hong d. w. ah, we've got some hot tips for your bucket list. ah, magic corner track hotspot for food chairs and some great cultural memorials to boot d w. travel off we go. ah, a flock of drones is lifting off carrying thousands of seats there on a mission to plant trees and help save the climate.

with in july 2019 researchers at the swiss federal institute of technology e th zurich made global headlines, planting trees could help mitigate climate change. they said, but it would require a huge number of trees to be planted worldwide. reforestation covering an area about the size of the united states a massive undertaking. but the idea was an appealing one, a promise to save the climate with a simple act planting trees. but the initial euphoria soon began to ebb. critics included scientists who called the idea unrealistic in germany, the university of barnes i called luling was one of 1st scientists to speak out,

skipped them some. i'm in the arab studio, i me go. there are a number of questions. the authors of that study need to address is all of that land actually suited to planting trees out. in that time they see a lot of potential in the taiga, in the tundra, in regions that are too cold. the trees yawn, they want to plant trees in the savannah, which is nothing like a forest. a savannah has lots of grass, land them, and just a few trees, osland, ones or tanisha winter ships. and you have to be realistic if the trees would need watering, tending to, with millions or even billions of new trees. who's going to do that work the fun semester. and was a human fin. that is all come you run him in western australia, a huge tree planting. project is already underway. it's a landscape that isn't exactly welcoming for young saplings. the soil is dry. the terrain is uneven. salinity can be

a problem for staff members of the environmental tack, startup, lord of the trees. the work here is a challenge. planting trees by hand here would be extremely time consuming. that's why david tenant and ma mode. hussein are using drone technology. a drone can distribute seeds evenly from the air quickly when it comes to planting trees, can it believes drones are the future? it's a great, big balancing act to know. can we replace the trees faster than people are destroying them? this technology that we've developed is going to be fantastic and doing that. this is really the future for saving the planet. for each patch of land can, it creates a special mix of seeds by distributing the seeds is just one step towards

planting of forest. technology is, is going to bit play a big role. and just for instance, in drones, not only do eat, you know, map the area we, we are, you know, so the said we monitor. but we can actually plant, sees where in the human it be us and congo. it oil dangerous with that person to do a drone can so almost $7000.00 seeds an hour, a job that would take a humans 6 days, david kennett burst planted trees here, 20 years ago. now he's testing various planting methods on different plots of land, like many countries, australia has been felling woodland to make way for agriculture. can it says that's a mistake. ground water levels have plummeted. a problem for young trees

load. this is one of hundreds of varieties of eucalyptus, of drawing on the property. and i choose them specifically to be salt tolerance, which is important because as soon to such a big problem in this area, right. and also i like um, with large leaves because with a lot of the leaves of the most common sequestration takes place to address climate change. while it's a double whammy david, can it only plants trees that are native to australia they're suited to the local land and climate. non native species and mano cultures would further damage the soil. but even local species don't have it easy here. this is a bit of a sad specimen. this could seem what it was. dod um, it could have done for a variety of reasons unsuitable for the soul tide, or could be being competed for neutral to tetra from the street. but the rumor sewing seeds that term you'll be sewing with your drones, will be sewing garages,

which are particularly suited to the sol taught. did a good thing with drones, is that we can monitor is or a 2 month later, 3 months later with fly this a flight path, right? or we can tell how they progressing. now that is one and we will be able to give you a report. we says that particular trees healthy this one down the road is not this drone as taking off with seats from a type of acacia tree native to the region. this technology could help plant millions of new trees. if all goes well, a new forest will soon take root. here in ireland, new forests have already been planted, but climate protection isn't the only goal here. landowners such as brandon lynch and county lead from want to harvest their trees back in the day. lynch's father

