we explore every day life, what europeans fear, and what they hope for august on europe in, oh, d, w, m. know, are you ready to get a little more extra? ah, these places in europe are smashing all the records. stepped into bold, adventure. just don't lose your grip. it's the treasure map for modern globetrotters. discover some of european wykard breaking sights and mill also in book form. ah ah ah,

welcome to global 3000 sustainable cargo farming in ghana. will it also be profitable in the future? mushrooms are miracles of nature, what they're capable of is truly astonishing. but 1st, a priest in brazil is fighting poverty and homelessness. ah, many families in brazil have lost loved ones to covet 19. now they're struggling with another consequence of the pandemic. a rise in poverty conditions here, we're already difficult, but now a recession and inflation has hit the cost of food and other basic goods is soaring . the price of rice, for example, has risen by 70 percent. many go to bed hungry. there's hardly any state aid. so it's volunteers who are left to help the countries most vulnerable. where is my next meal coming from?

that's a constant worry for most of the people, padre julio, is helping here. the catholic priest provide support to people in sao paulo who have no roof over their heads. the brazilian government won't help them. he says, so others are stepping in who's who veered? who's following gee, the government often says it makes policies for everyone in oma, but it doesn't seeka g hope. frances talks about people's sometimes being disposed of like trash zada, philip of people who the government wants to get rid of because they're considered of no use. and that's exactly what we're experiencing here. years was that mean? you cannot be been 100 julio is vaccinated, but he still make sure to wear a mask to protect himself against the corona virus. and it's the pandemic that is made. what was already a difficult situation here, much worse. even before the pandemic, many people here lived under precarious conditions. if they had a job,

it was badly paid or offered little by way of security. but now they've been left with nothing. giovanni olivia and his brother live in south pollo, the financial hub of brazil, the wealthy city on that, but the gap between rich and poor has grown. well, anna, for the past year, the brothers have been living here on the street, both padre julio, reassures them that he'll help them find housing. giovanni olivia and his brother are from a rural region. when jobs disappeared there during the pandemic, they decided to try their luck. in sao paulo, giovanni olivia found a job as a day laborer, but with no contract or social insurance. when worked right up, he was left with nothing. now the brothers sleep outside the bus station. there. my

love uncle. we assembled furniture moved on during the pandemic. they made more and more of us redundant. i. e, some people had been working at the company for 5 years myself. i only started a year ago. so that's why i was the 1st to go on the 14th. therefore it's based on my little, oh sao paulo is a place of extremes. ah, the leafy wealthy districts where the rich reside are a world away from the hardship that is so evident in the rest of the city. the government has slashed coven, emergency aid for people who are out of work for people like giovanni olivia and his brother. there's no social safety net far away from their families. they live on handouts in charity mail by by st. louis

him. the father died of cove it 3 weeks ago about a month ago. he was affected to his work as a pastor in big hope of using his condition, deteriorated after a few days, and then he died on there. we were here and had no idea i bimmer mall builder, malcolm illegal. the pandemic is not to blame for all of the homelessness in the city. for many without housing, drug abuse also played a role. but many people have lost their jobs during the pandemic. without income, they can't pay rent. their situation becomes increasingly precarious, and soon they and their children descend to the bottom of the social ladder. a harsh world where everyone is just struggling to survive. winkle movie o, the number of homeless has risen by over 50 percent in sao paulo alone due to the virus looking for full flow. some people did have a place to sleep. there were no longer able to afford any food for me. oh,

so they had to live on the street of you. my uncle said me comerica me would use available room. mm. amanda gelatin and their baby boy might soon find themselves in that situation. they're living in a squat, but the landlord wants to a victim. the pandemic cause janet on his job and a restaurant desperate to feed his family. he bought some scissors brushes, and a payment card reader hoping to make ends meet as a barber shop. he's applied for a job in barber shops, but with no luck so far. in thick as the prophy, so my lombardo is always demand for barbara on with us pretty made us prophesies me . it's one of the oldest professions. there is a mistake. yes. a barber's used to have a similar function to dr. renetta. they even performed minor surgery possess in he a potter julio, gives the family a little something. the real problem he says,

