covered and a weekly radio if you would like for information on the corona virus or any other find topics, you should really check out our podcast. you can get it wherever you get your podcast. you can also find us at ww dot com, forward slash science. ah more than 80 percent of our options remain unexplored and hit this shortly. important to us, they produce more than half of the wools, oxygen absorbed carbon dioxide and provide us with food join us this week. as we dive beneath the waves, pure on equal india, i'm sorry that i cool. let's start in the indian ocean to be a creature with

a leathery skin and elongated bobby found here, may not impress everyone what it performs in essential service to the ocean. sea cucumber as they called a band from being hunted and sold in india because they considered to be critically indian, but butcher still pre on them while the for important and what's being done to protect it. let's find out the under these 15 waters lies a strange creature that's creating quite a stairs. not only in the local fishing town of monday, one of the sudden, most of india, but all the way into the mainland and beyond 2 neighboring china. to see cucumber, this one can do up to 30 centimeters long. conservation is have been trying to study to my remember the take your number i call the earth ones of the seat

just like how to i'm a farmers friend. the secret number please. the ones in the seat, which means it helps to make the fire more for dial and this is good for the c glasses and also other associated organisms that live on the c c floor. i even don't want to call him about the over the last 4 years, looking for a sprint officer that these has taken on the role of protecting to seek you cumber . because if it's important ecological volt, already a colleague with the sea cucumbers to excrete alkaline in nature, and so with neutralizes the increasing acidity on the sea surface. and as it neutralizes the coral rates underneath our saved role, the trade bleaching when the coral reef is fish for all the crabs and other creatures tribe around it. and so on. the see cucumber tribes will there be fish in

the sea for our future generation to support them or the other will make the check to the see. cucumbers began when demand for them started story, mostly in china, dried, teach, you know, especially men, is a popular delicacy and also considered an aphrodisiac. as a result, pushing in india has increased 13 fold over the last 5 years. and that, you know, will get more weight and lots of young people involved in the right, one in big lives. very misleading young people with the same deal, like only go to jail for 5 to 10 days. and then do come out and, and the case would be try this week, but to event conducted by the forest department. and we have reiterated that, and this is a highly respects the punishment is similar to the crime of a tiger or an elephant load or punishment, getting more other people on a punishment by either the see cucumber is listed under the wildlife section act as

a schedule one species, which means the punishment could go from fines of to laughter, be about 2000 years. up to date time, the forest officials patrol the area, checking for the contraband, and also teaching people in the villages about the consequences of getting caught. some form reporters have learned their lesson. we spoke to one who wishes to remain anonymous, fluid or whether i guess when one's got caught on halting. they told me that the punishment would be between 3 to 7 years in prison, mental elders in my community, and decided that it was wrong to do this when it illegally the and then i'm so we decided that we would stick to catching fish, or crab amone's even if you commerce get caught in on, never live when we take them out and return them to the ones that are there. that the non gaap, if you load this hasn't been asian for the fishing community, who have traditionally efficient convers for their own,

meet the balance that came in 2001, but it has affected your life. not even a fishers can only fish unless you could come model at certain, not only around, you know, they could still somebody, there are divers in the sun and they are all the strong arming every now and again, they were allowed to see this. they could sell $200.00 grouping, and i would, i just want to euro, which would buy that amount of knowledge. i don't know, like i was, i bought a model. it's a complex problem with the seat, you cumber, in the middle of it all. as far as officers like that these are able to protect the animals by keeping an eye out for poachers. the customer read ecosystem has a better shot at surviving and the local fishermen could get back their life.

