ah ah ah ah ah welcome to global 3000. by catch how over fishing is threatening the last remaining stocks of shocks and raised in the mediterranean carbon capture per solution to climate change or a dangerous adventure glass waiting for the rain

spot on weather forecasts for farmers. storms, droughts, floods, and wild fires over the last 50 years. the frequency of extreme weather has risen 5 folds, one of many shocking figures from the world's meteorological organizations. latest report, over 2000000 fatalities have been attributed to these events and weather related disasters are also inflicting a growing financial toll. the damage wrought world wide since 1970 is estimated at over 3.6 trillion u. s. dollars. climate change is accelerating the frequency of extreme weather events. but advanced early warning systems can now a lead people to potential disasters. and foremost can put such technology to good use to, as we see in india. like millions of

other farmers in india, ravi potty, dar wonders every summer. when will the monsoon come and how much rain will it bring? lavish gilbert again if that if i'm totally dependent on the monsoon. eddie burnham had a basement lady showed their money onto him without it. we can't do anything on our farm. kilman fossil was at them. they say by the short deer season, we can start sewing seeds until the monsoon begins. debbie wake up that climate change has made monsoons, unpredictable. without the southwest monsoon reins, there will be no harvest for more than 100000000 farmers in the country. robin patty, dar lives in john, a poor, a village in the state of madhya pradesh. for him, the harvests aren't just crucial for his own livelihood. the 38 year old and his

wife and gaeta sent their son to a boarding school and it isn't cheap. they want him to have more opportunities than they had only had enough. the farmer also takes care of his elderly parents. zillow, been in the unpredictable monsoons would jeopardize the harvests. isn't it evidently ravi party. dar needs to know when it will rain at least 30 days in advance. that way he can plow early enough, so the seeds are already in the soil. when it starts raining. the country's weather reports weren't precise enough. so he sought help elsewhere. online. oh, well, well, besides, he had thought i searched on google and found one of elena sort of the atkins articles. later i came across or e mail address mirror and wrote to her and she answered and sent me her forecast britney channel. next angle you on forward unit helena, so of the atlanta is a russian scientist at the potsdam institute for climate impact research. she developed

a simple model for predicting monsoons in central india when they occur. and when they end, the project is financed with money from the international climate protection initiative. will analyze data and the found door critical point on the indian subcontinent. if we comp rear door temperature one in east and gas during the year and another one in los pakistan during the year, we will farm said these are temperature course inter sick device one source. it's an onset of monsoon and central india. it's another type. is it is doable of monsoon if unbelievable, findings radi partied are relied on the researchers forecast and fairly well. the monsoon withdrew in the middle of october more than 2 weeks later than normal. but elena saw of yacht cannot predicted it would do so. 70 days in advance with

the farmer planted soybeans that can survive and extended monsoon period and it paid off his harvest was good. healthy july. the 3 that did it lays soybeans with stood heavy rainfall. cody, they suffered no damage, and i can have a good harvest. i was able to achieve that by choosing these soybeans and relying on elena's forecast. him get rid of jenco for logan as it benefit dilemma cor. but how many farmers in india know about soviet tina's forecast? and how did those who do find out about it? at this workshop led by the agricultural university in the state of talent, gonna farmers are learning how to survive in this era of climate crisis. they suggest that farmers use more climate, resilient seats and utilize more efficient irrigation methods. consultants also

inform farmers about elena, sort of jak in his forecasts by a what's up or e mail. there are more than 5 and a half 1000000 farmers in the state of helen gonna this is the india meteorological department in pu ne, the government's whether agency with their predictions of when it will rain and how much they help save lives. like they did during the ma harassed ra floods in july of 2021 though 250 people lost their lives. $350000.00 residents were able to be evacuated. monsoon whisper elena, sir of yet can i in germany is very thankful for the work of india's officials, especially for the data on air moisture and temperature that helped with her forecasts. sir of jak, tina is widely respected among india's monsoon experts. her predictions are welcome, but only as an input to the media or ology officials own models for predicting

