[000:00:00;00] a great cultural memorial to boot w travel. we go we want to know with love and binding thing away. but i'm not going to have to work my own car and everyone with later holes and every day. getting you ready to meet the german and join me, rachel stuart on d. w. ah, this is focus on europe. labriola. welcome to the program. ukraine hasn't been at

war for around $100.00 days, and there is no end in sight to the carnage. fighting is especially fierce to new cranes east with heavy artillery bombardments, striking key cities as russia tries to see don bass region while despite being surrounded by danger and destruction. ukrainians their haste river danco refuses to be driven out of don bass by putin's troops. the farmer has built a new life for himself in a small village. the front line is drawing closer with each passing day. many residents and even though pill yeah, have had their livelihoods completely wiped out. still these ukrainians refuse to give up. an idyllic scene. if it weren't for the front line not far from here, sir, he fair and shanker, came to the village of yvon obelia,

8 years ago. the entrepreneur fled done yet where he ran a retail business launch. im sure, what else can you do in a village? let it go, don't do nothing. there wasn't, i'm not used to working for others as an entrepreneur for 3 years. ah, it wasn't love of nature that drove there. he is moved back to the land and done yet. he was known as a ukrainian activist. when pro russian separatists took power, he had to flee behind ukrainian lines. he learned how to run a farm from the internet. now the brutality of war has caught up with him again. recently a bomb landed only a couple 100 meters from his house, movies quote, to both soldiers were quartered here for a while to pre colon liam level of the they moved in here, then they were a targeted elizabeth, which i thought, oh yeah, that i think there were some nice neighbors who told the enemy about them. laurel nice in quotes globally and will the will of go. yes,

sir. he suspects that some people here secretly sympathize with russia. for his part, he makes no secret of his dislike of ukraine's neighbour. he himself spent 2 years fighting on the front lines just 15 kilometers from here in recent years, the situation has remained tense, but stable all now the fear and violence are back. yeah. take your was there, he has already evacuated his wife to western ukraine. melissa, this is la, so just imagine this scenario or a show hits the farm hero. otherwise, i'd have to see to my own safety in that of the animals of the and then my wife on top of that to cervical was you have to understand it's much less worry this way. the said it's much easier to take responsibility for yourself than for others. feel

shiver of the 15 kilometers away on the front line. sporadic shooting has been going on here for years. now. shells rain down every day. welcome to new york population, 8000 ethnic german saddler's gave it that name in the 19th century. stolen re named it no of god's gay. but since last year it's officially called new york again with unit. oh, it bodies bought out of had hoped the name change would bring new energy to the aging industrial town. they thought, look at that couple when yet there is no production here anymore. have you stood there? we thought the new name would attract investors to help us in this building was renovated with 8 monet, yet there used to be forums and cultural events held their executable sub. but i knew now the cultural center is surrounded by craters. numerous shells have struck the neighbourhood. walk, no joke, the windows is shattered,

but my roof came off. he could you too bye dear little. i sat in the cellar while it happened gala. instead of giving readings of his work, bought out of now volunteers to care for the remaining residence, checking in on them and organizing aid. i mean, every day i'm in the cellar. in fact we've been in our sellers for 8 years. mother countless houses in town have been destroyed. 3 quarters of the population have fled, bodies bought out of sent his wife to stay with his daughter in western ukraine. he reaches her when you see what's happening. he himself won't consider leaving. marya therm, helena, as they say, hope is the last to die. lisa, i'm on the side of ukraine and i'm home. i believe the news and i was born here in

this town. i'd wilted whistles. people as i hope nothing comes down here, that whistling otherwise we'll have to hit the ground on the farm. sir, he's very jenko carries on as best he can. he used to send his goats cheese from the front line all across the country. but since the fighting increased mail services have shut down, left a little go paula. our revenues have dropped by 60 percent. but costs are barely tuning and sharp and moved loser by the ah, but at least he has been spared the very worst. he has 8 employees who show up regularly for work and the war hasn't stopped the nanny goats from having kids with him. if i were a pessimist, i wouldn't have started a business in a place like this. i won't stay if it gets occupied,

