generation steers for the future then some deal with environmental protection, unemployment, and also the dangers of runaway technologies. zation. however, they find their musical muse and the old legends traditions and characteristic sounds of a mongolian culture. ah some noodle, the name john on his closely connected with a history of the horse, had federal ha mongolian national instrument and he told me this was a good time. no, the mongolians have always said that there was a very kind hearted man who owned a black horse named chow,

not 13 and was hey listen, it maddening. it. when he died one day they wanted to honor its murder and built the 1st horse head fiddle in its image was sing? yes, a thought. sweet. used its bones the tale and main me he's made through the dated letter. da says that it, whenever the longing sees to him to the gold with he played on it metal. and he remembered his black old members of a young generation who went in search of their own cultural identity and found that place in the world. ah. with a victory, there was a stay of cha. we hope that in the future people will remember our band. joe nodded for successfully having passed traditional mongolian music on to younger generations in a profound way. host reduces, it was dis,

disconnect with which to because that is our wish to women. it is what we hope our musical achievement will be on to the total and then with these to it and hit the 2nd leg of our journey takes us from the capital on batter along the transmit galion railway to the city of chair, 250 kilometers away in the heart of the mongolian step coolant bottle, central station 7, a. m a real hero is waiting for the train to

chair. good at cha, jig dead, demi dean is the only mon goals so far. who has traveled into space? since his space flies in 1981, he has been treated like a superstar in his country. the retired air force major general was also the country's minister of defense until 2004. however, most mongol see him 1st and foremost as a heroic cosmonaut concert in the slavery lansing thing for the 1st space learnt, byron mongolian was a significant moment for our people and they will stay a part of mongolian history is an important event all these days. young people learn about it from newspapers and magazines from radio and television, from their parents, relatives, and siblings. with detroit, as a result, mongolians of etched it firmly ended. the ramirez was another, almost as would sing him, warriors, altima, ah,

even in retirement, the major general still has very little free time. he regularly speaks at events on military history about his experiences as a research cosmo, not on the soviet. so use 39 space mission and about his 8 day stay on the so you to 6 space station do dr. jim deb emma dean was awarded the title, cosmic hero of mongolia to honor his career. he is the only living mongolian to hold it. that'll be all done. what done it, will you go with his mother 3? no. well i try not to get myself so much important. i will say, what have i done so far with what are my achievements? many about the job again, but i don't really think about myself that way or ask those types of question. that sounds like it's in good. both of them think it's not the next. what matters to me is that i want to remain the same person. i was before i went to space,

that's all of the said did here to g, back there and my spaceship, commander and friend. bloody murat exam, garbage johnny beck of said to me. after space trouble, you will have many new friends. but please don't forget your old ones. you forget. i still think about his words to this day by its letter, which is why i want to public to see me as i really am about. i'm about to wonder how to get to some relief. sadly, do what's the cosmonaut is the role model for his fellow countrymen, some one they respect, even though they recognize that his feats were idealized in soviet propaganda. his ride on the train has been announced. the entire train crew and even the cook know, the famous space traveler will be on board. the cook is actually a style chef who was assigned just for this journey. it will be up to him to make

a top quality meal in the few square meter kitchen on the wobbling train. what i need to cover will be serving delicious dumplings and potato salad to the cosmic hero monica dumplings filled with beef and tasty mountain town. they should make fantastic dumplings the shift does not pass up the opportunity to serve his hero, the food in the dining car. personally. the potato salad served as actually made according to a german recipe. it's a colony left over from the times of international friendship between mongolia and east germany. the transmogrified inn express takes

a good 3 hours to get to church in the province of gov, his number deep in the mongolian step. mm. good. at judging dead them, athene is no stranger to the city until the early 19 ninety's. both soviets and mongolian air force bases were located in the region around. sure. so the station was strategically important. marvin, with the retired cosmonaut, knows it well. the family member from all this is why the station staff in by to their celebrity guest to join them. they proudly recall this historic moment. hello to dated july. nowadays the 72 year old increasingly looks back not only on his achievements, but also on his roots as a simple nomad ah,

