oh gosh, please listen carefully. don't know how do you miss today? ah, we'll discover the world around you. subscribe to the w documentary on youtube. ah, well, come to our code at 19 special on d w. the corona virus pandemic has had

a big impact on the lives of children. in many countries, schools and day care centers has been closed. but recent studies show daycare centers could stay open without problems. but what about schools will also be visiting india and indonesia, where the roll out of booster vaccines is underway and will meet a scientist who is working to develop a new vaccine in indonesia. shutting down take his and his leads to a host of problems. young children soon get bored when they can't play with others . for parents, it means children need to be looked after at home. germany has not yet approved a vaccine for children under the age of 5. but despite that, a new study suggests daycare centers still don't need to close because young children are better protected than previously thought. i wish

it's wednesday morning and the elk of as ne family getting tested twin sneezer and ha ha, a 4 years old. they go to day care. that means they have to be tested for cove at 19, twice a week. all the little ones do not enjoy the procedure that is at the school. but testing helps ensure that day care centers can remain open. that's the conclusion reached by scientists at the university of fruits book they conducted a study over a period of several months using different methods to test over $600.00 children as well as their parents and daycare staff for cove at 19. and what we found out, the parents who, whose children were participating in regular testing, they felt better barbara pandemic, and about, you know, the consequences of the pandemic. they felt more secure and their cycle logical

wellbeing was higher compared to parents where the children did not regularly participate in the regular chest. the scientists reached another surprising conclusion. we almost could not find corona wires, infection in children who were regularly visiting or kindergarten and daycare institutions. so surprisingly, the new corona wires did not spread um a lot among children and at the trolley and within 2 days. this is your to special conditions of immune system of children who have a very good capacity of their innate immunity to defend the wires on them you causal surfaces and the needs of pharaohs. unlike with adults, pattern recognition receptors on children's nasal mucosa. a highly active,

they can recognize viruses early and release messenger substances activating a flurry of defense reactions. moreover, healthy children have more immune cells and their noses than adults do. that allows them to take on viruses and neutralize them more effectively. at the start of the pandemic day care centers were seen as super spread sites and had to shout it was hard for many children to adjust to the new normal davidson. the trust val mean all they didn't understand why we could not go. i got a will nothings yesterday of my 3rd egg finders. it was part of the hum of the dish . they slept really badly because they just went tired. things are much better now . to day nisa and her her both tested negative, so it's off to day. can parents can pick up free rapid unto gen tests at the center

every week. the study shows that the approach is effective, so long as more than half the families go along with it. of artic worth it. most of the families accept it and arrange amongst themselves who gets tested when the day care center has also switch to smaller groups. each group has its own room. if one child tests positive, the whole group has to quarantine the staff also make sure they abide by social distancing and hygiene rules. parents have to say good bye to that kids at the door . but yeah, i mean, we have bells now to make things as cheerful as possible for the children and they've responded, well, that'll good aha. the hum of the 2 on is some hint of us that we've introduced hand washing rituals and the children sing songs while they do it together. they enjoy playing with the water for advice as if there were 170 children and nisa and tahoes daycare center in the pasture. only one child has tested positive,

but with the current rise, and i'm a chrome cases that may now change a new wires maryann will establish more efficiently in the kindergarten age and the total age and it will spread out there more efficiently. so nisa ta ha, that parents and all the other families will have to keep testing for a while to come closing day care centers and schools and restricting social interaction can have a negative effect on children's emotional well being and behavior. i'll report a hunch when lee spoke to the director of child and adolescent psychiatry at in spring university medical center. in austria. she's been studying the psychological impact of the pandemic on children. many, thanks for joining us and pleasure. the latin i'm you, lead

a research project about the effects of the pandemic on children and adolescents in austria. what's your most important finding so far? yes, via on drug lauren and kindergarten. we're looking at kindergarten children and school children up to the age of 13. so the focus is on younger children and young, adolescence on d. okay. and to sum it up in a sentence, that's the emotional impact, the sense of insecurity, they feel has clearly increased as a result of all the changes that have been happening thus. right. and can then directly abstract, he helps him to the main symptoms that we're seeing. our emotional changes more depressive moods and anxiety issues, more emotional neediness. the children's quality of life is also suffering. that kinda, the visual whistle went on. what did you find out that really sticks in your mind on this and get the he scheme? i thought we had good stuff from c. i was upset by the fact that so many of them

