a reflection of a turbulent history. the cities, the mosaic of different people and languages. iran's mountains reveal unparalleled beauty. the scenery is magnificent, but people are warm in our cuisine is exceptionally a special look at a special country. iran from above. starts december 27th on d, w. ah, what the forest logon in congo have to do with the grow and combo population, a mortgage issue, and shrinking see gross me do in portugal,

all region. the answer to that question at others is coming up in the next 30 minutes. welcome to echo africa. i am chris, the lamps, report in from lagos, nigeria, and sandra to interview hello from compiler. here in uganda. hi there creek. i can name at least one thing, the police, both issues together. they all are related to dramatic ways. our environment is changing. also on the show this week, i want the democratic republic upon the is doing to them live up pollution and how the countries environment minister trying to protect the country for it. once symptom of climate change is that drought are becoming longer and more frequent. according to the word metro, logical organisation drought has claimed over 650000 lives worldwide in the last 50 years. life still keepers,

i especially frightened by drought. goats cows and camels can survive without water in somalia. some common heard us have found success by bulking tradition. the it is breakfast time. the bid are coming from on the outskirts of the somali capital market issue. one or 2 animals have found something to chew on, but they are all pretty hungry. all eyes are all the activity at the edge of the enclosure, in the heaps of freshly cut grass leaves and trees tis to morsels for the english, but also vital to their health. these nothing to graze on the cindy ground. i son of did our man so via is the fund manager a head this size typically is more room to room, but space here is limited. there are

a lot of the work. i'll your earth. aha. you face so many challenges when you bring candles to the city, general know how to, how does the animals need to be trained to leave on the small area yet. so that requires a lot of patience and experience the all the other challenges of finding enough food for the candles in the city and ensuring the provided the things build geared from the desert. see the nerve who were all high. finally, the gate is opened year in the enclosure that is more than enough for every one that wasn't always the case when they had had to scrounge for food out on the open plains, just as camels here have done for centuries. or what lucky, good already my dear, when the drug struck the countryside where camels traditionally leave, there was nothing to graze on and a short fall offering. it forced us to move our animals here to the city. all. so

legit no are so highly. so malia is one of the country's heat, particularly hard by climate change. persistent drought is slowly destroying the traditional grazing length. the vegetation is dying back, and water holes are drying out even camels, which can survive long stretches on very little a dying from thirst or hunger. the despair filled there who st. ibrahim was seen in other head as is going by the day, their flocks are shrinking, become old, simply cannot find enough to eat in the bushland off the lot of billy ridge in eastern somalia and only february we had us talk a lot about how to get our candles away from here and find new grazing areas because it hasn't rained in so long. drought is everywhere. how if it gets worse and we can't be dar camel's, we'll have to abandon them and go to the city to civil children and ourselves. callaghan, the milan, many somalis are moving to the capital to escape the effects of climate change.

mogadishu population has doubled, 2400000 people over the last 20 years. it was in that growing market that her son abdulla months, abriya recognized in opportunity. soft alcala, in burn core dotcom. another reason brought us candles to the c. t is to provide fresh milk to the people who live in mogadishu and its surrounding areas. in the past, people have to go to law areas to get it overnight. now we can deliver freshly milt right here in the ne boards annual about his own obama. ellen, on his looking is done every day in the bed, a camel from much to the displeasure of the young calls. but business takes precedence was i arreola slowly holligan alamo dollar. we sell one liter of all come milk for $2.00 in cost. so how do a lot my head also that i, we normally produce 900 to 1000 liters of come know, milk every day of school,

the 9 on plane on by the lawyer. hey alicia norma, if demand is high we increase all no protection to meet the needs of our customers and clean unmet are currently set up all the all of the fresh milk if immediately loaded up and taken to the city. restaurants in hotels are important. customers come on milk is very nutritious impact would be to means making popular not just in somalia with business who me the better candle thumb can afford to buy concentrate feeds for the animals. it's an important way of making up for drought related food shortages being the camels to the city his tend out to be a good move, but not everyone can afford to do the same. so instead, was st. ibrahim or sing plans to move on with his camels, in the hope of finding enough food in water elsewhere, or what is a precious resource,

