nato, except that just several months ago would have been a nonstarter now has majority support. russia has already warned finland. there will be consequences, but putin's war in ukraine also once considered, unlikely. it's a reality, and finland doesn't want to become the next ukraine. tonight, nato enlargement, fast tracked unexpected and all thanks to vladimir putin. i'm broke off in berlin. this is the day ah, everything changed. 24th of february. the public's reports for nato membership has short in finland. it's great news. about time, we stood alone in $939.00. we don't want to stand alone again. for us, us invasion local crane has altered european finish security environment. good. that it, it. so he, he is affecting that we are joining nato now. we cannot trust the international law

and order. we kind of constantly respect those every day before trust and routine. they're forcing this address also coming up and nothing can escape the pull of a black hole, not even white. in fact, black holes are not supposed to be things that we can see until now everyone. so you just have to pinch yourself and you like. this is the why for this that i have, i got like, you kind of forget that every once in a while and that's pretty amazing was whoever of you was watching on p b. s in the united states into all of you around the world. welcome. but we begin the day with the country make that 2 countries determined not to become the next ukraine. finland's president and prime minister have called for their country to apply for nato membership. sweden's leaders are expected to do the same next week. finland's application is expected to be fast tracked, marking a major change of the european security equation. one definitely not in the

calculus of vladimir putin. in a joint statement released today, the finish leaders, it said nato membership would strengthen finland's security as a member of nato. finland would strengthen the entire defense alliance. finland must apply for native membership without delay. finland's history with russia, an uneasy one in the 2nd world war. the fins fought off a soviet invasion, but they were forced to make painful territorial concessions to day finland chairs a 1300 kilometer border with russia. the invasion of ukraine has a majority offend, suddenly worried that their border could also become a front line in a russian invasion to point out neighboring sweden, also not a member of nato has also seen public opinion do a 180 in favor of joining. and despite finland's participation in nato operations from lebanon to iraq, to bosnia, it is also referred to as a neutral finland. well, that has more to do with public opinion which for decades favored staying out of

native public opinion has reflected that sentiment for decades. not any more. a recent poll out just this week, showing 70 percent 76 percent of people in favor, 12 percent against a u turn, driven by putin's invasion of ukraine. we stood alone in 1939. we don't want to stand alone again. every veteran who fought and survived the winter was that never, ever standalone again. i russia happy dreaded us so many times now again and it's, it's absolutely that we shoot at jade nato. it will give us a security nature of course. yeah, that's right. island that we, i, nature and i think that we should have at the nato already in 1990 s. m. i need the nicholas meisner. i really am really, really happy about that. then i'm being, it's a great thing because it's will bring more safety. the fin and against russian aggression

or russian president vladimir putin, he now thinks, is an expanding native alliance on his doorstep, the opposite of what he intended with the invasion of ukraine and the kremlin, has already issued threats in reaction hears prudence spokesperson. we have repeatedly said that the expansion of nato and the stationing of its military infrastructure close to our borders does not make the world. and most importantly, our continent more stable and secure. so much is clear wanted you. but we refer to the statements made by the president starting on february 22nd. he has said that russia will react decisively to any one who tries to interfere in ukraine. and the special military operation currently being carried out in ukraine by the armed forces of the russian federation. i don't mean l from brussels is our correspond. terry schultz. terry, it's good to see. you mean this is

a big deal. finland in sweden, moving to join nato, an unintended consequence of the invasion of ukraine by russia. the speed with which public opinion changed to support native membership after decades of opposition or complacency. i mean, it's dramatic. could anyone have predicted this just a year ago? not at all. brent in fact, even 4 months ago, possibly 3 months ago, you couldn't have predicted this because at that point, the finish her opinion in favor of joining nato was in the twenty's. it's something like 28 percent the last time it was measured. and then as soon as of latter mir putin invaded ukraine, this time it started climbing and it didn't stop in. it probably hasn't stopped yet culminating today in the decision by the president and the prime minister to come out for the 1st time expressing their personal views, saying the country should join nato. and as you heard there from fins being interviewed throughout helsinki, many of them finally saying now what they hadn't been saying in years past that

