ah, listen carefully. don't know how with to the girl. ah, feel the magic discover the world around you. subscribe to the don't documentary on youtube. with with not everything is what it seems. just take these grapes a sweet treat. what's so bad about that?

but have you ever thought about what goes into producing them? what sprayed on them, where the workers are treated well in the supply chain or even how much the production of transport of your food could contribute to climate change? so is it possible to eat without a guilty conscience, font, or fork greening, or food? that's our topic today on mate. even the sweetest treat can leave a bitter taste in the mouth when making it involves child labor. for the 1st time in 20 years, the number of child labor as has risen, according to unicef and the international labor organization. the number has gone up to a 160000000 worldwide with most working in agriculture, including in the cocoa harvest, altogether, bar of chocolate into your hands. some companies and producing nations of fighting back. but are they going far enough? christina becker investigates 9. 10, they're creamy delicious. that's probably the 1st thing that comes to

mind when you think of chocolate. but what about child labor and the exploitation of cocoa farmers? the chocolate is so delicious, that all too often we tend to forget about that. more than 1600000 children broken cocoa plantations in ghana in the ivory coast. the 2 countries groped 60 percent of the world's cocoa. they also provide beans for the german and european market. the children have to work to help reduce my chocolate bar. it's not out of the question. does that make me criminal? if he can chocolate, a crime? yes, this journalist turned from the curtain, he even turned himself into the police for buying an eating chocolate. i realized that i needed to take my responsibility as a consumer, and after talking to one of touch, finest professors in criminal law,

i decided to prosecute myself for buying and eating sugarland. in the end, the cord witted his fun to cook and then launched his own chocolate. brent tony's chuckle only aims to produce chocolate without slavery and child labor, not an easy mission. even big chocolate companies have failed so far. mendez what's? i'm happens, situation hasn't really changed much in the last 20 years. and the hug and anger protocol assigned back in 2001. that said industry wide goals to eliminate child labor from the cocoa industry. since then, none of these deadlines have really been matter or had simply elapsed. and child labor is still a very big problem in the industry. with child labor even increased in the last decade. this is not what you would expect in a booming industry. annual a global sales or over $130000000000.00. but why is it so hard to put an end to

child labor? you may, i had a majority of cocoa farmers live in poverty or even extreme poverty. so farmers rely on their own children as unpaid labor because they can't afford to pay workers . if you want to end the child labor problem, you have to find a solution to the poverty problem. local prices aggravate the issue. only 6 percent of what we spend in germany on a chocolate bar actually goes to the copper farmers themselves. on average, the $3000000.00 cocoa farmers in garnett, ivory coast, are less than a dollar a day. that is under the extreme poverty line. most of the profit goes to chocolate companies and tweeter chains, but gone ivory coast. they're fighting back. both countries have added a living income premium of $400.00 per ton of cocoa to the price. they charge

it. we welcome this initiative. as things stand, the governments have done much more for cocoa farmers on the price issue than all the chocolate companies and certifiers combined with whatever ivory coast had to reduce the producers price. this year. the higher cost of being scared of some buyers and global demand has also dropped another challenge in the fight again, child labor is determining the origin of the cocoa beans it's effect on there is still the issue of the lack of traceability in the supply chain. every chocolate company wants to know where they coco comes from and we all need to concern ourselves with the problems that exist there are bad when the good news. there is a growing number of programs to fly child labor. the bad one. they only cover 15 percent of the production process. that leaves me with

a distinctly bitter aftertaste. blue. one thing you or i can do is to vote with our wallets. the same is happening with meat here in europe. production is sinking as consumers change their eating habits globally, the picture is different. me production is leaped 4 times since 1961 with over $80000000000.00 animal slaughtered each year to put food on our tables. not everyone has the choice to do without meat and the diets. but for those you have the ethics of killing animals, as well as the massive contribution of meat production to climate change are a serious concern. luckily, there are alternatives. it's no secret. the food industry is a climate killer producing more than a quarter of all c o 2 emissions worldwide. that's more than the emissions of cas planes and ships combined. farming accounts for 70 percent of our consumption of fresh water and 50 percent of all habitable land is used by the agriculture