is that the city's rich aren't just indifferent to the poverty here. they welcome it. as it means an army of cheap workers with no rights. the government has a shrug that off and potter julio doesn't expect that to change. who i still wish ago. i think i'll die before that happens. it's a system that will be around for a long time to comic wanted only. padre julio is convinced that one day brazil for will topple the ritz from the throne. even if he doesn't live to see that day is his hope for the future. mother nature has its own defenses against diseases, environmental pollution, and a lack of resources. and some of them are astounding. take fun guy. for example. the fleshy part of a fungus are the mushrooms or toadstools we see above ground. beneath the soil is a wealth of my sylium, the vegetative part of a fungus. that's where the real magic happens. mm.

mm. in saudi arabia, researchers discovered a fossil, they 1st thought was a tree. it was actually an 8 meter tall mushroom that grew 500000000 years ago. ah, the my celia of the humongous fungus in oregon stretches over 9 square kilometers and is considered the largest organism on earth. and fungi were crucial to the development of life on earth. they mind rocks for the minerals plants needed to grow and help create an oxygen rich atmosphere. so could fun guy now also help save the environment mm. there. among the most remarkable organisms on earth, yet mostly invisible, their web expands and connects the dots of our entire ecosystem and they're

essential for the cycle of life. fungi and the phone guy kinda a decisive really revolution of live us not just in the previous time, but even in current time, they degrade almost everything, sponge up some of the most hazardous pollutants, and can even create entirely new materials there. strange and magic and ways you would never imagine. so could they potentially help to clean up the mess on our planet and become the building blocks of our future? fungi are among the few organisms on the planet that can significantly break down ligman a component in would cells, but also present in fruits and any of tree or plant and decays after dying with fungi are essential to keeping our soils. healthy and scientists are just beginning to explore their amazing capabilities

to a phone guy and held in the decomposition of a li, giving thing which is more complex, done any organic compound. then these same set of garners ems can also helped and breaking down in the old, gothic poly dance environment. some 44000 oil fields, world wide, illegal extraction and leaks in refineries and oil pipelines have led to an estimated 5000000 oil contaminated sites. world wide fuels and crude oil contain a wide range of pollutants among them. poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or p. h's, one of the most worrying pollutants of our time. they killed flora and fauna damage organs and can cause cancer in humans and animals. back in 1998 scientists had already found that mushrooms do grow on heavily oil contaminated soils. in this

case, oyster mushrooms. after 8 weeks, the total amount of contaminants in the soil plummeted by 99 percent with p h is also broken down into less toxic substances. but just how do fun guy function? well, since organic pollutants like fuel oils originate from dead organic matter, fungi degrade them with the same enzyme. they degrade wood and leaves. with contaminants are chopped into smaller compounds which are less harmful or not dangerous at all. so they can become part of the nutrients cycle. again, some are degraded to c o 2 or water. but the concept of introducing going back to organisms which lacked shortly before on the rule of the gradation. and using them to a degree and wiped out and body density. environment is a very promising route,

but it doesn't end with organic matter. fun guy can also treat soils contaminated with arsenic lead in mercury from mining operations or even radioactive elements. in 1986, a nuclear reactor meltdown and explosion and chernobyl spread devastating radioactive contamination making the region uninhabitable to this day. in a trial near the nuclear reactor, erica quota used fungi together with host plants. we could show that strong seal um, which isn't even ma'am and radioactive element, half of that iowa bailable strontium could be taken up by the sunflower in the growth period of 12 weeks later, the plants can be cut down burned, and the strontium enriched ashes can be stored more safely, the soil is left significantly cleaner. what the fungi do here is change the

mobility of the elements fixing them in the soil, absorbing them, or helping plants take them up. samples taken close to a russian industrial site showed that fund i accumulated of to 40 times more nickel and copper than the soil they were growing in. so we might already be holding the solutions for heavily polluted soil in our hands. but as promising as some experiments are many also failed. that means i have 10 different thumb experimental setups and it will end well in several. and it didn't go well and 3 or the other way around. so what should i do? i cannot put that as the base is off putting into action real remediation scheme. as an authority. treating soils with bonsai is feasible in