the va, hidden of the motor door bertha, the mongols have actually been watching the skies in space from very early on. and just so, so if you, if here are long history shows that we've used celestial bodies to navigate by for thousands of years now about to sell to us. but moreover, to survive as a pastoral and nomadic people in your world, we have to be able to foresee the vagaries of the weather, the hot cold. that's why the mongolians always directed their gaze and thoughts towards the celestial bodies. a thing that he can so ordered out long she lives seemingly. ah, oh, well the trends, mongolian railway continues on its meandering course towards the chinese border. we stay a little longer in the wild blooming step, the round chair for

centuries, nomadic castle breeding has been the mainstay of the entire region. camel hurts round their natural environment freely as do horses, sheep, or goods. the step landscape around mount cinder, about 50 kilometers from chair is known for its fertile ground. this is where all tongue carol has settled. for most of the year, the nomads, horses live while they have to withstand winters with temperatures as low as minus 40 degrees celsius as well as wolves, which the horses can severely injured or even kill. with one kick, the cattle head, his family lives with their horses following the rhythm of nature. wearing a watch would be a superfluous luxury. or the lou louis allowed them to go. we get up early and were

out all day until dark and such new. we heard the capital and move them from here to there. since we are out all day long, we don't need to ask what time it is. good for us, there is morning, noon afternoon and the movement of the sun. now these are, these are, you know, you always keep an eye on the sun. after all, it's the only thing you can keep in view here because it's the sun that is always determined whether it is day or night with the house. or do i go what you're done? oh, where did the ancient songs of the nomads tell of their longing for their beloved homeland? the endless expenses of the step and the deep blue mongolian sky.

never way who knew? well, husband takes care of the horses add in his suit, turns the rich milk from their goats and sheep into quogue, yogurt, and cheese. these are staple foods during the summer months. the youngest daughter still lives with her father and mother. her oldest siblings are already attending school and live with their grandparents in the city. a daily walk to school through the step would be much too arduous and too far. not to them silly spotted wound video to that. we have never really thought about living in the city. if we have worked down the city, we take the chain as it usually runs at night. why not are that way? we are there early in the morning before work starts. i so much and then you can

get a lot done in a day stamps. itinerant herd is aunt interested in material wealth. they see possessions as additional ballast. but the number and conditions of their animals on the other hand, are extremely important to them. because they show their diligence and skill, they are one another, a low ball on the well, we get over 200 kilograms of kashmir, will sometimes even 300 kilograms from the 700 goats will do good. the and the money we earn from the wall trade is enough to cover all the expenses that come up over the year to the left in the other school fees in autumn, man to pay for the $2.00 or 3 workers who help us go there. he pays for anything important that crops up in the year. although to under could we also prepare the meet from our catalog to feed ourselves in winter, the iliad. but we also sell some of it. so we live from the immense productivity of

our animals. oh, did you shirt and her hair? oh, not good them. all. her mining has dramatically increased and all of her, all sorts of things are being done to the soil, which is having a negative effect on the bodies of water and pastureland up to us near north. we now get very little water from our wells. it didn't isn't says, and it hardly rains any more. hold so much as it. so when i look back on my childhood, it often rained continuously for 3 or 4 days. oh oh, oh, oh. mongolia sits on huge deposits of natural resources. and

a round chair, one of the country's largest and most important centers of mining iron or copper, or and lig nice is growing. hello, the mongolian mining companies and profiting from the countries wealth of raw materials, nearly as much as big international investors and energy giants still the development is good for mongolia as railways. the network is growing and jobs are being created. i don't know the dog. oh goodness, hulu. so me, shannon motel economy has a major influence on the expansion and development of the real race and vice versa . so in this as you go stitch and the mongolian railway is currently expanding,

