in similar fashion, other states did not indicate that they would want to bring these forces to higher alert and it was good to see that the un general assembly session yesterday a lot of states cold. ready about move, introduction of nuclear weapons. they called it an acceptable and you're responsible. and i think that should be of the message. the reaction should be that nuclear weapons should not belong to, to any conflict in fact, but differently. they should not be anywhere clear of this conflict. ok, here we are with russia having invaded a sovereign country. it is now at least sending a rhetorical signal about it's nuclear weapons. what can be done by the west in this situation to de escalate? what's happening and perhaps bring about say, 8,

some sort of solution that doesn't involve further bloodshed. well, that's a, that's a very difficult problem. and i, i think since, as you said correctly. ready we are dealing with the you are in states here it's everybody. ready shoot, try very carefully because they are, as they said, there are possible unexpected and unpredictable developments here. and we would think that a use of nuclear weapons is on conceivable. but then this whole invasion was inconceivable. ready just about a week ago. so i think the message should be very firm and clear. ready and not just from the west, but from other countries as well. that these a responsible and acceptable to waive your nuclear weapons

around the way that russia did have a public, an expert on russia's nuclear capabilities. thank you very much for talking with. thanks for having me. you are watching dw news from berlin. if you're just joining us, we are delivering special coverage, extended coverage on the war in ukraine. the united nations says more than 500000 people have fled ukraine since the invasion began. and the agency says that number could rise to 4000000 in the coming weeks. the majority of refugees have so far headed to poland shelters have been set up there along the border with ukraine. this report comes from fred jen, and sean, where ordinary polish people are giving the arriving refugees a warm welcome. ah, they've just arrived at the pajamas. you'll train station in poland. more and more

trains are bringing refugees from the neighboring war zone and ukraine. this is the last stop for the train from live. mostly we see women, children, and the elderly exit. the train, ukrainian men between 18 and 60 who are fit for military service are currently not allowed to leave the country. it is heartily very hard, especially for little children, but somehow we did it and we're here now. i am glad for the children, but i am very worried about the family members who decided to stay in ukraine prevents with us. we are so grateful to the polish people who are helping ukraine putting is a sick man. something is wrong with him. if he were smart, he wouldn't have begun the war on the 1st place. we're living the 21st century. in us, put in a teaching. things are busy at the train station, but helpful people are everywhere. please make room for the travelers who are about

to arrive from ukraine. please move aside. volunteers give the refugees food and every day items they might find useful in the main hall cots have been unfolded so the ukrainians can rest and possibly spend the night. outside the station, volunteers offer the newcomers a free ride to the next city. they take them to kind of each a cracow or even berlin for young people, i can give 3 people a ride. for example, a woman and 2 children. i am willing and able to help. poland is well prepared for this stream of people. for weeks they've been following government orders to set up aid centers like this one called ukranian house. it is now a welcome camp is in the mail when you call, if these people have no family to take care of them,

we register them when they arrive at the meeting point, which is out of the government has arranged for transportation. i suppose they can stay here for the night, or as long as they want to know at all. cool, the technology is up. no flag. we do this bundle. we spend a minute just with dollars more as raging just a few kilometers away. people here are fully aware of this, for many sympathy for the refugees is mixed with the fear of what might come next spring and chris meltzer here, he's a senior spokesperson with the u. n. a u. n. refugee agency, the you and hcr. a joins me from shutoff, near the polish border with ukraine. thanks for taking time to talk with us. chris described for us, the refugee situation in and around ukraine. what is that not changed in the last days? so we still have these as long, long lines of cars on the border crossing points 1520 kilometers, and more. the people are still waiting by freezing temperatures, by the way,

in the cars for 3040, sometimes up to 50 hours and even more. so the, the people are coming and you mentioned that they got more than 500000. meanwhile, we have to estimate, it's probably more than the sun, the thousands who didn't alone yesterday reported 330000 refugees from ukraine. has europe ever seen anything like this since the 2nd world war? well, i don't think so. of course everybody remembers the situation 30 years ago with all kinds. but these, these 500550600000 people were talking about this is within 5 days. so this is really a situation, this is unprecedented, at least for the part of our generation right now. but we also see so much so much . so darren t in so much too much help so much support here. that is also actually