was able to earn a living from cattle farming. but those times are long gone. it's not possible to make a full time live in notice of it a fif production on any more. it's just it's just income as soon dropped to watch over the past 3 or 4 years. it isn't just not possible without a job to in a, to have a job as well as farm. lynch has placed his hopes in the fast growing sitka spruce he's planted by hector's, of them on his land. the moist rich soil is well suited to the evergreen species, where the cisco proof is, as they were said, the bread and bought are really off off, say plantations. you have to look at the economics of it as well. and there's no point in planting something that you can't sell down the line, you know, in years to come, when it's caught down, i hope to get anything from 8 or $9000.00 an acre for december, which is hex free. like brandon lynch,

thousands of irish farmers have planted spruce trees for harvest. the irish government says these plantations are also a boon to the climate. it was so said, but many environmental activists said that's not the case. and a lead from citizens initiative agrees, and they say the monoculture plantations do more harm than good not too long ago, adrian kelly's farm was surrounded by spruce trees. then the entire plantation was clear cut practically over night. it was a disaster for the soil ecology and the land now lies fallow. but there were problems even before the plantation was clear cut with shadow and made and because weird the northern se to sean said willow, the feed though good. 3040 meters out the fee, so this was had become useless. if i want to take, spend the hold and i can't expand because as you see, i can't go so i can't go east eda soon new spruce trees will be planted here

for the local activists monoculture. plantations are nothing but green washing their moneymakers. yes. but the health of the soil, biodiversity, and even the beauty of the natural landscape, don't factor into the equation. he can see here that and it's really a dead zone, like nothing grows on the 1st floor. he can see down at our feet that there is like 3 or 4 centimeters of pine needles gathered. and he can seem like, you know, nothing to like look, everything is just snapped off dead and nothing, nothing lives here. it's not a place that we want to come, walk in or want to see next to us. it's no good for, for anybody by the people who are making money. the economic

arguments don't always hold up monoculture. plantations are particularly susceptible to climate change on the plantation belonging to brendan lynch. his brother, a storm did major damage. no, said the wind come in. they are the helper high coroner, under the bit of pe, he went, groaned up there, so it seemed to talk took that little corner of a day or the rest restless and is fairly good. so the old stand on, you know, ireland shows that more needs to be done to make the timber industry, climate friendly now, sadly from one of which ones and for i think, i see the disadvantage of monoculture is that they aren't particularly stable ecologically speaking. if i plant only one species, it's often vulnerable to pass off the thrive on that species fair to effect allin, their a climate stresses like drowns 14 lives in yarmouth. in recent years, what we've seen is that a forest with

a mix of tree species is more resilient or seen different species provide more balance. if one suffering the other might be a bit more robust and best off. this is i this we also valencia time in germany. policy makers are already putting that knowledge into action. their planting trees to help restore healthy, mixed deciduous and can never as forests, forests sequestered carbon by capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. through photosynthesis, the trees transform it into bio mass. mixed forests sequester more carbon than monoculture stu, ah, today, i cut looting is in a forest south, east of bon. he's carrying out measurements on various trees, a trees height, the diameter of its trunk, and its age are an indication of how much c o 2

a tree can remove. conf. forest trees absorb less c o 2 than deciduous. once. a 40 meter spruce where the trunk that's about 60 centimeters in diameter, removes about 4 tons of c o 2 from the atmosphere. a pine tree of the same size removes only 5 tons. an oak of similar size removes 6 tons of c o 2. and the front runner is the beach at 7 tons. ah, this is a beach tree. lou. terry is hidden and i've measured the diameter of this tree at about chest height, about 1.3 meters from what was ground level, embody he at a while flesh of object. here we have about 2.31 meters for the diameter for that would be about here on summit on dorothy verizon with it. yeah,

i need seal so i can look here to see how much bio mass that corresponds to view about 4 tons also has all my own. and here you can see the corresponding amount of c o 2 planning to make it so we can assume that this tree removed something like 8 tons of c o 2 re. so an extra eye on the autopsy. it's why of a nominate about one 3rd of germany is covered in woodland, but the carbon sequestered there only makes up for some 7 percent of the country's c o. 2 emissions. large old trees are a boon to the climate. a giant like this beach can remove around 15 tons of c o 2. but a forest with a mix of young and old trees is most effective. for any countries think on some very few fi, imagine a forest filled with huge trees like this. then of course,

