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mm hm. how do i, what i would say um, but perfect roman legion there. lucas's stay goes maximus. and i think you already know what the topic will be on this trip. exactly. i'm following the footsteps of the romans through germany and you get to come along. ah, i starting cologne, which was an important city even in roman times. i also follow the roman border fortifications. leemis. and i'll show you the reconstructed zaya book. roman fort. ah. lou in ancient times, cologne was called colonial claudia,

aka ugly peninsula. ah. dense houses. monumental buildings and cobbled streets shaped the cityscape today, the cologne cathedral towers above the metropolis. as its principal landmark remains from the roman erupt have been preserved in many places. right next to the cathedral is a part of the old city gate for over 4 centuries cologne. plate a vital part on the frontier of the roman empire. the leemis major empire state woods converged here from the south west and north. they carried good people at

news from the whole world to the capital of the province of germania, inferior and to day wrote, still run where they were 1st laid out in ancient cologne. your 1000 years ago, this was one of the main axis of roman cologne. well, and today it's one of the most important shopping streets in the city shall agatha traces of the romans have also been found on the ryans opposite bank and colon doyce. the outlines of a fort the roman empire was huge and the romans made it very clear where their sphere of influence began. so they both forests and watch towers and also used obvious natural landmarks such as the rhine ah. around 2000 years ago, the roman empire stretched from the atlantic ocean to asia minor and from africa to

the north sea. part of the border ran along the river right up to $30000.00 soldiers was stationed on it, facing the germanic tribes. the wet, slim as, as the frontier is known, began in rhineland, palatinate crossed north rind, west bailey and the netherlands, and ended at the north sea coast in 2021. this part of the li mess, the former roman border fortifications was to clad a unesco welled heritage site. the wet lemurs has been added to 2 frontier sections already named as wild heritage sites. one is hadrian war and the anti war in britain. the other, the upper germanic, and racine lea mess it begins south of bomb and runs 550 kilometers blue starting in reagan's book the limb as follows. another river, the danube,

from bavaria through austria and finally to bulgaria. their section is also a unesco. well, heritage side since 2021 ah, ah. in cologne, i dropped by the romano germanic museum. it exhibits the archaeological heritage of the city and its environs with an emphasis on the roman iraq staff member captain jessica shows me route with that. what role de cologne, good as cologne was in fact, the capital of the province. good man. yeah. inferior. so it was the administrative center. the governor who administered the entire province resided here, which is why cologne was so important. and this is where the very earliest romans

came to live on the rhine. people came from all over the roman empire to live in this vibrant city on the rhine. for example, this man from spain, vo. why was it so important to him to have on the tombstone that he is or was a citizen of cologne? what about and often, ziegler had as a his, if wiggle, apparently he felt very much at ease here and cologne was in fact an attractive city. and roman times, it had a flourishing economy. commerce was burgeoning, there were craftsman, you could make really good money here. i wish i boulevard. you can see that he was a roman citizen by the toga acting troop of the typical roman robes he's wearing here. who's in the builder, but not all the citizens of cologne ran around like this. they looked a bit different here on the frontier, far away from rome or death come via. we can have a look at that over here. what do you notice here?

maybe a special hell of a turban, it can also be a halo. fillings are gone, then i was even busy and the hours is tough. yes, it does look a bit like that too fast, but the idea about the hat was better moving. this is what's known as an indian bonnet, part of the cost you of the native booby and in particular of married women. and in fact, the people of this area, including the romans, who moved here, adapted to the local climate in winter. it was cold and wet so they didn't wear linen tunics excellent, highly, but thick wool lowden coats and maybe even trousers full, even if they were seen as barbaric by bottles. but they kept you warmer than you would be wearing a tunic. 20 capex. does that mean that this is a mix of cultures the germanic and the roman? good. now, as it is precisely the romans were very pragmatic. when they came across something they thought was a good idea. they adopted it open on our tour leads on past or in lately crafted glasses. i can hardly believe there are 2000 years old.

