[000:00:00;00] ah ah the site against the corona virus pandemic. how has the rate of infection been developing? what does the latest research say? information and context?

the corona virus updates because 19 special next on d. w. sometimes a seed is all you need to allow big ideas to grow. we're bringing an environmental conservation to life with learning packs like global ideas. we will show you how climate change ended or mental conservation is taking shape around the world and how we can all make a difference. knowledge grows through sharing. download it now, feel free. ah, ah, the fires burn day and night. these opening ceremonies have become a symbol of the coven. 19 catastrophe. ah! at no, just in india,

crematory around the world. have cassandra records surgeon cova debts? ah! over 5000000 people have officially fallen victim to the virus. but the news magazine, the economist estimates that the pandemic true death toll is 4 times higher. ah, many people who die while infected a never tested to they don't enter the official tally. the patients have died of preventable causes, because overstretched. hospitals could not treat them, and many countries struggle to count deaths under normal circumstances, let alone a pandemic. the official covert toll could just be the tip of the iceberg. welcome on ben puzzle. and can we put our trust in numbers or the institutions that provide the statistics? in many respects, this pandemic has become

a crisis of trust. just how dangerous or deadly is coven 19? well, williamson's can tell us about the situation on the ground. he's a chief physician at the center toys hospital in ash finer. he's also on the board of the german interdisciplinary association for intensive care and emergency medicine, and is in berlin today for us. the mitre kobuck is a data scientist from tubing and university and joins us from tubing and to crunch the numbers. the me to let start with you, what's the likelihood of the global death toll being 4 times higher than the official rate? the somebody's very approximate, the official call italy at the moment is i think around 5000000, i think based on the data we can do, reading them to show that it's more than twice that much. so it's about 10000000 and i would say it's probably below 20. and it caused that the moment to, to know more exactly because unfortunately for many, many countries, we don't have any reliable data whatsoever. so this estimate of the economist is an

extrapolation for the data. we have 2 large parts of the world where we don't have any data. although would you say that lines up with what you're seeing and hearing about in intensive care units? yes, that's exactly the thing we saw last year. we learned a lot about the delay in treatment. for instance, in cardiovascular disease like acute my colleagues, fortune or all of possibly cardiac arrest. and in some regions, for instance, in italy or in paris, me all the death toll triples in comparison to, to 2019. so it's some things we now learn and we don't know what will be the effect in the next few years, because the people don't go to doctors. they don't go to doctors when they have symptoms and so on. so we must get the data. but at the moment,

the figures are quite unsure what about assess mortality in the over eighty's or in kids. dmitri, that's hard to detect because the, the numbers whole small we, and for many countries, the one important thing in there for many countries. we don't have this information countries many countries, we ease numbers of the overall death, but we don't have yet to possibly we'll get that later. detailed age breakdowns. another question for you, i guess some people may think it's quite simple, but i guess it could be complicated. how. how do you distinguish between cobit and non covered deaths? yes, it was difficult. some people think about it and they said did this, that person died from co, with 910 on the id with the code 9, and was code 910 the exact cause for the death or is it just the we

measured the soft call to virus and the person died from acute my coding fire can, but we also know that many of the diseases, for instance, cardiovascular diseases, may, may be aggravated by the soft cost to virus. so it's a streaming, difficult to differentiate exactly at the time of that when we and the intensive care unit, and we have a co 19 patient. he dies from monte organ failure. this is, he died from the organ figure when the patient got some tooth micro infection in combination with off of 2 and he dies from mike holding punch. and maybe that soft cough to add it to it. and that this was to call up there. so it's quite difficult and not all people are brought in germany to autopsy. so we don't know the exact figures, and it's in the end the, the, the, the, the doctors who told this was, do all died with when it comes to the fake is dimitri. what does the world

