south a mother was going to spend the rest of her life behind bars from margaret her 3 daughters. if you could call me back, i went in with i see the site that was part of psychosis isn't awful. illness. postpartum is a nasty mothers nightmare starts june 4th on d w. m. ah, with when we need to travel from point a to point b to b were inundated with option one on transportation optimized for 5 comfort and

convenience, but readily. so for the environment and ecosystem we drive or ride development on eco india this week, let's look at how we can marry model mobility solutions and environmental sustainability. hello, welcome. i'm fund that. i'm 1st, let's zoom in on some numbers to understand the impact of transportation or not environment and take stock afford green solutions that are already in practice. the transportation of people and goods accounts for almost one 3rd of global c o. 2 emissions during the corona, virus crisis locked downs, unsuspended travel resulted in a drop in world wide emissions from 8.5 to 7.2 giga tons. but that figure needs to be reduced further to 5.7 giga tons by 2030 to meet the paris climb as grima target that seeks to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees

celsius according to the international energy agency policies that promote the blending of true low carbon fuels are critical to de carbonized aviation shipping and heavy duty road rate. but almost half of the c o 2 emitted by the transport sector is generated by cars and other light vehicles. at $3.00 giga tons per year eco bring via technologies and better urban infrastructure could allow us to stay mo valve while the missing volunteer. c o 2 look at us low. despite growth c o 2 emissions are dropping and noise capital direct greenhouse gas emissions from road traffic have dropped by more than 15 percent since 2009. 1 of the reasons is that reduction in car traffic and offload tolls on cars

entering the city. and car free zones and to make driving less attractive. former parking spaces now serve as bike lanes. boosting public transports appeal is another solution. puny is the 7th most popular city in india. here even school children learn how to get around town in an eco friendly way. they are encouraged to use the bus rapid transit network. most of the buses currently run on natural gas, but $300.00 in the fleet already powered by electricity. alternative means of propulsion such as electricity or hydrogen, are still only found in just under one percent of all vehicles, worldwide high a purchase prices and a lack of loading stations. our reasons for 2 wheat is loading stations in small neighborhood store could be part of the answer. with some 12000000 of these stores

in india, they could drive the shift to electric motor bikes. electric powered air caps and transport. drones are best suited to short distances, but mass production is still a long way off. in the short term cable cars could also relieve traffic congestion. in bolivia, mexico, and in columbia, they are already integrated into the public transport system. it's an idea of, it's also in the pipelines in india, where a ro play service is planned for the city of a nazi now the humble bicycle occupied a special place among working class indians for decades, especially because it was cost effective and utilitarian. modernization introduced foster modes of transportation and bicycles was sidelined but in the last few years

with increasing traffic congestion and pollution. many cities in india introduced private b as you go bikes. we visited m the bowden west india to understand how they fit into the cities mobility plan. ah uncut gum dollars cycles for bought of his 5 kilometer commuting to work. but he doesn't own a site. he writes a different one each day. and it's always ready to go with the click through annette. it is part of one of india's largest bike shipping services called my bike and gone. i really enjoy it. yeah, my recommendation. i missed, i really like my bag because the cycles. i even baskets that there i can store things like my laptop lunch books in what waterloo?

i got it for my commute. i cycled through the bus down and bought the bike over there. and then i take a bus, a few stops, and grab another my bike to reach my office or my bike, like if the office that i thought was i would come to our lives. and i'm of the book which like other cities in india, is working to integrate 2nd shooting into the public transport system. here that system includes a fleet of buses that operate in normal traffic, as well as others find their own dedicated lanes. growing pollution has spurred the bush for better public transport across indian cities. the biggest cause for this is where he comes, who's ownership is going up across the country and therefore, so is the traffic which causes more pollution and higher emissions. amazon bod is known to have one of the best public transport systems in india. but that is room for improvement. a recent study found that more people would use public transport

if the city improved what's known as lost, my connectivity. that is cross boat, that bridges the gap between travelers, homes, and their nearest bus or metro stop. what we tried to do was to talk to people about days, travel, behave in depth. how are they traveling? where to, where do they go? and what are the modes that they typically use? it is not just focus on bus. it is also focused on shuttle onto the show sort of lucas from the animal planet. so understanding that travel needs is what they're trying to do. last my connectivity is very important. for the public transportation nicholas at the center of excellence for transport and i am at the bug alban planning experts worked with the focus group to advance the city's public transport system in for the loss. mylo moore doesn't just credit yearly, have dependent on rituals,