spoke about their loneliness during locked down to tom. it was really a tragedy for the children and difficult for them to bear emotionally that they were no longer able to properly celebrate christmas birthdays, confirmation hung all of these key family celebrations, adam for me, and faced these on the memo bomb. and so i and own, and i was concerned about how much the children were affected by the worries of the adults use. how will this impact jobs, financial payments, and so forth? i found it upsetting how much they were aware of these troubles come. i'm not even going to your study boys and girls had very different symptoms. why is that about it? so dusty that's, you know, at the start the boys were quicker to manifest or externalize their symptoms. you notice it much more quickly when a child is aggressive and doesn't stick to the rules when you kick up a fuss than when a child is withdrawn and quietly muscle and therefore less conspicuous. yada

wouldn't awfully guys. that's why i'm hung up at the start. it was the case that the boys externalized their behavior, much more clearly than the girl. listen. i'm going to have our guys in the meantime . there isn't any perceptible gender differences. both are equally impacted, life blasted shock. how much will children and adolescents be affected by having to why masks, for so long? it's been your connection, i'm a child psychiatrist. so i wouldn't like to comment on the physical effects of mask wearing. but i can say something about it in relation to my field. you do children find it difficult to interpret the emotions of their parents or teachers. and luckily it's been confirmed in scientific studies that children don't have an eye significant difficulties recognizing emotions. even if this part of your face is covered, you can still see the eyes and hear the voice with them. so the children don't have any difficulty interpreting the emotions of their teachers or other adults who are

wearing masks. they know when they're furious or annoyed, even if they're wearing masks, hops muffin, carmen 2nd. in the what extent to these findings also valid for children? world wide is minus one asked you about to knock. i think that they are quite applicable because there were restrictions hygiene measures, lockdown school, restrict chance social restrictions in other countries to linda. and i think that how a child reacts to these kinds of things is quite transferable to other countries. my, it's understandable that children react emotionally to it and then it doesn't just pass them by. it has an emotional impact on them in the guy, the nurses and, and what's not lawson but talking plus mrs. welcome parents and policy makers to to counterbalance the psychological impact on children. i've been, i think parents should take a very calm and measured approach to the pandemic. explain lots. of course,

they should monitor how children and adolescents are faring emotionally. we know, for example, in another respect that eating disorders have soared during the pandemic. it's important that parents of adolescent children watch for weight loss if you wouldn't mind. i'm. i'm not good. in my opinion, the schools could exercise less pressure, less stress about schooling and could introduce subjects like psychological health . children and adolescents had learned something about stress and lack sation and spawn no, it's been, it's been mind and a fellow. i don't believe this is a lost or psychologically disturbed generation, but i do think it's unstable at the moment. 2 children and adolescents have been a bit battered by what's happened. so it's vital to see what we can do to counterbalance this. thank you. countries around the world closed their schools for many months because of the pandemic world wide, nearly $170000000.00 children were unable to attend school full practically

a whole year. but here and uganda. schools were close to nearly 2 years. in march 2020 rising cases of coven 19 prompted the government to impose some of africa's toughest restrictions schools. and he finally reopened this month. after such a long time, many students' lives have changed, and returning to the classroom is no longer on the agenda. walkthrough, we thought that bid was going to cost monthly. we, i mean, or, or tomorrow. but of course, you wish we saw toby. this rock don't crypton, you know, moving, expanding up to know of through was t us by group grows gone. we had to vote for younger children. retina wouldn't have been to school, but even print off drummed out. you can come and say hi brain late. i

guess ill that aid of back to school it, that much of what gifting us. so the pandemic has radically changed students' lives . the number of child pregnancies has risen, and many children have had to work to help feed their families. local authorities estimate one 3rd of students will never return to school. in germany, many schools have long since we opened. but is that a good thing given the number of infections right now? schools have been shown to be co that hotspots, which is why they were closed part of the time last year. but that meant many students fell behind in their studies. so this yet things are to be handled differently. but what's at stake? why am media and the news? that's the topic in today's english class at the foot causing school in berlin.

