we covered and we clean radio bugs. if you would like any more information on the corona virus or any other science topic, you should really check out our podcast. you can get it wherever you get your podcast. you can also find us at ww dot com, forward slash science news call me. whenever you find water trees, mineral, you often find people to create all reliant on beef and other natural resources to relieve well for communities living close to them. this is both the booth and the cause onto the issue. let's with the people most impacted by increasing hunger for

natural resources. hello, welcome to eco india funnel. but let starting the coal mines of central india, a majority of the country still gets its electricity from the colon burned from minds like these. while policy makers and activities got in a deadlock, over the development of environment protection. the bid communities who live close to these mines having to face some devastating consequences of report or travel to their willingness to find out more of the go see anything except lines all the way up to the eisen. so i'm you in india where do towards the electricity still comes from call,

which is considered the cheapest. i want to find out it's to cost me goldberg district in central india is a major power hub. and home to some of the biggest mines on the planet me everywhere the faithful govern goes it just so let's just like if we did it all over my face, i spent a lot of days reading about cool and glow mining in this country. but seeing the mines on both sides of the road all the way to the hood eisen scale that you've gone comprehend. unless you help me. india is the 2nd largest producer and consumer of call in the world of the china. and the demand for energy is rising faster than anywhere else. unlike in the us, the u. k. when natural gas was found, india currently has no large scale replacements, call yet, with its abundance of a no major alternative called remains the cheapest and easiest source of energy.

and so extraction continues. in june 2020, the prime minister announced $41.00 new blog spending around 470 square kilometers of land would be open for mining. and in february 2021, the number stood at 75. but burning call it already driving emissions dramatically up worldwide. and the pollution from the toxic smoke is not responsible for one in 5 debts globally. arguably, the most dire impacts of coal mining are local. i want to go meet communities that live around minds like this to understand the impact of call on their lives, on a way to sort of all that it's not even and in fact, this is one among tens of thousands of villages that lie within india,

mining belts around 2 thirds of the regions, inhabitants are tribal, or indigenous. the can, a village is literally sitting on a mine that is hollowed out the ground beneath it. the 31 indigenous families, he'll live with the consequences of the extreme proximity to a coal mine every day. my mother is a member of the tribe called the bundle i was born in this forest. she wants to show me what is now happen to this source. of fresh water it's completely black full of pool and i show you how to get the dish goes directly to our fields and our crops don't grow. nothing does. it's huge problem. it just settles there just like it has here. several tahoe is number 2. among the stream here is toxic. pick with the ash that remains after the extracted call is washed,

as well as with remnants of dynamite that was used to blast the ground. the coal mining company was asked to provide fresh pipe water instead, but that is still due to a lot that even any moves can't drink. how can we go up? what happens if you drink it? more than everything hurts we get headaches and fevers. this water finding while we were talking things, getting heated up on the other side of the village. ha, ha, ha, ha, ha ha. the main company has seen people with down the hill, so they've come to close the tribal communities. they come today. and so it seems like getting made an agreement with us, but you don't do anything on it from what they want to explain is that this is the

kind of water that they have make every day for this boys filling a bottle of water to send back with these that presented to bosses so they can visually see the kind of water that comes through the the. so we went to the mine next door to give them a chance to respond to allegations of pollution. and here on this side of the story, we had permission to film in the underground mine weeks before we went. but when we got the data, you speak to us all little to city, disappointing the load and help me go. rich central india is home to some of the most bio divers for us on the planet. aside from local water and soil pollution extracting call, which is considered to be in national interest, also means destroying large tracts of old growth forests. even going to government

estimates 164000 heck as a forest land have been lost to mining here since the 900 fifties, millions of indigenous people live in these forests. russia and other natural resources is displacing communities on an unprecedented scale. and this has remained largely under reported. i saw the story play out in every village. i visited him. some from the gaunt community had already been displeased from the ancestral lands. some from the tunnel community were about to be displeased and others believe that would come at some point that me sharma is a renowned, independent, landry activist who works to improve legal and institutional support for communities which are at the risk of using the land to mining we sat down for a chat about why the country is still investing in coal mining. the reason why the

