your right to the new global 3000 series threats. you're facing the heroes taking a stance. it's not them on the global 3000 theories starts june 21st on d, w. me ah, ah, me. what the batteries, smartphones and even cosmetics have in common. right. they all contain silicon, rare earth, mattress lithium and other such elements. yes,

they do even cosmetics. but the bigger issue is in most places, these elements are not readily available and mining them often harms the environment. so today we look at the race for critical raw materials or come to made. so here's something to note down june. the 12 is the united nations world today against child labor. today almost $1.10 of all children worldwide are engaged in child labor. and often they work in hazardous environments like mining the kinds of raw materials we need to keep up our way of life. micra is a group of minerals, houston, electronics, pains, and cosmetics. not only does it add an attractive shimmer to cosmetics, it's also a good conductor of heat and an electrical insulator. but very often, children are involved in mining it. the me go mom, daddy and 5 year old son broad. you turn the fin, such a micah mclane,

ring mineral plays a vital role in this regions, the economy. so many people mining the raw material is the only way to survive. children working for hours in a blistering, some in the indian state of john kind. it's nothing out of the ordinary. so that's what i let jello glitter my children are so young, but there's no other way of making a living here. there's no farming and nothing. i can't afford to send them to school. they have to help me, but they manage 2 to 2 and a half kilos a day that we work until 5 in the evening classes. they used to be more than 700 official micah mines in northern india. but in 1980, a new law came in to force planning deforestation that made it almost impossible to access new sources that the minerals that companies left. but the mines remained today, some 50000 adults and children work illegally. almost all the workers are darlene,

to occupy the lowest rung in the indian cast system. many members of indigenous tribes who are socially marginalized because there is little in the way of industry in the area. people are reliant on the mines. a kilogram of micro can bring up to the equivalent of 20 euro cents, but often they receive just half of that. middleman clean the mineral enlarge filter drums, the platelets then count into varying sizes. this is how it enters the market. the word mike describes a group of naturally occurring silicate materials that are rigid, yet at the same time, elastic many industries use the mineral in huge quantities among them because metric center lose. a few years ago, anna maria vega and her husband kind founded the company,

legal cause metrics. the acres transferred all the ingredients, the firm uses are weaken, and ethically sourced. can other words, they guarantee no animal testing was involved in production and no child labor. one of the key raw materials depo cosmetics uses is micah, some of it comes from india. here we have 3 different types of mica. but this is, for example, a very sparkly version, which also has to kinetic effect to it. and what's great about that, it's face barkley, but it's completely natural. so it's free from any plastics. yankers can't imagine making bad cause metrics without micah that's why they decided to hand pick their supplier in india. they chose the distributor who was able to provide assurances that his micah only comes from minds that don't use child labor

. well though, in the sector, it's often difficult to determine where the material originated with are for pirates one supplier that often the manufacturer that also works directly with the minds, but also the audits of the minds and has them independently, honestly as well. and that is where we gain that concept of mike. it is used in a wide range of applications. the biggest buyer in 2015, in terms of market value was the electronics industry, followed by companies that added to mineral, to banks and lycos. michael also finds widespread use in the construction industry . and of course, that plays an important role in cosmetic sector the every day come on some toys away to help satisfy the global hunger. for micah, they never have any problem selling what they're connected to. one of many traders,

if they receive a 150 rupees, a little under 2 euros, then it's a good day. she says, that's enough to buy some vegetables and rice. but for that everyone has to pigeon, including both her daughters, aged $7.00 and $9.00. we're going to get to know, i'm always afraid when i'm working that i'll be bitten by insects or snakes or that i'll fall into a pit scope. i live on line. i'd really like to go to school, but we need money. we don't even have our own house. so i have to collect micah. and i'm big. u. s. law has been in place in india since 2016. no child under the age of 14 isn't allowed to work. but the government itself concedes that around $12000000.00 children and young people are doing just fast aid organizations. estimate there. around 44000000 child labor's in india a summer that around 22000 children working in illegal mines in the states of john kind and b ha

. many of them have never known a life without work. because of their size, they are also made to crawl into freshly dog, unsecure pence and shots and i'm always afraid when i'm looking for mica. not long ago over there, 2 or 3 children of my age were buried in one of the shops and they died. yeah, i want to go to school. i don't want this just in the companies that work with micah products, it's a potential balancing act between marketing and morals, business and conscience at lethal cosmetics in berlin. the yag is a trying to tackle the issue head on wherever possible. they want to know exactly

where the role materials are coming from. they also don't try to conceal from their customers that they use miter entire regions of india that are financially dependent on the mike. and so if you're replacing with something, for example, if something is synthetic, you're basically taking away their life. so i think it's absolutely within our responsibility, of course, it's also within the responsibility of every body in the chain to make sure that it's producing ethically as well. because magic's industry is very secretive when it comes to micah 2017. so the launch of the responsible mike initiative and a lines of companies obtaining my go from india. they all say they have a clear goal to end child labor in the mines by 2022. but an interview on the subject, a camera. well, on our requests, including those sent to big industry names like mac, the current group and cooper. shane were turned down.