contrary to last year, lessons are currently given and passing in most parts of germany and not online yet . politicians have agreed that for now things will stay that way, but the danger of getting infected is high. i have also been, i'm a little scared of being in school because of the corona virus, like they are a lot of people here and we change rooms all the time. like every day i'm together with at least a 100 people. that's no good them, especially when you get home and think i could have easily learned this at home and be much safer. hosted the phillips and the lease relieved that the schools of remaining opened this spot, the on the cranberry. and the parents are only in charge of helping with homework the weeks of learning from home last year were frustrating. the i and then can nadia? i don't want to watch my own children all day, help them feed them and also do the laundry and shopping me. i don't want to go

back to that. it's not the right thing for our family. the fessler, my called fool, owns as familia, homeschooling, sfa, learning from home was not a good option, and i didn't learn very much have, and i don't want to do it again because it just wasn't any fun. we'll have a hunch. vasqua many children feel that way. they have gotten behind and now have the chance to catch up and see friends every day. deciding factors in keeping schools open despite rights in case numbers, local teacher rhine plaza would prefer a compromise from last year. he liked flipping back and forth between life and online lessons. working in half groups and alternating between learning from home, learning from school can be a compromise between an updated epidemiological needs and the needs of the students to learn. so, between the safety of the pedagogues and the safety of the children, but also there need to learn in school where the schools remain open. despite rising case numbers is up to germany, states to decide. as far as education goes,

they have the final, say, covet infections often seem to be mild in children. but do children also get long current with symptoms? continuing for many months. i'll science because it derek williams is here to answer your questions. this week's question comes from monica akin. oh, can you tell us more about the thanks of long covent in kids. upsides in the pandemic have been few and far between. but one of the few is, is that at least children are less likely to experience severe outcomes from an infection. so they don't often end up in hospitals or worse. but that doesn't mean that some kids won't eventually pay a price for, for

a contracting coven. 19 an earlier in the pandemic, expert estimates different pretty widely on, on what percentage of children develop long cove it but, but researchers in the field. now think that the numbers are, while significant are lower than some early guesses. a larger study from last fall discussed in the british medical association journal. the b and j, for instance, found that roughly $1.00 and $7.00 kids are still reporting symptoms over 3 months after a covert infection. likened adults the spectrum of long coded symptoms and kids is also pretty wide of one very serious possible long term effect is called multi system inflammatory syndrome in children or, or am i a see which can lead to oregon failure. fortunately, it's rare,

for example, there have only been around 6 and a half 1000 cases of it reported by the centers for disease control and the u. s. the so far, recently the cdc also published the disquieting news that rates of newly diagnosed diabetes were higher in children who had coven, than in those who hadn't, which was an effect already observed in adults. more common effects are often, but not always similar to those reported by dulce with long covert symptoms. they can include fatigue or, or breathing difficulties or, or headaches. and of course, no changes to the sense of smell or the sense of taste, a neurological symptoms like brain fog or, or difficulties concentrating, or also widely reported in kids just as they are and adults. it's important to say

however, that, that pretty much all of what we know about long covert in children is based on research that was carried out during the deltas stage of the pandemic. or even earlier, we still know little about the potential long term effects of an alma chron infection . it just hasn't been around long enough yet to determine them. noun infections are soaring again in india, driven by only chron, but officials are optimistic. this wave won't be as devastating as the last part of india is 1300000000 anal plenty vaccinated. and the vaccine drive is being expanded to include a booster shot for health care workers and high risk adults. and a 1st time shot for teenagers over the age of 15. we visited a vaccination center in new denny. finally, it's,

they're done. india is now vaccinating children older than 15 years as well. even though schools up north, once again as it could be. so just through the country, these 10th graders hope this will make the difference on the way the just my teachers are unable to mentor students well in online classes. and the students can concentrate either vaccination once we have all of our submitted and we can return to the classroom and do better in our study school, hoping i'm happy to get the right angle so no schools will open and i'll be able to see my friend was at school learning in the classroom was much better than it is online. it's a good thing that schools are closed right now to prevent the spread of the corona virus, but they need to reopen now that we're vaccinated. we have examinations coming up and it isn't just teenagers who are excited. healthcare and frontline workers are eligible for the thought doors as well. india is calling these precaution noses.

