ah, from the gardens of ancient mister port team you to the field of modern industrial forms. we've been producing food for millennia. but to these patterns of consumption and production are harming people and the planet. on this edition of eco india, we explored efforts underway to help fix pro confused system. hello, welcome. some of that on food waste is one example of just how broken the system is. why millions of people remain under fed. more than one 3rd of the food produced global goes to west urine, india and estimated 40 percent is discounted. we visited and deli based start up that's rescuing food destined from the dump by transforming it into feed for animals. ah,

it's feeding dying all is dirty farm, and am bol the state of her young? farm? jaundra morn has been in the business for 40 years. he's mindful that his cows get new just died. the hell didn't stronger animals the better and more abundant. the milk eater is available yet the still can't them gaining, but now we have excess do a good feed supply while we get more milk using it and it keeps our animals heli. it said out of a lot of in a, of this for the, the suspicion it's made from food waste processed by the daily basis to start up gracefully. the company collect leftover food that it gets free of charge and that would otherwise be discarded from $700.00 locations and more than 50 cities across india. the company sees

that mix it the largest food recycler in the country. food waste is one of the largest weights the segments in india. and if you see the last 50 years, there has been work that has happened in plastics. recycling and electronic waste recycling or when it comes to food, which does not in any innovation. the last 2 years, the solution, the most popular solution to food waste that it, that is like, ah, most accepted form is composting or by i guess. but composter was an unsatisfactory solution for snack manufacturer to be honest. the company began producing healthy snacks from vegetables 4 years ago. demand is high and as production has increased, so 2 has the quantity of its nutrient backed graps. if i talk about doing that any, shall it is odd since though volume was not that high. so the visitors were very

live, but now they're of your playing in the volumes. now they're 5 percent expose and is enough volume and which has to be recycled. all you know. mitigated on may be put into the best use that again to the company. now bosses it's damaged goods on to westlake. that saves does not produce a disposal costs and supplies whistling with more of the raw materials. it needs what it feed production, newtons of potatoes are so dotted due to farmers as big feet. most other food raised is dried and ground done packaged and deliver to animal food produce when the, when he arrived to the facility, it, you know, it is offload it. we know we way it a by category to make sure that we are accurately over to what quantity of what category we have that is punched into the inventory that we receive. and depending on the nutrition formulation of the, of the product that we have picked, we would decide what is the end goal or that goes into catalog poultry, aqua,

or swine. and then we prepared formulation mixes, but the recycling of leftover food is still the exception in india, even though it saves money and protected again, $1.00 most raised to simply left rock as decomposes it consumes oxygen and releases methane, a powerful greenhouse gas, or g a g for short, oh, so for example, if lawson based was a country, it would have been the 3rd largest carbon emitter like gm, gm, and i only after china and usa. so if you look at the problem, it's huge and there is a lot of potential to reduce food loss in vase and all the emissions and everything that goes into its input food produces on suddenly to blame for the mountains of food list, 40 percent of the food produced in india is loss due to inefficient supply chains.

huge quantities of spoil as a result of long transport ropes, an inadequate ref address, social habits on supply room. for example, in india, in some cultures, deep breath were food left. otherwise it's lake not made enough. so they would want that they're still food on the table, but that can be taken care of it. but that's again, i thought you the issue converting food wrist and do animal font is one way to limit the garbage to date. westinghouse processed 5000 dunn's and the market is growing with almost 540000000 animals. india has the largest livestock population in the world. demand for dr. feed is greater than the available supply. that's life lead manufacturer shot. he has been buying additional feet from recently for the past 4 years to save on gone and grinned. cost in nor does better than oil.

also. if you are going to set vineyard, rashondra luna, in the marysville undergrad, energy in foster or neural we are using the oil. we're lou, and then as you're a lot of them we're yet it's nutritional value makes the feet of winning solution for gender. mon, the farmers, animals are healthy and happy and the father is cheaper than conventional bronze. well, as that report shows, food raised for many of us is an invisible process. that doesn't start in our kitchens. when we throw out anita left or was a spoilt produce, it begins out on the farms and in the fields where food is produced. that's where an organization and spin is focusing is efforts. it harvests perfectly edible fruit and vegetable rejects, and billy was them to food banks, adding nutritional value to handouts for the needy. it's all hands on