mortality data set show when it comes to other diseases? we see in multiple countries that the exceptional talent, which is what the matter is about mortality data set, just tracks the call the deaths, especially during the call with outbreaks. the entire excess mortality is explained by call and other contributions are very small in comparison. so we don't, we don't think that with, with i don't think that with all a dataset, we can say anything about it about how to use it. but i think that the contributions of all the diseases to the assessment challenges are very small. when we talking about accept my challenge, we primarily talking about cause it influenced deaths. dmitri, will we ever know the true number of deaths from coven? i don't think so. not very precisely. there are unfortunately large areas in the world where without reliable reporting of the private cases or the death,

or also all cause mortality and particular i'm talking about developing countries. but i do think that we will know the number more precisely than know the day to come in and many countries will in the data later. there are ways to monitor mortality by, for example, monitoring cemeteries and don't rely on official data at all. and these estimates were going to be coming in the coming years, and the number the, the, the total estimates will get more precise got assigned to me to callback, and she physician, we answer is great too heavy both here. thank you. thank you. let's take a look now though, at how the coven, 1900 pandemic, is hurting the fight against other diseases. in particular, patients who are chronically ill at the marine house clinic in mines, germany, one sarcastic surgeon has lost faith in his job and the world he cellphones, it's definitely very painful for us when was sat in the tumor conference and realized that our skills can't help any of our patients anymore,

because as soon as too far advanced, it really hurt some hot peter hollows, hence the marine house clinics, the rustic surgical ward, he seeing more and more patience with tumors that have grown to the stage where they're no longer operable. they all follow the same pattern. fearful of contracting the corona virus. patience, lead routine checkup slide all the while they're tumors growing unseen. by the time they get to the clinic, it's almost too late. somebody to take from elite martin and the snow question about it is it drives you crazy was mondays because you know that a couple of months earlier than you'd have had a realistic chance of effecting a cure in the home cubits of him. so that means our therapies can now by a patient some time given them, but we can no longer offer them the prospect of a full recovery this whole coast close in our system. the marine house clinic isn't

the only hospital experiencing this sad trend of 1st german t v station a r d documentary survey, the 20 clinics with the highest number of lung cancer patients. 71 percent of those responded said they were recording an increase in severe cases. hospital safety officer and patient activist would hecker sees political failures south going north to management and it would have been better and highly commendable if the federal health minister had used his social media campaigns consistently raise awareness of this matter as well. that i said to go visit the hospitals again, go to your g p. 's. if he'd been radiating confidence, that would have been communicated to the population at large level at the, for the cold. germany's health ministry told the a r d journalist. it has addressed the situation many times that the minister himself spoke about it in may 20, 20, and february of this year. as did the federal center for health education. but that

treatment and therapies are up to doctors to decide they for their part, expect to see an increasing number of severe cases emerging among people whose lung cancer hasn't yet been recognized. time for derek williams and of your question, which won't be all that easy to answer but it's something i want to know if i lost my sense of smell or taste. oh my daughter had go that 19 months ago and still hasn't regained her sense of smell or taste. will they come back? the sense of smell in the sense of taste are closely intertwined, and losing them is a very common symptom of covered 19. several studies have shown that the loss of smell, or changes to the sense of smell in particular, are an issue for at least half the people who get the disease, probably more. sometimes it's the only symptom that develops in a patient who's otherwise asymptomatic. although there's still

a lot that we don't know about what causes the loss of taste. there is evidence indicating that the loss of smell is likely linked not to the virus infecting the all factory neurons that carry signals from the nose in the direction of the brain, but instead to its infecting cells called suss 10 tackler cells which play a supporting role in the lining of the nasal cavity, according to an overview of studies that i read, the loss of taste and the loss of smell, usually occurs very suddenly, at the onset of kogan 19, and often begins to slowly return. after around 3 to 5 days, many patients had pretty much regained the senses completely within a few weeks, but a significant percentage,

maybe as many as one and 20 people. they continue to have major deficits and even many months later. so your daughter's condition is not all that rare inez. um, if the century loss is persistent, a lot of experts including ones that we've had here on the coven, 19 special. they recommend what's called all factory training. it involves repeated targeted exposure to specific sans on a daily basis and that's helped a lot of patients recover at least some sensory perception. mm hm. nice to have you a long stay safe and see you again say ah, small acts can inspire big changes, meet the people making it go africa joined them