our stock bothered, the locomotives and real cars are becoming more advanced. settled, jones should have food with this, with the real network. and the entire real logistics are currently being revamped us because of the filter with freight traffic in particular is increasing chelisa. so the future of our railways looks really promising. the south with most rural met reels are exposure to neighboring countries. china, however, uses a different gauge of track to mongolia where the network is based on the rush and broad gauge. that means all the wagons must be reloaded on the chinese border, which is a huge additional cost factor. a lot of the locomotives are also of russian origin and wanted to put her argument on us while the books. so there are currently $31.00 of these russian locomotives of mongolia, the older the chickens. but at the walks we have been using this one since 2010,

not vermont us with the chopper up now and polish which are they both are both on the can call up to 5000 tons and it's 2 engines have a total of $7212.00 horsepower. who's the 1? 1 of the stuff she went through a long trial period and has proven she can survive the long distances and the hard mongolian winters very well was there without won't. but the heavy diesel engines and seemingly endless lines of wagons move effortlessly through the lonely step landscape, day and night. even

as darkness falls, the station in chastise, very busy. as a vital transport hub, it is growing in parallel with the economy. mongolian history and therefore bass of its railway is closely into woven with that of its russian neighbour. with the founding of the social is peoples republic of mongolia . 1921. the soviet union sided with its economically weaker online engineers in moscow design, the lines and force laborers was sent from russian prison cans to reinforce the mongolian tract workers to drive this gigantic project through the 1111 kilometers of track through the most difficult terrain gave mongolia a big boost. it was a great success for the soviets to renewed by the wealth of mineral resources.

bass, military considerations also played a major role in the fraternal relief action. the transmitter galion railing from the russian border in the north to china and the south is still the backbone of all rail traffic in mongolia today because of the enormous distances, many passenger trains run overnight. sleeping cars are the best way to weather the long journey times to is also on the roof of the so called dealer trains. most of the passengers on board, all mongolian merchants on their way to their chinese neighbors. there they buy goods that are late is sold at a profit in their shops back home. a large part of the mongolian population now lives from this trade, including some women from bogan,

as city in northern central mongolia, about baghdad. bob hollins us up on the little little amish. they ordered. we're on the train for 4 days to miss all the launched the. but if you include all the shopping in beijing or even further away auto home, then you get to a total of at least 10 days on the road. you don't long thing of the job while the everyone, both retailers and wholesalers take the train to travel between the 2 countries, fit it all the page, the wire. ah, because the train is safe for people and also for the transport of goods. ah, and you can almost live your life in a trade passengers can sleep and eat, drink and relax on board. hop on paid the 2 of them. many of the mongolian commercial travellers have come from other professions. madame got up studied mongolian literature in the 19 seventies and her husband is

an artist. up among the chill thing. he said, the 1992, there was a political inversion and we moved to a market economy society fin old. and suddenly it was all in, if you drink from their cup, you also have to follow their customs. they didn't skip you. mobile. a lot was privatized. and state owned enterprises were broken up into small businesses of so many people including academics became unemployed and wages were very low. ever since then, we've become so called saddle baggers, some of sima saddlebags is an old mongolian term referring to nomadic merchants who used to tie their goods to the saddles of their horses and ride off to sell them. ah,

it seems the historical reference makes it a bit easier for present commercial travellers to accept their life circumstances which are frequently difficult even if it's hardly had dream job. 60 year old badani got off does not complain. all 20 he his order ottawa, austin. i have no other option which so both of them, even if we are only small businesses, good, we're still importing for society and for our families, our children and our grandchildren. it before we pay for college, i rent and food. i have actually yet more than half of all mongolians finance their lives through small businesses, often one of them is me from sanctioned rails station. it takes another 5 hours to reach the chinese border.