deck in this spinach field just outside barcelona. and i could ass and the team of volunteers are collecting all they can to day their efforts will supply many needy people in the region with fresh food sympathy, weiss k. wow. there's so much i can't really gauge how much. yeah. but it should be enough to feed $100.00 families or even more on the court must. and i could ask worse for the a speaker leathers. the glee nurse, the non profit organization collects left over crops after the commercial harvest on many fields in spain's catalonia region. this practice was more common before industrialized farming and the introduction of strict regulations. now it has been revived here by the s b will adults around 8 percent of the world's crops, i believe, to be lost at harvest time. the european union fruit and vegetables are rejected to fed too big or small and don't comply with appearance standards see out as that was

in god, but they were in the field of spinach that hasn't been sold on the market because there was not enough demand for it under, in don't they see? not the we, it was cool he in though. so if we wouldn't be harvesting the spinner generally element, it would go to wanting her to be in the se. okay. bassetti of the farmer would simply plow through the field here with his trying to get her to prepare it for the next harvest, but operate but audio got. so what we're doing here is removing the spinach. she's got to give it a 2nd opportunity. oh, but oddly enough, they will know what the lead up last year alone, her organisation saves over 600000 killers of fruit and vegetables. in this way, the water and c o 2 emissions invested in their growth were not in vain. the rescued produce arrives in this warehouse. it's then distributed to charities across the region. avid the economic fall out from the pandemic demand that's feigns food. banks has at times doubled. now rising prices and

economic uncertainty caused by the warn, ukraine are putting more pressure on the vulnerable gardening up on a phone to coordinate the deliveries at the warehouse in barcelona port a lap. lucky on get me. i'm actually the people who are most in need have the poorest diet, what going on? because in the end, the cost of food determines what they eat theater, but at ensuring that they're supplied with a minimum of high quality basic producing. it's very important for these people's health if they in let me finish how they qualify the volunteers activities helped build momentum for the drafting of a regional bill to prevent food loss and waste. recently passed, the legislation promotes the practice of cleaning as a solution. a similar law will come into force nationwide. as beagle, others found our media barava is proud of that. she started the organisation in 2014. now she also runs in operation on the outskirts of fossil luna, that produces its own brand of preserves,

made from food that otherwise would be thrown away to day. they're cooking a pumpkin recipe and apple sauce. people who work here come from disadvantaged backgrounds and have struggled with exclusion. no, but other than we begin yet, this is only a small factory left but not his than a key. but unlike in an industrial sized factory of people who work hair, get the chance to try their hand at different jobs area in every step of the production process back it up with a socket though, would it have if they, they can prepare fruits and vegetables and cook them their money, but i can learn how to come them, or how to rush on them. they must aloe they are the 5th, gather it's a spring board to future job opportunities that alina morales move from honduras to spain, hoping for a better future. 4 years she struggled. the job here is a lifeline. media about about and her team helped to obtain the work permits she

never had before. now she has a steady income or more meet on that with an immigrant. you don't have a lot of opportunities to work. you either work on an hourly basis without a contract, and they don't pay the same. or you just take any job whatever comes out without documents at all. very complicated. not only for me, but also for my daughter, but i almost gave up and went back to honduras city me landfill under the sun mountains to death in the past few years around 50 people found a job here. financing is generated for the sales of the preserves and state funding committee about about needs more soon. she wants to expand grammar for more. they don't embrace of yeah, we created a social business model that has 3 ames so here let's get the reduction of food loss mainly of vegetables and free element, the right to healthy nutrition for every one, but especially for those and a vulnerable situation. the but i pull that off before and we also wanted to offer

job opportunities for these people and get it out to me as i would i left off, but invalid went from i to miss projects as a model that can work. not only on a national scale, but also internationally that did one though, because in every city there were these 3 necessity as it which of the reason we exist on an existence that depends on plenty of helping hands. the people here are happy to be contributing to a circular economy and social justice was that all had people in the long run with our goal is to disappear daily. but that would only happen if the problem with food loss and the other social challenges we face were solved as if it was so that might be a bit utopian. he annoyed the galenas of barcelona, are likely to have their work cut out for years to come, because there are still plenty of fields with an abundance to share. sign to see the global food system is harling, the planets towards a climate disaster. not least because it's responsible for