rather small areas. it's cheaper and more eco friendly than conventional methods for removing and burning it. it's not an easy method though, especially in entire forests or mining regions. hico systems are unique in trans located fund guy from another area do not necessarily grow in them. promoting local species they can do the job would be key, but this takes time and patience. oh, of course, fun guy can also decompose any organic waste from agriculture and the food industry . so what about using their power to degrade organic matter to build the blocks of our future? like building a home made of mushrooms? no, we're not talking about moldy walls and sellers and not about living like the smurfs do in the t. v series either. well, maybe it might sound strange, but in 2014 architectural team, the living built this 12 meter high tower in new york city, but not with stone, bricks or concrete. yes,

you guessed it. they used 10000 bricks made of my celia. they're very inexpensive to produce. ah, they can be kind of grown and, and fabricated in all almost any conditions. i'm so they don't need specialized equipment. and then when you actually put these bricks out into the world, they're very strong, especially for their weight. but there are lightweight bricks. david benjamin headed the project and his associate professor for sustainable architecture at columbia university. the production of materials like concrete and steel for construction, are responsible for roughly 10 percent of the world's carbon dioxide emissions. blue, on the other hand, crop residues all around the world are often burned in delhi. for example, this contribute significantly to the city's air pollution in the winter. this is

the alternative for the tower crop residues from corn fields were seated with a fungus, which feeds on them, placed in a mold, the fungus, my ceiling, m colonizers, it entirely within a week. eating up all the agricultural waste. it dries into a solid brick form, creating a new low carbon building material. the material is fire resistant and has excellent insulation properties, so it can hold its own against concrete. the same holds for polystyrene and plastic . plus, it's biodegradable. the brick simply wrought when the house is pulled down, i can imagine scenarios where people all over the world ah, sometimes in the resource constrained environments are growing their own bricks and it's totally viable. the bricks aren't as firm as concrete. however, by combining the my ceiling am with other decompose the materials like bamboo and

designing a framework to distribute stress evenly. scientist from the university of cosmo showed that concrete advantage can be mitigated. mm. one of its biggest challenge is, is ah, durability. because this is a material where it gets damaged or caught, it has the potential to absorb moisture. that means to make it a realistic approach for housing. future homes would need different layers using our mushroom bricks as the core of a wall. but protecting them from moisture damage from the outside. mm. okay, them. celia brakes aren't firm enough to build a skyscraper yet. but for low rise buildings, they could actually work. the idea of fungus housing is still at an early stage with examples more likely to be seen in art exhibitions than in neighborhoods. but

the potential is huge. fungus thrive in almost every region and in any climate. and with our growing population, the need for affordable and sustainable housing is growing as well. fungus bricks could be a local and easy means of meeting these demands. with accelerating climate change and pollution, putting increasing pressure on our ecosystems. methods to tackle its degradation are becoming more urgent than ever. ah, one way or another phone guy will play a decisive role there essential to the health of our planet. we just me to make use of their secret powers ah. sustainable and effective farming methods could be a game changer in the fight against climate change and help combat the rise in poverty in ghana for example, coco farming is a mainstay and cocoa is the country's most important export product. some 1600000

people work on cocoa farms, but many of them live under precarious conditions. the work is hard, but often the farmers still don't earn enough to feed their families. our reporter, gallant fun, i entertain, went to western, gonna to find out more out of my food. any is checking the condition of his cocoa trees and removing excess shoots. he wants to get his plantation into shape. important visitors are on their way. a scientist from the state cocoa authority, i said you'll be coming by today i ago was that oh my to day i'm thinking with just a few glances are most cordial. why sees what adam of who sydney has done wrong? for starters, this fruit, a squirrel, nibbled on it,

that farmer should have chopped it off immediately. now answered eaten the cocoa beans and are threatening the other fruits too. and there is another problem. this, it is 3, these 3, thanks a lot of water from the soil. as i mean you cut to the root of it, you see a lot of water coming out of it. is that during the addresses in order, as you said it leaves, which means is very good to proceed for the coordinate resident. but on the other hand, because it takes too much water from the soil, it is computing for water and nutrients widow who plant the fact that the soils water balance could be a problem is new to adam of whose any he only thought about the shade. his coco plans needed he learned about shade from his father orlando's manu, a cocoa farmer who rehabilitated his farm with the support of a dutch and g. o. when he saw his father's farm taking off, he decided to quit his job as a teacher. lot i see