a great time for this generation. so you're seeing a lot of support there where you are in poland. but of course, there are many, many people displaced with in ukraine itself, or the refugees, they're getting the support they need. well we, you and hcr. we are still there and we will not least, we have about 120 staff members ukraine. we have to do that, things we call quarterly, i can sleeping back, sleeping, matt blanket, jerry, can you hygiene women diapers, but very important thing. and we also try to, to good about protection. so to find accommodations, but of course we're talking about, i said 120 staff members were talking about situation with 42000000 inhabitants in the country. and we are terribly under. so we have only 9 percent of the need

to asian. so that by it is very limited. unfortunately. what are you expecting in the days ahead, chris? well, you have mentioned the 4000000 figures. nobody really knows how many people will come, but they are still coming and still very cold. the people who are coming like it was caught mainly women and children. i for young women changing babies on the, on the frozen ground. they had no other choice off and people are coming as pedestrians over the over the border. so the situation for many of the people who really desperate, especially since they know that they have left behind last once than ukraine, and i'm afraid these people will need help for a long time. chris, thank you very much for talking with this was chris mensa,

senior spokes person for the you and hcr you are watching d w. news coming to live from berlin. if you're just joining us. this is an extended special on the war in ukraine. my name is terry martin, let me bring you up to date on the latest developments in russia's invasion of ukraine. it is day 6. russian troops are continuing their advance on kip satellite images appear to show a convoy of military vehicles stretching more than 60 kilometers. just north of the city, the congo includes hundreds of armored vehicles, tanks, and artillery. it was reported to be about 25 kilometers from ukrainian forces have held off earlier attacks by russian forces near the capital destroying several russian vehicles close to the city center. air raid sirens have been sounding in kia in recent hours. on monday, russian forces bombarded ukraine's 2nd bit biggest city hockey,

destroying dozens of residential buildings. ukraine authorities say at least 9 people have been killed in the ongoing attack there. ah, an onslaught in her chief, a city with 1500000 residents. ukraine says russia targeted residential buildings with volleys of rocket people and a maternity ward forced to flee to a bomb shelter. a very ukraine's president has condemned the bombardment calling for it to be brought. the 4 an international tribunal are seen to day. russian forces brutally attacked harkey using rockets. clearly a war crime, peaceful, city, peaceful residential areas, no military facilities, dozens of eye witness records prove this was not a mistake, but the deliberate destruction of people, the russians knew where they were shooting with the city lead. moscow denies the

accusations ever more civilians are joining the fight to push back russian troops from our keith. we have much as it may have 6 children at home and a wife or i'm from kirk eve. the day before yesterday i decided to take up arms and protect my city. and yes, i knew when i made my decision, of course my wife and my 10 year old son cried my eyes thought they tried to stop me from joining the fighters vehicle. but finally, they understood, gosh, it's our land that we have to defend. we can't back down so much. will you? you thought ukraine is also inviting foreigners to fight for the country as it braces for a new phase in the war. d. w, correspond mathias bellinger is in central ukraine on his way to live. oh, good to see mathias. we just saw harrowing pictures from ukraine, 2nd biggest city khaki. what are you hearing about the situation there? yeah, the city has be shelved and

a lot of residential quarters have been shelved her. that's what we're hearing their pictures on the line with dead bodies and all the damage that has been done. rockets hitting, hitting apartments and, and it seems to be very dire. fighting, i think has been going on for a long time there. and it's one of the, the worst places in this war so far, the very worst place in this war. so, but here's what can you tell us about the situation in the rest of the country are russian troops continuing their advance yet is heavy fighting everywhere where the russian troops have entered and they have made some territorial gains. however, resistance is also fierce and a lot of ukrainians, as we've seen. it also are joining the army or the emitter territorial defense, the, the air, the amateur battalions that are supporting the army. and so far,

what we see is that, of course, russia has more troops has more military equipment and is advancing. but it's not advancing as fast as they might have hoped. and at the moment the ukrainians withstand very well. but russia has also not deployed many of their troops now talks took place yesterday between ukrainian or russian representatives. did those talks achieve anything mathias? they did not and nobody expected them to but they have to go on foot for of course no side would, would, would reject these talks at this stage. but i mean the jake is very clear. a country invades another one and then it offers talks after 5 days. what can they offer? do they offer to withdraw or sorry, we came here and made a mistake. we are going now. no, that's not what they came for. they did not make a substantial offer, they re iterated their demands that had they had placed before the war. and that have led to this incursion of a demilitarization as they call it,

