benefit at more than $65000000000.00 per year, primarily as coastal protection against erosion and as a nursery for fish they have a very high carbon density. so a lot of carbon per square meter of mangrove forest. a lot of that is in the said immense, not just in the biomass, which makes sense looking at the mangrove forest. it's not, i'm all that big compared to a tropical rainforest, for example. but in the sediments in the soil that they keep their, with their roots, that can be a lot of carbon stored. there is no one natural carbon st, extracting carbon dioxide, out of the atmosphere. but nature provides us with a number of options. and 1st and foremost, we need to reduce our c o. 2 emissions. well, forests are important. come on, seats up to 40 percent of the art salons is covered with gross land. these under

appreciated biome is an important source of protein and a store has come on as well. unfortunately, some of the expansive grasslands in south africa's eastern cape are threatened by mining erosion and oval gracie. i would like for you not to have a pool. as a newbie later model, bella is happy. she just sold 3 of her cows for the equivalent of over 1000 euros. she's a single mother and the mobile cattle auctions, organized by environmental and rural solutions, are a godsend. this options are very good for us and very right and for us, because we don't have transport to take our doctor the slight fulfilling they come to us. and some, sometimes we do negotiated the price if we're not satisfied. in the past, small houses in south africa, grasslands could only buy from and sell to their neighbors. the big capital auctions were held much too far away. the environmental and rural solutions ers

organization launched the auctions in 2014. since then, $3800.00 cattle have gone under the hammer for a total of $1700000.00 euros that benefited more than $500.00 families. a cattle bred here on the grasslands are renowned for their excellent quality on environmental scientist, nicky mccloud and soil scientists. lip. alyssa cc montela founded ers 20 years ago . oh, and how often do you think the cattle auctions are just one part of a wider scheme to promote sustainable practices in rural areas? where much of the grasslands has been badly degraded? the fragile ecosystem has been jeopardized by over grazing and mismanagement. the grasslands cover at 10 percent of south africa, but supplied 60 percent of the drought stricken countries. water needs

against a backdrop of global warming and climate change. problems such as over grazing, soil, erosion and water security have become more urgent than ever keeping this beautiful grassland intact as a water absorb. that's basically the skin on the ground. the skin on the earth giving as gross then detect, sorry, important for replenishing on water. so sorry, but tackling the issue of over grazing in a region that depends on livestock. farming is a challenge. all ok? one solution involves reviving age old hurting tradition. my boy, ella, in dog we're dollar folks we saw call after i started a long time ago with our forefathers got him. him follow up my fellow. the way they used to do it was to pile up some stones and paint them. um i looked over a quote number, we had another guy that way the community knew which side was follow and which side was for grazing. got there were to be re record or draw. now margin,

this traditional system of land rotation had been used for a very long time. but as more and more people left the area to find work in the cities, the practice died out. a lot of fat, the young people didn't understand it. bad. if they talked to, they add us up the community, then it was easier to have this system more accepted. that the challenge that we have that is major around here is the livestock theft here and the grasslands. 47 percent of young people are unemployed and crime rates are soaring. but ers has found a solution to that problem as well. in the village of parent sheep a, b into tud. so it's clear who they belong to. good. that makes stealing them pointless. the branding is done by eco champs young people trained by the

ers team as a veteran, re paramedics, they what by themselves, distributing medicine and vaccinating livestock on remote farms. i don't really 100 me. it's a very successful project and you know, i used to have a 12 kettle, 5 sheep, but now due to this association, helping us with the day vaccination and other made is, is why i'm heaven now. they a d and la, la la la sheep. i am having drain digital due to this leap, acela's, cc montela, and mickey mccloud, have convinced many people here in eastern k province, but living in harmony with nature, benefits them to help secure their livelihoods. now that's how it is done. an initiative is successful when nature can be protected and

people can still make ends meet the creators of the project in our next report. also embraced that concept. thus right, sandra, next we go to to nisha with fishes. ah, in trouble. what is, according to on e study, demeter in his c as been fish stokes dropped by ah thought over the last 50 years. the vast majority of native species and are threatened by over fission visitors entering the town of ours. these will notice a work of art that looks more like wishful thinking than the reality on the ground . precious you fishers and tunisia bring in a decent catch these days. many simply abandoned their boats. and young people are leaving. when this villain was looking at the current situation, i have to say that there was no future in fishing. i can only tell young people to

