tire generation steers for the future. their sons deal with environmental protection, unemployment, and also the dangers of runaway technologies. zation. however, they find their musical muse in the old legends, traditions, and characteristic sounds of the mongolian culture. ah some noodle, the name john on his closely connected with a history of the horse, had fiddle r, mongolia, national instrument. who told me this with a fine? well, the mongolians have always said that there was a very kind hearted man who owned a black horse named chow, not 13, and was hey,

listen, it loading it when it died one day when they wanted to honor it, murder and built the 1st horse head fiddle in its image was sing, yes, a thought sweet used its bones the tale and main me. he's made through the dated letter dusters. on that it. whenever the longing sees to him to the board, but he played on it metal and he remembered his black horse down on her money. as an assistant in common with the musicians were present a young and confident mongolia internationally, as well as members of a young generation who went in search of their own cultural identity and found their place in the world. ah, with

michael, the denser was a mom of the ones of day of giant. we hope that in the future. people will remember our band, joe, known for successfully having passed traditional mongolian music on to younger generations in a profound way. how strategic was des with this had been negative with which to be to that is our wish to women. it is what we hope our musical achievement will be all to he told 110th with this ticket and hit the 2nd leg of our to any takes us from the capital on batter along the transmitter galion railway to the city of chair, 250 kilometers away in the heart of the mongolian step.

colon votter central station, 7 a. m a real hero is waiting for the train to chair. good at chad, jig dead, demi dean is the only mon goals so far, who has travelled into space? since his space flies in 1981, he has been treated like a superstar in his country. the retired air force major general was also the country's minister of defense until 2004. however, most mongol see him 1st and foremost as a heroic cosmonaut. of industry grants and thing to the 1st baseline buyer mongolian was a significant moment for our people and it will stay a part of mongolian history as an important event. all these days. young to learn

about it from newspapers and magazines from radio and television, from their parents, relatives and siblings. with it as a result, mongolians have edged it firmly into the memories with another, almost as with sing he warriors, altima, ah, even in retirement, the major general still has very little free time. he regularly speaks at events on military history about his experiences as a research cosmo. not on the soviet. so used 39 space mission and about his 8 day stay on the so you to 6 space station good are judging dead them. a dean was awarded the title, cosmic hero of mongolia to honor his career. he's the only living mongolian to hold it. that'll be all done. what done, if you go with, is that the 3? no, well i try not to give myself so much important level to see what have i done so far,

which what are my achievements mainly about the job again, but i don't really think about myself that way or ask those types of question. i saw that you can get both of them. it's not the next. what matters to me is that i want to remain the same person i was before i went to space baffles of the said did here to g back there in my spaceship, commander and friend vladimir alexander of it's johnny beck of said to me, richard after space trouble, you will have many new friends, but please don't forget your old ones. you. again, i still think about his words to this day by sonata, which is why i want to public to see me has i really out about a lot of them and how to get some relief. sadly through what's the cosmonaut is the role model for his fellow countrymen. some one they respect, even though they recognize that his feats were idealized in soviet propaganda. his ride on the train has been announced. the entire train crew and even the cook

know, the famous space traveler will be on board. the cook is actually install chef who was assigned just for this journey. it will be up to him to make a top quality meal in the few square me to kitchen on the wobbling train. what i need to cover will be serving delicious dumplings and potato salad to the cosmic hero. monica dumplings are filled with beef and tasty mutton towel. they should make fantastic dumplings the ship does not pass up the opportunity to serve his hero. the food in the dining, col personally,

the potato salad served is actually made according to a german recipe. it's a culinary leftover from the times of international friendship between mongolia and east germany. the transmit good in express takes a good 3 hours to get a chair in the province of gov, his number deep in the mongolian step. ah, good at judging dead them. athene is no stranger to the city until the early 19 ninety's, both soviets and mongolian air force base as were located in the region around. sure. so the station was strategically important. marvin, with the retired cosmonaut knows it well, that i'm a member from all. this is why the station stove invited their celebrity guest to join them. they proudly recalled this historic moment. hello to

