the ah ah the say they have maybe use the site against the corona virus pandemic. how has the rate of infection in developing? what does the latest research say information and contact the corona virus because it's 19 special next on dw, many pushing out in the world right now. the climate change off the story.

this is life less the way from just one week. how much less can really get we still have time to i'm doing all this flex to subscribe for more than you like. oh, experts say school closures were a necessary evil to slow the spread of the corona vice. the thing affected 80 percent of children worldwide forcing most to study from placing an extra non parents. the modern technology helped in many cases, but not all. the pandemic could see the children left behind. can

generation covered, make the grade. and what happens after school? are we talking about permanent damage? will this affect students chances on the job market? all questions for our guest in a moment. first, this report me 7 year old roost guy was accompanying his mother's agenda and duvering to work. like most days. due to the panoramic turkish schools have been shut for over a year. john don runs a private kindergarten on the outskirts of his stumble there occasionally allowed to open. unlike schools. china or son attended school for 6 months before authorities ordered, all schools closed now. ruth gar, spends his time at his mother's kindergarten or at home attending virtue lessons.

something the 2nd grader doesn't enjoy it. you know, i prefer math classes in school, but i liked it. even though teachers sometimes got angry at us for the past year. remote learning has been the new normal for ruth guard, a challenging situation for him. and mother will scar, struggle to stay focused in front of the screen, but he still can't read or write properly. and the kids have lost interest in everything. they don't want to leave the house anymore again in the early, in touch with the outside world. over 10000000 turkish children and teenagers haven't attended school in month, they're only allowed back for exams like these people's stumble primary school.

show them how many parents are fed up with the government. strict stance on schools. it's a new application should be their top priority. instead of holding conferences and party conventions without heating any corona restriction, the education sector is being neglect. on a real. while most of the european countries have tried avoiding school closures took his education and science workers union. warren's turkish pupils are falling behind language lessons and not very effective. reading. basically, last an entire year of teaching. we never understood why school supposedly pose a greater infection risk and cafes or restaurant. look on color coffee. those are allowed to open. amanda turkish school closures has hit per families like the lands hardest from $4000000.00 to school. children don't have internet access at home.

that means mohammed azlan must rely on the educational programs on turkish state television. what do you, along with money, can send the children to private schools and pay tutors to help their children catch up or can we come to the monitor? would it be me? can our children have to resort to educational television shows? look good with it as a wealthier parents, like xanda and good friend are finding turkeys, economic situation increasingly difficult to john done says more and more parents are taking the youngest out of a kindergarten. if the trend continues, she may go out of business, but matters are even worse for turkey, school children. they are the ones paying the highest price in this pandemic. when for longer is assistant professor of social policy at the belgian university, k u, german. so can we expect all these children just to catch up once the pendant mix

really overall? are we looking at long term effects? for example, job prospects will have to say, i'm afraid we are looking really at these long term effect in terms of educational obtainment in terms of jobs prospects. and if we don't try to mitigate the impact of the school closures on the most vulnerable children, students, i'm afraid we'll be jeopardizing the future. it's kind of well known that educational obtainment and in particular you're a higher education attainment is really is really important for your late of job prospect. and so if those children don't have this higher education attainment, you know, they will have trouble finding decent jobs later on in life. and this might reinforce this cycle off of inequality that we are witnessing just how many children are we actually talking about? how many schools were closed during the pandemic? well, you know, at the peak of the 1st way from april 2020, we'll be talking about one and a half 1000000000 children worldwide,

who have been affected by these by this school closures. but even today, after a 2nd wave and sometimes a 3rd wife, you know, at the global scale we're, we still see that over 200000000 children are affected and that their schooling experience their learning has been interrupted. and even today, also in europe in countries such a german, your belgian norway, for instance, schools are still often partially close to many students still have to deal with remote learning. so it affects a lot, a lot of children on a global scale. absolutely. when we've been talking about learning and also the fact that these kids have been having a hard time and having to catch up. but what about something as important as social skills that kids also learn at school, which are so important later on in life? yes, i mean, i mean, i mean, i mean if your schooling outcomes are very important, of course, but schools are more than that, as we all know. right. ill, so social places, social environments,

