a reflection of a turbulent history. the cities, the mosaic of different people and languages. iran's mountains reveal unparalleled beauty. that is well yeah, the scenery is magnificent, but people warm in our position is exceptionally ah, a special look at a special country. iran from above. starts december 27th on d, w. well, i on this show we often meet people with brilliant ideas about how to protect the environment. but nature has its own forms of climate protection. for example,

sale actually captures huge amounts of upon your site and with not welcome to a new episode of if africa. i am sandra to nobody reporting from compiler. here in uganda and brittany from lagos, i have chris loans, and i'm happy to join my colleague sandra as your host for the next half hour. these topics are we to you how to women in south africa, not protecting endangered bras. lance are more and more tiny forester springing up in germany than how delicious, making fishing more sustainable. or recent studies show that maze, collard greens and tomatoes from kenya are often grown using highly hospitals, pesticides that poses a big risk to humans, animals,

and the environment. food and environmental and yields in kenya have been calling for government ban on the pesticides. the drop legislation is still under consideration by their efforts ob, already bone fruit elsewhere prompting some produces unfit laza industry to help or rethink and come up with more sustainable alternatives. ah, the produce has to be harvested quickly. customers in europe won't green groceries in winter to weather bees, chillies, herbs of fruit, most of what is going on. he miller farm here in nairobi, is destined for export. for a long time, why cleave or cooling? operated a conventional farm using chemical pesticides. he's making fundamental changes bit by bit and converted into organic methods. we will discover debris. we cannot run

on it or not you. or we're doing that. that is no time for him to our customers. so that to a we get trying to get into organic farming. so he already started with the some field crops out to the fam. we want to see our fight. they're going to take that bet. sofa we doing railroad, the war to react to the from his greatest concern is seen harvest destroyed by france, disease or parasites. so he's drawing on the expertise of robin seen ron yen g, whose firm rule organics develops organic fertilizers and pesticides. the men are currently trying out to paradox, intended to combat pests that infest mays. so identify um has embraced organic products like this top down and stop delisa 40 of the lasers, not even a pe said butter. it has ability to suffolk, it's best to death. like you can see i'm holding some ma miss here,

which was infested by the fall. i'm off on that. we have just done an experimental them have they decently. and that's without the use of any chemicals. one solution for tackling for amy warm is made off. rabbit urine crop oil concentrates and co cannot extract. once the ingredient some mixed, the solution is ready for application. growing demand has led to an increase in the amount of organic farming land in kenya. according to the canyon organic agriculture network, 173000 hexes of land, i've already been certified as meeting organic standards. kenya's parliament has been discussed in the ban on hazardous pesticides for some time. many of the pesticides still used in kenya, the prohibited and farms in europe. he is a go at the same time. the e u is continuing to tighten up the upper limits of chemical residues permitted in foods. making conventionally grown vegetables harder to sail there. yet the

government is skeptical whether organic farming is possible in kenya, on a large scale part of the yielded up. it requires a good army practice, of course that improve so in health, but also protects human health. and so we have to write and to, to find that i balance and sometimes things lake erie organic man before the lasers are getting for the laser may be good for us. more brought on erica to erica. it's probably beyond that. you can't talk about getting for the laser is not feasible you, you can produce enough of it to be able to, i know a city of farming and of raising the country. i've never seen it being done anywhere, but this fights all the challenge is agricultural practices and kenya are already being transformed more and more farms, especially smaller ones that go in organic, helps with training from experienced experts that was trained by organic farmers

than 3 months. and i, i am finding that business not to be very bad because i can produce from my home. i live in for a market like this one where yes, study. keep cool you organic farmers market in nairobi may still be small and it only takes place once a week, but word is already getting around about is chemical free vegetables, that seller for more and more customers. they grew up quite a lot of sofya. and they're doing very well. i usually even refer someone my forensic, i mean i've introduced some of my friends to be coming here every sunday and they do come, he, me little farm is watch into development with great interest. this good mean a new source of income, very close to home, through and prevent really good to fully into organic farming. because what you have also discovered is that a huge market for the organic product. if kenya goes ahead and outlaws many