rainfall. but they think publicizing them as a separate monsoon forecast would be problematic. a bit of a be confusion among the you, the which one to pick. so we have to gender in a one single output and to generate that one single output, i'm sure to know there are many really nice and we knew, i said, you know, many olean us, you know, to contribute this type of information. during a pause in the harvest robbie potty, dar has a zoomed date. hello at avi. hello, tony. how are you? it's so nice to meet you. i would like to tell you thered ma'am, are you a dealer ones when we return sward long done with at my door did. so i have been sued and it survived that in and micro outside sales. and my, i am about to earn my living. so would so want to hear this. thank you. bye ma'am. and thank you. but while the monsoon forecasts help people adapt to climate change,

they won't solve the underlying problem. was in lean problem of climate change, his ignition, and her the neat to it, he juicy emission and a safe our blanket all together. this is our main wool and it's our responsibility in front of our children with raleigh party dar and his soybeans have done well the season as they did last year with the help of a scientist in germany. the unpredictable monsoons are a bit more foreseeable. there's a constant stream of carbon dioxide entering the atmosphere from below. the main source is our burning of fossil fuels, such as oil, cold, and gas, primarily for heat and electricity. some scientists say climate change can only be

curved by removing c o 2 from the atmosphere and storing it on the ground. but is that feasible? we know we're currently pumping too much carbon dioxide into the air. but wouldn't it be amazing if we could find a way to suck it all up and send it back deep underground. turns out this seemingly cutting edge idea to capture carbon is actually decades old. the u. s. navy use capture as a way to clear the air inside submarines and space shuttle that filled up with c o . 2 from the breath of soldiers and astronauts. more than carbon capture technology is basically this c o 2 scrubber on a bigger scale like this plant in south india, 1st to polluted is sucked into the industrial system, threw into new fans after being cleaned for impurity as it is transported towards the absorption plant. where it is cooled and then sent through

a liquid solvent that absorb c o 2, which is then move further into the plan for processing while the clean air, which is mostly only water vapor, is now released. the c o 2 as later stripped out of the solvent and can be used to make other products like so the ash oh i do use to heat green houses or even as a fuel you can capture c o 2, right? the source of the pollution, like the indian factory, where they burn cold and strip the c o 2 out of the emitted smoke and diverted to the adjoining. so the ash factory. this is called point source capture, hundreds of pilots and small scale facilities and over 50 large scale plants around the world are currently doing this. then there is direct air capture where big fans sucked large amounts of polluted ad directly out of the atmosphere. 15 plans are currently doing this worldwide, but experts say the potential is huge. the better thing to do for the environment

of course, is to prevent emissions from ever entering the air. so companies are now working to inject carbon deep into the ground in a process called sequence creation. that can preserve the indefinitely. this is considered carbon negative, as it actively removed carbon from the atmosphere. we know from the arithmetic of climate that we need all of these things and we need as much of them all as we can get to the next 30 years. have to start removing about 10000000 tons of c o 2 every year. currently, direct air capture companies worldwide capture $9000.00 tons of c o 2 per year. but at the moment, it costs over $200.00 to remove a ton of c o 2, to direct a capture to scale up the industrial company said then need to be better financial incentives. these can come, i don't. the form of credit is offered by the government in exchange for removing the humble substance from the air. all when captured carbon can be traded at

a good price on the market. thus, it could also come from taxing companies that allow their carbon dioxide fumes to escape. in the absence of large incentives from government, all capture and seek restoration, companies are collaborating with, paradoxically, big oil companies. what do you need to think restoration? you need someone that you can store the carbon dioxide and one of the best places to store that is owed oil and, and where the owners of those asset, camby oil and gas companies. well, that's a very strategic rate for them to go down and use their existing asset at the same time, putting the captured c o 2 into the ground, builds up pressure and makes it easier for even more oil to be extracted in a process called enhanced oil recovery up to 88 percent of carbon captured and