they believed that the country should have been in the alliance a long time ago. and we hear that finland and sweden could be fast tracked into native membership. but fast tracking this still means many months before nader's article 5 guarantees would cover the 2 countries or are they on their own until membership comes through? that's right, brent. the membership process will take some time, even if nato issues an invitation to finland and stay in sweden quite quickly after they formally announced that they're going to join, which of course hasn't taken place yet. we're expecting that in the next few days. but then nato will offer an invitation, but then every one of the 30 allies has to approve that through. sometimes the processes include going through their parliament and heading into summer that could take some time. it could be even up to a year before finland in sweden or formerly members. and that's the only time that the article 5 mutual security guarantees will apply. but being very mindful of this

and of course, hearing those threats of retaliation from moscow. several allies have reached out to finland and sweden and said, we have your back. don't worry if, if russia does try to attack you in some way during this waiting period, we will be there for you and don't forget that finland sweden are used to, to being in this neighborhood. and dealing with threats from russia all the time at a lower level, sort of cyber threats, disinformation campaigns, things like that. there is ready as any 2 countries could be to withstand this. and when you look at what is happening now, we've got the invasion of ukraine. now we're talking about new expansion. there was a time, not so long ago when we had some people saying, as we've heard them say before, that nato needed a purpose or that need or had an existential crisis. has this crisis hasn't reinvigorate the ally? all of us right? when, when russia seems to be a stable partner, i'm many people said, you know,

the reason for nato to exist goes away. well, that didn't last too long. taken on the continuum of time here. and certainly, when nato says at this point that it's never been stronger, that unity has never been more complete. that's pretty much true. i mean, no country wants to be on the other side of, of this potential iron curtain coming down. and that's why you see the fins and swedes scrambling to get in now after, after many years of saying they could, they could manage on their own. i think i've heard many analysts say that they do fear there's going to be a new division in europe, a new cold war. and yet nordic countries belong on, on the european side of that curtain. u. s. intelligence is now saying that voted reputed is planning for this war to be a longer rather than a shorter one. and that's not the prediction. anyone, especially ukrainian, refugees want to hear you've been meeting ukrainians there in belgium who have fled

the war. right. that's right, brent. i went out to to antwerp, which is the 1st city in belgium that is setting up what they're calling a ukrainian village. and that speaks to the length of time that people expect the refugees to be here. they're building entirely new apartments for these families altogether, not integrating them into the community, but presuming that they need the comfort of being together and that they will then bring in language lessons and other community activities to try to help them feel at home here. let's see what i found there in antwerp in the ukrainian village. little evelyn is world just got a lot brighter. i pretty, the 3 year old ukrainian says in dutch and her grandmother era agrees. up apartment is the value. very good, good. good. thank you. then good, then good lou, as the family is moving into a newly built unit in antwerp, ukrainian village. the 1st of several emergency housing centers to be built

throughout belgium era marvels at having their own kitchen and bathroom. after months in a shelter, things that once were normal can evoke extreme gratitude when war steals your stability. project manager, your anglin says the apartments are designed and furnished to make these families feel good. we want to have a fully self contained apartment, so everything that they need isn't it. the builders put up the screen symbolic of ukrainian independence to beautify the environment. while the village remains under construction, but the families we met didn't seem to see anything except a safe space to call their own. the projects interpreter alona herself. her refugee says it's an amazing feeling, even for her in one moment. from nelson to own houses. it's really cool. 6 year old, a chemo thinks so to his mother elisa can explain in one word with this apartment means for her family smoke boy the freedom for elisa and her best friend vida,

it's their 2nd time as refugees. they fled eastern ukraine when conflict broke out there in 2014. now they must start over again. such trauma is one reason antwerp authorities decided to build the village even higher in ukrainian refugees to help, rather than spreading them throughout the city. give them a good feeling that they are welcome here, trying to get them, at least together to come for to children, to have some a link with ukraine and all the other and integrate them in our city. but leaving the ukrainian village to act was the wider antwerp community will be essential to truly integrate and to find work, says researcher fatty yeomans, who's been working with ukrainian newcomers. so of course it might be difficult for them, but the government or the local authorities to take some extra measures to organize, for example, language courses or some other activities. but in fact,

the village is meant to be temporary. everything, even if sewage system can be removed, bart berlin says antwerp authorities will reassess geopolitical factors in the fall to determine whether the site is still needed. many ukrainians maintain, they want to go back to their country. 22 year old alika elise's daughter keeps a virtual eye on their house in keir every day. he says as grateful as she is for this antwerp apartment, it reassures her to know their home in ukraine is waiting for them to say that there was a great story and we can see there, we can, you can sense that the people, the ukrainians, want to go home, but do they see an end to this war any time soon? none of the people i spoke with grant could give any idea about when they were going back. they just said, that's what they're looking forward to. and that they believe their soldiers are as