hazardous pesticides, this could boost the growth of the organic farming sector nationwide. it's great that farmers and kenya are changing their approach. a grown brittany initiative is underway, gemini, to space is of precious commodity in these densely populated country. this week's doing your bit segment shows it's crucial to make to most of what you've got. ha. nothing but concrete. where ever you look it's a sad reality in many cities. but it is possible to create micro forests in irvin settings. this day care center on the outskirts of berlin is doing just bass. the saw was 1st analyzed in a lab to see which areas would need enriching with humorous and activated charcoal

that helps the trees thrive unless space. here 3 saplings are planted on one square meter, much closer than usual. lucas bearing a once to see a lot of tony forrest's planted in germany. we hung about sponsored for shooting the ball. we selected 20 types of trees and shrubs based on a vegetation analysis under them, is that they're all native species on, but we want to try and recreate what happens naturally in a mixed forest up through in his gearbox limits so that we also get different levels of vegetation office in the car must lay on a more of a shrug layer on 2 main layers of trees on it. and that's why i help bomb shift. he set up the meal organization to develop these tiny forests. it's named for the japanese man who came up with this method. akita me a wacky, funded by donations $600.00 saplings worth a total of $15000.00 heroes will be planted here at the daycare. the organization

created its 1st micro forest, 100 kilometers north of berlin. after just one year, the bushes are bearing fruit. there are more insects to without of these young forest as it's hoped, a new many forest will soon flourish here too. ah, and how about you? if you are also doing your bid, tell us about it, visit our website, or send us a tweet. hash tag doing your bit. we share your stories. those ecosystems can absorb and to store huge amounts of couple into your site. well, not your cobblins. a key in the fight to cobb global warming. santas said mister, can't do this massive job on its own. so, improving agricultural practices could be

a big help. we need to remove billions of tons of c o 2 from the atmosphere fast. the technology to extract carbon dioxide from the atmosphere at the source of its production. so it can be reused or stored already exists but it's not that simple. the potentials often don't play out as big as the dissipated. so there's still a lot of research needed. also, we don't know em how well we can really skate it up while still being cheap enough that it's worse and it these 800 cheap on the other hand, do a good job without even trying simply grazing. they help promote soil carbon storage without expensive technology. thanks to their work. humorous forms in the soil and humans consists of 60 percent carbon. the sheep are one element in farmer

tino lose overall concept. while most farmers leave their fields follow after the harvest, he's shown several catch crops. one year was as they grow, they bind further c o 2 in the soil than its wasn't fulton, when the integral starts to fly, all the power goes into the flour. as it were neutral and pulls out the nutrients that it previously stored in the soil, thus would have been to prevent this. the sheet now come into play. it was manipulate, a grays in this area, and their urine and excrement fertilizes the field for us in equality to that sequence. in dugger. 8 years ago the farmer switched to regenerative agriculture, mainly because of climate change. longer droughts alternating with short, heavy rains, made it impossible for him to continue conventional farming. to day he mainly use his natural fertilizers and does without his plow. because plowing destroys the human layer and let's the seo to escape again. there are still very few farmers in

germany work this way. yet in arabic, farming, small changes have a big effect. you could increase the soil carbon by leaving a more assiduous on the fears, but also by a no or low tillage, which would lead to less disturbance in the size. and therefore, unless of a decomposition by the microbes of the plant material that is left on side trees are the best known carbon reservoirs, but worldwide forest, just under threat so often illegally cleared or destroyed by pests and fires over the past 30 years. more than 4 percent of the world's forests have been lost that way and more still being destroyed than re forested from all the nitrous oxide, natural solutions forests are the ones that are probably have the largest potentia . this is simply because it's large areas that potentially could be as far as that

. and forests have a rather high carbon density, so not of carbon per square meter. peak lands also bind c o 2, up to 44 percent of the carbon sequestered in soil world wide is stored there. but in germany alone, more than 90 percent of the country's p lands have been drained for agriculture. but if moisture is removed from a bog, the peat bog dries out and carbon dioxide escapes into the environment. in the long term experts of considering re wedding, germany's pete lands su to accumulation and p glance is something that occurs at the time scale of centuries. which is obviously not quick enough for the solutions we need here. tina rills, regenerative agriculture with his sheep and catch crops, works faster. good soil smells a little like carrots,

he says proudly. the growing humorous layer ensures a loose soil so rainwater can penetrate and is stored by the roots. he got from water in my toll was said that roots form soil and soil forms plants. that's the way it is here. if you reach in, it has a crumbly structure. humanist look to hear. you see a flag of the root of the flax and the whole rude network will to give later on than roots act on the ground, like the steel reinforcement in concrete, which strengthens a structure that mm hm. and it's the same with the soil. woocommerce, the fortunate isn't born of la. about half of the human slayer worldwide has been destroyed in recent decades due to intensive farming. tina ruth wants to get more farmers interested in his approach and promote it on his instagram channel. i. in the southern hemisphere mangrove far so, particularly effective in store in carbon experts estimate the benefit at more than