the ocean offers a wealth of delicious food for people around the world. but at the moment we're taking too many fish out of the sea, $2.00 to $3.00 times more than can be sustainably provided, according to some estimates. but there are things we can do to cut back and take better care of the entire marine ecosystem. the after the whole debate about meat and dairy farming and its consequences, seafood has come on the greater scrutiny. global production of sea food has quadrupled over the past 50 years, while autism and subsistence fishing used to be the new industrial grade, wild capture has dominated, over the past decades. the u. n. estimates a 3rd of all sea food might be fished. we emptying the oceans at an alarming rate, and not only that, the way we fish and dangers other marine animals and entire ecosystem seaford sustainability is a very touchy subject. where everybody i spoke to said,

you know how complicated seafood is. but i found out there is been seaford, you can eat with a relatively good conscience if you follow some rules of them. the 1st question need to ask yourself if your why fi food is, is this species endangered for some super clear cut? so if you can avoid booth into an answer she, restaurants and other places we do. and the 2nd is another species most commonly didn't show which is not. there are many different species within that category and different types of feel, but for them, for the vast majority of them, they're in pad straits. when you do not need that, ryan bigelow who has been working for the database seafood watch for over 10 years . greenpeace has a red list. the fish fish in the wilder, the endangered. this is quite a blanket list. if you want to dig into exactly which fish stock is endangered,

where you can turn to databases for more precise information. one of the best known is the sea food watch program. it's scientifically assesses and lists thousands of species and their sustainability status. why recommendations are very, very specific to types of fisheries. how healthy is this population of this session? if you're trying to catch? if you're trying to catch a tune up, how many of those 2 in our last 3 catching sharks are kitchen things you don't want? are you impacting that natural environment? or there are rules in place, those species, but there is quite a bit of difference depending on how and where it's caught. so let's talk about how these fish are caught. fishing methods using large industrial grade gear, and marine environments often cause the most damage. number one is bottom trolling way huge units. the height of the buildings and the length of football field scour the ocean floor, causing vast amounts of bycatch catching and killing other non target fish and

endangered animals. this often happens when fishing for bottom dwelling fish like ache or flounder. it also see it. this is what the, the bed looked like before and after bought into a number 2 is long line fishing, which targets big species like turn thought fish. these lines can be miles long and have thousands of books causing again by chance. depending on where you live, you can get information on fishing methods on the packaging. so of course, fisheries sustainability point of view. we would absolutely benefit from having more selective deer. this is mina eps, who is responsible for the protection of marine and polar environments as the r u c n. and as previously worked for the marine stewardship council, most elective means targeting the species you want more accurately, like rod and reel fishing, or how pruning or cost. you can also use a special hoax in long line and stucco hawks that don't immediately kill non

targeted fish or other marine animals. so what about farmed fish like this semen? catching wild fish used to be the dominant way to get to fish. but aquaculture sea food production has recently overtaken wildcats. its growth accelerated mostly by farms and china, india and indonesia. but farming big fish in open pens and marine environments has its own host of problems. many found fish like salmon, mostly carnival was. meaning they need to be fed fish estimates very, but around 10 to 20 percent of all wild caught fish may have been used to feed farm seaford on top of that is the fish farms are not managed well. pesticides antibiotics, food ways as well as fish excrement, can poison the environment, the spread of diseases to and from wild populations,

as well as parasites, also major problems. but omnivorous fish like columbia cop catfish open gazes can manage well be found most sustainably. they can eat plant based feed and can be found in big upon the lakes in a more natural environment. but sustainable management is still the exception emerging and developing countries where aquaculture is concentrated. the most sustainable form of agriculture is shellfish, farming, like muscles, oysters or clams. they require a little feed filled to the water and are very fast growing. so if you want to be on the safe side, that's the pharmacy to go forth with one exception, farm trim and pro, and a lot of which contributes massively to environmental degradation, not to mention social injustice. i know that large a large percentage, if not most shrimp is red rated and the industry has some serious problems.