this special cup is the most precious piece in the collection. colon was a major center of glass production. he got almost all the materials they needed to make and also found nearby. and that's what the romans did in abundance and then traded very, very saw 100 with the sewer, these flip flops were kits hoops for kinda like the level passed. oh to the left. that's not so sandals, but you can't wear them. these were passing flag and hated to perform flock holes. apparently, when it came to creativity, the romans were well ahead of their time. cologne is over 2000 years old, but there are even older cities here. for example, trio kempton or warms, and they all claim the title of germany's oldest city well, but who is right ah,

cheer captain of vold. they'd all love to lay claim to the title. germany's oldest city true claims, the longest history as a roman city. as opposed to a military camp or a settlement true was called augusta trevor rome and for about a century with a population of around $70000.00. it was the biggest city north of the ups. it was even briefly, one of the capitals of the roman empire during the reign of emperor constantine number of structures remained to bear witness to this golden age, the port a negro or black gate,

for instance. but when was the city actually founded? most sources mentioned italian, around 18 to 16 b. c. e. others would bestow the coveted title of germany's oldest city on bombs. the celts established a settlement on the spot around $5000.00 b. c. e. later, the romans are thought to have built a fortier. tempted on the other hand, is the 1st town in germany to be mentioned in writing, in a book written by geographers, strongbow in 18. see he can, but an am as the romans called, it was the administrative centre unseat of the governor of the roman province of racier. a couple of other german cities are quite old, for example, under dogs both both rural and subtle and says, well,

the question of germany's oldest city has yet to be uncertain. the conflicting opinions are off to include by local patriotism and different criteria. but they all have their long histories and coma bolstered by archaeological evidence. i left cologne and travelled south for an hour to i'm void. the point where the leemis branches off from the rind. my destination is the roman world living museum . i. how heavy is a chain mail shirt, how we're selling and trading done? here visitors are invited to touch, take part, and try things out. of course, i can't resist. visitors to the roman

world can learn more about the location origins and function of the ancient leemis in rhineland to let's mate a reconstructive section of the wall. trench and palisade fence makes it easier to visualize. why was the leemis actually built? well, the romans tried to expand their empire to the north, but there were the 2 tints and instead of waging endless battles against them, they drew a line. the leemis, the romans suffered enormous losses and what became known as the various disaster in the year 9 back then, 20000 soldiers died and the 2 to burg forest. and you can still find traces of these battles today. ah,

ah ah, ah, quintillion virus give me back. my legions, emperor augustus is said to have cried out when he was told his general virus had lost 3 entire legions, along with 6 auxiliary cohorts in the battle of troy to book forrest, the attackers were germanic rebels. commanded by our minis. according to ancient historians, the slaughter went on for several days on a field, many kilometers long. but where exactly did this fateful battle take place? the most likely site is one found near kike, lisa, north of austin, of look, research on the battle known as the varian disaster has been going on here for 30 years.

not only as cake. these a fascinating excavation site, but an archaeological monument and museum several markers in the open air give a broad overview of the course of the battle. the park is over 20 hector's in area. oh, oh. oh deal plates. mark the romans march along a narrow path between the woods and the more it's still unknown. what took place here? what is known is that after losing this battle, the roman forces withdrew to the western banks of the rhine. sporadic forays were made into germania for another 7 years, but the romans lacked the infrastructure and the germanic tribes. guerrillas style attacks more them down and eventually the romans gave up and fortified their

existing borders. germany salinas wrote one of the countries many holiday roots picks up in the i'm boy it traces the former roman frontier for 700 kilometers to regensburg on that. then i followed a stretch of it, frowned science like this pointed the way and an app with either an interactive map or a brochure is helpful for quickly locating the archaeological digs. the reconstructions at museums such as believe miss tower, and her chide. usual

voted were alloy. lucas dig it yet. mom fred cannot knock off for you today. cloudy, is antonius antonio, close a doin yos, wonderful. of up the li, miss seats. the corners, as they are called gift tourists at the various li miss sites. manfred, club law has been showing visitors around in hill shide for over 10 years now. either what was the exact function of this tower? tow movies and anybody to him from the towers? they kept a watch on the lee mess swiftly. the border between the roman empire and jemaya hoover laughed. they always had the towers surroundings in view because if some one approached with hostile intent, i could give a signal from the town. doesn't happen often tom. oh, he could have done it with a mirror if the sun was out on the mitten, which polished brass would have done the job, i should. hopefully it is missing. that's why this tubers hanging here dot is the tool by here. if it was foggy, they could have given the signal with this horn, with and at night with a torch. i with fire fucking button foyer shine. can i try to look for the cannibal?