as they set out to save the environment. learn from one another and work together for a better future. many thought do you all for choosing it. he could look for go next on d, w. oh india an unequal gain. women and climate change with lower income, you are the changes unless record he said they are the west effect to fight impact . but women and not just going to stand there and watch, they have tangible ideas against the consequences of global warming. eco, india is 60 minute d, w. well,

the landscape, a reflection of a turbulent history. the cities, the mosaic of different people and languages. iran, se mountains reveal unparalleled beauty. that is, well, yeah, the scenery is magnificent, but people warm in are pacino's exceptionally ah, a special look at a special country. iran from above. starts december 27th on d. w. a . what the forest logon in congo have to do with the grow in camera population, a mortgage issue,

and shrinking see gross me dues in portugal, all region. the answer to that question at others is coming up in the next 30 minutes. welcome to echo africa. i'm chris, the lamps, report in from lagos, nigeria, and sandra to interview hello from compiler. here in uganda. hi there creek. i can name at least one thing, the police, both issues together. they all are related to dramatic ways. our environment is changing. also only show this week, i want the democratic republic upon the doing to them we have a position and how the countries environment minister strength to protect the country. for it. once symptom of climate change is that droughts are becoming longer and more frequent. according to the word metro, logical organisation drought has claimed over 650000 lives worldwide in the last 50

years. life store keepers, i especially frightened by droughts, goats cows, and commonwealth can survive without water in somalia. some common heard us have found success by book in tradition. the it is breakfast time it the bid are coming from on the outskirts of the somali capital mortgage issue. one or 2 animals have found something to chew on, but they are all pretty hungry. all eyes are all the activity at the edge of the enclosure. in the heaps of freshly cut grass leaves and tweet tis to morsels for the english, but also vital to their health. these nothing to graze on the cindy ground. i son of did our man so via is the fund manager. a head, his size typically is more room to room,

but space here is limited. there are a lot of the work, i'll your and i'll cover. you face so many challenges when you bring candles to the city general not. and also has the animals need to be trained to leave on the small area yet. so that requires a lot of patience and experience. the all. the other challenges are finding enough food for the camels in the city and ensuring we are provided the things the old get from the does it see the nerve who we are all all high finally, the gate is opened year in the enclosure. the is more than enough for every one that wasn't always the case when they had had to scrounge for food out on the open plains, just as camels here have done for centuries. where one king good already. medea, when the draught struck the countryside, where camels traditionally leave, there was nothing to graze on and

a short fall offering. it forced us to move our animals here to the city. all so largely had no actually. so malia is one of the country's heat, particularly hard by climate change. persistent drought is slowly destroying the traditional grazing length. the vegetation is dying bag and water holes or drying out even camels, which can survive long stretches on very little a dying from thirst or hunger. the despair felder who st ibrahim was seen in other hid does, is going by the day their flocks are shrinking, become old, simply cannot find enough to eat in the bushland of the lord of billy ridge in eastern somalia. and only february, we had us talk a lot about how to get our candles away from here and find new grazing areas because it hasn't rained in so long. drought is everywhere. if it gets worse and we can't feed our camels, we'll have to abandon them. and go to the city to civil children and ourselves, khalilah milan. many somalis are moving to the capital to escape the effects of

climate change. mogadishu population has doubled, 2400000 people over the last 20 years. it was in that growing market that her son abdulla months, abriya recognized in opportunity soft alcala, in turn called naca. another reason we brought us camels to the c, t is to provide fresh milk to the people who live in mogadishu and its surrounding areas. in the past, people have to go to law areas to get it. hold on. now we can deliver it freshly, milt right here in the knee board annual about his own obama. helen, on his looking is done every day in the bed, a camel from much to the displeasure of the young calls. but business takes precedence was i arreola slowly holligan alamo dollar. we sell one liter of all come milk for $2.00 in cost. so how do a lot my head also i,

