ah, what is it really is possible to reverse aging researchers and scientists all over the world? moreno race against time. they are peers and rivals with one daring goal to outsmart nature. more life starts may 28th on d, w. ah ah, ah, ah. in times of crisis, there are many people who struggle to hold on to their lives and their livelihoods . war is especially traumatic. it can append dogmas about how things should be done,

who government find deals with entrust to supply them with the essentials. then there are the profiteers who seek to cash in on others suffering for. there are also businesses that benefit. profiteering is our topic to day on mate coming up turning up the gas. how producing more is leading to earthquakes, carbon offsetting schemes, are they merely flights of fancy? and we cycling renewables? what happens to old wind turbines? war has always had its winners and losers, both on and off the battlefield. mercenaries in the 30 years worn not only had fancy uniforms, there also expected to survive by plundering towns and villages. after the 1st world war, black markets emerged coveted, rash and goods such as coffee or cigarettes. what traded at extortionate prices produces of shells tank submarines or poison gas also profited from both world wars

along with the entire ion steel and chemical industries, including major german phones. after the 2nd world war, swiss banks would announced as won't profit, he is a god, the gold reserves looted by the nazis during their invasions and in the iraq war, american oil companies and private security firms, boosted that bottom lines, leading us too. today. all that profit is taking advantage of russia's war and ukraine. arms industry shares are of 150 percent. oil companies have seen profit sore, 350 percent. many firms selling renewables are booked up for years to come. a host of industries, our earning bumper profits right now. none more so than the oil industry. thanks to skyrocketing prices and couldn't make

the embargo shoot and for the plans to introduce an oil embargo on russia have caused countries to start hording sang to try to build up stocks in advance when he may. so supplies are very limited, and that's driven up prices massively. the a whole i t companies are also profiting public authorities, and companies are scrambling to safeguard their networks from would be hackers and increased cyber attacks. manufacturers of fertilizers are also earning more. russia is one of the world's leading producers of fertilizer. but international sanctions are expected to reduce russian exports differently. meanwhile, renewables are more in demand than ever as countries rush to win themselves off russian energy. but in the longer term, it's the arms industry that's likely to be the biggest winner. and of course, with the war and ukraine, european countries, especially those nato,

committed to increasing the spending. so these were, does lead to continuous kind of increases in the coming years. and so a lot of lead picture in the coming years, incidentally, shares in russia's largest armed manufacturer have risen 45 percent since the start of the war. but is the current windfall set to last. take the oil industry in the past, the organisation of oil exporting countries or opec has countered high prices by increasing output prices than fall again helped us the end of the and i think politically the opec countries are increasingly looking eastward in where this you, their biggest customers of the future, the acne maintenance will come on. so how did they view this conflict in crisis? is i it's a fact that a call from washington asking for output to be increased by them is no longer enough. the shall need. no, she know they're also looking to china yacht e l l and china is more in the sight of russia and his conflict. well, you know,

i think many opec countries know that the big customers of the future, i no longer the u. s. or europe as insulin, but china, the high energy prices are also good for countries like norway, which is rich in oil and gas. the current crisis is expected to earn the nordic country, an extra $150000000000.00 euros this year. and the warren ukraine has european nations, especially germany, austria and italy such and desperately for a replacement to natural gas imported from russia. there are frantic colds for produces like the netherlands to extract more, but drilling for gas was controversial. that even before the current crisis, local say it's caused earthquakes, wrecking the homes. in the process and report a stephen beardsley went to groaning and in the netherlands to investigate. st. lawrence merrick is giving me a tour of his house. earthquakes are tearing it apart. in 2014,

everything was repaired, everything was fine again. so after 2014, it happened. everything again, that you get this crick's. cracks in the window, frames in the wall, in the glass panes themselves. now a pair of wooden braces is the only thing holding the house together. when was this put up or 2 more than 2 and a half years ago already. so you've had this up for 2 and a half years. yeah. no to now of years. this is, you know, switched minoan lauren's lives in a village outside groaning and in the netherlands. europe's largest natural gas field lies 3 kilometers beneath the surface. here, a joint project by shell and exxon mobil has drilled for decades, a lucrative business that's also benefited the state and unleashed earthquakes. the dutch government says it will in production next year, unless there is an emergency need. that has residents wandering and in groaning,