the if you ask the miners a john can how to solve the problem. they say genuine change can only come if mining is once again officially allowed because that's the only way to offer workers clear safety standards in a fair wage. then that children wouldn't have to work. some politicians have been demanding the reintroduction of official mining for a long time. you are due to not be my daughter, so you can see that all the labours here are giving their sweat and blood breaking their bones. i did, but what kind of life is this? you not to get like a government conscious look the other way. it's about him and we deserve better than this. when and all this toil so that the rest of the world can use not only cosmetics, but also devices like smartphones, they couldn't exist without rare earth. they used to create the vibration, for example, and to display vivid colors. so restless elements are in shoot demand worldwide,

but reserves all finite. did you know there is gold in your smartphone? but don't go smashing it with a hammer. it's just a tiny amount of fraction of a ground. but still, your device also contains 1617 rare earth element. they are what makes the smartphone smart. for example, neo damien disposal and praising damien, make it vibrate and turbine produces the vivid colors in the display. around half of the world's population now has a smart phone and with a number growing rapidly demand for rare earth is set to rise. the good news is that rare earth orange. in fact, all that where the bad news is that mining is difficult

and bad for the environment and reserves are finite. the supply of somewhere earth could be exhausted in just a few decades. so what can we do about it? well, you could keep your smartphone for longer, and when you do get a new one, have the old when recycled. oh, wow. my smartphone is hold on. yes. i think i think it is 8 or 9 years old. wow. guess in terms of the environment i'm doing pretty good. if using a device that runs on lithium ion battery really is environmentally friendly. i know that those batteries are crucial for the car industry to move away from fossil fuels. electron mobility is the bus word. but how green are these batteries really and what happens to them after they've been used? let's find out the infringe. 19 john, good enough,

stanley whitting him and the hero jointly won the nobel prize and chemistry. the discovery of it you have to have driven magic change and they invented and developed a technology that most of us use every day, often without even noticing it's in your buds, smart phones, laptop computers, courtland vacuum cleaners, and electric scooters. it's this the lithium ion battery. this technology is key to us driving around without burning fossil fuels. what does it take to make all these batteries? what do we do with them once they've spent me? why am i'll be playing with lego in this video? let's find out the, the automobile has brought comfort and independence to the lives of billions of

people. but guzzling, ever growing amounts of fossil fuels has also taken its toll on the climate. we have energy, thanks to lithium ion battery. we might now be entering a new era mobility because of the high energy density perfect and electric vehicles for a relatively tiny package. they pack a big punch realty, in my about me as really enable many parts of the compensation. this is how it's eric melon, he founded a research and consulting firm focusing on lithium ion batteries. favorite thing in mobility, lithium ion battery is i would say they have been a key technology. really the attention is so big in the tech that we get to scale in the, in the production. and that brings the cost down of the batteries. the global fleet

of electric vehicles is predicted to grow immensely over the next decade from around 8000000 to 116000000. this means the demand for lithium ion battery will also shoot up. and this is where we might run into some problems. of course they have the cost. we need materials to produce about the re sending any extract of industry has an impact on the environment. lithium is you've probably guessed pretty central to making a lithium ion battery. about 50 percent of the world's reserve of this alkaline metal can be found here in the so called lithium triangle across argentina, bolivia, and chilly mining. it involves pumping salt water from underground legs into pools and letting it evaporate. a process that could harm the surrounding soil, drained water supplies, and contaminate the air. so lithium, a finite study found we could run into serious trouble by mid century of demand keep growing like this. and then the cobalt that also goes into lithium batteries.

it's a metal mainly found the democratic republic of the congo. its mining has often been linked to inhumane working conditions and child labor people exposed to have suffered from lung disease or heart problems. then you have all the energy required to, to make it better is especially production outside of require lawful advantage in this means c o 2 emissions. how much exactly really depends on the electricity mix of the producing country according to recent figures, making just a small battery for car like this could cost more than $4.00 tons of c o 2. to give you an idea, and that's like driving a new diesel cardboard in the u for about 33000 kilometers. the good news is that emissions are thinking of battery production becomes more efficient and we shift towards cleaner energy sources. the bad news is that the batteries are losing capacity over time,

so there are more and more movies that will also be more and more spent. batteries . how do we deal with them? they should be connected and to act.