number of all my interest actually increased in an alarming rate of parts to because there's a massive open edition, but it's a metal demand for the pilots. but that's not an excuse, because again, i would see that that, that depends on alert of our consumption factor of a whole, consumerism. so if you are not really ready to listen, the people who are actually suffered the people who are the victim, the people who are actually sacrificed for your protection. for, for getting 204270. like to sit in the big cities. we cannot see that some religious have to be live in the dock. so this modern responsibility to listen, all those people we contacted the cold ministry to address the allegations of the people we met in, goodbye. but they did not give us a date to be interviewed in the weeks before the publication of this piece.

while we were still in the region, the community with the polluted water received some news, they wanted to share the community again, they have invited us for dinner tonight. the news the celebrated the welcome. the extended to us as visitors was in stock contrast to the news. the village had john site wanted to share. this area has just been surveyed and they have been notified that it will become an open cost mine, which means that any day now this community will be evicted from the forest. well, paula, this is my mother land where i was born. one so green. i remember the lippard, by enough birds snake,

i thought we were so happy then off the 31 families hill, 7, do not have entitlement deeds to prove. they belong to. the government is responsible for rehabilitating those with papers. why mining has displaced people around the world from germany to him babbling the history of the limitation in india is especially poor since 951 over 2500000 people have been displaced by mine and less than a quarter. where do you have it and it's got a good good, we'll do something. and now the government is asking us to leave this where we go. we have worked on this land to make it for dial and since day and we don't want to be enemies, like we only want to save the land, but i'm not happy love what's going on in the morning they led me into the forest to show me why they're adamant about not

leaving this place. the bundle was used tools including bows and arrows to collect fruits from the florida. the main source of nutrition is a kind of hubert, the dig out of the ground. they are largely a says sustaining community living off the forest. thank you. we are driving through the cold belt. we saw defunct minds everywhere. were extraction once boomed, but now nothing remains but blots on the landscape. almost completely abandoned me. they usually do villages hill before the mind came and set up about 22 years ago. and all the villages have gone and the mine has shut down. and there's nothing, you know, people for this new call. mine's normally have a lifespan of only

a few decades. as the people you go, the less economically becomes to operate them. so new ones open, 100 silently shut down across the country. this entire land behind me would have once been expensive for this full of biodiversity and home to a number of indigenous communities. when you factor in the social and environmental cost cause doesn't seem so cheap anymore. this is the question we need to ask ourselves, moving forward. how do we balance growth and the need for development with the help and drives of local communities and the environment. growth in the west was largely powered by fossil fuels. what if he want to avoid the most dial impacts of climate change is essential for the communities we just saw. and for the climate as a whole, that be fine, scalable was terminated too quickly. next story out reporter contextual life of the

history of course. and how it's likely to affect our future. the story of cold begins 250 years ago. when british invent has realized you could heat water with cold make steam spin turbines and power machines. actually let 31300000000 years before the steam engine to carbon rich plants that died in swamps . millions of years of heat and pressure. 10 the fossil into rocks packed with energy back in the modern world. that energy was solely needed. the industrial revolution created machines, lots of lead to a global proven prosperity, but some precedent to didn't. human history. governments built railways that linked coal mines to cities that help them feed, treat them firms that were hungry for coal. there were little to no alternatives to their photos. directional was very understandable,

and it was not that controversial. this is how you, he's an energy expert who studies have countries that have invested in coal. can we've to clean the source of energy for europe. we can definitely see that that has been very good side of coal. through the 20th century economic prosperity came across the continent as well as piece that went on with the european union. but the prosperity cold brings comes at the price. for more than half a century, scientists of burning fossil fuels release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and heat the planet. it's already wouldn't buy more than one degrees celsius and his on print for catastrophic 3 degrees by the end of the century. and cold is behind 40 percent of the c o 2 that comes from burning fuels. but the climate change isn't even the only problem. dest. yeah, kills more than 7000000 people. burning coal release of pollutants that get your lungs and spread through your bloodstream even reaching your brain. in the 1800s dr