places where children meet other children. my children play where children sort of, you know, also can eat healthy for instance, that is one important function of the school besides learning and indication. and we know that school closures have had detrimental effects on the, on that part as well on that account as well. and of course, affecting those most probable children, those most disadvantages children who, you know, who stand to gain the most from having social context with other children. so this is absolutely a problem as well. besides, you know, the learning outcome issue. so give me some solutions. what are we going to do about this can, can we change the situation? well, i think, you know, one of the key lessons that we learned is if we switch to remote learning, learning needs to continue. i mean, i'm absolutely convinced that digital technologies offer a lot of opportunities, but you know, most schools and teachers were not really equipped with knowledge and the right

tools to, to offer high quality remote teaching. so one thing we need to do is we need to really start improving the i see the competencies of teachers and schools we need to invest in the digital infrastructure of school. so if we switch to remote learning at learning can continue for all children that all children can access high quality remote teaching. but of course, you know, we know that many children grope and disadvantage families, proper references in environments which are detrimental for learning. if you have to follow online courses which 5 children in one room, for instance, you know, it's impossible to learn properly. so we need to make sure that remote learning, you know, is sort of adjusted to the situation of the most disadvantage as children. one simple example can be if we give assignments to children, for instance, in a remote teaching environment, make sure that it is possible. it is feasible for these children to make their assignments on paper. that's one very simple solution that we can implement you how

to from when for longer. thank you very much for being on the show today. happy to be there. thank you. lots of good advice there. time to hand you over to derick williams again. now science corresponded, he's got an interesting question today about coded and age o, the average age of patients in the severity of cubic 1900 changed since the beginning of the pandemic. this is such a complex question on so many different levels that it's nearly impossible to really answer adequately and i can't, but i'm happy to talk about why 1st saying that we can track averages implies that we had adequate surveillance measures in place from the very beginning of the pandemic, but we didn't, it took months to get large scale testing up and running, even in the industrialized world. so the statistics from the early days in

particular about how many people of what age actually have the disease and how badly they have to be taken. not just with a grain of salt, but with a whole handful of it. and in many countries, those statistics still do. then there are a host of other slippery variables, for example, that doctors have gotten a lot better at treating cove at 19 as the pandemic progress and, and they gained experience with those treatments. finally, the introduction of vaccines to different age groups at different times in different countries. that's also changed. pandemic dynamics and ways that make blanket statements really just pretty on panel. just to illustrate, let's look at the situation here in germany. one thing we know for sure is that the older you get, the more dangerous and potentially deadly contracting,

proven 19 becomes that hasn't changed. what has changed here is that as the vaccine drive progresses, an increasing number of high risk people. so those over the age of 50, they're protected by vaccine induced immunity. in the most recent wave in germany, which is hopefully the last, a lot of doctors anecdotally reported that they believed the average age of patients in intensive care had dropped pretty dramatically compared to, to earlier ways. but the actual statistics are kind of hard to interpret. one complicating factor, for instance, is that if a younger person ends up in intensive care, there are a lot more likely to survive for weeks before they recover or, or die, occupying a bed for much longer than a more frail elderly person might. but those kinds of trends are specific to here.

they can't really be applied to other countries because they depend on a wide range of factors. everything from the state of hospital infrastructure to the vaccine priorities that germany has sat for different age groups in their i'm benches all then. thanks for watching face and you again, ah, the importance to the economy is huge. but getting hold of them is often a dirty business. critical commodities make us mo bile make our smartphones smart. how can today's global hunger for lithium, cobalt and more satisfied made in germany

future wars. the double use richard walker explores the evolution of digital warfare, making military markets more efficient, deadly decisions. only those with the best algorithms survive. future scenarios. to 45 minutes on dw ah, was a little guys. this is a 77 percent the platform which is due to the issues share i use,

