elation or part of everyday life for many years. why? because life is diversity. make up your own mind. d. w. lead for mines. ah, ah, welcome to global 3000 and insecure future, the survival of penguins in the antarctic is under threats. dangerous dependency. how russia's war in ukraine is worsening, hunger around the world, and far from home. ukrainians, fleeing the war are searching for

a new life in peace. rushes invasion has devastated much of ukraine. apartment blocks, schools and hospitals continue to be mercilessly targeted with the number of civilian casualties rising hastily, dug. trenches are serving as provisional graves for many of the dead. ukrainians have shown fierce resistance against the russian army with huge losses on both sides. while the men fight large numbers of women, children and older people have fled the country. that route is often dangerous with the high risk of being shot themselves. several 1000000 ukrainians have already left. thousands of refugees arrived from ukraine every day in berlin alone, including many non nationals who have likewise had to flee. all have suffered sadness and trauma. it can you have?

no, no, it's a weird shock. that's good. like all ukrainians who fled the war by not mutual. terrific. we're afraid put bunny to good for that. we heard the sounds of the sirens increase and the bombs fit in from one. your for the one bush is a beautiful boy turn 2 days. i couldn't believe i was in berlin. i couldn't understand what was happening. i was in a state of shockley. the floor of below shuffled socum, could them appear to be on the day. the war broke out atlanta. everyone ran down into their seller's, hulu, do of plymouth desert, under ground, with the noticed as if reason was when i hear helicopters, i think the wars come here. i'm sure it stays with you, you know, in aircraft isn't what it was when you were a child where you look up and think, wow me. now on you here in aircraft, anything you were at war was an aircraft,

his badge of poor hope. oh the co vault at the showcase. i always wish this shock this terror on any one. you know, i have no enemies. basically i get along with everyone in the court of but i wouldn't wish for the worst person in the world to perform and have to go through this. it's truly horrible. if it is it abortions rational because you can excluded them, get to it. every one in ukraine knows they could die at any moment. heard your moment. there's not a moment's rest or peace. i slept with all my clothes, all that could afford. could you hear the sirens did of the plains approaching and caused you to have somebody look at the look was sipping his throat not door is so scary when someone says something to you, i think we have understand anything this. see, it's like you're not there wishin as to the lot. lot of them are. you feel stupid

because it's such a shock and you can't understand what's happening of your soc is in your opinion, most popular for did yes. if our store got whatever happens, i think the russians will get their comeuppance. but asking that are dollars for the death of the innocent children and people in ukraine. now, grania enter shows a born a civilian visorio. history won't forget those people will remember how russia behaved and what they've done that for that was the fellow. oh, the groovy must the live was moore's mother a moment there was a low ball and we were able to escape was small clue. we heard the train station was a nightmare, valuable, so there were so many actionable and the men weren't allowed to leave. men aged 18 to 60, broke down and lied like little children, bly should cook marlyn kid. we've never seen that were raised to believe that men

don't cry you live, but with the fear of sending their families away to god knows where of who knows where of blood through him. you nibbling out. michael dog is legitimate to jasmine willis, and that should be quite honest. i don't even think about the future. i'll think about my grandmother who stayed in ukraine and i think about what's going to happen next in our country. did i want the war to stop on right now in your book this year? what does she do? you get your stub was good, a is a going to us why not? e, i'm so sad that my grandma had to stand on crass dollars and our counted to he of course was alika and she 1st cook this cover me problem. now we're trying god willing to forget our lives over there. a bit me a bull cultural title, thumb me, pablo. when we hope we can be open enough to accept this new life. the bureau,

north of ethan always in the war in ukraine is affecting parts of the world's already doped by difficulty in east africa. long running droughts and plagues of locusts have devastated harvests. this has left many nations reliant on food imports from abroad. wheat, for example, often comes from russia and ukraine. this year, prices are set to hike and supplies to dwindle. it's a painful side effect of our dependency on global trades. humanity has taken huge steps forward since we domesticated wheat more than 10000 years ago. now we, you satellites to forecast the weather and no longer rely on astrology. we use ai to monitor soil control past and grow healthier crops. we produce enough