of ukraine. our country under attack will of course more dim demilitarize unless it surrenders, and that's absolutely not the mood in either in the government nor the army, nor the population. we saw in our port harmony, ukrainian civilians are joining the fight. tell us more about how that works. is the military handing out weapons to anyone? yeah, we've seen that in some places in key. if the military has handed out weapons to the population, to meet the invaders if they come to the city. but they're also more orderly, a ways to join the, the forces, if you are not a conscript. if you don't are not enlisted in the army, you can enlist in the army as a, as a person who has, who meets the requirements in terms of physical strength and health and, and everything. but there are also ways to join other parts. there is the so called

dead territorial defense battalions. these are people who are less trained militarily and who are not, are supposed to go to the front line to fight, but to support in the hinterland they might be standing at road blocks for example, or a securing a strategic places. they also have of like a very basic, but very, very basic military training. they might know how to use a gun, what they don't usually know anything about military tactics or so. and their, their job is to keep, keep, or did you free the resources of the army to keep the just somebody passed and he said glory to ukraine and the, to, to support the army in these ways. and he has thank you very much for your reporting. that was our correspond mathias billing, other reporting from central, your ukraine. turkey says it will block russian warships from the key boss for us and dod, annella's straits,

prohibiting access for naval vessels to the black sea. the montoya convention of 1936 gives turkey the right to bar warships of quote belligerent countries and quote. from the 2 straits, several russian warships have sailed through the straits. in the past weeks, turkey said it was closing the waterway to prevent an escalation of the war. here's turkish president ret of time out on speaking mon through. so this miss in, in, we are determined to use the authority given to us by the montero convention regarding the marine traffic in straits to prevent an escalation of the crisis lunmark head out on the head as we voice said, we are in favor of respecting ukraine sovereignty political unity and territorial integrity just didn't miss in done. eunice was jealous, we see rushes attack on ukraine as unacceptable and appreciate the fight of the ukrainian people and administration. they're all good and that the image ideally

talk to you to do is cross straight over to our correspondent jojo hahn who is standing by force in istanbul. eulley it, tell us more about the turkish president's announcement. what exactly has he decided? well 1st of all, and it's not so very clear right now, which kind of impact turkey's decision the president's decision will have on the conflict they are on, on the war, but it certainly sends a strong message. we heard the president talk last night, but we also heard turkey's foreign minister millard charles shall say, and let me quote him a here in turkey has alerted both countries of the region and elsewhere, not to pass warships through the black sea. we are applying them on true convention . now you have mentioned that international treaty from $936.00 already them on true convention. it usually governs the free movement of commercial ships through

the darden els and boss burrows traits in peace time. but it also grounds turkey, the right to limit to stop warships military vessels in times of war. now, turkey has been kind of hesitant to refer to the conflict as officially as a war until sunday. that's when they changed their authority. they had previously always been talking about a military operation. on sunday, they suddenly started calling russia as a sold on ukraine, a warrant that legally paved the way for the move that we're seeing now. but of course it remains to be seen. what will happen if a russian warship attempts to pass these 2 waterways on it on their way to the black sea? what will turkey do? that's the big question. ok, so a real see change as it were with turkey, adopting language that russia does not like to hear. we're describing the conflict in ukraine as a war and not just

a military operation. that is an important development in itself. what we're looking at 2 specific waterways here that turkey is blocking our with respect to russian warship saw the dart in else and the boss for us. how important are these waterways? so they are strategically very, very important. and that's why ukraine had asked turkey already on the 1st day of the russian invasion to close these 2 waterways, 2 russian warships. so they cannot send reinforcements to the black sea. the daughter nells and the boss for straits are the only way in and out of the black sea. they connect the mediterranean with the black sea. russia has its black sea fleet over there. a number of warships that as far as we know, are being used in the a full to on ukraine right now. so there is an interest there from ukraine for