you know, we are not afraid to capture. and then the african population is really young . people clearly have the solution, the future 77 percent. now, every region on the w, me ah, ah, ah, ah, what the batteries, smartphones and even cosmetics have in common, right? they all contain silicon, rare earth methods, lithium, and other such elements. yes, they do even cosmetics. but the bigger issue is in most places,

these elements are not readily available, and mining them often harms the environment. so today we look at the rates for critical raw materials will come to made. so here's something to note down june. the 12 is the united nations world today against child labor. today, almost $1.10 of all children worldwide are engaged in child labor. and often they work in hazardous environments like mining the kinds of raw materials we need to keep up our way of life. micra is a group of minerals, houston, electronics, pains, and cosmetics. not only does it add an attractive shimmer to cosmetics, it's also a good conductor of heat and an electrical insulator. but very often, children are involved in mining it. the me go miles, debbie and 5 year old son brown's you turn, the thin search of mica glittering mineral plays

a vital role in this regions economy for many people mining. the raw material is the only way to survive. children working for hours in the blistering some in the indian state of john can it's nothing out of the ordinary. so that's why i left jello glue to my children are so young, but there's no other way of making a living here. there's no farming or nothing. i can't afford to send them to school . they have to help me, but they manage to to 2 and a half kilos. a day that we work until 5 in the evening was it that they used to be more than 700 official micah mines in northern india. but in 1980, a new law came in to force planning deforestation that made it all impossible to access new sources of mineral companies left. but the mines remained today, some 50000 adults and children work illegally. almost all the workers are dollars

to occupy the lowest rung and the indian cost system. many members of indigenous tribes who are socially marginalized because there is little in the way of industry in the area. people are reliant on the mines. a kilogram of micro can bring up to the equivalent of 20 euro cents, but often they receive just half of that. middleman clean the mineral enlarge filter drums, the platelets then count into varying sizes. this is how it enters the market. the word mike describes a group of naturally occurring silicate materials that are rigid, yet at the same time, elastic many industries use the mineral and huge quantities among them. the cosmetic sector lose a few years ago and maria vega and her husband kind founded the company lethal

calls metrics. the acres transferred all the ingredients, the firm uses are weaken and ethically sourced. can other words, they guarantee no animal testing was involved in production and no child labor. one of the key raw materials, lethal cosmetics uses is micah, some of it comes from india. here we have 3 different types of mica. this is, for example, very spartley version, which also has to kinetic effect to it. and what is great about that it's face barkley, but it's completely natural. so it's free from any plastics. yankers can't imagine making bad cause metrics without micah that's why they decided to hand pick 10 supplier in india. they chose the distributor who was able to provide assurances that his mica only comes from mines that don't use child labor. although

in the sector, it's often difficult to determine where the material originated with our suppliers . it's one supplier that often the manufacturer that also works directly with the minds, but also does the audits of the minds and has them independently audited as well. and that is where we gain the content of mike. it is used in a wide range of applications. big inspire in 2015 and terms of market value was the electronics industry followed by companies that added to mineral, to banks. and like us, michael also finds widespread use in the construction industry. and of course it plays an important role in cars magic sector the everyday come on debbie and has some toy away to help satisfy the global hunger. for micah, they never have any problem selling what they're connected to. one of many traders

. if they receive 150 rupees a little under 2 euros, then it's a good day. she says, that's enough to buy some vegetables and rice. but for that, everyone has to pitch in, including both her daughters, aged $7.00 and $9.00. and i'm always afraid when i'm working that i'll be bitten by insects or snakes or that i'll fall into a pit scope. i mean it online. i'd really like to go to school, but we need money. we don't even have our own house. so i have to collect micah. and i'm big. u. s. law has been in place in india since 2016. no child under the age of 14 is allowed to work, but the government itself concedes that around 12000000 children and young people are doing just fat aid organizations estimate there. around 44000000 child labor's in india, it sorted around 22000 children working in illegal mines in the states of john kind