brave as they possibly could be. but they were seem to be settling in for the long haul. the long haul it is or corresponded to results in process to not carry as always thank you. oh, we may now have the 1st video obtained by the media that shows russian soldiers, committee war crimes, in ukraine, sienna and the bbc have obtained footage from march, which claims to show russian forces gunning down civilians on the outskirts of keys . cctv cameras appeared to capture the moment that the soldiers arrived at a motor home dealership. a security guard comes to meet them as you see right there at the gate. and we understand they talk smoke cigarettes together before the soldiers leave. to then return and shoot the guard and the owner of the company the security guard survived the attack,

but later died of his wounds as he bled out of the out in his office. the russian soldiers then looted the show over i my next guest to nights is an advisor to ukraine's ministry of foreign affairs on issues of international criminal justice. he's also ukraine's agent in the i c. j. case against russia on allegations of genocide in the hague. i'm pleased to welcome to the program tonight. anton court in of it is good to have you on the program. tonight, i want to just get your reaction to the video that has been obtained by the media. what do you, what, what do you see there? good evening from good brent. well, actually it's no surprise we all hear in ukraine know that the commission of war crimes and the commission of crimes in particular by russian soldiers against

ukrainian civilians in the outskirts of ki, of, in butcher, in their being in storm as in danica. and actually in many, many other places, they are now being fixed and documented by ukraine, prosecutors by investigators from a foreign states who came here on the side to war, to gather evidence, to seek them the command, everything this so way things that sooner than later, a lot more of such evidence on camera by the national media or ukrainian media will come to the arena and we'll see more of the atrocities committed by the russian here in ukraine. this is a, this is an unusual situation. you have a war raging in your country, and you are about to put suspects russian soldiers on trial for war crimes. this is going to be a trial for ukraine's justice system as well. isn't it?

well, of course it would have been, i would say, a test and the challenge for legal and justice system of every nation. but this is what we need to do, and we don't need to wait for that till the end of the war till the end of this conflict. and this is a big task and challenge both for ukrainian prosecutorial authorities and ukrainian courts, but also for the international criminal justice system in particular for the international criminal court. because it is obvious that the biggest portion of cases against russia soldiers, of course, should be persecuted, hearing ukraine. but there should be the cases of, for those who are on top of the 3 of the big, big fake space cases. and they should go to the i c. c to the hague. so a lot of little that happened. anton, do you think that will happen?

i mean, i know you're talking about vladimir putin there. do you think that he will ever have to face just as for, you know, ordering this invasion what we need to do on the old that we can in order for, in particular, putin as his accomplice is still face trial. and for letting all this happen for committing a crime of aggression and there is an important incentive launched just in the end of february by prominence international lawyers and the ukranian lawyers. busy establishing the special tribunal for the crime progression against ukraine. so. 2 we are now working on it, and this is exactly the instrument which can lead to responsibility of the highest ranking russian officials for the crime of progression against ukraine. and i know that you're collecting evidence and it seems that the act of collecting evidence is,

is not particularly difficult. i mean, the russians soldiers, they don't seem particularly concerned about covering up what they are doing and leaving behind. do you get the sense that they are, they're able to do this? they're doing this because they think they can do this with impunity? well, it may be the case of, but i think there is also another issue. another reason why are they behave like that? this is their strategy of waging war. they are in general war criminals. every war in which russia participated brought a lot of hundreds and thousands of war crimes and cramped against humanity in georgia in chechnya hearing ukraine. and i do believe that this is really one of the instruments of waging war for russia to commit war crimes. but i

think that now this is a moment when they should stop feeling that they will not have any accountability, any response. and i think that this is, as i said, a challenge and the tests, both for ukrainian legal system and for international criminal justice on the trip to bring perpetrator to trial. how much support are you getting from outside ukraine for this? this is a herculean act for any justice system. where are you getting help from outside from western europe, the united states? well, of course we are getting support in particular, when about the international criminal court. 43 states asked the office of the prosecutor, going to open investigation into the situation of ukraine. so $43.00 states, acted up, women say on behalf of ukraine. yes. on behalf of finding justice for the victims