. the ready knew that called us back to minus got sick from breathing in the blankets, but that crept into homes and made families cost with government to tide their economies, coal. and they weren't willing to give it up. mining and burning cold damage of the climate and has people's health. and that's why the human is called to kick cold out of electricity by 2030 and rich countries. and by 2040 for the rest of the world. we need renewable energy and green jobs. no more fossil fuel subsidies or new coal fired power plants. so how's that coming along? well, global cold emissions have basically flattered in south america and africa cold was very used in the 1st place in the us in europe, code has been declining for decades. but across asia code just keeps on growing me last year, china and india,

but more than 2 thirds of all the cold that the world. but the rest of the continent use is more cold and you and us put together. and the problem is even just the cold, it's binding today. the new minds that we're putting in power plants and building are designed to run for decades. now, some southeast asian countries cancel plans to build coal times last year. but india, for instance, wants to invest $55000000000.00 in college next decade. and he spent several times on renewables to meet his target. and then the china half the world co but has pledged slash carbon emissions to net 0 by 2060. what a report by 2 environmental research groups last november found out about that to me, it's climate goes. china must buy a new coal power plant, a double the electricity made from wind. and so let me so i'm not prepared to fully prepared to achieve that. this says, shoot a lead or through the report,

he said that cold trans built today will become stranded assets, better unprofitable, to keep running the most important since we needed to, to just stop the build up for new assets, new 1st. and so as possible. the industry disagrees with the world, may not light coal, but the world needs cole. this is a speech by the parts of the world cold association in september 2020. but this is not about being life or popular. it's about being realistic. the industry argues that it can make cold clean by sucking c o 2 out of power plants and storing it in the ground. but the technology, it's banking on is expensive and it doesn't exist at scale. the well kept for about 40 mega tons of c o 2 from industrial sites and you'll carbon emissions or hundreds of times bigger. so how can countries can china and india learn from the west

mistakes? let's look at the u. s. codes have been declining there for decades except cheap alternative, like oil and gas. now wind turbines and solar panels and making it even faster for us. $36.00 coats lucky and it's cut its capacity by 25 percent in the last decade. the politicians kept telling coworkers, but the future was safe. ah, you get another job. you won't mind anymore. do you like that idea? they should know. we don't like that i do. we love to money. that's what we want to do. i said if that's what you want to do, that's what you're going to do. trumps may have done, but he wasn't. hello, this is call. that'd be right. why a nice scientists have a problem. governments need to quit cold to keep us safe. but they also need to protect the livelihood, the community, to live from it. that's what gemini did close that final hot coal mine in 2018

after 60 years of steady decline and did say without firing a single minor, the government retrained younger miners and paid out older ones who wants to retire early. but scientists are the energy transition needs to fat and fast. germany dragged out its transition over decades and even last year was still building plans to buy more co. 2 research of the technical, university of berlin and 2019 found that a quicker phase would have cost less and less mine and communities adapt better. clinging on for too long with an old dying industry has a tendency not to support new alternative industries because these are being seen as a kind of competition that might speed up the process. so what can coal hungry countries like india, when more than 700000 people work as miners take away from this? well, politicians should be honest with the vote of that cold air is over and set

a clear end date. then they could stop subsidizing coal companies and put the money to retraining workers in new, sustainable industries for them and their families. not figuring out a plan b is indeed the was thing we can do at this moment. a local radio station in our country is already helping with the status pro, to catastrophic flooding and forest fires. coma, one of the sound of mild radio station connecting communities to discuss and tackle the most difficult and wide mental problems in the region are reporting visited them to find out more rocky mountains and remote villages abound in the state. duff with the dock hunt for the residence here. tv and internet connection is practically nonexistent. oh, a few years ago. come on one me