so one way we are told that we can make sure that the food we eat is not responsible for all of these problems is to look out for certification. these the marines stewardship council label m s. c, long seen of the gold standard of sustainable wild chord seafood. then there's the aquaculture stewardship council label a se, or the dolphin safe to no label. let's have a look at the m s. c. it's the most widely accepted certification covering about 15 percent of the market. this one is particularly interesting, so it has a label on it even says it's 100 percent sustainable, but it's cool with the bottom trolling. how does that go together? we don't consider only to get to determine whether or not sustainability as possible. any fishery will have some level of impact. this is michael marriott,

m a c program manager for africa, middle east and south asia. the question is whether or not that impact can be managed within tolerable limits. the m s. c looks at 3 principles, whether the targeted stock is over fished, what impact the fishing has on the why the ecosystem and the strength of the fisheries management. but the m s. c has seen criticism, for example, for certifying fisheries with a high percentage of bycatch. when these fisheries has bycatch, or maybe they may need to report it, but they can just throw it overboard without any one notes. this is frank by and who co also the study on the controversy surrounding the marine stewardship council . they have been observations that several adopters did not scrupulously comply with an arrangement. so that means if you have the m s. c label, you can't always be sure it's really sustainable, but more cases than not,

it is better than a non certified seafood. at least if you're in the north american or european region, there are many regional labels that have good standards, but also labels that are given by the industry without any independent certification. to read up if you want to make sure they mean anything. to be honest, a lot of this information is quite hard to come by. if you're an average consumer, especially if you're not cooking from scratch. so here are some rules of thumb that the experts gave me the if you want to minimize the kind of the impact or the pressure on the ocean is also to diversify. it's to eat from, you know, go to convert. if you can be more adventurous than your and your c food consumption, that's a good thing for some selfish in your diet. try a sustainable sources plot here, another fish. there's

a lot of other goods to put out there. we just have to expand our horizons, eating small office that repopulate faster like answer the sardines or small macros to the fist sustainably. rather than only eating, the bigger fish is a way to take some pressure off the bigger populace species. the just asking, you know, also asking where you fish comes from. it actually shows that you care whether you're in the restaurant or in shops when i go to a restaurant and they don't know that's a red flag because you should know a little bit of information. there is a good vegetarian option. so for that, if not, if the fish and deliver more research before you got the sometimes sort of understand the defects of using standards could be that's the thing that told sustainability has been covered. so i can eat as much as i liked, but it surely should not be sort of pre tickets words,

some human as much as you'd like to. some suggest that the only way to go is to know c o. and that is a powerful option, but it's not viable for vos parts of the world's population to rely on it for food security at all for the income. the much bigger problem is the over consumption of c food in the global north. those of us to lucky enough to pick and choose eating less seaford and carrying more about where it comes from is a step in the right direction. on next story is about the read the slide, which is made of to north and central america, but has made its way into many indian home as an exotic bit. we require a serious commitment and don't always me for the best fits. and when abandoned, the can cause even more damage. let's see how

africans love another exotic animals like a grown ornamental fish from singapore operation guest. all good in dispatch. and banga local man was ready to send this just to be the doesn't want to be there. but he's proud of this business. he made a customer, i have all over you, the advertising, youtube and people call know and order the animals they want. well, when people buy the return for them, you will, you're transferred, got out of one of the most popular, that is a red flag for about 5 years. the native to the europe in australia already banned that important, but to get still region. this is bolt and bring them in in yeah, i get a lead slide. yeah, this is a red flag. 6 to 8. this one is about 68 on to florida. the school was it kept the

name from the red mark here. this is an old shows you say yea, clear that people enjoy spending time with the titles bang, bang it makes a very good which is an attack i very for the children the most around a lot. i team both here by our case, if i was taking ownership of one, is a serious coming, reached to do something with the land and have a lifespan of almost 30 years. once people don't want them anymore, they often release them into the wild. ready at the door, it is been kept us a good looking animal. so in the introduced habit of natural habitat, lake lake pond, arctic bank. it feeds on local that is sufficient local very radius of sneeze. mollusks in 6 beetles and even just known to