but that won't happen. and if it comes to that, his uniform is still hanging in the closet. while not far from ukraine is georgia and the war is wang on people's minds there too. but in the village of crashed, our residents are also concerned about making ends meet. their incomes rely on a small, delicate plant that is endangered in some other parts of the world. sno drops grow in abundance in georgia and are among the country's top exports. but who is really profiting from the demand? delicate signs of spring snow drops are among the 1st flowers signaling the end of the long winter in the caucasus mountains. with for many georgians, there more than just a lovely flower. like many others here, katrina, your kaylee makes

a living from the bulbs of these early bloomers. gay that we had talked to al young, see miss how my child is physically demanding i. i wouldn't say that i'm ruining my own health, but i do get tired and my back eggs are more clearly her talk. it will show all day . i'm hunched over, working with her as a lease, but it's something i gladly do for the sake of my 2 children though it's clever allah. with the lesser caucasus is a beautiful but poor region. the bulbs of the local snow drop flowers are a welcome source of income for people here. and demand remains high. each year about 22000000 georgians, no drop bulbs are imported by the netherlands alone. one of the world's largest flower suppliers. elsewhere in europe, the plant is listed as a threatened species. so for georgians, it's a balancing act, protecting the largest snow drop population in the world by continuing to make

a living from it. and you're truly sacramental. this beautiful flower has been bringing us joy for centuries. we will go, our main goal is to preserve and spread its population mischief while we will be sure, one of the most efficient ways is to study and expand the areas where at blooms and be said to establish, look that way we harvest the smallest possible number of bulbs in any given area. to return a bush. this strategy aims at meeting market demand while preserving the flower from extinction is, as well as a law that's very important to us. we are pro julian when they thought the or not with mom muley some a needs a is one of only 3 entrepreneurs and georgia license to exports, no dropped bulbs to europe in a warehouse. the bulbs are cleaned and sorted with the boss himself getting involved just under a 3rd of the $30000000.00 bullets he exports each year,

a wild coming from the mountains, the rest he sources from local growers. the spring flower business is important to western ga unemployment here in the countryside is estimated to be as high as 40 percent for many spring is the only time of year when there's work so most also scribbles. got him was out of the amazon. mm. to 20 employees work at the factory, miss. kimberly was the gun. when we're preparing our product for export, we hired them on a temporary basin of shoe vomited yoshi. we also use the land of several local families which are usually quite large in this area. they live out and we hire more than 500 locals to help pick the bulbs at the southern. moved, oregon. good. morgan of hicks, georgia spring. flowers are big business in europe. it's not just the dutch,

we're crazy about them. in britain, there are flower expos in themed travel packages. 10 years ago, a single plant fetched $860.00 euros at auction. that's an unimaginable price tag for george and snow drop picker. katrina, you are kaylee in the small village of crushed her. she shares a house with her husband, 2 daughters, and a few other relatives can georgia, a former soviet republic has been independence since 1991. still prosperity has alluded most people here in the mountains, life is modest to the locals. peace is what matters most. but since the beginning of the russian invasion of ukraine, katina fears,

the worst lego of flight all fell amolla doug, everything i do, i do for my children for i hope they can get a good education jameel with my husband and i will support them along the way your lights horan cannot table god, trina, booklet, unless she i want them to live in a prosperous and united georgia. we are going to her that we see what's happening in ukraine. other shell, i feel so sorry for all the innocent people being killed and the parents who have lost their children are all paid. it was our children should never have to experience that order. sometimes i wonder what will happen if war breaks out in our country as well as alex, what will we do if i pray that we can all continue to live in peace shriek that irish will be at the end of an 8 hour work day on the slopes of the lesser caucasus katrina and her family drink to peace and prosperity. the regions, small,

tender flowers are playing their part in making that wish come true turkeys, president, wretch, up tie up air to watch those who air their grievances about him in public may find themselves behind bars. that's thanks to an article. and turkey's penal code, which criminalizes insulting the president and practice it's been wielded against dissidence, such as people who criticize the country's political corruption, crackdowns on the free press or police violence. and it's a charge he has been faced with rapper or coon. dk describes his lyrics as funny and satirical, but for the turkish president or cons, music is no laughing matter. lou ah, in his home studio in istanbul, repel all con dk is recording new songs. despite being in trouble for old