it seems like it would remove a lot more c o 2 arm as, as i went out. but of course that's impossible. this huge tree doesn't just have a big trunk with lots of carbon in it up to where it also has a huge leaf canopy here. when you look at the ground here, you see what happens near a huge tree like this or not a whole lot can grow. he acts. deadwood is another important component of a healthy forest. when a tree is felled or dies, the carbon stays sequestered in the wood for quite some time. so it's still climate friendly. that's no longer true if the wood is burned to fog, as it says, mrs. mars persevered from c. a question is, what will happen when this would leave the forest sacrifice as long as it stays here, the carbon is sequestered with, if it's not a gas, heat won't see power overnight through the 1st of the p. if we let it ross, the carbon will be released of course movement, but we've got plans for this would unless we can make furniture out of it or wooden beams that way the carbon stays sequestered them. so the overall impact is positive

. very intensive. i english transported chief back in australia. the focus is on scientific research and the hunt for the perfect future forest. at the australian plant bank, near sidney emerick, mo, do wants to figure out which seed mixture works best. for drone reforestation projects with botanist graham erington, who matches seed mixtures with soils and ecosystems, helps the work the weekend by going out and collecting nice aids is helping to understand not so much. now we mod yahoo to establish here is as substitutes for partners, but to supplement what we hackers and to assist, let bye diversity to my science. so i think those are way as well to integrate due

to so the 2 could work together. the better suited the seed mixture is to local conditions, the more likely it is that trees will thrive. but what's the best way to bring a new forest to life? emerick mo, do and his team are planning to test that in the blue mountains near sidney. their strategy is to mimic what would happen in nature. when cleared land regenerates, trees don't grow right away. first come grasses and shrubs. look at their grown cover 1st year before picture trips. he wouldn't just plant a tree, you have to recreate to horses them. by planting a native crisis like we're going to do to their new shrubs, feel you. i tried to small coordinators such as these, but a fries, a juicing term to shrubs for our and room have fruits. it attracts the birds,

and when the birds arrived, they all did, men carry off doses knows it. the forest experts want to use drones and special seed capsules to mimic the way birds dispersed seeds we selected today . um those tiny sits also um, indigo. farrah was charlie's which is a beautiful little shrub on that flowers purple. when we look and we select a couple of seats that we want to use for landscape, is the topography of the rent for ah, the wind and the salinity of disorder. it's time for lift off. each drone will distribute about $120.00 seeds a minute, a prodigious amount. when the shrubs start to grow, conditions will be ripe for trees to follow. but the path from field to forest is a long one.

and we had to india and the state of chat is gar, near the city of ry poor. a large scale reforestation project is underway. india is the 3rd largest emitter of carbon dioxide worldwide. the country hopes trees can help change that. but reforestation programs here don't always meet with approval the indigenous advocacy people are vocal critics. of the governments or radical reforestation measures. they say that the state is stealing their land, planting trees on fields that rightfully belong to indigenous communities. a milofa vague and i grandfather's and their forefathers lived on this land and farmed it. i've already shown my papers, the judge snobbish war and i farmed this land,

but now they're digging holes for their plantation and knows this land is our livelihood. the rangers are just doing the bidding of the plantation owner. my mother. milton. ah, there are nearly $800.00 similar land disputes taking place in india. but the state and tends to plant forests across a 3rd of its territory. none the less forest rangers say the government's policy will create jobs for the od obasi people and benefit the environment. one kiko, mika, dick vigil, grove, malo ottoman bishop major, chill. india has a lack of forest, and that's contributing to global warming to sun joke. yeah, gotta i plantations like this will make a difference in korea. k updated duck cool. it will definitely be useful in restoring the balance of nature. groman might have been good, but it may be said the hun viagra. from what i like ammonia cultures have been