the vaccine has been crucial for our b and not just because she's giving shots herself. when the pandemic 1st struck, art the center don't know a 1000 kilometers away to live with his grandparents in the state of be hard to keep him safe while she continued to walk in the hospital. and it's only after i got both shots that i called my son back cooper for the whole year. i lived away from him. i only saw him on video calls. it was a huge challenge for me now with her doors. i mean, i feel safer against stormy chronos, well, which names that are questions around the efficacy of india's booster program. most adults and india have received the astrazeneca vaccine. and the government requires them to get the same kind for that her daughter. but studies have found that mixing and matching works better for boosters and that astrazeneca is amongst the least effective as opposed short and importing our the whack seems is not the only way

out. exploits. see, india is feeling to utilize these people have i'm to explain why i really don't think we should she has the pfizer and whatnot. no, actually they're very expensive compared to the lack since that are available to us . but in dallas not using this vaccine which is locally produced unix boosting program, so it does not make any sense to me. for now, however, some protection is better than none. this 60 not stopping is happy be eligible for boosters and hawks to soon get the whole family jabbed. what? 2 grand kids and i worried for them, and i would like them to. you'll also be able to be back to me to them. it is, they see what kept them out of the hospital last year and most likely, their best shot to keep it that way. next were off to

indonesia, which has been hit hard by her that 19. the country has registered more than 4000000 cases since the start of the pandemic. indonesia has also started administering booster shots, some of which were produced in indonesia itself. but the country is working on its own vaccine chain. we met up with one of the scientists involved in indonesia, vaccine production in full swing. what you see, these bottles is the chinese pseudo vaccine, the number one immunization available here. then he knew raimie is in charge of the process in a factory and bundle her team assembles components, importing from china, up at us at panama. if an in the pandemic access to coven 19 vaccines has been limited, of course when buying, we have to rely on external funds. if we had our own job to supply people,

then it would be affordable. that way, there's more accessibility and a more even distribution of the vaccines and indonesia, down call repair. since the pandemic broke out rainy has been walking around the clock, stayed on pharmaceutical company, is also hoping to develop its very own vaccine. an exciting process for a scientist, but reiney says it's also challenging for her as a mother of to, especially if things don't go according to plan. the idea that we have this time called the valley of death in the manufacturing process. some products here end up just as a prototype and never make it. we have to bear in mind, vaccines will be given to millions, billions of people, so they need to be affordable to talk in the end, the key objective is to be cost effective and efficient. for female scientists like known in rainy are still a minority in indonesia. despite the fact that at university women in this field

are the majority, 8 out of 10 undergraduates of women among the students at the medical faculty next door. analyzing, covet 19, swapped us as a much needed skill these days. but only one out of 3 of these female students will move on to a doctorate degree and i am only thing, it must be been escalated. there are still a lot of stereotypes when it comes to professional science, but many feel a professional teacher or a government employee will just make more money and has done it so many women are discouraged from continuing their studies as a scientist youngblood ah, by an american indian, i don't get my gun. elaine mama, we need to work in ourselves if we really love science, but the government should also facilitate and support us in this endeavor. it could be more funding, more laboratories and learning opportunities to cease audience. ah, city the level i believe her indonesia has so far fully vaccinated, more than 40 percent of its 270000000 people. but with the arrival of army run,

even more vaccines are needed. the country now launched a booster program early in an effort to prevent the next wave. so back scenes are still the key to success in pricing. the pandemic and science has once again confirmed that young children are naturally better protected against infection than adults. that's it for today. don't forget to tune in for next week's covered 19 special. until then stay healthy. bong ah ah, with

you ah. into the conflict with sebastian when it comes to the nuclear talks between

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