industry. we have to, we see our system and our phone environment we're chronus are being produced and consumed. we figure out that there is a need to produce more better with less the meat industry is one of the worst for the climate capital produce methane. it's greenhouse gas, which is $28.00 times more potent than c o 2. but not only the climate, the suffering animal welfare also falls victim tall, craving for meat. that's why the international n g o proven which has made it one of the goals to reduce the consumption of animal products for the mum, mia transfer and it's become more and more clear how much these animals, which we call livestock suffer em, but size and acidic altruistically, these are animals, little bread under the worse conditions would be the sole purpose of becoming leet

on our would later tell us the billing and the world's population is forecast to grow to almost 10000000000 by 2050 and more people means more food. in fact, up to 60 percent more food might be needed. that's not good news for all planet, but there are environmentally friendly alternatives by 5th, 5, for example, that researchers at oxford university calculated that a plant based diet. specifically, they see a 2 footprint of a plant based diet, like it could reduce food emissions by up to 73 percent. dr. watson for gum filling out vatican. and the message seems to be catching on, meet consumption in the global north has been declining for years. one reason is the development of meet alternatives. it's a market that's been growing steadily in western countries. the n g o hopes that by 2040 the consumption of animal products will drop by 50 percent.

when you're hungry schnell, if you look at how fast the market is growing, especially for vegan and plant, please need alternatives than maybe we're not so far away from his goal any more. so we'll amplified vic. many consumers are now giving more thought to what they buy, the paying more attention to the ecological and ethical effects. their choices had . ready but many people will still crave the taste of meat and have a hard time giving it up. that's where meet alternatives come in. the traditional german meet processing company is leading by the mueller picked up on the trend early on. the company has been focusing on meet substitutes since 2015 with success ah foot in one actually in july for the 1st time we sold more alternative products than meat and sausages. flash was bomb, and demand seems to be growing all the time. that

mancy student and you look at studies and predictions about the world market and the german market. then you see the german market. is that about $215000000.00 euros, jordan oil or the prognosis for 2030 is that will be at almost $30000000000.00 euros by then. i see stuff us with that by yeah, fantastic. isaac 1000000 oil we'll eat. it seems like we may well be in the midst of a food revolution. one of the biggest weakness would of course be the climate but animal welfare and our own health would benefit from a change in diet to the world health organization want in 2015, that processed meat and ret meeks could be linked to certain kansas. but what about these meet substitutes? are they really healthier once again, come on these in these and i've not even those on the whole these products have

a lot of benefits. studies have shown that red meat is quite problematic, and it appears to be linked to a higher risk of colorectal cancer, especially if you eat a lot of it in general, and you need to pay attention to the ingredients used in these alternative products . sometimes they use quite a few additives as stabilizers amal, safire's, flavorings, sometimes even flavor enhance as well as ours is a home and i file or is mac slash del gone. so consumers need to take a close look at the meta alternatives on offer. but we know that cutting back on meat would bring many benefits to our health animal, welfare and the environment. it's time to rethink the way we eat and change is in our hands. one of my guilty pleasures is she's and it seems a lot of europeans agree. after all, e u residents eat the most cheese in the world. at 9500000 tons in

2021. followed by the us with just under 6000000. brazil is far behind with around 800000 china just 430000. but as we've learned where animals are involved in food production, there are carbon emissions to consider, to get to know the industry better. dw chi shaneka had the enviable to ask of becoming a cheese maker for the day. welcome to seize paradise. this is where the magic t hoping is created that makes every dish just better. literally, i challenge you to name a dish that it can't improve. mackenzie, she's on the pizza condo and yes, life is on fred. i think loads of it ever since. i tried cutting down on me

to make cheese, you need milk and to make milk, you need animals, the emit loads of greenhouse gas emissions and use lots and lots of water. i mean, i really love cheese, but we need to talk about it. how hard is this piece of art freely on the environment? do i need to stop eating chief and how the alternative any better? and the best way to find out make some cheese yourself. cheese makers, paul, and you'll have agreed to let me look over their shoulder for the day. paul used to work for large scale dairy operations, but gave it up to create his own cheese. and here comes the milk. we just need a couple of minutes for about 250 leaders. how many liters do you actually need to make one kilogram of that depends on the cheese recipe. so it also depends on the composition of the mill. we're quite lucky here. we are working with milk from jessica's base pairs pretty small with very high solid. so we get much better