sequestered at the moment is used to extract more oil. and this makes investing in carbon capture financially viable for these oil companies. fossil fuel companies can continue to admit, and we just suck up some of their pollution ways. there are many other problems with fossil fuel industry in addition to greenhouse. yes, there is local air pollution. there's water pollution permit on justice. and so finding a way to extend the life of fossil fuel is essentially find a way to continue poisoning. to keep the technology going, we need to ensure a clever combination of incentives for non oil companies. taxing polluters and pricing for you to hire sugar is a key ingredient in many favorite traits. that's too much is bad for all health, and it's production to also causes damage to the environment. one young woman from

acura in ghana has moved to the countryside to help locals learn new and better methods of sugar cane farming. adrea st. darko would never have guessed that one day her work clothes would look like this. she grew up in governess capital arkwright and studied business administration. now she lived and worked in the countryside. good morning. how you doing? it's been an amazing journey, but one that has been a roller coaster as well. and our journey started about 4 years ago, where i came here as a researcher and also asked the tour just just in the hopes of finding more about what sugar cane is all about, what are the benefits of it for communities within gonna ship if it's a major crop in the southeastern volta region,

and it's here that adrienne darko has set up a small production facility for a cannick fertilizer. that's ok. the chief component is sugarcane waste, which accumulates in great quantities during harvesting. farmers often don't know what to do with it. first, the waste just dried the charge and processed into fertilizer the name of a product here is 7 tariff and that means to make the new again. and here at testing poll, our goal is to empower farm is to grow food organically and also improve their soil health using more accessible and available organic. so blend or input during farming workshops are held as a small model foreign next door. 30 farmers belong to the network. here they can learn about sustainable farming. not just growing organic vegetables,

but also that healthy soil is good for the climate, because it stores carbons instead of burning. air, sugarcane whispered out on farm. we decided to a use. it's also gonna blend which helps improve the suave facility. so with this aspect, i believe that as a farmer, i have a middle role to play, which is fight in climate change. this is our main focus. it's mainly farmers with just a few hector's, of the land who cultivate sugarcane in ghana. they sell the product at the local market. it's often used to make sweetener and alcohol. 40 years ago she became production was still an important industry and gonna but all of the bigger factories have since closed down. one of the principal reasons was miss management. andreas darko wanted to find out more about it. she

specialized in agricultural sciences and decided to go talk to farmers directly. i realized that the culture was different. they had been used to conventional agriculture making use of a lot of chemicals and how they planted, how they prepare their land, burning crop residue in the fields is also a common practice despite people here feeling the effects of climate change. at 1st hand, there's been a change in the amount of rainfall and harvests are diminishing. the fires put a big strain on the already severely depleted soil. nature and supposed to work with us and to better alive, said theme of human, degrading it on a daily by burning it, by destroying the biodiversity and engaging in bad practices. um that put, put um that put the foreign on the floor in, in extinction is,

is just frustrating for me because we should be appreciative of what nature gives us. this community is located directly on the avo lagoon. an important wetland. the canals are used to transport the harvest and growing sugar cane itself requires a lot of water. it's an area rich and biodiversity, but the use of chemicals in farming is damaging the environment. and there are fewer and fewer fish. phillip thomas low and his father are noticing that to they own around 5 pictures of land and have a big family to support all the more reason for them to rethink things may be nor asperger's. i google, my fear is that if we continue applying chemicals on our farm lands, lamar, our children will suffer, and they'll find it difficult to cultivate sugarcane in the future. langoria warner,

adrienne darko occasionally takes a break from the countryside for a trip to acro in guns cities. urban farming is a new trend, hastened by the pandemic. audrey knows paulina from her university days, the software developer is one of 150 or so city dwellers who have their organic fertilizer delivered to their door. i plus on fees and for fed across you with that and it was like, i mean i learned about $15.00 or so of them and for face you with that and i had that feeling that ok, i am eating something. i love it, like it was that good. the countryside might be a world's away from the city. but audrey as darko enjoys her new rural life. she's the only member of her team to work full time for the project, which she founded in 2018 together with other students from the university of acura . they also develop the fertilizer in the university lab. she wants