he did it. nowadays, the 72 year old increasingly looks back not only on his achievements, but also on his roots as a simple nomad. ah, the good not the motor dog, but i saw the mongols have actually been watching the skies in space from very early on as well. so if you, if here are long history shows that we've used celestial bodies to navigate by for thousands of years and how to sell to us, lot of moreover, to survive as a pastoral and nomadic people in their world, we have to be able to foresee the vagaries of the weather to hot cold, that's why the mongolians always directed their gaze and thoughts up toward the celestial bodies of think that he can so ordered hot out long. she lived there simply ah,

oh, well the transmit galion railway continues on its meandering course towards the chinese border. we stay a little longer in the wild blooming step around chair 2 centuries nomadic chasm breeding has been the mainstay of the entire region. camel hurts, round their natural in i am and freely as 2 horses sheep. okay. ah . the step landscape around mount cinder, about 50 kilometers from chair is known for its fertile ground. this is where all tongue carol has settled. for most of the year, the nomads, horses live wild, they have to withstand winters with temperatures as low as minus 40 degrees celsius

as well as wolves, which the horses can severely injured or even kill with one kick. the cattle head, his family lives with their horses following the rhythm of nature. wearing a watch would be a superfluous luxury. earlier lou louis alluded to go, we get up early and we are out all day until dark. my license, i knew we had the capitol and move them from here to there. to do that, since were out all day long, we don't need to ask what time it is. good for us, there is morning, noon afternoon than the movement of the sun. now these are, these are, you know, you always keep an eye on the sun. after all, it's the only thing you can keep in view here because it's the sun that is always determined whether it is day or night with the house. and i don't all do i go what georgia done. oh, where did the ancient

sons of the nomads tell of their longing for their beloved homeland? the endless expenses of the step and the deep blue mongolian sky. and never the way who knew laugh ha ha, husband takes care of the horses. add in a suit, turns the rich milk from their goats and sheep into quogue, yogurt and cheese. these are stable foods during the summer months. the youngest daughter still lives with her father and mother. her older siblings are already attending school and live with their grandparents in the city. a daily walk to school through the step would be much too arduous and too far

not to them. sweetwater, to live with it. at that, we have never really thought about living in the city. if we have worked down the city, we take the train as it usually runs at night as well and that are that way we are there early in the morning before work starts so much and then you can get a lot done in a day stamps, itinerant herd is aunt interested in material wealth. they see possessions as additional ballast. but the number and conditions of their animals on the other hand, are extremely important to them because they show their diligence and skill. they are one them are valuable on the well, we get over 200 kilograms of kashmir, will sometimes even 300 kilograms from the 700 coats. we're doing good. the good and the money we earn from the world trade is enough to cover all the expenses that come up over the year to the law, to the other school fees and autumn man to pay for the 2 or 3 workers who help us

go there. he pays for anything important that crops up in the year or 2 and we also prepare the meet from our cannot feed ourselves in winter daily, but we also sell some of it. so we live from the immense productivity of our animals. oh, did you share tender her hair? oh, i hear them all. her mining has dramatically increased and that all of her, all sorts of things have been done to the soil, which is having a negative effect on the bodies of water and pastureland up to us near north. we now get very little water from our wells. it didn't isn't says and it hardly rains any more. hold on one is it. so when i look back on my childhood it often rained continuously for 3 or 4 days. oh hang.