food to feed 2 worlds. but why does 10 percent of the population still face hunger to day? the ones food and agricultural organizations sense the biggest threats to food security. our climate change and regional conflicts in 2021, a historic drought in the us decrease the grain harvest by 25 percent causing prices to skyrocket. heat waves, wildfires, flash floods and psych loans. put food production at risk all around the world. climate change is increasing the intensity and frequency of these natural disasters which have social and political consequences. middle easton and north african countries are highly dependent on import of particulary reads in 2010 when pete fire swear all around moscow. these then, russian president, negative degrees

a stall of grain exploit, and certainly the stopping of crane experts is not the reason for the arab spring. but it certainly was the trigger as bread price of spike than the bread prize is always a political prize. $26.00 countries import more than 50 percent of their wheat from ukraine and russia. for some, it's up to 90 percent. the war is making the bread prices sore in many countries, but in a world full of uncertainties. why don't countries produce all the food they need domestically? davi le, born from the international food policy research institute, says that resources are not distributed evenly around the planet. therefore, you off reservation. if you move people or you move vaudeville or you trade food and the peaceful way to do with that is that you create food. but this interdependency might have unforeseen costs. for example, egypt once the breadbasket of the vast roman empire now heavily depends on wheat

imports from ukraine and russia. 85 percent of egypt, sweet imports came from the 2 countries and 2020. this was not always the case in 2010, egypt only sourced half of its sweet from rushing you. and 20 years ago, none egypt relies on we imports while producing other crops like rice. the more you buy, the lower the price per unit, while initially attractive countries may become over dependent on only a few trained partners on the climate crisis and increasing conflicts prove once more, that governments must adapt a just in case mentality, instead of just in time diversifying food sources would be key, but soaring bread prices in the middle east and africa are just one consequence of the war in ukraine. the main problem we face is really how we are going to do with the filter crises that dr. digging bucked global of july,

and we're at russia and it's alive. remember, villarreal, ocoee exposures, solely filthy, iser microphone every what russia and bella rose account for almost one 5th, the fertilizer exports globally. the sanctions on these 2 countries will raise the price of available fertilizers, and this will in turn, raise farmers costs when no fertilizer is used, wheat harvests decreased by 30 to 40 percent. and this is similar for every crop. does that mean there won't be enough food anymore, but they say that very clearly there is enough food in the world for everybody that we have. people who are food insecure is a question of them being poor off social exclusion. dr. martin flick direct, the world food programs, global office, and berlin, which organizes food and cash ain't for people experiencing humanitarian crises globally be, afford ourselves to still weighs more than

a 3rd of the entire food production. so food insecurity is a meadow off, social exclusion, self injustice. experts said there are solutions to each one of our problems. says she geisha, for example, when by you use the fertilizer in the water in you dishonor. you saw that in the water, you could use much less fertilizer if use it this way. if mahan hulu fi of the un food and agriculture organization says that more than just sciences needed to end world hunger. there is no super bowl, it's harder and thick laundry alone would not take laura g, need a white policy. it meets the rights. eric you lation, ending world hunger seems to be more difficult than sending a mission to mars. as the problem has list to do with technology and more to do with fair distribution, what happens if fertilizers become scarce or overly expensive?

one simple solution is to opt for traditional methods. for thousands of years, farmers have been enriching their soils with animal or even human done. in many countries, human feces end up in purification plants because they can contain toxins and pathogens. for our global ideas series, we traveled to a small community in mexico, which swears by the benefits of so called human you up. so last lot, thomas villanueva is so pleased with the days harvest that he breaks into sung as he delivers the sample for the kitchen. their laughter are these yo, cathy, his wife liliana. ronda will used to prepare lunch after working out doors. every one is hungry. hello, and thank the water for watering. the plants was the compost for feeding van kilogram. the let. that composite was made from human excrement. all perfectly

normal farmer, thomas villanueva and his family, even at the dinner table it's know to be given. their salad and vegetables were grown with nutrients from human theses. on the edge of the small mexican town of tepper takes law in the state of mexico. the all entirely farm grows, fruits and vegetables. everything here is fertilized, exclusively with homemade human dung. nor thoughtless. gwinnett o to complete the cycle and seek lord comes from the earth has started yesterday and excrete out up what process of the the cust your the hear? the process of composting allows us to give back to the soil what he took from huntington boulevard. allah, deirdre lockerbie, so we complete the cycle and life continues the lobby that a, c, u they eat their own vegetables, but they also saw them at markets. all plants need nutrients to grow, especially nitrogen and phosphorus. all in t ali is

