fundamental materials. very, very simply speaking, this is what happens. the batteries are shredded while being submerged in a non toxic solution. this is important because it prevents them from catching fire, and in the worst case, blowing up then materials like plastic, copper, and aluminum, a separated from what the industry called the black mass. this contains the valuable materials, like kobolds, nicole and lithium. the 2nd part of the process is the hub, and this is really a coke hydro, metallurgy or wet chemistry process to process black mass into battery. great materials. what this means is that different chemicals get added to the black mass, which leach l different elements. these chemicals either make their way into the final product or re used in the process. so it is actually doesn't produce any waste water. you end up with a black mass separated into a single components like lithium, cobalt and nickel. so the end goal is that as we pull them out of the batteries,

we're putting them back into new batteries and that hasn't been cheap in achieved jetta. high scale there's. there's elements that have been around the world, but we want to help to continue to drive that forward. it is hard to keep track exactly how many lithium batteries already get recycled mainly because they're often exported. but it is already happening more and more, especially in asia, where most of them are also produce and a volumes of span batteries grow. it will make even more financial sense to recycle them. in the i do well that way we hope that their material testing is it could be used indefinitely. the lithium ion battery already one of the most stuff. and i thought of it already reuse today and ultimate aid to recycle. we can

optimize is better and better, and we have on the market the more stuff, those that's now the karone of ours pandemic has shown how dependent europe is on raw materials from other parts of the world locked downs in asia, and border closures cause massive disruptions and the global supply chain, forcing manufacturers to slower even hold production. a team of geologist is now working to find raw materials like lithium, rare earth and graphite in northern europe. to allow the you to be less dependent on us in particular, china. the team a few others is in no way get to work. they've been commissioned by a company called nodes mining to search for critical material right here in northern europe. first, they need to take some polls. lines. it's really nice me to actually hear because

you can see like the thickness of them is it's pretty good for their religion. for back at the research camp, the team examines hundreds of draw samples every month. we can face some of the mineralization here. be specific more may fit brands that we're looking at, which is where the, the higher grade mineralization is. obviously in benet d, m and phosphorus that we're looking at because there's extra boxes is an essential rule material used in fertilizer. the large deposits of anadia, on the other hand, can be used in batteries that store energy within the next power grid. both elements are considered critical or materials, along with the range of others, such as lithium graphite. but where does the term critical val?

material come from a question we put to the founder of the mining company critical role appeals. these are terminology which is basically comes from europe, has been invented by the u because the europeans or dependent on today as far as the globe, particularly from supply from china. and which is about 6662 percent. china is the number one producer of critical role materials. in the case of red, china provides more than 80 percent of global supplies and processes the largest and mine. then there's cobalt lithium, capa nichol. here, china has secured strategic supply commitments from other countries to gain a monopoly. these materials are important for you energies which are needed to stop global warming. so right now,

achieving global climate goals depends on chinese roll materials. take lithium mining, like here in california, lithium is used in batteries for electric cars to china dominates the market. electric cars, wind and solar energy, all require a huge amount of critical materials. by 2040 lithium consumption is expected to be $42.00 times what it is now. the use of graphite cobalt a nickel will increase massively. busy well, rate will be consumed as 7 times the current range. huffman is another critical material that's in high demand. i'm going to use an electric vehicles and generators. china recognize the signs of the times early on. now, europe is playing catch up. green digital technologies currently depend on a number of scars, raw materials. we import, lithium for electric cars,

platinum, to produce clean hydrogen, silicon metal, for solar panels, 98 percent of the rear earth elements we need come from single supplier china. this is why we have proposed to create a european raw materials alliance. the u has committed to reducing its carbon emissions by 60 percent over the next 2 decades. so a europe, why to 30 and the companies with headquarters in berlin has been charged with the, the issue of all materials. so you can rama to alliance has one mandate tests the mandate to protect your own from any kind of supply interaction of raw materials in particular critical raw materials. and in this context, of course,

our role is 1st and foremost, understanding the pattern and the mix of raw materials. and here the road is identifying respect to companies that have the willingness and the capability to invest into raw material topics that can help closing the gap that we were just talking about. it will likely take 10 to 35000000000 euros of investment to mind the necessary rule materials. so companies like nor to mining that are funding themselves are especially welcome to me. if you will find a good project, you have to invest and it's, you know, it is very intriguing will be doing. it's very exciting because it's not only a mining project such it has become a geopolitical and geo strategic thing. but it often takes up to 20 years to build in mind, starting from the initial phase of exploration. north mining says it already has enough funding from investors and hopes to start mining much sooner for the

european union. it can't come in. that's all for this edition of made. thanks for watching. stay safe. the ah, the news. the news.

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