and b ha. many of them have never known a life without work. because of their size, they are also made to crawl into freshly dog unsecured, pants and shops. and i'm always afraid when i'm looking for mica. not long ago over there, 2 or 3 children of my age were buried in one of the shops and they died down time. i want to go to school. i don't want this just in the companies that work with micah products, it's a potential balancing act between marketing and morals, business and conscience at lethal cosmetics in berlin. the yag is the trying to tackle the issue, head on wherever possible. they want to know exactly where they have all materials

coming from. they also don't try to conceal from their customers that they use mica, entire regions of india that are financially dependent on like. and so if you replace with something, for example, something synthetic, you're basically taking away their life. so i think it's absolutely within our responsibility. of course, it's also within the responsibility of every body in the chain to make sure that it's producing ethically as well. because metrics industry is very secretive when it comes to micah 2017. so the launch of the responsible mike initiative and a lines of companies obtaining mike from india. they all say they have a clear goal to end child labor in the mines by 2022. but an interview on the subject, a camera. well on our requests, including those sent to big industry names like mac, the current group and cooper. shane would turn down

the if you ask the miners if john can, how to solve the problem. they say genuine change can only come if mining is once again officially allowed. because that's the only way to offer workers clear safety standards in a fair wage. then that children wouldn't have to work. some politicians have been demanding the reintroduction of official mining for a long time. we are due to not be my daughter, so you can see that all the labours here are giving their sweat and blood. they're breaking their bones. what kind of life is this, you not to, to get government congress look the other way. it's about him and we deserve better than this one. and all this toil so that the rest of the world can use not only because metrics but also devices like smartphones, they couldn't exist without threat earth. they used to create the vibration, for example, and to display vivid colors. so restless elements are in shoots demand worldwide,

but reserves all finite. did you know there's gold in your smartphone? but don't go smashing it with a hammer. it's just a tiny amount of fraction of a ground. but still, your device also contains 1617 rare earth elements. they are what makes the smartphone smart. for example, near damien dispos, e. m, and praise damien, make it vibrate, and turbine produces the vivid colors in the display. around half of the world's population now has a smartphone and with a number growing rapidly demand for rare earth is set to rise. the good news is that rare earth's orange. in fact, all that where the bad news is that mining them is difficult

and bad for the environment. and reserves are finite. the supply of some rare earths to be exhausted in just a few decades. so what can we do about it? well, you could keep your smartphone for longer, and when you do get a new one, have the old when recycled. oh, wow. my smartphone is hold on. yes. i think i think it is 8 or 9 years old. wow. guess in terms of the environment i'm doing pretty good. if using a device that runs on lithium ion battery really is environmentally friendly. i know that those batteries are crucial for the car industry to move away from fossil fuels. electron mobility is the bus word, but how green are these batteries really and what happens to them after they've been used? let's find out the in 2019 john. good enough, stanley whittingham. and the key, right?

you know, jointly won the nobel prize and chemistry. the discovery of it, you have to turn the magic change they invented and develop the technology that most of us use every day, often without even noticing it's you know, your buds smart phones, laptop computers, courtland vacuum cleaners, and electric scooters. it's vis the lithium ion battery. this technology is key to us driving around without burning fossil fuels. what does it take to make all these batteries? what do we do with them once they've spent me? why on earth i'll be playing with lego in this video. let's find out. the automobile has brought comfort and independence to the lives of billions of people. but guzzling,

ever growing amounts of fossil fuels has also taken its toll on the climate. we have the energy, thanks to lithium ion battery. we might now be entering a new era mobility because of their high energy density, perfect and electric vehicles for a relatively tiny package they pack of big punch. the lithium ion battery has really enable many paul solve the problem in a station. this is hans eric melon. he founded a research and consulting firm focusing on lithium ion batteries. favorite thing in mobility, looking my way back to me as i would say, they have been a key technology. really. this attention is so big in the tech. we get to scale in the, in the production and that brings the cost down of the battery. and the global fleet of electric vehicles is predicted to grow immensely over the next decade from