a fully organic farm. and artificial fertilizes are banned, thomas the new eva says they're expensive and bad for the soil. so he and his team invest a lot of time and effort, collecting excrement from dry toilets, mixing it with natural ingredients like stone powder or straw to transform it into a rich compost over a number of months. the activity of bacteria leads to high temperatures during compositing, that heat kills any pathogens, elk, our guy, philip, the name of that miss compost here is now ready yet, and it's most pleasant, like fertile soil, be of a fairly they used to grow various types of cabbage beetroot broccoli, fruit, and a whole lot more lead come to the small town of aka to pick in the state of morales here, architect says are, and your advert has also looked at ways of recycling feces. he decided to try out

something completely new to somebody here from okay, we'll go from there. this is an ecological neighbourhood that i set up more than 20 years ago. i wanted to show that homes can use dry toys and not pollute any water, you know, confirming that and i work in other words, toilets that divert the urine away from the feces and that are not flushed with water. these toilets are not connected to the sewage system, either labailey form, but here and lands in the front here, electric poop at the back. just out a bit of soil. it is all and that's it. either a lot of raw sewage and mexico flows directly into lakes rivers and the sea by something says, are on your bay. finds outrageous. he believes dry toilets of the solution and gives workshops, teaching people how to build and use them. but guessing people to actually talk

about it like is the biggest challenge, whether i mean it's like they're afraid of it, aka that his sanitation system forces people to think about the subject rather than just flushing it away. yoakam architechnical deal as an architect, i discovered that in my profession, water is seen as a means of transporting away feces and euro in the local mona. i found that terrible fits is so, but so my work aims to change this perception of water. now, i come yet is a perception, so see on the lower look, you're still in the isn't local. but what i'm doing is reviving the knowledge and understanding of water that our ancestors had. if they didn't see excrement as something dirty. but it's something that needs to be returned to the earth's window . ah, this ancestors used human feces and other organic ways to develop certain islands

known as channel pass used for growing crops in wetland areas. they've been used in mexico since ancient times on one she nampa on the edge of mexico city. lucio was to be, aga wants to keep that heritage and line latino classes from oil of book that she numbers are one rare example of how we humans have helped to promote life and biodiversity. so they're a very powerful example of how we can live in harmony with nature, not only are coming up with a live. he runs a regenerative farming project called our cut yetta. the idea is to grow organic, produce working as closely as possible with nature the produce as then sold to restaurants and mexico city. dry toilets are a must. here, there is neither electricity, no running water and that he dampers are protected areas. so waste needs to be dealt with. lucio was to be, aga sees the excrement that has been collected here as a resource,

as he no longer need to give back to the earth, what we've received the ship of food. otherwise, you get an imbalance leading to pests and depleted soil. these are out of efficiency us to fuel plans properly. you need to return all those left over back to the soil this on the born last, this polish. right now, they're only fertilizing fruit trees with human dung. they want to 1st make sure they can reliably filter out any pathogens, residual hormones and medication in the compost before they start using it for vegetables to back to the old and t only organic fun. thomas via new eva's customers, know how his vegetables are grown and they wholeheartedly approve like got got in the message. she'll know tampa has a bad image in our society, them both. but we know that this composting process makes it perfectly hygenic that amazon, that other gossip. and we always like to say,

says that with you never lose a harvison, but a go now must get glinetta. then michael said chuck this at the end of a cycle of giving and taking eating. and dick squeezing something that triggers revolves and elsewhere is seen here as the most natural thing in the world. just a few days ago, several research stations in the and talent take reported record high temperatures . the southernmost continent is shielded from warmer regions by the antarctic. second po, la current, a strong cold stream which flows around and talked. tika. so keeping temperatures down, butts, climate change is impacting. he at 2 and ice sheets are becoming more fragile. ah, setting off from the neu meyer research station in antarctica, snowmobiles carry the german scientists over a bed of ice, 200 meters thing. it's an ice shelf that ends