yields. and we'd say if we were using holstein, for example, but as a general rule for something like cheddar or gouter, we'd probably be looking at a 10 percent yield. so for every one killer, please me, 10 meters. and the amount of mill that is use is actually extremely important because depending on which study you're looking at between 80 and 95 percent of cheeses, greenhouse gas emissions from the mill. so the more not to use the worse for the planet. more than half of those emissions come from the farming process, because cows and other milk reducing animals fart and breathe out methane again. that is $84.00 times more potent than c o. 2 at heating the planet. but milk from different kind of animals have different carbon footprints, cow and buffalo milk have the lowest with 2.8 and 3.4 kilograms of c o 2 per

kilogram of milk. goat and she milks impact is more than double of that. with 5.2 and 8.4 kilograms of c, o 2 o mega animals, pollute the planet. less per kilogram of milk. that's because cows or buffaloes just produce more milk than a good of shape, for example. and because all these animals are ruminants and pump out methane, jesus covered footprint is actually bigger than that of poultry and even pork. more emissions than meat that is absolutely insane. but anyway, now that we've got the milk, we need to heat it up and at some bacteria, the go to date turning this into a gummy socrates. and let me tell you it's boiling in here. this chase is particularly happy if a room is a little bit too hot for the chief breaker. so if you're having a hard time when you feel like you're in a sauna vestry is going to love it,

or i or i was starting here is a process called fermentation. the bacteria feast on the sugar that's in the milk and break it down. after a while, we add a liquid called rennet. this is what turns our concoction into cheese as if restructures the case in it, a protein that can only be found in animals melt. and yes, it really works. our milk is suddenly solid. oh, just for me to cut it into pieces again. and morrila, that's 200 liters of milk in the quite heavy screw. now we have to work quickly. the current needs to go into these molds while it's still warm and be flipped after a couple of minutes. it'll cost you $20.00 arrows for hello fresh is on has so basically after another 2 or 3 hours, all of these molds go into the ripening room. a cheese makers, treasure chamber. they are all sorts of cheeses come patter,

these that need to age for longer periods of time from one or 2 months to even up to 3 years, like the famous palmers, on the processing accounts for between 2 to 18 percent of cheeses. final c o 2 emissions, but of course, the longer you need to keep it at a certain temperature and humidity for it to become really tasty. the more energy it uses such a certain extent, it's better for the planet to eat lots a rela, instead of parmesan. but there are other players on the market that can further reduce your carbon footprint vegan cheeses, but they might not be as environmentally friendly as you think. new day, another cheese maker, but today we are producing the vague in our tentative and here cash use are the main ingredient. yes, that's the wonderful thing about cassia. yes, we can make a nice mill from them if we soak them, clean them and crush them. yeah, this produces a smooth milk that can be processed into cheese alternatives. the way animal milk

would be for normal cheese production up either for arbiter to that and can. and after i've ground down, all these cashews bacteria cultures will be added to start the fermentation process . just like you would when making cheese from animal milk. they are all thought of ingredients for these alternative su hellman. oh boy, and even olive oil, i mean a bunch of different recipes might have to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions. and legacy, alternative vegan cheeses are fairly new, so there aren't a lot of studies on their environmental impact yet, which is why we can only compare what it takes to grow the most popular ingredients . cash use almonds and the new kid on the block codes. the dutch national institute for public health and the environment compare different environmental impacts. other studies claim different impacts, but for easy comparison,

i'm sticking to this one. making cheese emits way more c o 2 than reagan alternatives. one is the bacteria have started their work during the presentation. pro says, the herbs and spices are added to this version is what the company called chuck calico to become as delicious as possible. it goes through a similar ripening process as real cheese, where the bacteria continue their work. looking at the science though, it takes quite a lot of water to grow cashews. the dutch study found water consumption to be as high as 2000 liters per kilogram of cash use. but it's not just the number that's important. the impact depends a lot on the region where the cash use are ground. does it rain a lot or is it a waters cast region? for example, in vietnam, cashews are mainly grown in areas with relatively little of water stress. but the opposite is generally true for brazil or book enough fossil. alrighty. and now i'm