a lot of enrollment as well. my flies were to get food to feed the family and a saudi food i. he says when we looked at my son there comes roaring, come for, for the family and running dad. an army. when i try to do to full family, it usually takes a young coco plant 7 years to bear fruit in order to bridge the time until the 1st harvest out a month we seine, initially bought 3 cows. today he has a herd of 17 animals, and he said i would discourage on. i was about to going to fun because some of my colleagues where every life natalie. bye since i started cesar, now improve. i remember to get a letter in come from the coco farm and i'll discuss her too. if i'm so there may be life could get better for me in the near future. back to the cocoa farm, almost coach or choir, examines the right cocoa pots. it's adam of who's and he's 1st harvest. the

scientist divides the fruit into 3 groups based on quality. this also let him make predictions for future yielded a her, okay. a look are back with about 84 kilograms. so if is it will get at it of them are from next year on was as if i'm ages, we come projects that the farm is going to do very well with our people. however, you know them of who's and he can only achieve this goal. if he manages his farm flawlessly, almost cojo quite shows him how the trees have to be pruning to look. so they have all the energy goes into fruit production and warns against the use of pesticides sadie close to the t v. now we have taught their cocoa farmers in ghana not to use we decides any more because we decides where destroying the soil is what is making us well head if it was killing microorganisms that make the sway loose ends and good. instead, he recommends applying compost. a facility is being built just

a few kilometers away. production is scheduled to start here in just a few weeks. and the developers have come up with an interesting payment model for the farmers. the farmer, the old in the rural household, their father will help from his eyes. bryce. yes. and we also have a credible mode of payments. i closed the book was easy was i know you guys have money medical gazande. we need to be as, as aware that at that time they compete and during the offseason to become coveted without fertilizing the soil with compost alone is not enough though. climate change is presenting coco farmers in western ghana with new challenges because of drought. this farmer water's his 12 acre farm by hand every week august and the google. but i'll as it or die because of the how much i owe to my fusion. his

father has it easier now the dutch n g o. as in v, like drilled a board hole on orlando us morrow's farm and installed a drip irrigation system, a pilot project for the region. it says new toilet some people from s in v installed this water from warming. it was free. i didn't pay anything, not one city, and i didn't have to worry about food or where the workers would sleep. when they were finished, they just handed me the soda machine. i never would have expected anything like that. when i asked for an estimate of the costs, i was told $21000.00. i wouldn't have been able to come up with that. even if my family had sold everything household dollies, orlando us mano has to take care of the maintenance of the wealth. and give some of the water to his neighbors by using this irrigation system, the cocoa can grow and ripen all year round, and production can be increased by up to 50 percent. if i have a set of goals for any financial support assistant avelaire,

happy to have one in my phone says, or da, distribution system co co famine becomes very difficult in the capital acro. the state cocoa regulator, cocoa bod, knows irrigation is critical. officials want to increase annual yields by $50000.00 tons to a total of $1500000.00 tons without clearing more jungle and without using boar holes. bo, who's doing and rises in it and yield much based on we are going to use streams and perry now what vessels seems reverse through re of lucas to do serious and remembering to do for now. 4000, this theft integral round 500 kilometers away in silver crone adam of hussein, ease home village. the farmers are discussing how they can benefit from the program . and if anyone wanting in irrigation system from coke about who has to pay back their costs over a number of years, which can be

a big challenge for one individual, we're all of our youth here knows i will who pharmacy i so does that as you put out the asset into groups, it will help us creating a cooperative. but until then, adam of who seine is trying to get as much out of his plantation as possible. he's been given compost and hopes his trees will continue to be strong and healthy. and that's all from us at global 3000 this week. thanks for watching. and we'd love to hear from you write to us at global 3000 and d, w dot com and check out our facebook page 2 d, w global ideas. see you soon take care. ah, with

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