did the detail this how he was giving readings of his tale in boston, paris, and in london, of course of credit. and people would rush to see him in paris. people described a huge line in front of the british embassy in middle of winter, a cat, but people were in t is yet in boston. a wealthy businessman called fairbanks showed up and reading. after listening to the christmas story read by the author himself. he decided to offer a turkey to each of his workers for christmas and gave them the day off to celebrate christmas. and when you are here, don't happen. it wasn't a holiday at the time. didn't sit say daniel, how he asked formula legless kimberly this present the deuce club concept in england is a very interesting one of the a lot of when you because the bosses force their workers to save money during the years. so they could celebrate christmas with dignity and by the famous goose, which was the english dish, or this notion

of a christmas that is reconnected to morality, reconnected to religion. and the american gift of a santa claus figure is going to combine in the 19th century. authentic, in fact, gifts were a part of this to begin with, i see more if i need to be someone to bring again. if i had 1st to carry to bringing gifts, dependent on with jeff, but gradually it became the same one. that was, it was sad to close, he brought the kids once it became known if he laid working. ah, the american style sounds close also became a major commercial figure who invaded the advertising sphere. santa became universally famous thanks to guess what the department stores. they were becoming

very popular at the time, and they enrolled santa as their number one sales clerk. ah, alternator j between the 2 world wars eldric or santa claus became the ideal partner to promote new products to add up to old, usually both. then he also became bit naughty on the edges for public bit of us come back to europe who was used to push big cigars. liquor and easy women eloquent, pho evicted from leisure. ah, we'll do so. yes. santa claus was indeed exploited by advertisers and brandon body among which the best known as coca cola would use. but coca cola certainly didn't

invent santa claus. feldwood, santa claus are so powerful, christmas are so powerful that they call forth enemies. and one of these enemies is totalitarianism. in the soviet union, after the revolution, celebrating christmas was considered bourgeois, thus discouraged. so the communist party decided to revive a non religious figure, dead. moreover, the slavic wizard of winter, under the soviets dead morose, was made to look like a blue santa who came to offer gifts to the children, not at christmas, but for the new year's holiday. of course, dead morose as imagery was soon used to praise the revolution and glorify the working class of the new regime. another totalitarian party that also decided to exploit santa's image for its own benefit was the nazi party. when

um the nazis take power in 1933. their 1st thought that the nazis had is just to co opt to christmas. so they will try and associate naziism with all of the good things of christmas. and so the ss tries to pagan eyes christmas, they want to move the celebration from december 25th to december 21st, the winter solstice. this is met with a good deal of resistance by the german population and in the aftermath of world war 2, department stores hired santa's by the thousands. but 1st, the santa has had to take classes at newly created santa claus schools. oh it my mom up in france. santa claus only really becomes important after world

war to go. now she get with the adoption of a more american not stop after the will. people don't to say only kid still by me. the 1st high school christmas eve tina rossi sings the son the promised his little children, gifts by the thousands, in toy factories open up every way. for young u industrialized production methods produce more affordable toys to spoil children wiffle. ah, but where does santa live? it is? rumored that he lives near the north pole. but where exactly is it in canada, in greenland, or in lapland? what is certain is that the official santa claus village was opened in 1985, near the finished town of ravone, emmy. right on the arctic circle. it's become the largest santa theme park in the world. more than $500000.00 visitors come here every year from all countries and

religions. hello, please come here. good morning. how are you today, sir? financial country. good, don't, don't, don't be afraid. don't be afraid shortly. here just take it easy as they can. so let's start with the photo. so again, in 1951 and an under privileged parish of dijon, france, a group of parishioners rejected santa for his consumerist attitude and for up staging jesus. so they dressed up a mannequin at santa and set it on fire in the next 48 hours when these images were seen all over france. so because to break scandal, a really big scandal, everyone saw that the church had burned santo, the poker merely short as it turns out. the mayor of dijon, felix care, who's also a religious model, vivian on to prove the burning. so the next day he staged an opposing spectacle. the 1st thing which santa was lowered from one of the tallest buildings in dijon in