14141, i enjoy making music and yes and my lyrics. i also criticize what i think is going wrong. her, the sure this is one of the videos for which the turkish president's lawyers have pressed criminal charges against all can go to a distorted photo of red chip tie a bad one. he wraps. send me money. there's also some swearing. that's why all colin had to go to court. he was handed down to 14 months suspended jail sentence for insulting the president that it only up good enough. i criticized air to want my putting words in his mouth. modern i let him say things that he does. i'm will, that's criticism, not an insult. in and above all home. it's funny, did it really corner, but here in turkey, everything's now a problem. as though everyone's paranoid french knew anyone who hears a swear word immediately senses a crime. all told people should relax. not just the president, but everyone is there. how did?

yes. yes. all coolness. 28 years old. he earns money with his rap songs. o'con isn't a celebrity, although he is sometimes recognized on the street. but he don't have to be a celebrity. to be accused of insulting the president and turkey. tens of thousands have been hit with the charge in recent years. teenagers and teachers, lawyers, and members of the opposition. recently the arrest of prominent journalists said if calabash caused a public outcry, she had quoted an old proverb on tv. when an ox entered the palace, he does not become a king, but the palace becomes a barn. the sentence more than 2 years in jail suspended the law criminalizing insulting the president existed long before out on,

but it was rarely used until he took office. between 20142020 turkish authorities have investigated more than 160000 cases. nearly a quarter of them ended up in court. the law has definitely been abused. you know, it's clear that add ons, lawyers are combing social media for any mention is the president and, you know, totally arbitrarily opening endless legal proceedings. basically it's, it's sending a message to the society that you know, you will not criticize. this has a chilling effect on every one to follow the presidents, fellow party members reject the accusation. adam yielded him is deputy had of out owens ruling a k p in east m. boyer. he believes the number of insults has increased so much because more and more people are using social media is and that the president doesn't have to put up with everything. oh, furniture foreclosure, oh,

the way we look at our political leaders may be different than elsewhere in europe . we don't disrespect our hands of the state race after all, they are elected by the people sit finished 3 or you can criticize the president as much as you want. i got it. i got it, but you cannot insult him. that won't be tolerated. that kid, especially in sola, how clarity on i love all, i know mostly rapport con d. k sometimes spends more time with his lawyer than in his music studio. they have appealed against the prison sentences of thought, the other shannon wounds over 3 mark him as they couldn't even tell us which part of organ songs they considered insulting for me. we told them to show us on it, but the prosecutor just replied. the insult is in the lyrics. shaddick good, isn't them? it's just inappropriate to put any one in prison because of a song nowadays him get it, then we can do all con says he doesn't want to be intimidated,

but you're giving a chef. many young people here in turkey no longer dare to say or write anything critical. they're afraid arches look, but not every one is that i'm not like, i'll continue madam, but the pressure is increasing. the salesman, everyone here feels it. i'm again, our rebushka show you what he said you out with whatever the eventual outcome of his case. all con will probably rep about it some day. all the g o. it's hard to believe that this was once so valuable. it could create and destroy empires. in ancient rome, it is said that soldiers were sometimes paid not with coins, but with salt, extracting the high quality mineral is still back breaking work even in our modern world. yet the ancient technique is drying. ringback city dwellers in france, closer to nature on the island of elderly,

the profession was at risk of dying out. but now the island has become fertile ground for aspiring salt farmers. lumicore lea doesn't get sore muscles any more. he extracts keno off to kilo salt out hans full of sea water with his for me to long wooden rake. he goes back and forth all day long. there is a receiver, no problem and you have never done this before. i've never done manual labor. i have a lot of experience as a researcher, but that's not very physical work, but it's nothing like as hard as this. bo lavolle has traded his dis job in paris to salt harvesting on either a. he's a trained fire chemist conducting research for the nuclear industry. now he only works barefoot, dash aqua gal. i love how everything is constantly changing the nuclear even though

we keep doing the same thing. but nature is amazing. every day is different, we're. the colors are always changing the mutual ag, almost ami number could you also provide a group on his own? the idea of becoming a salt farmer came to him during the concert lockdown. he set about learning the 800 year old technique. and so should i go google across helps train the next generation of salt farmers for the cooperative. most salt farmers on the island until their harvest together through the co operative. they also conduct training together by the good currently has to trainees. the birth of a group, not like that law, that's no good look diploma. it has to be uniform to predict awesomeness. im yoko little unix, we train somewhat older people who already have some work experience. but i think having experience in other areas helps because we've sold farmers are all our own