ah, just how much the landscape has changed. only becomes apparent in daylight. ah, the rich green stepped landscape has given way to the oak colored infinity of the go, the desert covering some 1300000 square kilometers. it is the largest desert in asia. the desert city of same challenge is about 250 kilometers south east of church, along the transmitter, guardian railway. almost 40 kilometers further on in the east and gobi desert, we come to hum our monastery, which the mongolians also call hammering heat. the

19th century complex is an important centre for mongolian buddhism. again to mary is a buddhist monk who travels on the night train from milan. bot are several times a month. he says, it's an escape from the confines of the city and that it was only here in this barren and empty expanse that he became aware of the connection between freedom and mongolian identity. if to though, if the will freedom for me means responsibility at hostile. if we have freedom too bad, we must deal with a responsibly elect to the house. i'm free adults, i'm a chin gus mongo. but instead of thumping my chest to the dog, i'm trying to remember that the world is more dog and the gets injured. it is sure i consider myself a mongol, but i don't consider others as foreigners to deal with

a mold. and i'm a buddhist monk. i'm huge, so i have responsibilities to live with hosting. with every autumn, hundreds of pilgrims and believers from all over mongolia meet in hum our monastery . a ritual walk through the stony deserts around the monastery grounds is said to drive away bad omens and renew the life energy of each individual. mongolian buddhists believe the whole earth's energy pools in this atmospheric place. ah, the colorful truth makes its way about 2 kilometers into the desert. to some balla

center, somebody has a holy places that refer to the mythical city of the same name, where latin says the accumulated knowledge of buddhism will out last time itself. with dan san raphael was a buddhist lama as important mongolia as the current done a lama into bass. he personally chose this place to build a monastery in 1824. over a 100 years hum r monastery was one of the most important buddhist centers of faith in mongolia. a in the mid 19 thirties, mongolia, as communist government turned against buddhism. monks were condemned as anti

stalinist elements. thousands were imprisoned, or killed, and monasteries were destroyed. oh, darling, next move. what's in the law? the 1st arrest cindy executions of buddhists took place on september. the 10th 1937 good after future generations must learn about it. if it inside would be the that is why on this day we call on the whole world to prevent such evil deeds from happening again. he departed, no person should be excluded. persecuted or murdered because of his or her beliefs or opinions. i've read again when it says to him, we are gathered here today so that these atrocities will never be repeated. good. i come. what did people know? ah, the meeting has become part of mongolian intangible, cultural heritage. and buddhists from all over the world celebrate the resurrection

. of the monastery and their faith in the boundless expanses of the gobi desert. oh, come on. history symbolizes a commitment to freedom and independence for all mongolians. the hope is that its story can teach future generations to look ahead with hope. self confidence and self determination. ma'am, ma'am berlin, i lived through all dog. my whole life's journey is dedicated to a happy and bright future. the youth did it last mold on. so my train of life is traveling towards optimism for every one. everywhere our journey through mongolia is drawing to a close. there's much more that could be told. but as an old mongolian proverb, nose scene once is better than heard

a 1000 times with ah, the plight of the refugees and kelly. despite the freezing, cold, thousands of migrants are waiting, hear their destination breaking. many pay for the journey across the english channel with their lives. finally, france and england want to focus on europe. in 30 minutes on d. w. d w's crime fighters are back with africa. most successful

radio drama series continues from them. all episodes are available online. and of course you can share and discuss on d. w, africa's facebook page, and other social media platforms, crime fighters, tune in now. welcome to the dark side where intelligence agencies are pulling the strings. there was a before 911 and after 911, he says after 911, the clubs came off. where organized crime rules were conglomerates and make their own laws. they invade our private lives through surveillance. hidden opaque, secretive works through woods vague. it doesn't matter. the

only criteria is what we'll hook people up. we shed light on the opaque worlds who's behind the benefits. and why are they a threat to us? all opaque wolves starts january 5th on d w with ah, this is dw news and these are our top stories. germany is infectious disease agency is warning that alma cron will become the dominant variant within weeks. the whole but cough institute says the countries health system and critical.