really curious how that is going to taste. oh yeah, it has years mail and tastes a lot of herbs. the consistency is actually pretty similar. we like cream cheese. what with her pin star as really read. all right, all right. all right. that was pretty good. even 14 love a, but if you want to go full out and saving the planet, go for owed based options, but they are just starting to hit the supermarket shelves. now, real cheese will always be my number one, but i'll try to switch it up with some tasty alternatives. thing we're going to start paying him in cheese now. now if you've found a fly in your super restaurant, you might send it back except these days it could be the garnish. 2000000000 people

already eat insects regularly. after all, they're a great source of protein and have a low carbon footprint compared to meet. there are already insect farms in europe, though most of them have produced for the animal feed market. but the e u recently approved locusts, crickets, and meal worms for human consumption to a business is booming. it could be so easy. breeding harmless little flies to laying eggs which turn into maggots with a voracious appetite for food waste. and the larvae can be turned into tasty, high protein. burger's good for the climate and the environment, though it's not quite that straightforward yet. but 1st things 1st. welcome to the love shack of the black soldier, fly a creature by the name her media. in lupin's heinrich cans

is a superstar among fly farmers. he'd love to expand his farm and be part of the insect protein revolution. and the larvae are up to the job. they have a racial appetite and gobble up everything from food waste to animal excrement. and true glutton fashion. their body weight increases 6000 fold and just 3 weeks. the problem is, you regulations forbid the farmer from feeding them food waste when, when last snowiest mark, if you're a pioneer doing something new, more than that, you're going to really enjoy what you're doing and be enthusiastic about it. but often you do bumping the challenges in a lot, especially in the case of disruptive innovation, as you might find yourself facing regulatory hurdles, avi cleansing in europe. we say if it's not permitted it's prohibited. oh, a kind of a prudence principle default. whenever you do something truly new, you know it'll be prohibited done for mark like for warden. the eel is concerned about the sanitary conditions of the larvae which live in their own feed and theses

insect live, in, in their feet. they live in their own feet. so you have to make sure that there is no risk of contamination between the feet which day if and the insect protein, which is the final product at which will be consumed. this is why they're currently fed on pink feed because they own dish. this up here is o kara, which is great for our young larvae, or cora is a by product of tow for production. for yesterday, this is less but there are more efficient solutions available, like in kenya, we're handling can't says also set up a fly farm. with indoor plumbing, a rarity in many poorer districts. a startup has set a portable lavatories in selected places, but the excrement is later collected and mixed with food waste a blend that's perfectly suited to the black soldier. fly larvae he lost and

found on july. the larvae are then fed to pigs and chickens aloft. if we've had this system up and running for a couple of years now with 0 problems and no cases of animals getting sick, i didn't leave office michelle tom despite its concerns. the you says it wants to promote larvae farming, which could be a sustainable source of protein and a meat substitute. nearly 100 percent of the maggots can be consumed, either by livestock or humans. there is far less waste than when pig chickens or cows are on the dinner plaintiff with plants, the maggots shells can be used as a fertilizer or for making cosmetic products and even medications. you know that you've been u. s. a. dr. an action plan for a circular economy, and we have adopted the for the farm to for strategy where we want to develop resilient and sustainable food supply chains. and one of the things which are being

assessed there is whether you feed substrates for insects are focused on former food stamps. could be considered as a source, a feature. so these reflections ongoing. meanwhile, the e is dragging its heels on the certification front. before waste can be used this way, the e once proof that as a safe product as his own sklar that we know that we need to deliver empirical evidence that it safely congress and passes with the field. but the e. u is basically making that impossible because they won't grant us an exemption. nomic naming your greek. so we're being asked to provide evidence while being denied the means to do so. it was the community college game. we can only hope that will be granted exemptions at the local level, and that the you doesn't put a spanner in the works. you're hoping to start a college. for now, i know chances ground fly larvae can only be fed to dogs and fish,

but it all goes well. larvae could be the next big thing in the food industry. so everything we eat has an impact, but it's clear, there are plenty of alternatives. that's all for this edition of made thanks for watching and see you can see ah ah, with

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