bosses for papa butler. elderly is known for its salt farms. the craft had been at risk disappearing. but today there are once again more than a 100 salt farmers on the island logging tossed mad. i want to pass on our skills so that the craft lives on. so it's pretty easy to get started here. are you just have to work hard, but that's obvious. unless you're buying a very rough was born here and grew up around the salt plants for the 39 year old. the job runs in his blood. his father and grandfather will also salt farmers know a plessy moist. altima. i personally feel like things are changing with time. yeah, there's more precipitation and the seasons aren't as distinct as they used to be. is only by magic on their bread. let her. if they worries about the future,

the salt of operation plans are below sea level. if the sea level rises, it will flood not only the palms but whole parts of the island. and he works part time for the local government, maintaining dykes. he inspects them all twice a year. if you have, i'm protecting the cornerstone of my work. what's important to me to us today he's out on the eastern side of the island now to tell everything's in good shape here. i know this dike was rebuilt just full years ago. you will call it much higher than it was before both said the microphone or the his boss joints in for the inspection to bio chose an awful rifle. but if he can't leave it like bad by. yeah, with us cheering psychos, cynthia, in 2010, everything he flooded. now the dikes are being raised one by one of the to protect the islander on her face, off it to or it off. mark him as it was

a response to climate change to protect the next couple of generations until they can rethink things to ship. uh huh. the dykes will be done in about 6 years. your role is raking his la salt before the sun goes down. that's when his day finishes. when. oh, i'm looking forward to attending my own sol bonds as a real sold farmer, not just a trainee for and we are waiting for his dinner party with the progress he's making that day won't be far away. naples is a city of contrasts, where dilapidated apartment blocks and modern structure stand alongside historic buildings. naples is also known for its bright and dark size, and that especially true under ground. below the vibrant street of naples lies a secret world where death is helping to breed life into

a struggling community. above ground naples, sunny the neighbourhood is buzzing with life, but another world opens up to tourists to venture below. these are the catacombs of san gal. the also and san denado, a burial place dating back to the 2nd century medium call of the lap. answer cooperative is a tour guide in this neapolitan underworld. it was only in 2008 that young people like her began clearing the catacombs of garbage and rubble. to day more than $100000.00 visitors are enchanted by them each year disabled and expect this don't quit. they think it will be a much more cramped space with her. but this is a triumph of 2 for limestone. can a thing of beauty underneath the skulls and the walls, the deceased are depicted an artful frescoes. the catacombs of san gowdy also were a burial place for the clergy and upper classes. in the 17th century,

social status is revealed through garments and tools. the catacombs are an asset to those living above. this part of the old town used to be one of naples poorest areas suffering from crime, unemployment, and the mafia. but tourists have brought change weeks as he could become for pizza, coffee, or something sweet dar, they're saying good things about our neighbourhood now, a little bit of a multi tourist, lots of tourists stops. look at all the beautiful things they see walking about was admittedly, the catacombs have brought the co op members work and a future in their own neighbourhood. banana until i went back to school, got my degree and learnt languages, things i had given up on a long time ago. todd to preserve the delicate early christian frescoes of san denado, their only illuminated briefly when tourists visit medium hopes. anita can be an example for other places is but we want to explore this model and get others

excited by the idea requiring we can create big change from the bottom up. i don't that i think i'm in the sunny to a neighbourhood is proving that drawing on the past can bring positive change for those living in the present. and we're turning off the lights here in the studio, in a short while to that's all from us. this week at focus on europe. bye for now. ah. ah ah, ah,

with who a asia love this guy. this time while i'm pool. how does bring people together in

a culturally diverse city painting with a human or that is so different? it with we're all good to go beyond deal with as we take on the world. i do all these were all about the stories that matter to you whatever it takes. hi police, my a. do you know we are, your is actually on fire made for mines stories

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up to date and in touch. follow us with ah, ah ah, business dw, news ly, from berlin brushing forces come closer to taking the key city of sierra the next, as they step up their offensive across the east of ukraine. also coming up there,