we normally produce 901000 liters of come know, milk every day of school, the 9 on plane on by the lawyer. hey alicia norma, if demand is high, we increase all new production to meet the needs of our customers and clean unmet are commonly said of all the order. the fresh milk, if immediately loaded up and taken to the city, restaurants in hotels are important. customers come o milk is very nutritious impact would be to means making popular not just in somalia with business who me the better candle thumb can afford to buy concentrate feeds for the animals. it's an important way of making up for drought related food shortages. being the camels to the city his tend out to be a good move, but not everyone can afford to do the same. so instead, was st. ibrahim or sing plans to move on with his camels in the hope of finding

enough food in water elsewhere. i what is a precious resource? it's essential for survival. so why do a wish so much of it? now think about the mighty congo river in the democratic republic of the congo. it's one of the words, deepest rivers. millions of people depend on it for their livelihoods, but it's been polluted at an alarming rate due to poor waste disposal. as we'll see in the capital, kinshasa more rubbish than water. that's the state of almost all of the cone goes tributaries in kinshasa. and every they, the mountains of waste continue to grow because almost every one disposes of their rubbish. along the small rivers and drainage canals that criss cross the city. organic waste and plastic bottle suffocate life in and around the water and clog the waterways. cause in severe flood,

enjoying the rain in season. it's the situation that horrifies elaine, said bella, after learning about the damage caused by plastic waste in his meteorological science course, he founded an environmental and g o. 2 plus a teacher. so on are but with the, the rivers in kinshasa, i polluted with run off from industries, plastic ways to ship plastic. we plan to clean up the rivers by collecting plastics which are then turned into our object. i intend to start a business that will help to protect the rivers. so me, i business. what would the g liver and he's using a lot of imagination to do it. elaine sir, baylor knows his initiative, can't solve his shots, his overwhelming waste problem. but he sees the decorative optics made from the plastic waste as

a step towards raising awareness of environmental probably decades of conflicts a rapidly growing population. and the lack of investment of all contributed to the city's failure to develop a function in water and sanitation system. voice 15000000 inhabitants in 2019, the government launched the kin better projects aimed at making kinshasa cleaner and greener on the last saturday of every month. can shots as citizens are encouraged to clean up their neighborhoods, $300.00 trucks and deployed the collect garbage and transport it to landfills on the outskirts of the city where it's burned. still, the project only scratches the surface. according to official figures,

the city produces 7000 tons of plastic waste every day. but environmental activists like a lame cibola, r undeterred by the task ahead of them, even if it has to be removed one sac at a time. all next report also comes from the democratic republic of the congo, which is home to the 2nd largest room forest in the world after the brazilian amazin last tropical forest covers about 60 percent of the r c. for now, what is white grease? it is a disappearing, fust, over 15000000 hits is have been cleared in the last 20 years, partly due to the douglas license agreement. but these forrest runway will couple things. one who again, not only for the year a see bond with a global climate, equal africa spoke to the countries environment minister to find out what is being done to talk with this problem and others

think a poor let me double cartoon here in the democratic republic of congo, the best way to protect forests would be to provide more people access to electricity and not just private household soccer. new communities on the whole need alternatives to burning wood for energy going broke. and that would include was mall and midsize businesses. now with the yeah, they're pretty been why a man could pretty juniper parley was will, did. i'm like home simply go back to the village where i was born and tell folks they stopped chopping down trees. it stopped burning. woods judged, they must be given an alternative that, that you're given. we're waiting on funding to implement the change that will allow us to develop land for large scale, productive agriculture. he knows

a lot at the moment. just 14 percent of the congolese population have electricity lately. it was that we can increase that to 70 percent 3 solar power generated by the sun that shines above us. marie, but also from bio mass and wind power is energy acted and i think going to be all that should go a long way towards protecting the forest or pictures of his or my life. what a all of our preferred chris you're. i left 43 live your know, landmark. we here in the d, r z. sacrifice ourselves if and refrain from exploiting our oil reserves for the good of the environment you and what, what do we get in return? because if we choose to protect the environment, that's not only good for the d r c. it's good for the whole world. since forests store c o 2 emissions and help preserve biodiversity. who yeah, even if someone makes us an offer, we can weigh up our options. if the deals right, we can say okay, oils stay in the ground, we don't need to exploit to you. we have other funds, other means of survival,