private or shared, or simply on their own 2 feet. but good, your services can be unreliable or expensive than walking can be uncomfortable and even unsafe, particularly for women, chartered accountant, or just sony's trying to offer an alternative with my bike. he loaned the service in 2013 and initially spent ears optimizing it by studying commuter behavior. he believes bike, sure thing is the key to solving the problem of lost my connectivity. and more you're talking about health issues. my bike is one of the on, so you're talking about climate change. my mike is one of the on. so you talk about ottoman mobility, but i think condition my mike is the on. so ah, you talk about mental health and happiness. i am sure not a, not many people realize this, but a lot of my bakers ride my bike because of the mental strength and happiness that they get out of it. other by sharing platforms exist and i'm about to. but this one

is among the largest. it now has $10000.00 cycles used by over 500000 people across the country at do rupees or less than $0.03 a day bought through the up the services affordable and appeals to a white consumer base. ah, i'm of the firm belief that convenient says so is my alternative that m as in been going to be convenient for the user? if yes, then i have a market for my product. if not, i move it. and that's how we position my baby, make me the service available at the stations. city offices have also made note of its potential to boost public transport and help got carbon emissions from private vehicles. in 2014, it started its own bike shooting project called am the bike to integrate mobility services like my bike into the city wide network. so vio and go do this on the bike

system into the be artist. you provided them spaced along with the artist coder and now the people can use a cycle to reach their destination and they can use the b as, as that means not currently only 13 percent of them are the bugs. residents use public transport that's lower than the country average. but with the metro network under construction, the city is seeking to increase that chair to 30 percent by 2030 writers like on kit com dollar give offers. and so that i'm about will reach that goal. he used to be the only one in his office who cycle to work. now, several of his colleagues have already followed his lead. bicycles have made a comeback world war, especially with their promise of being environmentally friendly. a project in columbia capital buddha is experimenting with using electric bike to transport news

to the city center. how's that fading? let's take a look. logo time is a big, dirty and noisy city. air pollution kills about 2000 people here every year. the air quality and the colombian capitals, often so bad than environmental state of emergency has to be declared greenhouse gas emissions linked to the transporting of goods by road contribute significantly to the problem. but that is sent a change in part, thanks to people such as daniel sanchez, he used to be part of the problem. now he's part of the solution of pioneer of change on the streets of boca time. me there on this ng i used to drive a truck. there were always 2 of us on yellow tag on the boat. everything took a long time because the traffic jam with on having to look for a place to park last. frank gordon is for was covered under statue. it was really tiring, hasn't the almost comes out? now he drives an electric delivery tricycle. this is the cross docking station at

the edge of the city center. goods are transferred here from large trucks to the small eco friendly vehicles for delivery into downtown the project was launched by the municipality. since last year, the green alliance has headed the city government for the 1st time. welcome. eliza cnp also says that i worked at a small sodium of transport is responsible for about 79 percent of particulate emissions here. and i thought them, if you on it on 39 percent, that amount results from transporting goods by road, gentle, busy mother, you got to think what? by switching to these new vehicles, we can cut emissions by 16 metric tons a day when it so the impacts will be hugo followed unclosing particles. don't compliment this. the world bank has made $300000.00 available to the project. it's still early days. during the current pilot phase,

the fleet of small electric delivery vehicles, numbers just 15 there the work of a start up in met a iin. but the model designed for that city needs to be adapted to conditions in bogota. lecoq that he says union more little he think logistics are very different from medi in when i got the made it in bogota, retailers are concentrated in one district and okay, now the size of my distances covered are much larger than that. so the wear and tear and the electric components is greater and a wad in place. how did yeah, i need to innovation and start working on improving the motor. and the battery is, i don't know. so we can provide the companies in the project and but inefficient solution. the lola cargo tricycles can carry one cubic meter of goods. that's about 18th, the volume of a standard delivery truck. daniel sanchez as destinations today are small shops and pharmacies. he works on commission, so for him, time is money,