oh. a oh, mongolia sits on huge deposits of natural resources and a round chair, one of the country's largest and most important centers of mining iron, or copper, all and lig night is growing. kelly, the mongolian mining companies and profiting from the countries wealth of rural materials, nearly as much as big international investors and energy giants still the development is good for mongolia as railways. the network is growing and jobs are being created. i don't know. oh, goodness,

hulu. so me she knew multi economy has a major influence on the expansion and development of the real race and vice versa . so in this as you go stitch and the mongolian railway is currently expanding, our stock bothered at the locomotives and real cars are becoming more advanced, subtle, ga food with this, with the real network. and the entire real logistics are currently being revamped us was a little slow after the free traffic in particular is increasing such as the 6. and so the future of our railways looks really promising. so get started with most rural materials our exposure to neighboring countries. china, however, uses the different gauge of track to mongolia where the network is based on the rush and broad gauge. that means all the wagons must be reloaded on the chinese border, which is a huge additional cost factor. a lot of the locomotives are also of russian origin

and want to put her oil bottle on us while the books. so there are currently $31.00 of these russian locomotives and mongolia the alter the chickens. but at the walks we have been using this one since 2010 north vermont us with the chopper up well polish mitchell. they both are both on the can call up to $5000.00 tons and it's 2 engines have a total of $7212.00 horsepower. who's the work order in the cost. but she went through a long trial period and has proven she can survive the long distances and the hard mongolian winters very well, was there without more. but the heavy diesel engines and seemingly endless lines of wagons moved effortlessly

through the lonely step landscape. day and night even as darkness falls, the station in chuck stays very busy. as a vital transport hub, it is growing in parallel with the economy. mongolian history and therefore bass of its railway is closely interwoven with that of its russian neighbour. with the founding of the socialist peoples republic of mongolia, 1921, the soviet union sided with its economically weaker allying. engineers in moscow designed the lines and forced labourers was sent from russian prison cans. to reinforce the mongolian track workers to drive this gigantic project through the

1111 kilometers of track through the most difficult terrain, gave mongolia a big boost. it was a great success for the soviets to who will do it by the wealth of mineral resources. boss, military considerations also played a major role in the fraternal relief action. the transsmart, early and railing from the russian border in the north to china and the south is still the backbone of all rail traffic in mongolia today because of the enormous distances, many passenger trains run overnight. sleeping cars are the best way to weather the long journey times to is also on the roof of the so called dealer trains. most of the passengers on board,

all mongolian merchants on their way to their chinese neighbors. there they buy goods that are late is sold at a profit in their shops back home. a large part of the mongolian population now lives from this trade, including some women from bogan, as city in northern central, mongolia. about bog, about the varmint vessel. on the low, brutal amish. they're ordered. we are on the train for 4 days to miss all belongs to that. but if you include all the shot being in beijing or even further away auto home, then you get to a total of at least 10 days on the road. didn't long thing of the job board. but everyone, both retailers and wholesalers takes the train to travel between the 2 countries, feed it all the page, the wire. ah, because the train is safe for people and also for the transport of goods. and you can almost live your life in a trade. passengers can sleep and eat, drink,

and relax on board. hop on paid the 2 of them. many of the mongolian commercial travelers have come from other professions. but i am got up studied mongolian literature in the 1970s. and her husband is an artist. up among the chill things, he said nothing. in 1992, there was a political inversion, and we moved to a market economy society fin old. and suddenly it was all in of if you drink from their cup, you also have to follow their customs. they began skipping, while a lot was privatized to it, and state owned enterprises were broken up into small businesses over so many people, including academics, became unemployed and wages were very low level. since then we become so called saddle baggers. some of sima

saddlebags is an old mongolian term referring to nomadic merchants who used to tie their goods to the saddles of their horses and ride off to sell them. ah, it seems the historical reference makes it a bit easier for present commercial travellers to accept their life circumstances which are frequently difficult even if it's hardly her dream job to year old, bad dom got us does not complain. all thanks he he, his order ottawa was there. i have no other option that we could still available. and even if we are only small businesses that were still importing for society and for our families, our children and our grandchildren, if possible, we pay for college rent and food. i had actually, yes, more than half of all mongolians financed their lives through small businesses.