and the issue is about more than just structural damage. even if the cracks in your house or tiny, if there's one tiny crack is ago. no. so the wiring about a report this and then a few months later, there's another one and then another one, and then another one here. see you house your livelihood. sometimes your pension being taken away from you without a clear perspective. and this introduced a lot of uncertainty. the village of over skilled is at the center of the area affected by the earthquakes. it's become an emblem of the devastation to entire communities. and of rebuilding residents here agreed to reconstruct their homes at virtually the same time. freak and course at covers have lived here for more than 20 years. they tore down their old house the week before we filmed the new one was largely paid for by the drilling venture computer. there among the fortunate. yet the couple is still frustrated. fusion for the mere mention, it's

a question that more people of asked. and then we're also told the we have to extract a lot of gas and compensated every one in groaning and who experiences damage from it as much as possible. but that trust is no longer there, always to be a black dog. that's good to go. they apologize. how much of going his gas goes to neighboring germany demand there had been increasing in recent years, even before the current crisis, germany does have its own gas reserves. on the island borkam in the north sea, but the regional government has rejected drilling for years. until now. borkam is a small island with just $5000.00 permanent residence. but it's a popular tourist destination and can see as many as 35000 visitors during high season. a dutch drilling firm now wants to put a platform 20 kilometers off for cms coast. it says there's 60000000000 cubic meters of natural gas to be pumped,

growing and isn't far from borkam. allan residents worry that drilling could also destabilized their hopes. with wait, we had of their problems worse am. ah, exploring the gas there, they have problems with earthquakes and in other things. so we're really afraid that stuff like that could happen here. and we are affected. we an island, the c e o, the drilling firm says his company has already conducted environmental assessments . and that the comparison with groningen is unfair, we are standing subsidence has been, of course investigated. and there will be no subsidence underneath the islands or the structures underneath the island because the reservoir doesn't get close to the island. the rest far from where we produce at the gas other still worry about a landscape that's irreplaceable. alberto sacrament is a city councilman and borkam. he's guided school classes and tourist into the tato flats around borkam for more than 3 decades. it's

a landscape that stretches across europe, north sea coast, and is protected by national parks. it's rich in flora and fauna. who's on the uniform? is global doc does. i think the acceptance is somewhat higher due to the war in ukraine. of course, tim, regardless the rejection and fear of the consequences is very high the because the nature all around us here is our capital vehicles, value guests and other people come here to recuperate in the nature here just to mention. and when that capitalist endangered, because something has happened, that is of course, really bad for the people who live here yet. and tourism is really the only source of income for the people who live here. i'm 50, i'm sick, i now mcclellan did he mention he 11 this on many of those we've spoken with in the past few days. say they understand why gas needs to be affordable, especially when it means stopping imports from russia. the question is,

what price governments will pay for gas? and what costs communities themselves will have to bear producing more fossil fuels like gas and oil, that something environmentalists had hoped we be moving away from by now? and the waning of the corona virus pandemic in europe has seen a return of the travel bug, one method to try and compensate for the extra seo to output from flights is so called carbon offsetting here you can pay 10 euros on top of the airfare for a one way flight from berlin to me yorker, to new york. it's as much as $37.00 euros. a one way flight to tokyo, emits a good 2400 kilograms of c o 2 per person. for this, you'll have to cough up $56.00 euros, going even further afield to sydney. it's a $123.00 euros. all voluntary, of course. but what goes on behind the scenes after you've shell down to offset all that carbon are all these offsetting seems schemes. what they seem to jo,

dora takes a closer look. do you know that check box? you can tick when booking a flight or ordering a packet that promises you can offset all of the carbon that you just admitted. and you're good. hi, i'm kiera and you're seeing climate action in action tv. mm hm. i know cover offsets don't really sound. c sexy, but they're kind of a hot topic right now. so the basic idea of an offset is, is that if you're naughty and you miss a lot of coverage, that you can pay to have those emissions reduced somewhere else. the logic is that since the emitted c o 2 goes into the atmosphere and damages the entire planet, you can cancel it out anywhere, preferably somewhere where it's easier and cheaper to do so. but i'm getting ahead of myself. probably the 1st thing that comes to mind when you think offsets are