a pod. all greenhouse gas emissions, capital, and other livestock produced the same amount of carbon emissions as the combined output of all the world's vehicles, terean's ships and airplanes. many people have quit meet with the aim of reducing their individual footprint. but as that report are discovered, dairy products have similar effects on the environment. though, there may be valid pleasing alternatives. to make cheese, you need milk and to make milk, you need animals the emit loads of greenhouse gas emissions and use lots and lots of water. i mean, really low cheese, but we need to talk about it. how hard is this piece of art freely on the environment? do i need to stop eating cheese and how the alternatives any better? and the best way to find out make some cheese yourself. cheese makers, paul and eula, have agreed to let me look over their shoulder for the day. paul used to work for large scale dairy operations,

but gave it up to create his own cheese. and here comes the milk. we just need a couple of minutes for about 250 leaders. how many liters do you actually need to make one kilogram take out? that depends on the cheese recipe. so it also depends on the composition of the mill work. quite lucky. here we are working with milk from jessica's base pairs produced not very high solids. the amount of mill that is use is actually extremely important because depending on which study you're looking at between 80 and 95 percent of cheeses, greenhouse gas emissions come from the milk. so the more not to use the worse for the planet. more than half of those emissions come from the farming process, because kaos other mil for using animals fart and breathe out methane again. that is $84.00 times more potent than c o. 2 at heating the planet. but milk from

different kind of animals have different carbon footprints, cow and buffalo milk have the lowest with 2.8 and 3.4 kilograms of c o 2 per kilogram of milk. goat and she milks impact is more than double that with 5.2 and 8.4 kilograms of c. o. 2, herb. so mega animals, pollute the planet. less per kilogram of milk. that's because cows or buffaloes just produce more milk than a goes or shaped, for example. and because all these animals are ruminants and pump out methane, jesus common footprint is actually bigger than that of poultry and even pork. more emissions than meat that is absolutely insane. but anyway, now that we got the milk, we need to heat it up and at some bacteria the go to day turning this into a gummy socrates. what we're starting here is a process called fermentation. the bacteria feast on the sugar that in the milk and

break it down. after a while, we add a liquid called rennet. this is what turns our concoction into cheese as it restructures the case in it, a protein that can only be found in animals melt. and yes, it really works. our milk is suddenly solid just for me to cut it into pieces again. and sonny law realised that $200.00 leaders of milk inquiry skirt. now we have to work quickly. the current needs to go into these moulds while it's still warm and be flipped after a couple of minutes after another 2 or 3 hours. all of these moulds go into the ripening room. a cheese makers, treasure chamber. the processing accounts for between 2 to 18 percent of cheeses, final c o 2 emissions. but of course, the longer you need to keep it at a certain temperature and humidity for it to become really tasty. the more energy

it uses, new day, another cheese maker. but today we are producing the vague, in our tentative and here cashews are the main ingredient. yes, that's the wonderful thing about cassia. we can make a nice mill from them if we soak them, clean them and crush them. yet this produces a smooth milk that can be processed into cheese alternatives. the way animal milk would be for normal cheese production up either for r bye that we had and con. and after high ground down, all these cashews bacteria cultures will be added to start the fermentation process, just like you would when making cheese from animal milk. they are all thought of ingredient forces alternative, su helman. oh, boy. and even olive oil and radians abundance of address to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions. water and las vegas alternative vegan cheeses are fairly new. so there aren't

a lot of studies on there and via mental impact yet, which is why we can only compare what it takes to grow the most popular ingredients, cashews almonds and the new kid on the block. oh, it's the dutch national institute for public health and the environment. compare different environmental impacts. other studies claim different impacts, but for easy comparison, i'm sticking to this one. making cheese emits way more c o 2 than vegan alternatives. one is the bacteria have started their work during the fermentation process. the herbs and spices are added to this version is what the company called chuck alika to become as delicious as possible. it goes through a similar ripening process as real cheese, where the bacteria continue their work. looking at the science though, it takes quite a lot of water to ro cashews. the dutch study found water consumption to be as high as 2000 liters per kilogram of cash use. but it's not just the number that's

important. the impact depends a lot on the region where the cash use are ground. does it rain a lot or is it a waters cast region, for example, in vietnam, caches are mainly grown in areas with relatively little water stress. but the opposite is generally true for brazil or booking our fossil. alrighty. and now i'm really curious how that is going to taste oh yeah, it has years mail and tastes a lot of herbs. the consistency is actually pretty similar to like cream cheese, but with her pin star as really read. all right, all right. all right. that was pretty good even for cheese love a, but if you want to go full out on saving the planet, go for owed based options,