mathee or profit, but without an alternative, we can't afford to pretend we don't know it's there. i'm gonna walk you through the law on c ascii leverage. we must quite simply act in good conscience nor that. what we know there is the problem with pollution and we know that for us is can absorb those carbon emissions up. will you say that's reason enough to preserve and protect them? his invasive would garcia the global north, the well, the industrialized countries, the g 20 as well as the newly rich possessor, 80 percent of the world's g d. p i assume is, are couple of they have the means to do something with what is on him. why, yeah, it requires a willingness to comprehend, to realize that if we don't take care of our forest, the spirit or the industrialization in the world will lead us in no way that something's on because of temperatures rise by 3 full 5 degrees celsius. will all cease to exist?

existence is not in this rather than in portugal. all. gov region researchers. i'm 1st to get in house see gross my those can be protected and a benefit that could have in terms of reducing the fact of climate change. oh, conservationists sea grass. meadows are heroes of the ecosystem. home to many different species. they grow in shallow coastal waters and harbor. huge benefits for life under water and on land. that's why team of scientists is studying the matters of portugal, southern algarve coast to day. the team is preparing to dive down to the sea grass beds of 30

a formosa lagoon to collect sediment samples in a time of climate crisis. carmen santos research is more crucial than ever for months to come, she and her team will be coming back to the lagoon. each trip usually spends several days. the field work includes mapping the approximately 10 percent of wetland that's covered by c cross, which is one of the lagoons most valuable assets. they are very efficient carville scenes, which means that they can sequester and the store a huge amount of carbons in their biomass. and in the say, the one behind where they roll. and this is very important because when sequestering their seal to and the carbone that is store in their sediment, they are helping us to mitigate that climate change. ready scientists estimate that

coastal ecosystems like c grocery store 3 times more c o 2 than forests at no cost in. ready charlotte santos. and the team from y'all golf, sent off marine sciences. want to find out exactly how much of those blue carbon is stored? india formosa. they've taken about 80 sediment samples over the past 3 years. they slice up the samples and then analyze them. by burning them, the scientists can calculate the amount of carbon they store the team. hope that their research will convince policymakers at c. g ross's meet more protection because of the potential to absorb you to their insides could also help on the local level in coastal development planning. and on the global stage, the findings could aid efforts to reach climate neutrality goals. see grass meadows

world wide on the threat from the incessant traffic of boats and damage caused by angus in europe. the scene said, since it sixty's we have lost one 3rd of the secret males that we have. one of the major threats to see grasses is dead, the amount of 4 of bolt that we have because go it 1st the it travel very fast with just create said bic waves, that hits the markings of channels and day. it roads there because color there while the sadie meant what they saw march under secrets are growing water pollution also threatens see growth species around the globe. stricter legislation has served to improve water quality. andrea formosa, which in turn, has helped to see grass bates to recover. and that's benefited one of the lagoons,

most iconic inhabitants the see horse. their numbers have dropped by more than 90 percent and recent years, primarily due to illegal fishing and the destruction of their habitats. protective zones and artificial structures like these has been set up to help see horses need something to cling on to george panama is the driving force behind the c horse project. he's studying the relationship between the animals and see grass as well. those areas are highly productive in terms of food and as a, as an ad without an, even if the sources don't use it directly to lose it or indirectly as it produce the food that later on. they will feel on the small tramp, the small a. if he puts in all of the food that is also provided by the ponds at the

research station where george palmer works, it's feeding time for the see horses that the team breed here. palmer has been studying them since 2007. some of them will be released into the waters of re a formosa. it's a start o fully. it won't be a futile measure to support what's left of the current population more valuable than carbon santos and her teen planted secrets in the summer. now that trying to track it down to see if the plans survived, though cameras can capture them, divers can spot them with a naked eyes. you a vase, go in there and it's great to see that the it works. so we'll see how that happens in the winter,