a few kilometers further on where the ice flows of the ant arctic ocean begin. mm. as far as the, i can see there's nothing but icebergs and emperor penguins living in frederick conditions at the southern tip of the world. marie charlotte room. there has been observing this colony for several months. the emperor penguins are currently rearing their choice in the icy conditions using yes . mm hm. so do they at a stage now where the chicks are relatively bank climates, often they get left on their own for quite a while so that their parents can go looking for food on land. they're starting to form what's known as a crash, where groups of chicks huddled together for more protection. more for been with us . this year,

the scientists have brought drones with them. they want to be able to map out the penguin colonies and also test how the penguins respond to the noise of the drones . isn't it so that some of the german environment agency has commissioned us to provide a baseline for drawing up guidelines for when drones can be used and how close to the penguins one block? because more and more drones are being used here. vaughn, non invasion, herman into league and off of the drones will also allow the scientists to determine the size of the colony for the 1st time. their numbers are currently estimated at over 20000. the 1st drone flights run without problems as of the, for any got it. they was less of a reaction than we were expecting. a lot of we thought a panic was one, but there was only a relatively small response as far as we could observe was in fact soon,

the emperor penguins come here every year after their hunting season, having stocked up their energy reserves, they breed their chicks on the frozen surface of the sea, the scientists say if the climate here changes it could threaten the emperor penguins, future div pickering colony. it's for this tangle in colony. it would be a major threat if the structure of the sea ice on which they bria changed the appointment for and on as of in, you know, if temperatures increase and the sea ice receipts breaks up earlier, all this, then they'd have a shortened breeding season, which is oh, no place at all to bring it all medical supporting her. and that could mean that the colony might no longer come together and reproduce hand on malfunction. he has his guns ruffled funds and couldn't such drastic changes are already a reality in other areas. climate change and rising temperatures means some penguin colonies have already disappeared from the ant arctic peninsula. the so called chin

strap penguin is among those affected with population numbers plummeting. the declines that we've seen are definitely dramatic. now will the continue that's? that's the question. are there enough? crill does the population stabilize and there are plenty of chin strap penguins in the world are not going to go immediately extinct in the next couple of decades. of numbers of emperor penguins have so far remained stable because temperatures in southern and arctica where they make their home haven't been affected as badly. but scientists are seeking to predict what changes can be expected in the future. that involves examining checks that have fallen victim to the harsh winter winds. alexander vin terrell from the university of air lang and is working on one of the world's most comprehensive, long term studies tutors and from looking so for so that these chicks presumably died 2 or 3 months ago. we can see that from their size since then.

they've been preserved in the ice microphone. it's not uncommon for emperor tricks to die young mills. the conditions here are just very hard to know how to be the one here. but the size of the colony remains stable. nature appears to factor into the infant mortality rate. the scientists are also looking for penguins that they tagged years ago was gps sensors. they want to know how far the penguins stray from the colony while hunting. using high resolution cameras, the scientists observe the colony throughout the year in winter, the entire colony huddles together to school that sealed from you mountain t. as notice each bird aims to expend as little energy as possible in the cold winter when they're rearing young, as well. so they tried to optimize their position in the colonies once before. so the fascinating thing is that they operate as collectively in a very orderly way without having a leader to tell them what to do. yes, avoidance,

collective systems being all penguin experts are concerned about global warming. the impact would be devastating if the see started melting earlier than us police. if we stick to the $1.00 or 2 degrees of warming agreed in the paris accord, we can save this species. if not, it will vanish by the end of this century at the latest hold. wall in exact prognosis is hard to make. but what's clear is sooner or later climate change is going to threaten the future of the emperor penguin. sanchez handy. but a nightmare for the environment in our web special we child the journey of such as sashay from the origins of the raw materials. it's made from to its end on the rubbish heap. we find out why the number of sasha is growing and why they're so lucrative for businesses. and so disastrous for our planet. find out more at d,

w dot com slash plastic. that's all from us at global 3000 this time. don't forget to drop us a line with your views, right? to global 3000 at d, w dot com and check us out on facebook to dw global ideas. see you next week. ah ah ah ah ah

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ah, this is the w news live at from berlin tonight, trying to wipe a ukrainian city off the face of the earth. that is how the mayor of mario bold describes what russian forces are doing to his city. he's also accusing the russian military of genesis. also coming up tonight, german chance or olaf shoulds says that albania and north macedonia should start talks to join the european union to protect them from the reach of pu tens, russia and prices talk to the european.