we'll try it though. he's been with us if it works for harder, harder. no. i couldn't do it, but did flow of years. antonio's miniature. oh yeah. now we have it. ah, it sounds a bit like an elephant. yeah. it is. yeah. and claudio is antonius had another surprise in store for me? or does this does more late or this is the more i had on it's a cheese pace made from shapes. cheese mixed with harpsichord, entitled. okay, rick, they got it pulled out. we'll try. they are gonna load up properly of when they're looked. this is glow. joseph, it's super delicious. all we,

it's common now comes to merson. that's a wine beverage. the romans enjoined mac, we'd taken aperitif today. order and up with a tea thing. comes in. it is, you make this dinner that if i take a liter of wrestling wine loosely at 200 grams of honey to it and a knife tip of pepper. and then i let that steep for a while, but on my letty poison cody was antonio's, was it and also delicious push. next to the tower. a roman garden has been recreated. this is a roman sundial, also the roman flight to drink wine. and this is what a roman herb garden could have looked like. i pressed on to the head shot lea miss path. it leads to a little fort with earthworks and the palisade faced. the foundations have been

reconstructed to show the roots. ah, can you imagine how it used to look here? well, i can't. in any case, many reconstructions have been made and not only along the leemis. there are traces of the romans in many places in germany for example in sar length. a whole villa was reconstructed beer and turned into an archaeological open air museum. well, take a look at that. ah, this is how the privileged romans of the provinces once lived in country villas, with well manicured gardens, mosaic floors, and all the amenities the ancient world had to offer the best

place to get an impression of this life is the villa book, a roman country estate near pal in silence moses valley, it was meticulously reconstructed, a top the original ruins, the only one of its kind in the world. in the 4 year the head of the house, the dominance receives his guests. characteristic are the coffee feelings, frescoes, and half columns. decorating the ruse at one time the entire whole most likely had mosaic flows. of course, the villa also had a roman bath with the dressing room, cold and hot baths and a kind of sitting room. the tepid darian. everything together would have been quite

effective at impressing friends and business partners. good food was every bit as essential to the roman lifestyle. as many as 30 courses might be served up at a banquet, prepared and kitchens like this one. thank you. did such eccentric dishes as stuffed flamingo tons and hazel mice? ah, normally in none pandemic times, the roman days would have been held at the village bogan august complete with market booth and gladiator battles. ah, ah, took out some of our favorite travel picks on instagram. followers on d, w, travel now

back to the li miss wrote a site to see is the reconstructed roman's i book for to your frankfurt archaeologist on a lung, gartner shows me around the premises. i was had finished, you know, who said look pretty much the way we see it right now. it didn't, it roughly eyes us is shawn button is not on will by. it's very close to it. but we're dealing with 2 different time periods for the reconstruction that a large part of the buildings were put up around 1900. and then another 2 complexes went up after 2000. but i wasn't the yeah. and of course, the state of research from 1900 was very different from 2300. and so the proposals for reconstruction are also different to the course. in the course of time, we've simply made new discoveries why i couldn't have a good one had in ancient times, 600 men were stationed here as a border patrol. they lived in these barracks,

the man, the company corridors are secured with a roman lock as well known as a lock and sliding bolt on it. and now you see, if you can get it open of cleaning machine, you don't lose your patience log and sliding bolt. i can't do it. i give up as the i you hold it like this is for an air slide it 1st in here, done it. then you turn it in, so the bit points in this direction, the additional psyched then you lift it up. oh and you pull it over, you jiggling a little because the law catches a little vegas last bits in hot on and then it's open. so all right in you go in, i should turn off, right, so i'm him 8 men ones. share it this little 2 room apartment out from jackson as

well as the leading to the now were entering the basilica. the great hall, if you feel that's a part of the printer keep yeah, the staff building in the center of the 4 and it was, it's a large open hall where the entire company could assemble through for celebration lenses when federal events on blue or just for drills on wet rainy days, nothing coggan. so we will 2nd on the subject of drills, it's about time i had to look at the arms and learn some roman combat techniques. first spear throwing then archery. so those are the most so the 1st thing we do is thread the bow string on to the book. i'm awesome. this isn't him. and this is how we do it. often it takes a little strength and sticks. we use a little trying inborn climb into the bow, brung and proper behind our legs. and so we can slip the bowstring onto the limb tech ins oh, guy and feet and it looks easier than it is. but after several attempts,

i've got it and we can get started. does that look legionary like? oh, i don't hold it too long. you'll get cramps. okay. ah dog a booth. i ha. and what would a legionaries, training be without sword fighting? but then he kept limitation. corruption, in fact they would train using wicker shields instead of the proper one message, identify and wouldn't sorry, this viet eyes of their heavier than the real ones is that they made for wonderful training. because of course, you'd build up more muscle strength and endurance, and you'd last longer and battle thing. i came from quitman for that age. you don't get hurt. good. exactly. ah, good thing. like the gazillion sneaks up on. ah. oh, damage damaged. yes. yeah. ah

. here at the saw burke, my search for traces is over and i would say mission accomplish. i've learned a lot and i hope you did too. so sir, next time, and as the romans say, valet too good bye. ah ah ah ah ah, ah ah, ah, with

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