and hopefully if it goes well and we can see plaza growing and his breathing across the globe, conservationists are focusing on replanting. c crosses, like here near the spanish island of ma, georgia. it's tedious work. the young plans are sensitive and the growth is slow. but recent studies point to a reversal of the decline of secrecy and europe assigned that protection and restoration efforts can make a difference. according to a recent study by the aid organization, unit one wife, more than 1400000000 people live in areas with the high water insecurity. among them are 450000000 children. that is one reason why an initiative here in the vendor is making photos available in schools and that will private how forth to

bring water closer. this is the nike valley refugee settlement in western uganda, 130000 people live here. 6 years ago dina been to fled the democratic republic of congo after rebels killed her husband. in ocoee valley. the lake is the source of water also for drinking for livestock as well. but the water is full of germs. every year, 20000 children under the age of 5 die in uganda of dire real disease. one major reason is that they have no choice but to drink dirty water. heat kills germs. so dean and i been to boils the water, she fetches from the lake. she has 5 children when i pick up the boiler, drinking water using charcoal, and if we don't have it, we'll use firewood. otherwise we will be drinking very dirty water. that comes at a cost to the environment to make charcoal trees are cut down. forest also had to

be clear to make space for the settlement, but there is another way to provide safe, clean drinking water. south be room g and henry athena run to sufficient a social enterprise that makes automated low cost filters. this set up cost $1200.00. the money was donated by somebody in the united states. it supplies enough water for about 900 people out of 830000 in the settlement. but it's still a start. there was a that was, is through our field that is the water from the lake. you can see this is the, the original order from the lake. and then outright presses through the filter. this is that is out that we get out of the wounds, he lost a brother to colorado. he drank contaminated water, access to clean water is a human right to sir fisher aims to deliver what the state fails to provide. it also developed

a small water filter for home use issue to use is grenade. to, to purify the water. we have 2 buckets that don't bucket contains the granite and then below bucket is there is above for this, if water. so they power down the bucket. and then they, all filtration happens in the grenade. on the water and air gun is gip through the grenade, and only safe water goes into the reserves. opposite of yanna shows people how to put together their own water filter. the granite needs to be cleaned every few months and then it can be reused. remember, we didn't have been to is intrigued if you feel to water this way. you no longer have to boil it or by charcoal, which means lower emissions and costs. and there's another advantage, every time we stole anastasia and filter,

we train that women around the community to make sure that they have access to safe drinking water in their homes. and they can also go and train other people, or also mecca. these would have filled us then, so them and an extra income for themselves. so to be raji and henry of piano installed the 1st large filtering system using granite in central uganda. in a school near the capital kampala, several 100 pupils now have access to clean water and fall sick, less often digitize. safe, hasn't have anything so has helped me a lot, cause i'm no longer suffering will pay for it. and even i was suff. i only pay for it and i was like, i don't even go to school too. so fisher has quantify. the impact that use of its filters has on the environment in terms of trees protected and c o 2 emissions. he lay. yeah. we save the atmosphere over at least $240.00 tons of

a body. ok said for each filter and marine godfrey's federal plant whenever to sufficient installs a large filter system in a school. the teen plants. marina trees with the pupils about a 1000 in all over the past 2 years. oh, at nike valley, dina, and i've been to, had since acquired and started using a water filter. she put it together herself. my g in the water from the filter is clean and usable real, but i'm very surprised that this is the same also. it was originally dirty after cows and people had contaminated it, you know? yeah, mile thanks to the, to sufficient filter. she and her family stand a better chance of staying healthy with less effort and at lower cost. however dirty, the water in the lake continues to be. bats eat from us to day. we hope you enjoyed this with sure. if you've got any thoughts or ideas about environmental protection that you'd like to share with us, please do get in touch. well,

social media platforms will need some return on you. it is a good buy from compiler. here in uganda. see you soon, sandra. it's good bye for me to wish you all a wonderful 1st the season take care and stay safe. i am chris the lamps. signing off from lagos, nigeria, ah, a, a ah,

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