turkey to block. the passage of worships russian warships. it is also economically a very important, it's important for agricultural trade for oil trade, russia and ukraine together. let me just mention that figure account for more than a quarter of the global trade in wheat and about a 5th of corn. and that trade was completely thrown into chaos when the russian invasion started. and ukraine had to shut down its ports in the black sea. so it is a crucial region geopolitically, economically turkish prisoner russia party one. he said that turkey will neither abandon ukraine and nor will bounded neither nor ukraine, nor russia. what does that mean? well, geographically you have to know the turkey shares the maritime border with both countries and turkey. the turkish government has cultivated both good relations,

economically and politically, with both countries, russia and ukraine in recent years. and that has brought the turkish president in a very delicate position. we have seen him in recent, a weeks and days trying to balance turkey's interests and obligations towards if the ally ukraine. turkey is a ne, to partner it has sold combat drones to ukraine with on the other hand, it's ties with moscow because the turkish president knows that he cannot afford an economic fool out with russia. turkey depends too much on trade with russia on energy supplies on the agricultural trade on russian tourists, even so there is a lot at stake for the turkish government. and that explains the language here that explains why turkish president is so keen on emphasizing that he won't abandon ukraine, but also russia for let you go. you just give us a quick idea of how turkish people are reacting to the war, the new crew. well,

what we haven't seen here in turkey, in the big cities are protests in support of ukraine. for example, as we've seen in berlin, where tens of thousands of people took to the streets of recent days to express their solidarity. we've, we haven't seen something like that, but what we do see is that there is a lot of media coverage. it's one of the top topics here on most of the television channels. there's a lot of life coverage from ukraine and from russia as well. but i, i guess the public doesn't take a clear stance here because of the political situation and because of the balancing act we've seen here by the turkish government. but of course, we've seen a lot of commons also on twitter, on, on social media, but no larger protests, only small of protests organized by ukrainians, mostly living here in is temple helio. thank you very much. our correspondent jojo

hunter is stumble well, your relations between ukraine and russia are obviously now in ruins. but it wasn't that long ago that ukraine had a pro russian president. his look at how ukraine's leaders turned away from moscow . 8 years ago, vladimir putin had a friend in t f. president. victor young coach having pro russia president was very important for russia man that a lot of the forms look installed. it meant that any union with the west would not be possible. and in 2013, when young coverage refused to sign an association agreement for closer ties to the e. u. the people rebelled. scores died, hundreds were injured in the might on revolution. yona coverage was ousted and a new pro you government formed the kremlin,

answered back with tanks and annexed ukraine's crimean peninsula. moscow also through its support behind separatists, in the pro russia don baths region war broke out. as the 2 eastern provinces don yeske and nuanced declared independence, european leaders brought the 2 sites together for the mince peace accords. but the war ground to a stalemate, a development far from the battlefield, also spiked tensions. in june 2015, russia announced the nordstrom to gas pipeline. it's route under the baltic. c would bypass ukraine, meaning key f would lose billions in transit fees. another turning point in 2019 with blood em year zalinski as ukraine's president. he vowed to restore the don bath region and renewed calls for nato membership. see barclays,

did many leaders hints slightly that ukraine shouldn't take the risk of talking constantly about membership of the alliance. because this risk is connected to russia's reaction, most of them, but that was a red mine for moscow portrait of a nuclear. no one thought that if ukraine create such threats for russia, we create similar threats for herself. what to do it for sure, but also got the route. it was one of proven justifications for the russian to build up around ukraine's borders. but unlike 8 years ago, ukraine is a battle hardened nation that's bowed to resist. you're watching d. w. news from berlin. just a quick recap of what's happening in ukraine on the ground. russian troops are continuing their advance on the ukrainian capital, kia satellite images appear to show a convoy of military vehicles stretching more than 60 kilometers,

just north of the city. air raid sirens sounded in the capitol early on tuesday morning. you are watching dw news from berlin. i'll be back in just a moment with more coverage of the war in ukraine. i'm terry martin. thanks for watching . ah, ah. with

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ah ah, this is dw news coming to line from berlin. russian forces close in on chia satellite images show a 60 kilometer long convoy just north of the city. ukrainian forces have managed to fend off russian attacks on the capital so far. also coming out rocker its brain down of keith, ukraine's 2nd largest city is bombarded as russia, adults seizure tactics. authorities say almost a dozen residents have been killed and hundreds injured.