tire generation steers for the future. their sons deal with environmental protection, unemployment, and also the dangers of runaway technologies ation. however, they find their musical muse and the old legends traditions, and characteristic sounds of a mongolian culture. ah, some new above the name jonathan is closely connected with a history of the horse had federal r, mongolia, national instrument. who told me this with the time now the mongolians have always said that there was a very kind hearted man who owned a black horse named joe not 13 and was hey, listen to it,

loading it when it died. one day when they wanted to honor it, murder and built, the 1st horse head fiddle in its image was sing. yes, i thought so. sweet. used its bones the tale and main me. he's made the theoretical meta da says that it, whenever the longing seized him to the board with he played on it metal and he remembered his black horse, john on her money, that an assistant in common with the musicians were present a young and confident mongolia internationally as well as members of a young generation who went in search of their own cultural identity and found their place in the world. ah, with michael

the to do, i'm to was a mom the ones of the day of giant. we hope that in the future, people will remember our band, joe, known for successfully having passed traditional mongolian music on to younger generations in a profound way. how strategic was des with diesel been negative with which to be to that is our wish to women. it is what we hope our musical achievement will be totally, totally dead with these to get into the 2nd leg of our to any takes us from the capital on batter along the transmit galion railway to the city of chair, 250 kilometers away in the heart of the mongolian step will

and batter central station 7 am. a real hero is waiting for the train to chair. good at char jig, dead demi dean is the only mon goals so far who has traveled into space? since his space flies in 1981, he has been treated like a superstar in his country. the retired air force major general was also the country's minister of defense until 2004. however, most mongol see him 1st and foremost as a heroic cosmonaut concert in the slick woodland sing. for the 1st basement buyer, mongolian was a significant moment for our people in and we'll stay a part of mongolian history is an important event all these days. young to learn

about it. from newspapers and magazines, from radio and television, from their parents, relatives and siblings. with detroit, as a result, mongolians have edged it firmly into the memories with an almost as good thing he quoted on sir, ah, even in retirement, the major general still has very little free time. he regularly speaks at events on military history about his experiences as a research cosmo, not on the soviet. so used 39 space mission and about his 8 day stay on the saw youth. 6 space station, good act, tragic, dead them. dean was awarded the title, cosmic hero of mongolia to honor his career. he's the only living mongolian to hold it. that'll be. oh, don't let them go, give up the 3. no, well i try not to give myself so much important level to see what have i done so

far, which what are my achievements mainly about the job again, but the i don't really think about myself that way or ask those types of questions . sounds like i think it's both of them think it's about the 2nd. what matters to me is that i want to remain the same person i was before i went into space baffles of the said did here to g back there in my spaceship, commander and friend vladimir ot xandra which johnny beck of said to me. richard, after space trouble, you'll have many new friends, but please don't forget your old ones. you are. again. i still think about his words to this day by slot on, which is why i want to public to see me as i really i thought i had thought of doing that. how to get to some will certainly do what's the cosmonaut is the role model for his fellow countrymen. some one they respect. even though they recognize that his feats were idealized in soviet propaganda. his ride on the train has been announced. the entire train crew and even the cook know,

the famous space traveler will be on board. the cook is actually a style chef who was assigned just for this journey. it will be up to him to make a top quality meal in the few square me to kitchen on the wobbling train. what anita saga will be serving delicious dumplings and potato salad to the cosmic hero monica dumplings filled with beef and tasty, modern town. they should make fantastic dumplings the shift does not pass up the opportunity to serve his hero, the food in the dining hall. personally.

the potato salad served as actually made according to a german recipe. it's a culinary left over from the times of international friendship between mongolia and east germany. the transmit good in express takes a good 3 hours to get a chair in the province of gov, his number deep in the mongolian step. good at judging dead them. athene is no stranger to the city until the early 19 ninety's. both soviets and mongolian air force bases were located in the region around. sure. so the station was strategically important. marvin, with the retired cosmo not knows it. well. i remember from all this is why the station stove invited their celebrity guest to join them. they proudly recalled this historic moment hello to it.

nowadays the 72 year old increasingly looks back not only on his achievements, but also on his roots as a simple nomad. ah, the good not the motor dog bertha, the mongols have actually been watching the skies in space from very early on as well. so if you, if here are long history shows that we've used celestial bodies to navigate by for thousands of years about to sell to us or moreover, to survive as a pastoral and nomadic people in their world, we have to be able to foresee the vagaries of the weather to hot cold, that's why the mongolians always directed their gaze and thoughts towards the celestial bodies of think that he can so ordered hot out long. she lived here civilly. ah

oh, well the trans mongolian railway continues on its meandering course towards the chinese border. we stay a little longer in the wild blooming stead. the round chair 2 centuries nomadic chasm breeding has been the mainstay of the entire region. camel hurts rome there natural in i am and freely as 2 horses sheep. okay. ah. the step landscape around mount cinder, about 50 kilometers from chair is known for its fertile ground. this is where all tongue carol has settled. for most of the year, the nomads, horses live wild, they have to withstand winters with temperatures as low as minus 40 degrees celsius