around 8000000 to 116000000. this means the demand for lithium ion battery is but also shoot up. and this is where we might run into some problems. of course, it has the cost. we need materials to produce about the re sending any extractive industry has an impact on the environment. lithium is su, probably guessed pretty central to make an a lithium ion battery. about 50 percent of the world's reserve of this alkaline metal can be found here, and the so called lithium triangle across argentina, bolivia, and chilly mining. it involves pumping salt water from underground legs into pools and letting it evaporate. a process that could have the surrounding soil drain, water supplies, and contaminate the air. lithium finite, the study found we could run into serious trouble by mid century of demand keep growing like this. and then the cobalt that also goes into lithium batteries. it's

a metal mainly found the democratic republic of congo. it's mining has often been linked to inhumane working conditions and child labor. people are supposed to have suffered from lung disease or heart problems. then you have all the energy that they're required to to make it better. especially production outside of require a lot of energy. this means c o 2 emissions. how much exactly really depends on the electricity mix of the producing country. according to recent figures, making just a small battery for colleagues. this could cost more than $4.00 tons of c o 2. to give you an idea, like driving a new diesel cardboard in the u for about 33000 kilometers. the good news is that emissions are thinking, battery production becomes more efficient and we shift towards cleaner energy sources. the bad news is that the batteries are losing capacity over time, so there are more and more movies that will also be more and more spend batteries.

how do we deal with them? reconnected and still active. we combined and we use in different countries. this is ada kong. she's worked on a report about this for greenpeace east asia. the best way that could be doing that to actually her out when they were like 5 years, that didn't really matter that you have enough performance for us. that's right. we can give spend compet, theresa 2nd life, for example, that can be turned in some energy storage for windows solar. they could also pass your next camping trip and they still have enough juice left to drive a forklift or a boat, and discarded the v. batteries are already used for all these things today. value and she really by reusing the original

functional product they could be reached. i cookies as role of yours and to produce more products. let's get up the lego to understand how lithium ion batteries get recycled. it often involve smelting so essentially heating them until they melt. but this uses lots and lots of energy to create toxic emissions and lose us some of the materials. and that's why companies are coming up with new ways to recycle. you want to have as much as we can with high value materials that are taking a lot of efforts to get out of the ground. we want to use those carefully and as many times as we can, this is nelfa, chief commercial officer lifecycle, a lithium ion battery recycling company from canada. we basically come up with process designed specifically for this to have high recovery rates of the material . and the 1st stage, what we call or spoke is a mechanical process that breaks down the batteries and separate some of the

fundamental materials. very, very simply speaking, this is what happens. the batteries are shredded while being submerged in a non toxic solution. this is important because it prevents them from catching fire and in the worst case, blowing up then materials like plastic, copper, and aluminum, a separated from what the industry called the black mass. this contains the valuable materials, like cobalt, nickel and lithium. the 2nd part of the process is the hub, and this is really a bristol, hydro, metallurgy or wet chemistry process to process the black mass into battery. great materials. what this means is that different chemicals get added to the black mass, which leads out different elements. these chemicals either make their way into the final product, or are we used in the process? so this actually doesn't produce wastewater. you end up with a black mass separated into a single components like lithium, cobalt and nickel. so the end goal is that as we pull them out of the batteries,

we're putting them back into new batteries and that hasn't been cheap in achieve jetta. high scale there's. there's elements of of it around the world. but we want to help to continue to drive that forward. it just has to keep track exactly how many lithium ion batteries already get recycled mainly because they're often exported. but it is already happening more and more, especially in asia, where most of them also produce and volumes of span batteries grow. it will make even more financial sense to recycle them in the i do well, that way we hope that there's material . already we use the lithium ion battery already. one of the most of us already reviewed today and told them that they thought to recycle