recognized as a problem in india. that's why the government has switched to mixed forests with fruit and timber trees. but the out of asi are determined to fight back the indigenous forestry laws here. give them the right to farm the land. it's a situation rife with conflict. now, look at the sesame plant. they up routed it, then why do that? they took our oxen and farming equipment, so we planted these with our bare hands. the small tools took everything, the ranger keep denying it. he says he took nothing. indian authorities built of border fence for their plantation here without asking the permission of the local and of asi community. now the forest rangers, say the out of basi deliberately destroyed the fence. they get in get good. they have will we be? they are also saying this is their sacred grow up it. yeah,

this land was never used for any family plan because you're living there are no wealthier, i think we had no farms, no good luck. this land was reserved for forest and we were given permission to set up a plantation here. brundis income, land theft, reforestation, policies that ride roughshod over local communities. accusations like these are heard frequently here. one thing is certain, the tensions between the odyssey people and forestry officials are getting worse. the united nations is well aware of this kind of problem. climate organizations fund projects that seek to resolve such conflicts. but so far, these projects have little to show in india or anywhere else. the out of asi remain wary. over the years they've suffered repression and discrimination. and they fear the reaper istation programs are not what they claim

to be is does have the money. who's the got it? the problem is not that we cut down trees for our farm, wasn't the real problem is that the rangers clear cut old forests and give that land to industry. one of 31 of their hollowing out the land from within their mining the minerals, one of the factories and industry are the main reason why the climate is getting hotter and why the seasons are changing so much. oh, i see that thought brought up we audi vasa protect mother earth by farming the topsoil rather than digging it up with all that while i'm on the we saved the core of the earth by only making use of the outer layer and was i could i haven't let alone you're done with one. another blue developing nations are being pressure to plant more trees. but do state sponsored reforestation programs ignore the needs of local people? i cooling worries. the answer is yes. a shame opposite by showing you what often

happens. what's happening right now is that industrialized countries emit endless amounts of c o 2. and yet somehow we expect developing countries and pool countries to counteract those emissions through reforestation projects. and you know, when governments decide to go ahead with such projects, or when big investors come into play, the rights of local people are often ignored, silvan, and yet our planet desperately needs more trees. something that the younger generation has also come to appreciate. here in germany, young students are planting trees as part of a school project. hi adella. this is sandy fees. jenkinson, my number is 800. 9 forest rangers, elizabeth hosting and lars for yawn work with the nonprofit prima klemmer

association. they organized today's project. them sued. i its yeah, uh hi, dawn gwinn school. children take part in a project like this. it has a special impact and doesn't the ideas really take root is now over the next years, they'll be able to observe what's growing here and they'll develop more respect in nature. but all that is hugely important and they're having fun. they're really into it. it's a joy to watch off on for function to tile on garcia to sundry off insulin. i hope it will spur them to reflect on things that they don't go to climate demonstrations and, and stop at mcdonald's on the way home. he's on his arms are maybe they'll ride their bikes to school. those small steps can help make the world a better place signed and have an impact on their life lesson for beth on eyeball, that's the most important. less melbourne florida. suspicious of us, my young reforestation projects and germany must include a mix of species. the children here are planting common oak trees and

a birch called the common horn beam. like a home that are forests in a flood plain like this with the kinds of species with planting today and create one of the most diverse bio totes we have here in europe. gowns comes there, really special of the children may not know that yet, but over time they'll learn more about it often. and eventually they'll realize they created something really special. that experience will stay with them with the filing law. protecting the climate doesn't always mean planting millions of trees on massive plantations and reforestation can't be a fig leaf for massive carbon emissions. some fema rhonda read some not a cure all in the fight against climate change. members, few trees can remove huge amounts of c o 2 to yeah, but we, amid far more than they can ever cope window trees consoles, our problem is on to mitigate climate change. we'll have to tackle our energy use and our consumer habits in all sorts of ways understand. simply planting trees is

not enough to combat climate change. but done well. reforestation programs are a step in the right direction. mm. ah. ah ah. ah. ah, with

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