but they are just starting to hit the supermarket shelves. now, real cheese will always be my number one, but i'll try to switch it up with some tasty alternatives. so if we can get me on dairy, what can me eat to save the climate? and in short, food security banks may be the answer by any, as all over the world i'm developing sustainable products made out of the larvae of black soldier flies in germany, it seems there's just one sticking point standing in the way of its success. the red tape of bureaucracy. it could be so easy. breeding harmless little flies to laying eggs which turn into maggots with a voracious appetite for food waste. and the larvae can be turned into tasty, high protein burgers. good for the climate and the environment. though it's not quite that straightforward yet. but 1st things 1st. welcome

to the lum shack of the black soldier, fly, a creature by the name her meteor. in lupin's highly cons is a superstar among fly farmers. he'd love to expand his farm and be part of the insect protein revolution. and the larvae are up to the job. they have a racial appetite and gobble up everything from food waste to animal excrement, and true latin fashion. their body weight increases 6000 fold and just 3 weeks. the problem is you regulations forbid the farmer from feeding them food waste. when, when la snow? yes, mark. if you're a pioneer doing something new or you're going to really enjoy what you're doing and be enthusiastic about it, what often you do, bumping the challenges in a lot, especially in the case of disruptive innovation, as you might find yourself facing regulatory hurdles against the you is concerned about the sanitary conditions of the larvae which live in their own feed and feces

. in 6 live in their feet, they live in their own feet. so you have to make sure that there is no risk of contamination between the feet which day if and the insect protein, which is the final product and which will be consumed. this is why they're currently fed on pink feed, but they will dish this up here is o kara, which is great for our young larvae. acora is a byproduct of tow for production for yesterday. and this is in the us. but there are more efficient solutions available, like in kenya, we're handling con, says also set up a fly farm with indoor plumbing, a rarity in many poorer districts. a startup has set a portable lavatories in selected places. the excrement is later collected and mixed with food way, a blend that's perfectly suited to the black saunter. fly larvae he lost and

found on july. the larvae are then fed to pigs and chickens life. if we've had this system up and running for a couple of years now, with 0 problems, and no cases of animals getting sick, i didn't even office cache tom despite its concerns. the you says it wants to promote larvae farming, which could be a sustainable source of protein and a meat substitute. nearly 100 percent of the maggots can be consumed, either by livestock or humans. there is far less waste than when pigs chickens or cows are on the dinner plate. plus the maggots shells can be used as a fertilizer or for making cosmetic products and even medications. you know that you've been, has a doctor, an action plan for a circular column, and we have adopted the for the farm to for strategy where we want to develop resilient and sustainable food supply chains. and one of the things which are being

assessed there is whether you feed substrates for insects are focused on former food stamps. could be considered as a source, a future. before waste can be used this way. the e wants proof that as a safe product as its own sklar, that we know that we need to deliver empirical evidence that it safely hunger synthesis will fail. but the e u is basically making that impossible because they won't grant us an exemptions. nomic naming off your greek, so we're being asked to provide evidence while being denied the means to do so. it was the community guys gave. we can only hope that will be granted exemptions at the local level, and that the you doesn't put a spanner in the works we often discussed on or sufficient her college. for now, i know the chances ground fly larvae can only be fair to banks and fish, but it all goes well. larvae could be the next big thing in the food industry

for has cultural, religious, and so side to list loss stud on it. and it may not be possible for all of us to make the switch to sustainable alternatives immediately. but the solution to every problem starts with an acknowledgement and acknowledgement from each one of us. that the way we produce food to be is broken. change begins here. think about that and i'll see you again next week. good bye. and thanks for watching. ah, with,

with the doom and gloom, showers time to get under the skin, our sensitive super old and to real mark. q come list facts and all load of tips that will work wonders, those who want to be in good shape. next on d. w. greedy

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around you. subscribe to d w documentary on youtube this week, so it's all about our skin and what we can do to look after it does applying cucumber is really make it less or i'll be better off eating more to monetize how many shall is. and bob out too many and how much attention should we pay to expiry dates on because my oldest and low on in good shape with .