. we can optimize is better and better, and the more we have on the market as more of those that's now the karone of ours condemning has shown how dependent europe is on role materials from other parts of the world locked downs in asia. and border closures caused massive disruptions in the global supply chain, forcing manufacturers to slow or even hold production. a team of geologist is now working to find raw materials like lithium rare earth and graphite in northern europe. to allow the you to be less dependent on us in particular, china the team a few others is no way get to work. they've been commissioned by a company called nodes mining to search for critical material. right here in northern europe. says they need to take samples. goal lines is really nice, made it actually here because you can see like the thickness of them is pretty good

for their religion. back at the research camp, the team examines hundreds of draw samples every month. we can face some of the mineralization here. be specific, we may think bands that we're looking at which is where the higher grade mineralization is. obviously changing the medium and phosphorus that we're looking at because there's extra phosphorus is an essential role material used in fertilizer. the large deposits of anadia, on the other hand, can be used in batteries that store energy within the next power grids. those elements are considered critical material, along with a range of others, such as lithium, read graphite. but where does the term critical val? material come from the question we put to the founder of the mining company,

critical role a to determine which, which is basically comes from europe has been invented by the u. because the europeans are dependent on today as far as the globe, particularly from supply from china, and which is about 6662 percent. china is the number one producer of critical raw materials. in the case of rare, china provides more than 80 percent of global supply and processes the largest online then there's cobalt, lithium, copper, and nichol. here china has the kid strategic supply commitment from other countries to gain a monopoly. these materials are important for you will energy which are needed to stop warming. so right now it's cheating. global climate goals depends on chinese

roll. materials. take lithium mining like here in california. lift in is used in batteries for electric cars to china, dominates the market. electric cars, wind, and solar energy, all require a huge amount of critical materials. by 2040, this is consumption is expected to be $42.00 times what it is now. the use of graphite cobalt and nickel, increase massively, while rate will be consumed as 7 times the current range. huffman is another critical val. material that's in high demand. i'm going to use an electric vehicles and generators. china recognize the signs of the times early on. now europe is playing catch up. green digital technologies currently depend on a number of cars, raw materials. we import,

lithium for electric cars, platinum, to produce clean hydrogen, silicon metal, for solar panels, 98 percent of the rear earth elements we need come from single supplier. china, this is why we have proposed to create a european raw materials alliance. the a g. u has committed to reducing its carbon emissions by 60 percent over the next 2 decades. so a year acquired consortium of companies with headquarters in berlin has been charged with the missing the issue of materials. so you. ready can run the queue alliance has one mandate tests the mandate to protect your from any kind of supply interaction of raw materials in particular critical raw materials. and in this context, of course, our role is 1st and foremost, understanding the pattern and the mix of the moment here. and here the role is

identifying respect as companies that have the willingness and the capability to invest into raw material topics that can help closing the gap that we were just talking about. it will likely take 10 to 35000000000 euros of investment to mind the necessary role materials. so companies like nor to mining that are funding themselves or especially welcome to me. if you will find a good project, you have to invest that attends and it's, you know, it is very intriguing will be doing. it's very exciting because it's not only a minute project such, it has become a geopolitical and geo strategic thing. but it often takes up to 20 years to build in mind, starting from the initial phase of exploration. north mining says it already has enough funding from investors and hope to start mining much sooner for the european

union. it can't come soon enough. that's all for this edition of mate. thanks for watching. stay safe on the me ah, the news

the the the the the future wars, the w richard walker explores the evolution of digital warfare, making military law more efficient, deadly decisions. those with the best algorithm survive. future scenario absolutely not.

to the point, strong opinion, clear positions, international perspective. one of the most internationally respected figures in germany's catholic church is offered his resignation to poke francis. besides the catastrophe of sexual abuse by church official. meanwhile, in canada, masquerades of its children discovered a former school to the point on the w. ah, oh, the news sometimes a seed is all you need to allow the big ideas to grow. we're bringing environmental conservation to life with learning like global ideas. we will show you

how climate change and environmental conservation is taking shape around the world and how we can all make a difference. knowledge grows through sharing, download it now for 3 people in trucks injured when trying to see the city center. more and more refugees are being turned away, families to be corrected and treated clean, clean. 200 people around the world. more than 300 new people are seeking refuge. because no one should have to flee the make up your own

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