damage athletic, both x and feet on on them. the terrapins are quite few, populating more and more lakes and waterways across india are you see in list them as one of the 100 most invasive species globally, with a serious impact on biodiversity. that is also concern that normative, like the red light spread, knew what it says amongst local populations, slow you, the government is trying to get control over imported animals. we are increasing people who are these animals. it will take some time. right now if we go there and if we find any mos and if not, maybe as a 1st step, we may want them to resist that anymore. so that the entire transactions become legal and a monitored one. here in a sanctuary in the outskirts of bengal loot sandiv nika takes care of many

important animals. these australian muse, what abandoned, by far off the email meet market dropped. the found the new home here as did event one, which is native to south america. we are more full door of the 5 busy then mon $700.00 individual $700.00 plus or minus individual. we have jog hamster, guinea pig z movie guano hosses. donkey she goes for nice. me that gives going on the list gets going on and he also had a lot of read it slide. most of them found in the city. we cleaned up one of the legs in bang law and we found dornen in 50 of them and not a single native turtle noticing the need to have been. all of them were just div and yard that for the 1st time when i actually saw them. you know, most of them didn't have a limb, didn't have, well, you know,

begin judy in the neck. and i was wondering what feeding them, you know, it's invasive and something is eating them. i was pretty happy that something is eating them. and then i realize that they are showing the same, you know, behaviors of cannibalism when there's absolutely no food they can actually or their own kind. that's how this survive and supplant local species to reduce envisions and the public us focusing on raising awareness about the challenges that comes with owning exotic animals. he's organizing in a sanctuary and plans to continue collaborating with the school. once the covert restrictions are easy, the red or purple over we just saw are not the only invasive species causing havoc . the ghost of novi is old for played by invaders. this time the king crab. it's

a boon for local fishermen, but has environmentalists concerned? did high fog, i love the arctic ocean. the german has been living in norway's high, nor for 12 years. he takes tourists to see the science along the coast, near the russian border. he brings up one of those sides from the bottom of the sea for this to a group. the only set out the truck, the day before, at a depths of 180 meters, with one day was long enough for him to hold up dozens of king crabs, a delicacy all around the world. yet the crabs also growing ecological problem. the crustaceans, multiply like rabbits. jump in the water, you get he rode the crux. we have krebs, ret ever your harvest thing. the king crabs has brought an unheard of prosperity to noise, economically constrained high nor including for the remote fishing village of bigger

days. in 1989 residence ran an advertisement offering the village for sale. the young people were moving away because there was no work. now the village has been revived, complete with bed and breakfast, and even a bistro. and it's all thanks to none other than the king crap fisherman left england. i was among the 1st to discover the non native species of the name of the priest had released them in the barren c in the 1950s. thus ingler was unaware of that when he found the monster crab and his net one day called me, it was the 1st crabs we caught, we 10 to 12 killer. we were taken completely by surprise on the

already or the crabs hadn't turned up. i think we will not have any fish processing tone. the close, the spread of the invasive crab is a boon to the fisherman. but norwegian, environmentalists and scientists are alarmed. the crowds eat almost anything posing a threat to native ecosystems, and they being spotted farther and farther south pole again. so for a lot of them, we found that the crabs are able to adapt to water temperatures of 18 degrees celsius. a lot of that means they could survive in the mediterranean middle, holla, whenever these crabs become established. they have devastating effects on the other marine life on the sea. been something new to some species. muscle star, the all of disappeared completely laying down the longest piano when the doctor has this was the king crab, also known as the monster. crab has no natural enemies fishery or sorry,

he'd have made the quote, his generous in an attempt to keep his population under control stomach and hydro vargas is his guess after only a short time in the kitchen can otherwise be heard only in europe and asia as finest restaurants, no way exposed over 2000 tons of king crabs all around the world, annually. locals her as to like enjoy the crafts flavor for me. for the weekend on thursdays, it's a balancing act. they want to preserve the crab population that bring so much business to the region, while ensuring that the invasive species doesn't spread with 70 percent of our planet made up of the oceans, making sure they're protected is a no brainer life. and that started from here. that's how important oceans up pink about what you can do to protect them. i'll see you again next week, but many more such cod provoking stories until then from all of us in india and germany,

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