it's essential for survival. so why do i wish so much of it? now think about the mighty congo river in the democratic republic of the congo. it's one of the words depressed rivers. millions of people depend on it for their livelihoods, but it's been polluted at an alarming rate due to paul waste disposal. as we'll see in the capitol kinshasa more rubbish than water. that's the state of almost all of the con goes tributaries in kinshasa. and every they, the mountains of waste continue to grow. because almost every one disposes of their rubbish. along the small rivers and drainage canals that criss cross the city, organic waste and plastic bottles suffocate life in and around the water and plug the waterways cause in severe, flooded during the rain season. it's the situation that horrifies the lane,

said bella, i said, learning about the damage caused by plastic waste. in his meteorological science course, he founded an environmental angio. she was like teacher so on a book with the the rivers in kinshasa, a polluted with run off from industries with plastic ways to share plastic. we plan to clean up the rivers by collecting plastics which are then turned into our object . i intend to start a business that will help to protect the rivers. i business will put this in there and he's using a lot of imagination to do it. elaine said, baylor knows his initiative, can't solve his shots, his overwhelming waste problem. but he sees the decorative optics made from the plastic waste as a step towards raising awareness of environmental problems. decades

of conflict, a rapidly growing population and the lack of investment of all contributed to the cities failure to develop a function in water and sanitation system voice 15000000 inhabitants in 2019 the government launched the kin book better projects aimed at making kinshasa cleaner. and greener on the last saturday of every month, kinshasa citizens are encouraged to clean up their neighborhoods. $300.00 trucks are deployed to collect garbage and transport it to landfills on the outskirts of the city where it's burned. still, the project only scratches the surface. according to official figures, the city produces 7000 tons of plastic waste every day. but environmental

activists like a lame cibola, are undeterred by the task ahead of them, even if it has to be removed one sac at a time. all next report also comes from the democratic republic of the congo, which is home to the 2nd largest ring forest in the world after the brazilian amazin lush. tropical forest covers about 60 percent of the r c. for now that is white grease. it is a disappearing, fust, over 15000000 hits is have been cleared in the last 20 years, partly due to the dubious license agreement. but these forests, valuable cowboy seems valuable, not only for the year, a see, but for the global climate. equal africa spoke to the countries environment minister to find out what is being done to talk with his problem and others think

a poor. let me double cartoon here in the democratic republic of congo. the best way to protect forests would be to provide more people access to electricity and not just private household. second communities on the whole need alternatives to burning wood for energy going broke. and that would include was mall and midsize businesses. mill. yeah, they're pretty ben. why and unclear pretty juniper parley was, will, did. i'm like home simply go back to the village where i was born and tell folks they stopped chopping down trees. it stopped burning wood, charged. they must be given an alternative that, that you're given. we're waiting on funding to implement the change that will allow us to develop land for large scale, productive agriculture. he knows a lot at the moment. just 14 percent of the congolese population have electricity

lately. who's that we can increase that to 70 percent 3 solar power generated by the sun that shines above us squarely, but also from bio mass and wind power. who is in it as yet did not, did contribute that should go a long way towards protecting the forest or to just refuse or my life. what a all of our prefer. christiane. i left 43 . live your new landmark. we here in the d. r. z, sacrifice ourselves if and refrain from exploiting our oil reserves while the good of the environment you and what, what do we get in return? because if we choose to protect the environment, that's not only good for the d. r. c. it's good for the whole world, since forests store c o 2 emissions and help preserve biodiversity. who, you know, if someone makes us an offer, we can weigh up our options. if the deals right, we can say ok oil stay in the ground. we don't need to exploit you. we have other funds, other means of survival, mathee or profit, but without an alternative,