and he zips from one customer to the next. he maneuvers his electric bike through traffic gems. he's glad to be rid of his truck. oh, when is that? if he goes as he is la maya and traffic, it's just the best thing. bought of ziegler yell bought, i can go bike lanes, the sidewalks, the audio where am i, can take shortcuts, an orange before yoga. i can get to any point really fast. she's the moment, it's much better than before. not being stuck in traffic, not having to look for a parking place, makes delivering goods more efficient. several companies have signed up to the project. they not only want to cut their harmful emissions, but also save time and money doing so. new teresa is a major manufacturer of processed and convenience foods. it's an ideal candidate

for taking part in the pilot phase of the project. in colombia, most of its products are sold and small corner shops and by street vendors it'd be lot odella or maybe the pilot phase has been running for just one month. i feel room that the results are already very significant and very positive. i look at, i saw i face company as mach 6 other companies in the city have also joined the project. yup. and i hope many more will to it out, is it got a got mass locus? is woman i using sustainable methods of transport has many advantages for bethany right? for people's quality of life, the environmental neck and the development of open logistics. bnb. yes. how do you know he think oil as he dies? it's too soon to evaluate the pilot project as a whole. but daniel sanchez, for one hopes it will prove a success and set a precedent. he says his work days are a 3rd shorter now and his earnings higher. he also enjoys the attention passers by

our fascinated the almost under joy. but i like that when i imagined the bad people ask me of that you're by going to know, i say, sadly, no, it's not a lie. and anybody's him, we chaired at a find a really cool and think it's a good idea. all. no exhaust nothing that harms the environment. she sang and thus yell may feel i'm promoting change in though, because they ask in duncanville, he still takes the bus home. but he's saving up to buy a good bike and then he will contribute even more to the greening of bogo time. ok question in mobility planning is this rich fuel is most feasible while also being environmentally friendly? hydrogen is often mentioned as the fuel of the future and as an alternative to fossil fuels. but again, hydrogen to really need these high expectations on water, try to dig funding. or we really have to talk

about the big buzzword in the world of energy, hydrogen, hydrogen nitrogen reaching the wonders of oxygen. it's the magic fuel that can power our cars, trucks, trains, ships and planes. and the best thing, any byproduct of consuming that fuel is walter again, and yet it comes with it. this all sounds great. maybe just a little too great. let's take a closer look and see what's behind the hype around hydrogen. today, almost all the hydrogen we produce is used to make other things like fertilizer or petroleum, but it's never made it big as a fuel. it's just always been easier and cheaper to directly burn fossil fuels and steady. but that is changing. as the world is slowly waking up to the climate crisis, companies and entire countries are committing to not only reduce emissions, but to reach net 0 that 00 emission this year. this is for this annex. she's

the lead hydrogen analyst at bloomberg and he f. a market research firm. well it, nat geo, everyone has to do something. and that means that you need solutions for areas where electricity is going to struggle to provide massage yet. and that's where we see the sweet spot for hydrogen. we can use hydrogen to clean up heavy transports. a study showed that pretty much all container ships going from china to the us could run on hydrogen fuel cells. they might only have to reduce cargo space by some 5 percent, or at a refueling stop. while there are no hydrogen powered ships traverse in the oceans, yet there are some promising pilot projects. the same goes for aviation. in 2020, the 1st commercial sized hydrogen powered plain took off. and major acro manufacturer, abas' is working on 3 hydrogen models that it says might be ready to deploy. as soon as 2035 long haul flights will probably be a challenge. but a new study estimates that even running shorts and medium whole flights of hydrogen

could cut aviation emissions by up to a 3rd. this very simple elements can actually solve a very complicated problem. it can help cut emissions and some of our most polluting sectors. so we're going to need a lot more of the stuff and this is where the whole thing gets a little bit tricky because not all hydrogen is created equal. in fact, that's a whole rainbow of different ways to make the stuff. the vast majority, almost 90 percent of all hydrogen that's produced today is what's called grey hydrogen made from fossil fuels, mainly natural gas making the fuel of the future that supposedly so green is actually a pretty dirty business. if you want to use hydrogen as a clean fuel, we 1st need to clean up its production. and there are 2 main ways to go about this . the 1st one being blue hydrogen blue when we're talking about i