often one of them is me from st. sean rails station. it takes another 5 hours to reach the chinese border. ah, ah, just how much the landscape has changed. only becomes apparent in daylight. ah, the rich green stepped landscape has given way to the oca colored infinity of the gobi desert. covering some 1300000 square kilometers. it is the largest desert in asia. the desert city of same challenge is about 250

kilometers south east of church, along the transmitter, guardian railway. almost 40 kilometers. further on in the east and gobi desert, we come to hum our monastery, which the mongolians also call hammering heat. the 19th century complex is an important center for mongolian buddhism. again to marry as a buddhist monk who travels on the night train from milan bos are several times a month. he says, it's an escape from the confines of the city and that it was only here in this barren and empty expanse that he became aware of the connection between freedom and mongolian identity. if too though, if the will freedom for me, means responsibility. if we have freedom too bad, we must deal with

a responsibly elect to the house. i'm free harris. i'm a chin gus mongo. but instead of thumping my chest a good good. i'm trying to remember that the world is more log in to get aged. it is sure i consider myself a mongol, but i don't consider others as foreigners visiting with mold. and i'm a buddhist monk. i'm huge. so i have responsibility, so figured to withdraw with every autumn, hundreds of pilgrims and believers from all over mongolia meet in hom, our monastery. a ritual walk through the stony deserts around the monastery grounds is said to drive away bad omens and renew the life energy of each individual. mongolian buddhists believe the whole earth's energy pools in this atmospheric

place. ah, the colorful trip makes its way about 2 kilometers into the desert, to some balla center a some ballas, a holy places that refer to the mythical city of the same name, where legend says the accumulated knowledge of buddhism will out last time itself. with don san raphael was a buddhist lama as important mongolia as the current dalai lama into bess. he personally chose this place to build a monastery in 1824. over

a 100 years hum r monastery was one of the most important buddhist centers of faith in mongolia with in the mid 19 thirties, mongolian communist government turned against buddhism. monks were condemned as anti stalinist elements. thousands were imprisoned or killed, and monasteries were destroyed. oh on next move in the long run, the 1st arrests and executions of buddhists took place on september the 10th 1937. that future generations must learn about it if it you thought would be though that is why on this day we call on the whole world to prevent such evil deeds from happening again to hint affected, no person should be excluded. persecuted or murdered because of his or her beliefs or opinions. i've learned again when you are, since we are gathered here today so that these atrocities will never be repeated.

good. i come. what did people know? the meeting has become part of mongolian intangible, cultural heritage. and buddhists, from all over the world celebrate the resurrection of the monastery and their faith in the boundless expanses of the gobi desert. oh, come our monastery symbolizes a commitment to freedom and independence for all mongolians. the hope is that its story can teach future generations to look ahead with hope. self confidence and self determination. ah, yeah. the lyn either the to upload my whole life's journey is dedicated to a happy and bright future. thank you. last mold on. so might grain of life is traveling towards optimism for every one. everywhere

our journey through mongolia is drawing to a close. there's much more that could be told basque as an old mongolian proverb, nose scene once is better than heard a 1000 times. ah ah, when she is conducting wagner, she says can feel the a meaning invite very fast women on the banner though conducting a story of courage,

strength and skill. meet them. march 21 thump in 30 minutes on d w. o. c double used crime fighters are back that africa, most successful radio drama series continues. all episodes are available online. and of course you can share and discuss on d. w, africa's facebook page and other social media platforms, crime fighters, tune in now. the landscape, a reflection of a turbulent history. the cities, the mosaic of different people and languages. v ron's mountains reveal

unparalleled beauty. ah, a special look at a special country. he loan from above starts december 27th on d, w. ah, ah ah, ah, this is dw news lie from berlin blasting off for a new era of astronomy. a revolutionary new telescope is launched into space. it is hoped that james webb telescope will be able to tell us more about the origins of the universe.