trees planting them or protecting them from being cut down trees. of course the quest, the carbon making them a very popular offset. so i wanted to know exactly where my money goes to when i compensate my own private carbon footprint. let's say i am flying from berlin to tokyo, please don't shoot me. i'm visiting my family. there is a box there way i can say off said c o 2 emissions that says support 10 international projects for a global impact. but i want to know which and i want to know where majority of the projects are in the global south. but there are a few in europe. so 2 of the projects are in germany actually, and there are not that far away. let's go there. oh, thank you. yeah. hi, karen, welcome to could it's more, it's more common mike,

off those carbon offsets for a non profit in germany's northernmost state. this project is aiming to re wet this landscape. associates or the paint layer is being removed and dams are being built with it to contain rainwater within the area of like your heard of lee was having like a high or low around the corner. there is a damn that was completed half a year ago and is a suave, he didn't talk once the wetland is intact again, and vegetation grows back was additional carbon will be captured from the atmosphere. the other tool would just be the rule of thumb is about 10 tons of c o 2 per hector per year on the 13 ton, poor york to put that into perspective, a flight back and forth from germany to japan alone emits about 3 tons of c o 2,

but i think you need a lot of wetland to compensate that. yes. but they're also mandatory offset mandatory offsets are offsets that companies have to buy to stay under the maximum amount of carbon that they're allowed to emit piano. this mechanism was set in place by the kyoto protocol and updated in the paris agreement. the mandatory market used to make up the lion's share of offsets, but that's changing rapidly. the voluntary market has been growing rapidly in the past years, and 2021 is likely to set a new record renewable energy as well as forestry and land use projects are currently by far the most popular offsets. there's just one small problem. many of the carbon offset to don't offset carbon. what if a lot of dirty tweaks happening in carbon or something we're one ton of carbon ends up becoming half down of carbon. and in many cases,

even 0 tons of carbons. that's yep. sanyo, head of greenpeace. se, asia offsetting all has a very long and we'll document these 3 of problems to the validity of alpha harmon . offsetting projects i studied by a common offset broke a recently looked at 100 voluntary offsets mostly the popular afforestation and conservation project. and found that over 90 percent don't deliver on their promises. so back to the peak land question is whether the project or your funding might have just happened anyway. and if that's the case, then your payments isn't really making a difference. this is derrick broke off. he has worked on energy and climate policy for more than 18 years. it's not really causing the missionaries to go down on to this is the real achilles heel of the carbon asset market. the russ vieira here. what would have happened here without the offset money and confidential? yes, river china, it probably would have continued to be used as farmland or grazing land,

flight athletic or not. we had this project as what is called additional. the money invested had an additional effect of reducing emissions that wouldn't have happened otherwise. and that's most often the case for projects that would not be economically viable without offset money. planting trees or conservation projects can also be problematic because planting trees is nice and good and all. and they're great. c o 2 suckers, but only as long as they live. men of miss projects on paper. her prom is those plantations stay for the longest time and then after 10 years you visit the site and it's gone. for example, satellite images collected by pro public are in cambodia, show that in the forested areas that should have been completely protected, half of the forest has been logged or otherwise destroyed. 10 years later afforestation and reforestation are seen as so problematic that the you does not allow them as mandatory offsets, so as popular as they are,

they are not the safest bet. imagine you are a multi $1000000000.00 company. you wanting to offset your millions of tons of c o 2. it's very tempting to offset your massive carbon footprint in the easiest cheapest way, right? which in a lot of cases means less regulated, easily implemented projects, often in the global south where restrictions are not so rigorous and prices are low . not to mention many offsetting programs have a history of disrespecting land rights of indigenous and local communities. it's really hard for a normal consumer to tell whether a project is legit or not. i mean, i travelled all the way here. this checks out, but you can't do that for every single project. one indicator though, can be price vc. ca much does it cost to offset a ton of c o $2.00, here i need to $110.00 is i a to kind of 64 year old. if he updated oil that's quite steep. some carbon offset platforms off set it on for $23.00 euros,