as well as wolves, which the horses can severely injure or even kill with one kick. the cattle had his family lives with their horses following the rhythm of nature. wearing a watch would be a superfluous luxury on either lou louis allow them to go. we get up early and we're out all day until dark. my license, i knew we had the capitol and move them from here to there. since were out all day long, we don't need to ask what time it is. good for us, there is morning, noon afternoon and the movement of the sun. now these are, these are, you know, you always keep an eye on the sun. after all, it's the only thing you can keep in view here because it's the sun that is always determined whether it is day or night with the house. i don't all do. i go a georgia sam oh . 6 where oh,

the ancient songs of the nomads tell of their longing for their beloved homeland. the endless expanses of the step and the deep blue mongolian sky. and never the wave who knew would laugh. ha, husband takes care of the horses ad dentist suit turns the rich milk from their goats and sheep into crock yogurt cheese. these are stable foods during the summer months. the youngest daughter still lives with her father and mother. her oldest siblings are already attending school and live with their grandparents in the city. a daily walk to school through the step would be much too arduous and too far

not to them singly, wanted to live with you to that. we have never really thought about living in the city. if we have worked down the city, we take the train as it usually runs at night. while nora, that way we are there early in the morning before work starts so much and then you can get a lot done in a day stamps. itinerant herd is aren't interested in material wealth. they see possessions as additional ballast. but the number and conditions of their animals on the other hand, are extremely important to them because they show their diligence and skill. they are one them are vulnerable on the well, we get over 200 kilograms of kashmir, will sometimes even 300 kilograms from the 700 coats will do good. and the money we earn from the world trade is enough to cover all the expenses that come up over the year to the lot in the other school fees and autumn man to pay for the $2.00 or 3 workers who help us go there. he pays for anything important that crops up in the

year or 2, and we also prepare the meat from our catalog to feed ourselves in winter daily. but we also sell some of it. so we live from the immense productivity of our animals. oh, did you shirt and her hair? oh, not good them. all. her mining has dramatically increased and that all of her, all sorts of things are being done to the soil, which is having a negative effect on the bodies of water and pastureland dos near north. we now get very little water from our wells to the tin missiles says and it hardly rains any more. hold on one is it still to when i look back on my childhood, it often rained continuously for 3 or 4 days. oh,

oh. a oh, mongolia sits on huge deposits of natural resources and a round chair, one of the country's largest and most important centers of mining iron or copper, all and lig nice is growing. hello, the mongolian mining companies and profiting from the country's wealth of rural materials, nearly as much as big international investors and energy giants still the development is good for mongolia as railways. the network is growing, and jobs are being created. i don't know.

oh, goodness, hulu. so me who she knew multi economy has a major influence on the expansion and development of the real race and vice versa . so this is your stitch and the mongolian railway is currently expanding our staff other than the locomotives and real cars are becoming more advanced, subtle, ga food with this, with the real network. and the entire real logistics are currently being revamped us a little with freight traffic in particular is increasing service usa. so the future of our railways looks really promising. so with most room at reels are exposure to neighboring countries. china, however, uses the different gauge of tract mongolia, where the network is based on the rush and broad gauge. that means all the wagons must be reloaded on the chinese border, which is a huge additional cost factor. a lot of the locomotives are also of russian origin

. i want to put a, are you on this all the books? so there are currently 31 of these russian locomotives of mongolia, the alter the chickens, put up the walks we've been using this one since 2010 north vermont us with the chopper. well, polish which are they both are both on the can call up to $5000.00 tons and it's 2 engines have a total of $7212.00 horsepower. what kind of a stir she went through a long trial period and has proven she can survive the long distances and the hard mongolian winters very well was there without won't. but the heavy diesel engines and seemingly endless lines of wagons moved effortlessly

through the lonely step landscape, day and night. even as darkness fools, the station in chuck stays very busy. as a vital transport hub, it is growing in parallel with the economy. mongolia is history and therefore that of its railway is closely into weather and with that of its russian neighbour with the founding of the so she is peoples republic of mongolia. 1921. the soviet union sided with its economically weaker allied engineers and moscow designed the lines and forced labourers was sent from russian prison cans. to reinforce the mongolian track with his to drive this gigantic

project through the 1111 kilometers of track through the most difficult rain, gave mongolia a big boost. it was a great success for the soviets to renewed by the wealth of mineral resources. bass, military considerations also played a major role in the fraternal relief action. the trans mongolian railing from the russian border in the north to china and the south is still the backbone of all rail traffic a mongolia to day because of the enormous distances, many passenger trains run over night sleeping cars are the best way to weather the long journey times to is also on the roof of the so called dealer trains. most of the passengers on board,

all mongolian merchants on their way to their chinese neighbors. there they buy goods that are late is sold at a profit in their shops back home. a large part of the mongolian population now lives from this trade, including some women from bogan, a city in northern central, mongolia, about bankruptcy. bob hollins us up on the little little amish. they ordered. we're on a train for 4 days to miss all the long stuff, but if you include all the shopping in beijing or even further away auto home, then you get to a total of at least 10 days on the road. didn't long thing of the job. although everyone, both retailers and wholesalers takes the train to travel between the 2 countries, hid it on the page to wire. ah, because the train is safe for people and also for the transport of goods. ha. and you can almost live your life in a trade. passengers can sleep and eat,