many more farmers to become aware of its benefits. it would transform their mindset about seen waste as a resource, and giving them more knowledge and more urgent zeal to pass pass this information to their children, and grandchildren. adria stucco knows how to get her point across and has gained the respect of the farmers. now she's just financial back in order for the sub on soccer project to flourish in its full potential. i was saying in africa we go now to, to nicea where fishermen are in trouble taught has, according to an e, you study the mediterranean sea has seen fish dogs drop by us over the last 50 years. the vast majority of native species and now threatened by over fishing

visitors entering the town of r c. s. will notice a work of art that looks more like wishful thinking than the reality on the ground . precious you fishers and tunisia bring in a decent catch these days. many simply abandoned their boats and young people are leaving. when miss linden was looking at the current situation, i have to say that there was no future in fishing. i can only tell young people to consider a different line of work training job fisher these days is a waste of time. oh, you can't make a living theme. if he had the woman with your apple, from biologists from the national institute of marine sciences and technology and fox are looking for reasons behind the dwindling fish docs. the prime suspect toxic algae, which repeatedly turned the see water read. climate change, high water temperatures and rising phosphorus and nitrogen levels provide

a perfect environment for the algy to flourish. nader species such as sea bream, suffocate, and are dying off in huge numbers. on her i will not take her say this if we discovered that a toxic species of algae is responsible for this phenomenon of them indeed enough in 2019 there was a very high concentration of the algae species called korea bravest full on the need of all astir, said, cos wanted assume in 2020 it stocks this like he loa devany error, a need to be blood is not a per se, but this year that increased again in eva, eva, it was a live us ya. the luck, especially in the area around the corner of godaddy, we will add you, father. the bas wants to make ends meet with fishers, frequently resort to illegal methods, such as catching fish that are actually too young and small to sell like this swordfish. at the fish market in fox,

you also find cartilage in his fish like raise and sharks, which are in fact endangered and protected species. well as if there are more and more sharks on the market here in the past, there was little demand for cartilage in his fish. but in the meantime, people hewn sparks have become accustomed to them. and demand is especially high among younger people. elisa gilbert. annette bashir, sa. edi and need ultra betsy, are trying to reverse the trend. they want fishers to stop catching sharks and other endangered species. there part of the project med bycatch, which was launched 2 years ago and began with extensive data collection. oh, now don't good. we've collected a lot of data key which will used to make proposals on how to reduce unwanted by catch up of endangered species. and we're luck up for all of tenicia. vin,

the rapid load all due to the law, thin, easy need out rebel c has developed a good relationship with the fishing community and the port as are these he tells them about the research results and provides insights into the concept of close season. this is when the different species lay their eggs and can't be fished . oh, the evaluation of the samples makes it clear that fishing in the mediterranean must become more sustainable. one solution would be using different fishing methods. trawling can be replaced by long lining, which involves long plastic lines with sardine baited. hooks attached at around 6 meter intervals. met by catch plans to recommend this type of fishing. lynn filled up with the long line in and hook line fishing,

not the fish. i have the choice for larry barella and the fish that go for the bait . what am again called the the can in the others don't. it's completely different to trawling can em, which basically catches everything in the see if it was a copper said deborah, my little laugh at ben shoemaker is an advocate of the long line method. but to day he can't go fishing. the wind is too strong and the waves too big conditions are simply too dangerous. so he heads back to the harbor. preserving the ecosystem in the mediterranean will also require more fishermen like had been suca to switch to alternative methods. and not only ins are these, but across tunisia and along the coasts of other countries bordering the mediterranean sea. that's all from us at global 3000 this weekend. thanks for watching and don't

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