or even 11 us dollars. when single carbon offset schemes are way below that price, that's not a good sign. i would be weary out a large number of project. i credits on that, are in expect, inexpensive. ok, quick recap. many projects turned off at common and some common offsets may also just help big corporations to green wash, but it will be extremely hard to reach our climate targets without some form of offset. so what shall we do? there has to be an oversight function, e system, an institution that could truly on guard against cheating and misrepresentation in the way carbon offset projects are being, are the ah, international certifications and i supposed to guarantee the quality like the gold standard as well as the verified common standard but even they are not always watertight and certifications are voluntary. then there also needs to be

a change in the type of projects we focus on. a lot of the market today has been oriented around cheaper mitigation, and i think we need to put that around focus on we are the best that is needed to bring about transformation change. but fast and foremost, and i to, you should always start by asking yourself how you can prevent admissions. that should always be the 1st option i. many companies do clearly state that in their net 0 strategies, but it's often unclear how many tons of emissions are getting reduced and which get offset. the major polluting companies are trying to find a way out of taking real action, the fac, elephant lima at the emergency world can offset its way. and i may change from y'all need to hear you soon. insurance and doing so rapidly. of course, a better way to help the environment is to not produce carbon emissions at all. the purpose of renewable energy generates as light wind turbines. but what about when

the turbines themselves need renewing? after all, new models are far more efficient? while it's here that we meet another corner, stone of environmental protection, recycling, coll, holland book went along to see what happens when turbines reached the end of their life. cycle. with these wind turbines are more than 20 years old compared to modern ones, they're small and inefficient. so they're being torn down. so what happens to these green energy giants at the end of their lifespan? the blades, especially, are made of composites and plastics. instead of recycling them a lot and some in landfills more incinerated in the kilns of cement and steel factories for some years. now, facilities that insinuate them aren't really happy about it and that's down to the

physics of the combustion process. last fall, the glass fibers bonded with residence which come up the kiln and the ash and i so quite apart from the environment, luna sank on the it's just not an ideal solution. zealously, you lose own. and recycling is only just getting off the ground. it's only recently that wind turbine manufacturers have had the wind to waste problem on their radar. that often leads to situations like this on this green field. decommissioned turbine blades are dismantled for the scrapyard . one company near the polish city of rod suave has come up with a solution unmet takes old turbine blades from germany and turns them into furniture. the plains of 12 meters long are 1st thought intersections,

sanded and painted. they get a new life is outdoor furniture, chairs, benches, and tables. accented with top quality march would all students from the university of shalana gotta come up with the designs. they're thrilled that their products are being bought by customers around the world. of course. so can you dig a site bad? i think outside is an is that the right to to use this material? because it's water proof is damaged grove, a foot bridge, another of unmet novel recycling ideas. the rotor blades were transformed into the support for pedestrian bridge. it's the brain child of engineer on j. r. done show for him. old blades are not hazardous waste but a resource spout. she, me guar news me ions gives

a far example. we don't try to change the shape of the rotor of yours. we turn it into a sculpture or that doesn't blade and so give me give you is going to be monumental . you really big so that it really while your bush budget will be on, i will just what i was in you. andre snellville runs an online shop wings for living. that's the exclusive retailer. there's even an app to let you see what the furniture would look like. in your garden shed novel and his counterparts in poland are good friends, a garden bench like this can easily cost 1500 euros. we're aiming to be a small and stylish brand to that. that helps raise awareness of the problem and also shows that old discarded objects can be turned into beautiful and unique furnishings immovable. his friends and poland are constantly coming up with innovative designs, like a rotor wing transformed into a wine cellar. when it comes to up cycling the sky's the limit and there is no

shortage of turbine blades that need repurposing with. the new generation of wind turbines are bigger and more powerful. modern turbines are temples of high tech filled to the brim with electronic components. and they promised to help solve the wind to waste problem. in 30 or 40 years, when these turbines go offline, they'll be more easily recycled into valuable raw materials. alanon ha, yesterday about the all big manufacturers are working on producing their components and so that they'll be easier to recycle. meaning in a way that's environmentally sustainable energy saving and cost saving in advance. if we cost 100 percent recyclable turbine blades or the wave of the future, germany, for example, plants to install $1500.00 new wind turbines a year in

a few decades. their aging blades will be mind for valuable raw materials and we've made it to the end of the, shall we'll be back again next week. same time, same place likes to watch with ah, ah, ah, with ah,

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