the city hall, rooftop repair. but then it here sent out a press release, denying the center was dead and stating the burning had been fast. ah, is this prompted a corny between intellectuals that last several years will give a drip yo's at b, the car i fool newspaper provided a forum for defenders and opponents. the defendant, santa claus may rise dollar go in the pro santa come. there were french intellectuals, lashaun cato, she'll burst roll o crow levy straus housekeeper coffee, dedicated a special essay to santa phil bobby view the debates became very he for his credit treasure long. ready ah,

despite the controversies of the past the day, the enthusiasm for santa is undiminished every year millions of children send letters to santa all over the world. santa's official post office and romani. emmy received 17000000 letters from 100 countries in 1985 postal systems everywhere have had to adapt to this incredible situation. mitchie said l i should you know santa, i'll tell you a secret of being keyed isn't easy either. everyone wants the children to be good and to work hard at school demise. your health look to figure the battery because it's always annoying to receive the gift and not be able to try it out right away. because the back face of missing look a thing to follow in france, the person who was decisive in making it official to respond to letters to santa mini is a minister named chuck marell physic. by when he was put in charge of supervising.

the postal says to do it, he felt it wasn't acceptable, that hundreds of thousands of letters were mailed to santa a never reach their destination in garage it. are you looking for created santa's team of personal secretary, his mold this and he asked his sister francoise merritt. to be santa's 1st secretary, lisa consented. gerbert, francois merritt is better known as the rights of francois stall, toilet to ah, for from swans dole to understood how important it is for children to develop their imagination pool awful. by the way. yeah, that's also the reason why john called to have been so virulent and angry against francois maria in the opponents of santa claus. he told them, you break the dreams of children. you don't have the right to do that. these are doing the boxes pacifies, of which children cinders from all over the world. because growing up is about taking a step on the way the kids said saturday pacifiers, a milk bottles and

a cuddle told. well another aspect of santa claus and father christmas it's, it's a bright passage for children to learn that he doesn't exist and that he's impact your father. probably just bringing the presence on all that 6 reasons at primary school. well, it's compulsory now, and that's where the oldest students would moccasin say ha, they still believe in se nicholas glass and he could then after a year or 2, we found out the big secret glinetta got it resolved, parent bus. the why? like the name? sometimes on tv, there are commercials with toys on sale. so i one, did it sad to makes toys, or why are they for sale for profound or more legible, your quick unless i had to brings them, said there's really no use in buying them. don't you think it doesn't? that's when i started having dance and i thought i'll post if they're on sale, this is that means the parents probably have to pay for the kid. oh

ah. and now santos, facing a new garage of criticism. will he survive it? the fight is on. he's targeted, it's jesus versus santa, who represents the true spirit of christmas. the original one santa is the symbol of capitalism, the destroyer of the planet, with a terrible carbon footprint. santa is all about junk food. his health is catastrophic. co lester, all diabetes, hypertension, possibly lung cancer because of his smoking habits. people want to hang him to crucify him. they criticize him of having waited years before introducing himself as a black santa. what do you expect? he's only the image of those who created him. a reflection of our society. it took him a long time to be accepted as a black man, especially in some parts of the us in the netherlands. controversy surrounds the

racial implications of santa's companion black, pete. but one of the i'm absolute constants of the history of christmas is people always complaining that it's been losing its true. meaning. people have been boring that we've lost gossum the true sense of christmas. and so christmas is necessarily in a static time. when we look back and we worry that we have lost something, i so i don't think the interesting thing is that christmas has become commercial. i think the interesting thing is how worried we all the christmas has become commercial. because that is, i'll worry about the way that society as a whole is heading from time immemorial, people have either tried to appropriate his image or get rid of him. he's been banned, forbidden, sacrificed, hanged, burned. but santa still returns every winter.

this a lot of the chose to centric sees none. if it's a 100 percent, for sure, for us, i don't know was believe in santa i ah, [000:00:00;00] ah, tax hikes for millionaires. one millionaire is demanding just that her wealth could help others, especially during the pandemic. but that doesn't mean that the rest of the super

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time it can be measured precisely. and yet each person experiences as if there are different forms of time time, the phenomena, a dimension, and illusion. about time starts december 31st on d, w. ah, ah, this is the deputy news live from berlin roches supreme court shops down the country's leading human rights group. police the time protest is outside the courthouse as the n g, a l'oreal is liquidated. memorial dedicates itself to chronicling be atrocities of