$65000000000.00 per year, primarily as coastal protection against erosion. and as a nursery for fish, they have a very high carbon density. so a lot of carbon per square meter of mangrove forest. a lot of that is in the said immense, not just in the biomass, which makes sense looking at mangrove forest. it's not, i'm all that big compared to a tropical rainforest, for example. but in the sediments in the soil that they keep their, with their roots, that can be a lot of carbon start. there is no one natural carbon st, extracting carbon dioxide, out of the atmosphere. but nature provides us with a number of options. and 1st and foremost, we need to reduce our c, o, 2 emissions. well, for us all important come on seats up to 40 percent of the odd salons is covered with grass land. these under appreciated,

bio is an important source of protein and stores come on as well. unfortunately, some of the expansive grasslands in south africa's eastern cape are threatened by mining erosion and oval gracie. i would like for you know what other people need the laker model, bella? is happy, she just sold 3 of her cows, will be equivalent of over 1000 euros. she's a single mother, and the mobile cattle auctions, organized by environmental and rural solutions, are a godsend. this auctions identical but as, as yet right us, what us? because we don't have transport to take our doctor the slight fulfilling they come to us. and some, sometimes we do negotiated the price if we're not satisfied. in the past, small houses in south africa, grasslands could only buy from on sale to their neighbors. the big capital auctions were held much too far away. the environmental and rural solutions or ers

organization launched the auctions in 2014. since then, $3800.00 capital have gone under the hammer for a total of $1700000.00 euros. that benefited more than $500.00 families. a cattle bred here on the grasslands are renowned for their excellent quality, an environmental scientist, nicky mccloud and soil scientists. li pallet's assisi montela founded ers 20 years ago. oh, and how often do you think the cattle auctions are just one part of a wider scheme to promote sustainable practices in rural areas? where are much of the grasslands has been badly degraded to fragile ecosystem has been jeopardized by over grazing and mismanagement. the grasslands covered 10 percent of south africa, but supplied 60 percent of the drought stricken countries. water needs

against a backdrop of global warming and climate change. problems such as over grazing, soil, erosion and water security have become more urgent than ever keeping this beautiful grass lead intact as a water absorb. that's basically the skin on the ground, the skin on the earth, giving as gross any tech to so important for replenishing our water source area. but tackling the issue of over grazing and a region that depends on livestock farming is a challenge. all. one solution involves reviving an age old herding tradition, my boy ella, in dog with doll folks who saw call after i started a long time ago with our forefathers guiding. ready him follow montela the way they used to do it was to pile up some stones and paint them all day long, so their po number will notify you. that way the community knew which side was follow and which side was for grazing. got there were get bigger mccourt, old ra,

now market. this traditional system of land rotation had been used for a very long time. but as more and more people left the area to find work in the cities, the practice died out. a lot of fad, the young people didn't and best ended bads. if they talked to, they add us up the community, then it was easier to have this system more accepted. that the challenge that we have that is major around here is the livestock theft here and the grasslands. 47 percent of young people are unemployed, and crime rates are soaring. but ers has found a solution to that problem as well. in the village of parent of sheep a, b into tud, so it's clear who they belong to. good. that makes stealing them pointless. oh, the branding is done by eco champs young people trained by the ers team as

a veteran, re paramedics what by themselves? distributing medicine and vaccinating livestock on remote farms. really, when i learned it's a very successful project is available. i used to have a 12 carol, 5 sheep, but now due to this association, helping us with the day vaccination and other made is, is why i'm heaven now. deity. eh, la, la la la sheep, i am having duane digital jew to this lip. acela's cc montela and nicky mccloud have convinced many people here in eastern cape province, but living in harmony with nature, benefits them to help secure their livelihoods. now that's how it is done. an initiative is successful when nature can be protected and