drink and relax on board. hop on, they told me many of the mongolian commercial travelers have come from other professions. madame got up studied mongolian literature in the 19 seventies and her husband is an artist among the chill thing. he said, not the 1992. there was a political inversion and we moved to a market economy society fin older. and suddenly it was all in, if you drink from their cup, you also have to follow their customs. they big escape. the mobile lot was privatized. and state owned enterprises were broken up into small businesses over so many people including academics became unemployed and wages were very low. ever since then, we've become so called saddle baggers, some of sima saddle

bag is an old mongolian term referring to nomadic merchants who used to tie their goods to the saddles of a horses and ride off to sell them. ah, it seems the historical reference makes it a bit easier for present commercial travelers to accept their lives circumstances which are frequently difficult even if it's hardly her dream job. 60 year old badani got off, does not complain. all plenty, he his order ottawa was there. i have no other option who quite so bold and even if we are only small businesses, good, we're still importing for society and for our families, our children and our grandchildren. if possible, we pay for college rent and food. i have actually yet more than half of all mongolians finance their lives through small businesses,

often one of them is me from sanctioned rails station. it takes another 5 hours to reach the chinese buddha. ah, just how much the landscape has changed. only becomes apparent in daylight. ah, the rich green stepped landscape has given way to the ocho colored infinity of the gobi desert. covering some 1300000 square kilometers. it is the largest desert in asia. the desert city of same shuns is about 250

kilometers south east of church, along the transmitter, guardian railway. almost 40 kilometer his further on. in the east and gobi desert, we come to hum our monastery, which the mongolians also call hammering heat. the 19th century complex is an important centre for mongolian buddhism. again to mary is a buddhist monk who travels on the night train from milan baton several times a month. he says, it's an escape from the confines of the city and that it was only here in this barren and empty expanse that he became aware of the connection between freedom and mongolian identity. if true though, if the will freedom for me means responsibility austell, if we have freedom to obey, we must deal with the responsibly elect to the house. i'm free adults, i'm

a chin gus mongo. but instead of thumping my chest good. i'm trying to remember that the world is more of like a digit. it is sure i consider myself a mongol, but i don't consider others as foreigners didn't in the model. and i'm a buddhist monk. i'm here. so i have responsibility, so figured to withdraw. with every autumn, hundreds of pilgrims and believers from all over mongolia meet in hum, are monastery. a ritual walk through the stony desert around the monastery grounds is said to drive away bad omens and renew the life energy of each individual. mongolian buddhists believe the whole earth's energy pools in this atmospheric

place. ah, the colorful truth makes its way about 2 kilometers into the desert to a shambhala center, a shamble as a holy places that refer to the mythical city of the same name. where legend says the accumulated knowledge of buddhism will out last time itself. a dance on raphael was a buddhist lama as important in mongolia as the current don i lama into bess. he personally chose this place to build a monastery in 1824 over

a 100 years. hum. our monastery was one of the most important buddhist centers of faith in mongolia. a man in the mid 19 thirties, mongolia, communist government turned against. but as m monks were condemned as anti stalinist elements, thousands were imprisoned or killed, and monasteries were destroyed. o dot on them. what's in the law? the 1st arrests and executions of buddhists took place on september. the 20th 1937 cut out that future generations must learn about it if it you thought would be though that is why on this day we call on the whole world to prevent such evil deeds from happening again. to hint affected, no person should be excluded. persecuted or murdered because of his or her beliefs or opinions. i've learned again when he says, we are gathered here today so that these atrocities will never be repeated. good. i

come. what did people know? the meeting has become part of mongolia, intangible, cultural heritage and buddhists. rommel over the world celebrate the resurrection of the monastery and they have faith in the boundless expanses of the gobi desert. oh, come our monastery symbolizes a commitment to freedom and independence for all mongolians. the hope is that its story can teach future generations to look ahead with hope, self confidence and self determination. ah, ma'am, the lin, either the 2 of them, my whole life's journey is dedicated to a happy and bright future. the youth did it, the little house modem, so might rain of life is traveling towards optimism for every one. everywhere

our journey through mongolia is drawing to a close. there's much more that could be told boss as an old mongolian proverb. nose scene once is better than heard a 1000 times. aah! farming and canyon without harmful chemical pesticides is not feasible. new you can produce enough of a to be able to with an acidic farming end up raising become really while the politicians are still debating. the 1st farmers are very successful with degree

week and now i noticed that you all were doing that. that is no town full to how a cost with 30 minutes on d. w. o. the landscape, a reflection of a turbulent history. the cities, the mosaic of different people and languages. v ron's mountains reveal unparalleled beauty. ah, a special look at a special country. he loan from above starts december 27th on d, w with

ah, this is the dublin news life from berlin. germany reports its 1st army cron related death for conscious disease control. agency says this was one of 3000 confirmed cases. often invariant announcement comes as the united kingdom record, another record number of daily corona, vines.