we can't afford to pretend we don't know it's, they're not gonna walk you through the law on sealskin advantage. we must quite simply act in good conscience nor that what we know there is the problem with pollution and we know that for us is can absorb those carbon emissions up. will you say that's reason enough to preserve and protect them? his invasive board, marcia, the global north, the well, the industrialized countries, the g 20 as well as the newly rich possessive, 80 percent of the world's d. d. p. i assume is, are couple of they have the means to do something with what is on him. why, yeah, it requires a willingness to comprehend, to realize that if we don't take care of our forest, the spirit or the industrialization in the world will lead us in no way that something's on because of temperatures rise by 3 full 5 degrees celsius. will all cease to exist?

existence is not in this rad anthem. in portugal was all god region researches. i'm 1st to get in house, see gross meadows can be protected and the benefit that could have in terms of reducing the fact of climate change. while conservationists see grass meadows are heroes of the ecosystem, home to many different species. they grow in shallow coastal waters and harbour huge benefits for life under water and on land. that's why team of scientists is studying the meadows of portugal, southern algarve coast. to day the team is preparing to dive down to the sea grass beds of 30 a formosa lagoon to collect sediment samples in

a time of climate crisis. carmen santos research is more crucial than ever for months to come. she and her team will be coming back to the lagoon. each trip usually spends several days the field work in close mapping the approximately 10 percent of wetland that's covered by c cross, which is one of the lagoons most valuable assets. they are very efficient chiral things, which means that they can sequester an a store, a huge amount of carbons in their biomass. and in the say, the one behind when they roll. and this is very important because when sequestering their seal to and the carbone that is store in their sediment, they are helping us to mitigate the climate change. ready scientists estimate that coastal ecosystems like c grocery store 3 times more suited than forests at no cost

. ready ready ready charlotte santos. and the team from y'all golf, sent off marine sciences. want to find out exactly how much of those blue carbon is stored? india formosa. they've taken about 80 sediment samples over the past 3 years. they slice up the samples and then analyze them. by burning them, the scientists can also, i see amount of carbon. they store the team, hope that their research will convince policy makers, etc. crosses meet more protection because of the potential to absorb c o. 2, there in science could also help on the local level in coastal development planning . and on the global stage, the findings could aid efforts to reach climate neutrality goals. see grass meadows world wide on the threat from the incessant traffic of boats and damage caused by

angus in europe. the scene said, since if sixty's we have lost one 3rd of the secret males that we have one of the major threats to see grasses, he's dead the amount of 4 of bolt that we have. because go it 1st the it travel very fast with just create said big waves that he, it's the margins of channels and day erodes there the cost of the day while the city men where they saw march on the see get us are growing water pollution also threatens see growth species around the globe. stricter legislation has served to improve water quality. andrea formosa, which in turn, has helped to see grass bates to recover. and that's benefited one of the lagoons, most iconic inhabitants the see horse. their numbers have dropped by more than

90 percent and recent years, primarily due to illegal fishing and the destruction of their habitats. protective zones and artificial structures like these has been set up to help see horses need something to cling on to jobs, panama, the driving force behind to see horse project, he's studying the relationship between the animals and see grass as well. those areas are highly productive in terms of food and as a, as an abby thought. and even if the sources don't use it directly to lose it that indirectly as it produced the food that later on day will fuel on like small tramp the small a. if he puts in all of the food that is also provided by the ponds at the research station where george palmer works,

it's feeding time for the see horses that the team breed here. palmer has been studying them since 2007. some of them will be released into the waters of re a formosa. it's a start overly. it won't be a futile measure to support what's left of the current population of carbon santos and had teen planted c grass in the summer. now that trying to track it down to see if the plans survived, though cameras can capture them, divers can spot them with their naked eyes. hugh a vase when they ask and it's great to see that they, it works. so we'll see how that happens in the winter, and hopefully sir, it goes well and we can see plaza growing and his grading from

across the globe. conservationists are focusing on replanting. c grasses like here near the spanish island of my georgia. it's tedious work. the young plans are sensitive and the growth is slow. but recent studies point to a reversal of the decline of secrecy and europe assigned that protection and restoration efforts can make a difference. according to a recent study by the aid organization, eunice, it was white, more than 1400000 people live in areas with the high water insecurity. among them are 450000000 children. that is one reason why an initiative here any vendor is making foods as available in schools and that will private households to drinking water closer. this is the knock a volley refugee settlement in western uganda,