consider a different line of work. biologists from the national institute of marine sciences and technology and fox are looking for reasons behind the dwindling fish docs. the prime suspect toxic algae, which repeatedly turned the sea water, read climate change high water temperatures and rising phosphorus and nitrogen levels provide a perfect environment for the algae to flourish. nater, species such a c, brain suffocate and are dying off in huge numbers. on her i will not take her say this if we discovered that a toxic species of algae is responsible for this phenomenon of the wind is enough in 2019 there was a very high concentration of the algae species called korea bravest full on the need of all astir, said consumption. assume in 2020 it stocks the slightly lower. good that they haven't yet, or i need to be blood enough, if or so, but this yet, they have increased again in eva, eva if once in a vast ya, the local,

especially in the area around the port of galvez when you rule and you fall into this to make ends meet with fishers, frequently resort to illegal methods, such as catching fish that are actually too young and small to sell like this swordfish. at the fish market in fox, you'll also find cartilage in his fish like raise and sharks, which are in fact endangered and protected species. best years, i edi a needle rebels the are trying to reverse the trend. they want fishers to stop catching sharks and other endangered species. they're part of the project med bycatch, which was launched 2 years ago and began with extensive data collection. oh, nice though good. we've collected a lot of data up key which will used to make proposals on how to reduce unwanted by

catch of endangered species. and we're lock up for all of janisa given the up load all due to the law. thin, easy need up for belle see has developed a good relationship with the fishing community in the port as, as ease. he tells them about the research results and provides insights into the concept of close season. this is when the different species lay their eggs and can't be fished. the evaluation of the samples makes it clear that fishing in the mediterranean must become more sustainable. one solution would be using different fishing methods. trawling can be replaced by long lining, which involves long plastic lines with sardine baited. hooks attached at around 6 meter intervals. met by catch plans to recommend this type of fishing. lin fed up with the long line in and hook line fishing, not the fish. i have the choice for larry barella and then the fish that go for the

bait. what am again called the the can it in the others don't. it's completely different to trawling animal, which basically catches everything in the see if it was a proper said deborah mcgrew. last at ben shoemaker is an advocate of the long line method. but to day he can't go fishing. the wind is too strong and the waves too big conditions are simply too dangerous. so he heads back to the harbor. preserving the ecosystem in the mediterranean will also require more fishermen like las had been shoemaker, to switch to alternative methods. and not only as ours ease, but across tunisia and along the coasts of other countries bordering the mediterranean sea. we've got to interact with our planet in a more sustainable way. nature has an incredible ability to regenerate, but we can't leave it up to nature alone. that's all from echo africa today. i am

chris a lamps signing of from league. i think it grief i will say good bye to buck i hope of yours. do stay in touch with us on all our social media platforms, all of the best until next week. and deuced, it says, i am thunder tween of you. good bye from compiler. here in uganda. ah, ah, ah ah, ah, ah ah, ah, with

ah, with the power affords when i come from, i never saw the sun wear lipstick. have you grown up in brazil? the sun was always the man since the points of his word for son is masculine. when

i moved to jam, when he has a 10 year old, i watched a cartoon on tv that would change how i see the world. because inter i'm, the son is family. it 5 feet in now, but the side of a girl is solar. sorry, the pony tail instead of a deep voice, extra one of the guy seemed absolutely incredible. i realized how language shaped for thinking, how definitions for i'm not only mental images are a whole perception of the world's dis inside saved my life and was one of the reasons i became a journalist. i'm a storyteller, and i use my words to help with intercultural understanding. my name is elena quailey and i work at d, w. a. b with each passing day of the continuing conflict in syria. more and more children fear their future maybe fading away. with every classroom damaged or destroyed, with every child witnessing the horror of war. every family fleeing the violence.

we can't risk losing an entire generation of children to death, fear, and despair. because they are the future of syria. aah! long does a moment last year and eternity time . it can be measured precisely. and did everyone experiences it differently as if there are different forms of time? time. a phenomenon, a dimension, if we know we won't live forever, an illusion. about time presenting futures past starts december 31st on d. w a

whole ah ah, there's a day deputy news life from berlin. germany become the lightest european countries to tighten corona virus restrictions. child let. all of sholtes announces new measures that will come into effect after christmas by include a limit on social gathering them. there are to be no.