people can still make ends meet the creators of the project in our next report. also embraced that concept. thus right, sandra: next we go to to nisha with fishes ah, in proper waters, according to on e study, demeter in his c as been fish stokes dropped by ah thought over the last 50 years. the vast majority of native species and are threatened by over fission visitors entering the town of ours. these will notice a work of art that looks more like wishful thinking than the reality on the ground . precious you fishers and tunisia bring in a decent catch these days. many simply abandoned their boats and young people are leaving when this will and was looking at the current situation, i have to say that there was no future in fishing. i can only tell young people to

consider a different line of work. biologists from the national institute of marine sciences and technology in fox are looking for reasons behind the dwindling fish docs. the prime suspect toxic algae, which repeatedly turned the see water read. climate change high water temperatures and rising phosphorus and nitrogen levels provide a perfect environment for the algae to flourish. nater, species such a c, brain suffocate and are dying off in huge numbers. on her, i will not take her said his best. we discovered that a toxic species of algae is responsible for this phenomenon of the indies enough. in 2019, there was a very high concentration of the algae species called korea bravest full. on the need of all astir, 6 consumption su in 2020. it stocks the slightly lower. good that they haven't yet, or i need to new blood enough, if or so, but this year they have increased again in eva, eva if, what does it give us your,

the luck, especially in the area around the port of galvez when you rule or the father the, this one to make ends meet with fishers, frequently resort to illegal methods, such as catching fish that are actually too young and small to sell like this swordfish at the fish market in fox. you also find cartilage in his fish like raise and sharks, which are in fact endangered and protected species. bashir saw edi a needle rebels the are trying to reverse the trend. they want fishers to stop catching sharks and other endangered species. there part of the project med bycatch, which was launched 2 years ago and began with extensive data collection. oh, now don't good. we've collected a lot of data key which will use to make proposals on how to reduce unwanted by

catch of endangered species. and we're luck up for all of tenicia in the upper lower all due to the law. thin, easy need us rebel, see, has developed a good relationship with the fishing community and the port as are these. he tells them about the research results and provides insights into the concept of close season. this is when the different species lay their eggs and can't be fished. the evaluation of the samples makes it clear that fishing in the mediterranean must become more sustainable. one solution would be using different fishing methods. trawling can be replaced by long lining, which involves long plastic lines with sardine bated hooks attached at around 6 meter intervals. met by catch plans to recommend this type of fishing line fed up with the long line in in and hook line fishing. laura the fish i have the choice

for larry barella and then the fish that go for the bait wouldn't get caught. and if they can in the others don't, it's completely different to trawling in am, which basically catches everything in the sea and a woozy cooper said deborah, mcgrew last at ben shoemaker is an advocate of the long line method. but to day he can't go fishing. the wind is too strong and the waves too big conditions are simply too dangerous. so he heads back to the harbor. preserving the ecosystem in the mediterranean will also require more fishermen like las had been shoemaker, to switch to alternative methods. and not only ins are these, but across tunisia and along the coasts of other countries bordering the mediterranean sea. we've got to interact with our planet in a more sustainable way. nature has an incredible ability to regenerate, but we can't leave it up to nature alone. that's all from echo africa today. i am

chris the lamps signing of from league. i think it grief i will say good bye to buck i hope of yours. do stay in touch with us on all our social media platforms all the best until next week. and deuced it says, i am sandra to not be a good buy from compiler. here in uganda. ah, ah, ah ah, ah, ah ah, ah, with

ah, with you know to nuclear power. that's what the broth doth protest is about. one last time, after 35 years of struggle, by the end of 2022, germany, we'll talk using nuclear power. other countries, meanwhile,

are stepping up production. why is that global 3000 in 30 minutes on a w ah, the countries vast distances move the views from the windows, hinted them and move to the passengers. expect when they disembark, riding the rails across mongolia. an extraordinary experience in 75 minutes on d. w. o, o many pushes out in the world right now. climate change,

the very hot story. this is much less the way from just one week. how much work and really get we still have time to go. i'm going all with his subscriber for morning use, like, 2 people in trucks injured one trying to flee the city center. more and more refugees are being turned away at the border. families plain bomb attacks in syria . for these critical illness with people sleep, extreme ross getting 200 people from the agency around the world. more than 300000000 people are seeking refuge.

yes. why? because no one should have to flee. make up your own mind. d. w. made for mines. ah, ah ah, this is day w. news live from berlin. the pandemic overshadows another holiday season. as christmas begins for many people, they are faced with the top choice of taking the.