130000 people live here. 6 years ago dina been to fled the democratic republic of congo after rebels killed her husband. in ocoee valley. the lake is the source of water also for drinking for livestock as well. but the water is full of germs. every year, 20000 children under the age of 5 die in uganda of diarrhea disease. one major reason is that they have no choice but to drink dirty water. heat kills germs. so dean and i've been to boils the water, she fetches from the lake. she has 5 children. when i pick up, we boil drinking water using charcoal, and if we don't have it, we use firewood. otherwise we would be drinking very dirty water. that comes at a cost to the environment. to make charcoal trees are cut down. forest also had to be clear to make space for the settlement,

but there is another way to provide safe, clean drinking water. south of the wound g and henri athena run to. so fisher a social enterprise that makes automated low cost filters. this set up cost $1200.00. the money was donated by somebody in the united states. it supplies enough water for about 900 people out of 830000 in the settlement. but it's still a start. there was a that bus is through our field that is the water from the lake. you can see this is a, the original order from the lake. and then after 8 buses through the filter, this is that is out that we get out of the wounds, he lost a brother to colorado. he drank contaminated water, access to clean water is a human right to sufficient aims to deliver what the state fails to provide. it also developed a small water filter for home use. issue to use is granted to

to purify the water. we have 2 buckets that don't bucket contains the granite and then below bucket is air is above for this. if water, so they power down the bucket and then they all filtration happens in their grenade . on the water and air gun is skip through the grenade and only safe water goes into the reserves. opposite of yanna shows people how to put together their own water filter. the granite needs to be cleaned every few months, then it can be reused. remember, we didn't have been to is intrigued if you filter water this way, you no longer have to boil it or by charcoal, which means lower emissions and costs. and there's another advantage. every time we stole anastasia filter, we train that women around the community to make sure that they have access to safe

drinking water in their homes. and they can also go and train other people or, or so mecca, this would have fueled us then sell them and an extra income for themselves. so to be rudy and henry of fiano installed the 1st large filtering system using granite in central uganda. in a school near the capital kampala, several 100 pupils now have access to clean water and fall sick. less often, dissertations safe, hasn't have anything so has helped me a lot because i'm no longer suffering will take for you and even i was suff, hourly pay for it. and i was like, i don't even go to school too. so fisher has quantify the impact that use of its filters has on the environment in terms of trees protected and c o 2 emissions the la. yeah. we save the atmosphere of at least $240.00 done. so i bought new york said for each filter, unloading godfrey's federal grant whenever to sufficient installs

a large filter system in a school. the teen plants, marine ga trees with pupils about a 1000 in all over the past 2 years. oh, at napa valley, dina, and i've been to, had since acquired and started using a water filter. she put it together herself. my d and the water from the filter is clean and usable reality. i'm very surprised that this is the same. 02. it was originally dirty, up to cows, and people had contaminated it. now we have a mile thanks to the tooth official filter. she and her family stand a better chance of staying healthy with less effort and at lower cost. however dirty, the water in the lake continues to be. bats eat from us to day. we hope you enjoyed this with sure. if you've got any thoughts or ideas about environmental protection that you'd like to share with us, please do get in touch while social media platforms will meet some between of you.

but he's a good buy from compiler. here in uganda. see you soon, sandra. it's good bye for me to wishing you all a wonderful fest. the sea said take care and stay safe. i am 1st the lamps. signing off from lagos, nigeria, ah, with

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