blue hydrogen peripheral to fossil fuels with carbon capture and storage. this means we still make hydrogen from natural gas in a process called the methane reforming. that does produce c o 2, but instead of letting these emissions escape into the atmosphere produces claim they can catch them and then store them under grounds or turn them into materials we can use for other purposes. sounds pretty right, right. and it would be, if it worked to hydrogen, actually has a very, very large greenhouse gas quicker. this is robert, how, of who co authored a study that made quite a splash in the energy world. turns out that the greenhouse gas footprint of, of the blue hydrogen is worse than if you simply burned the natural gas directly for fuel. instead, not nothing, nothing low emissions about it at all. the oil and gas industry often promises to be able to remove around 90 percent of emissions when making blue hydrogen. but the reality looks different. human rights and geo global witness calculated that this

blue hydrogen facility and canada run by shell only managers to catch around half the emissions at creates. and this gets even worse when you take into account leaks along the supply chain. while the gases processed and transported these release methane into the atmosphere, a greenhouse gas that in the short term is more than 80 times more powerful and warming the planets than c o 2 ah. but despite this blue hydrogen made its way into the official hydrogen strategies of major economies, like you came to us, japan and the european union report so that there was some pretty serious lobbying efforts behind that could the director of strategy of, of the oil and gas industry, quite frankly, but again the science doesn't support it, it's pure marketing and it's marketing. the goal it's, it's be frank as to, is to keep selling fossil fuels to the world while pretending it's,

it's going to get better. we wanted to hear what the oil and gas industry had to say about this. so we put these criticisms to the hydrogen council and industry group which counts fossil fuel giants like b, p shell and saudi aramco among at steering members. unfortunately, they said that didn't find the time to respond. thank you. hi, jan is a mistake. it will cost us a lot in the future. this is chris jackson, who founded protean, u k. company that focuses on green hydrogen. but i do believe that waivers, all that is by arguing about it, i think it's about building better projects and better technologies. and that's what we want to do with reminder to make green hydrogen. you simply use renewable energy from sources like wind or solar to power and electrolysis. this produces no emissions, and so you end up with truly clean hydrogen. today only a tiny fraction of hydrogen is green and it's actually still pretty expensive compared to the other forms. but that is set to change for 2 reasons. one

electrolyzer is are getting cheaper because we're moving to larger projects with more up scaled manufacturing. ah. so that's, that's the biggest thing. and to prices for renewables have fallen consistently and continued to do so. bloomberg and yet predicts that green hydrogen will be cheaper than blue hydrogen by around 2030 and cheaper than gray hydrogen by 2050. so as that is problem solved, we just make tons and tons of green hydrogen and then run our anti economies on it . well, unfortunately, it's not that simple. one big challenge that remains is hydrogen's relatively low energy density. you need about 3 times more space to store the same amount of punch compared to natural gas. so we will likely have to build a lot of new storage facilities, depending on how much hydrogen will actually needs. and how much that's going to be is a tricky question. renewable electricity is still scarce, precious resource, we should use it as effectively as efficiently as we can. hydrogen may not be the

best with hygiene can be used for everything, but it doesn't, it should. so the feature is finding a balance between what we use battery and what we use. the hydrogen passenger cars are a great example for this. they can run on hydrogen fuel cells, but turning electricity into hydrogen, transporting it to refueling stations, pumping it into a fuel cell. to then convert that back to electricity is just not very efficient. about 60 percent of the energy you put in gets lost along the way. alternatively, if you could just use the same energy to directly charge a lithium ion battery, the powers an electric motor here, only 20 percent of the energy gets lost with trucks. it's a slightly different story. it was long believed that batteries weren't going to work here to move heavy trucks. unit loads of them which take up valuable cargo space and long charging times and really grateful business either. but it seems

this technology race isn't over yet. batteries are becoming more powerful and charging times are going down so much. so that's this reason study points towards battery electric trucks dominating the market in the future. ah, hydrogen is by no means the silver bullet that will help with everything. but it does make sense in some cases. so where do we go from here that we're really at the point at which now a. busy lot of time, a lot of effort, a lot of momentum has been built around hydrogen and 2022 through to 20. 20 sakes are really the years where we now need to demonstrate that momentum is converse ins . we'll ask that and real production of being agent. and if we don't see that mistake, hey, them are really going to be struggling to hit climate goals over off. so now is the time for hydrogen to prove that it can really get as big as it's hype. mm transportation for the future will surely need a v. pink eye cut and practices are harming the environment. there's no doubt about

that. i hope it is. episode has contextualize the problem for you and provided some solutions for the direction we should be moving towards. i'll leave you with that and see we're getting next week from all of us in india and germany. good bye. and thanks for watching with

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