and, and, and for the message was to describe when we talk about the front of the tribunal for the crime of progression. we also do see the support from european nations, from prominent international lawyers who want to assist and to help as much as they can in order for us to establish that bureau. when we talk about ukranian national capacity to work with this cases, we see that a lot of states investigators, prosecutors police when you're to your brain, but we will definitely be following all of this and the trials that result. anton karenna, which we appreciate your time and your insights tonight. thank you. thank oh lou, astronomers say we now have a picture of something considered unseeable. today. scientists unveil you see it right behind me. the 1st image of a super massive black hole located right at the center of our very own milky way

galaxy. the groundbreaking photo is the product of an international team of scientists, known as the event horizon telescope collaboration. the black hole is named sagittarius, a star, and it's estimated to have $4000000.00 times the mass of our son. and is located is just around the bend, about 26000 light years from earth. give or take. so if light can't escape a black hole, we're not meant to see it, right. i put that to dr. sarah. i. so she is with the harvard and smithsonian center for astrophysics, and part of the team that captured this image let. so the black hole itself, we don't see, but what we see is the shadow, it casts on it on all the swirling gas that goes around it to the black will itself have all these gas swirling around it that it eats up or decked out and discuss

because it's rotating very rapidly around the black hole. it's very, very hot and it radiates and it radiates radio waves that we observe, but the e, it's t. and so these radio waves create this glow about we see around the black hole. and this black hole is actually inside this dark patch, which we call the shadow that it casts on to this. a swirling high gas is fascinating us, especially just to think that radio waves were taking those to making an image of do we know what is inside the black hole? what will the ever be able to actually look inside with, you know, the technology that we have right now we don't know what is inside a black hole and actually going to see what is beyond the event horizon is impossible as the, the description of the event horizon is really the point of no return. so even if you go in there and see what it is,

you wouldn't be able to come back out and tell anyone. what will it do? what would happen to us? i mean, this is for you all of the fellow space nodes out there. what would happen if we were to actually try to peer inside and go in. right. and so that depends on which black hole you choose to go in field. i. if you go to us solar math class, so very small, black holes are the ones that are about the math of our son there. if you get too close to the black hole, you get a get a fight you get stretched out into than spaghetti before falling into the black hole. but for super massive black holes like sanitary thar are famous for cement of a battle that blackland them. 87, they're so big, so large and so massive that you would just kind of float right in and nothing would happen to you. you'd this enjoy the view. i. yeah, i guess so if you, if you could make it the 26, what is it? 26000 light years away that you would have to travel. right?

yes, a fascinating. yes, it's a pretty long way. it's a long way. and what does this mean though for research now? i mean, i know it's an exciting time to actually be able to, to put an image to somebody that you know, we, we hear about what would this be the for moving further for research so, so the black hole at the center of our galaxy has had indirect evidence that it was there for a while. and in 2020 the nobel prize in physics was partly awarded to studies of orbits of stars in our galactic center. that had very peculiar orbits around this very dark and hidden compact mass. and we have thought a lot about what the specs could be and the best scenario is that it's a black hole. but that's always been in direct evidence that it is a black hole. and today we're actually seeing it for the 1st time. so today is really the 1st time we have direct evidence that at the center of our galaxy, there is a black hole, which is i think it's pretty amazing. i'm not only that you have now 2 black holes

that we can see. and these 2 black holes are fairly different in size and at their environment, they are in very different galaxies, both medi 7 inside a terrace, if our behaved very differently. and now we have 2 black holes, we can study, and i think it's really opening up a new laboratory for black will. astrophysics is really exciting. it's fascinating and dr. sarah, as that we appreciate you sharing your enthusiasm in helping us lame and also to understand the what's inside of michael. thank you. thank you for the day's almost done, the conversation continues online. you'll find us on twitter a, d, w. she can follow me on twitter at brent golf t. v. every member, whatever happens between now and then tomorrow is another day we'll see that everybody ah,

with i mean to missional liege in ukraine. 1000, some fun teams from abroad risk, their lives fighting against clinton's war. we a company captain from south america and saundra from new when a lot of bombing down on them lead to different return on certain focus on europe. next on d. w. ah,

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how climate change and environmental conservation is taking shape around the world and how we can all make a difference. knowledge grows through sharing. download it now, feel free. ah ah, this is focus on europe. nice to have you with us today. it's been more than 10 weeks since russia invaded ukraine, though poor and may have expected a blitzkrieg. his army is advancing slower than many anticipated meeting. a fierce resistance from ukrainian forces and volunteers from abroad are signing up to fight putin's army up to 20.