a community to reduce station in the hills of smoke. they sure decided to do something about it. ready to go back to the station manager, one thing he and his team produce a program that's broadcast to around 500 villages. lots of video use other platform if there are problems within our communities, we try to find solutions within the scene. when someone shares the problem, the facing on our program and then we can find solutions here as well. if lucas don't phone in with suggestions, then we speak to experts who help listeners with fusions and advice and hunger thought that we give about this. and advice is in high demand here, especially when it comes to farming. agriculture is the primary source of income for the 350000 residents in this region. but the state is becoming increasingly vulnerable to earthquakes, floods, landslides, and watches cassidy as

a result of poorly planned construction projects that are ill suited to mountaineers settings. this stage, burgeoning hospitality industry has put even more stress on rivers and lakes. this has to good water crisis in villages like fish, we're 21. the crisis has me my why need education programs and farming and climate change all the more? welcome 35 year old. you think that it was due physical? my one e dot gosh, he takes great care to tailor the show to the needs of his audience off on reaching out to experts extra that will be one of our listeners called him and told us that the government is building expensive dom and dinings. this is a wasteful public policy decision in an already geologically sensitive area will be farmers using on the team is another big problem or you can pull it up and you can

local farmers, especially those who engage in step farming and who use canal android systems to divert the flow of water to their fees are feeling the impact of these shortages. the total land, 80 dedicated to agriculture is reportedly shrinking as well. from i want to, you said you think i also was as the victim of the devastating effects of what is scarcity? first hand plug a big roof sailboat impact on nature can be seen in there will feels in god was in part i have have been completely destroyed a but i think the new dot right. is that a furnishing but they're too expensive for local farmers with small products, of course, to sell off pieces of the land as a last resort, or they're selling one or 2. now, some people have even started selling off all of the land, sort of what you can go over the

christian thing, but golly, also jewels in tomorrow. i needed to nearly the farmer recently known from the radio station that a solution made out of lime and water which local calls tuna can actually help protect his apple trees from getting infected with bacterial diseases known as apple blisters. why never got it up there. when we would have trouble with our trees, we would have to travel to know that almost 100 kilometers. now we get information from kim, i need radio station and we use that for our benefit. who else would have told us how to fix it? new or? fortunately, i got information from the radio and was able to divide my plans. my self have done got a thought and the way he got there after adding a program about the impact of excessive pesticide and insecticide use that your

team noticed changes in local farming practices who know of he shot the day. people use minimal amounts of chemicals in the crops to go and if you visit the field today, you will see that many farmers understand the harmful side effects of the chemicals intersect. the site will follow to get a big challenge for the radio is funding grassroots issues don't attract, commotion advertises, nevertheless, they managed to get some public funding and support from and yield to this. by these challenges, the non profit radio station has not only helped reduce environmental problems. it's also had a huge impact on the life and work of hundreds of villagers in the, in any district following the bus. you can the people, our communities and communities make the planet we live on. i hope that is true, has given you some context how choices of consumption can affect the lives of others in different parts of the was i'll leave you with that part and see we'll

get next week from our entire team in india and germany, goodbye. and thanks for watching the news the news, the news

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all really feels. oh, jewish life in europe. ah, that's what film producer, bona and journalist, who no more exploring. delving into history and the present. ah, some things are painful, many or surprising. everything is important because life is so much more than what you think, you know. i would never have thought that can be open and so freely and constantly remind myself because i grew up in a completely different way. it's broad explorer, the stickers, jewish in europe. the 2 part documentary starts july 5th on dw.

ah ah ah, this is d w. use life for berlin a moment of high stakes diplomacy at a time when us russian relations are at their lowest in your us presidential bike is in geneva to meet the russian of lot in the future. the talks are expected to be tense and expectations are low, but can they deliver any areas of agreement. also coming up the slide.