the very nice so that we have concerned at this moment in time. thank you very much . michelle. yeah, that attacked back in 201612. died in that 56 were injured, and we're getting reports of around 30 injured. possibly one day will bring you up to date. as michelle mentioned, affects that documentary on the volcanic past of germany's eiffel region, and if it could erupt to life again, for news, go to our website or follow us on instagram or twitter, and painful and feel. gail, we'll have you used next out. it is a secret war, the scene endless one axis of the conflict between iran on the one hand and israel in the united states on the other for more than 40 years. the adversaries have been irreconcilable. the long war, israel, iran usa,

starts june 15th on d. w the volcanic i full, a landscape forged in fire, shaped by awesome elemental forces, deep under ground, huge glowing chunks of rock. ash that covered everything in minutes and formed a one of a kind landscape. the volcanoes fell silent some 10000 years ago, but they're only sleeping is something brewing deep below the surface of the eiffel. how great is the danger that the volcanoes will rule back to life

in the east of the volcanic eiffel, near under knock, the forces lurking beneath the earth show themselves a cold water garza the highest in the world. every 2 hours, the water jet erupt reaching up to 60 meters in the air. the guys a leaps explains mineral adjust thorsten lambert's he fussy, not soon associated as yours. wage guys are

a russian is unique papa. just as age volcanic eruption is unique, hot ashes. the rupture and unleashes powerful volcanic forces deep beneath the eiffel. as carbon dioxide from the fluid. magma meets the ground water . more and more, c, o. 2 bubbles, collect 350 meters below the surface. when it finally erupt, the entire water column is propelled upward. just look, man, just eat bugs in it, but ask on here you can really see and feel the whole volcanic process on these but helps you understand the pressure and power behind it. should another volcano arrived in the eiffel in bonds yet i didn't because present but when will that happen? the volcanoes of the eiffel were long thought extinct. now we know there only dormant deep under ground. the cauldron is still bubbling.

the traces of the last inferno, a still clearly visible to day at 1st glance, lake laugh is a tranquil body of water, but it was created by the most powerful volcanic eruption in recent central european geological history. 13000 years ago. it's traces can be found on the near by vin gets big front. ne amended the geologist goes to hoffman. if bon university, the wool is a window into the distant past. the launcher for that's a 1000 johns are 13000 years ago. this landscape didn't look fundamentally

different from to day, and then suddenly there was disclosure and at hurled ash and rocks some 40 to 50 kilometers into the atmosphere. feeling sure that the massive eruption lasted several weeks as 1000 degrees celsius. magma met a groundwater reservoir. ah, the mountain top above was blown off by an explosion of steam, as a huge column of ash was catapulted kilometers up into the air. in one is steve, sir. at some point, this column collapsed and red hot ash rushed through the landscape lunch along the valleys and through the broad valley. for instance, when it reached the rhine river, which already existed back, then it cut the river off.

ash and debris swept over everything and left behind a blanket, several meters deep in scuff gotten outs. follow from these were colonels both arm to south stone descried this volcanic eruption, damned the rhine and created a reservoir around. what is now if you today is the law to damage. at some point the dam broke and the hunters and others settled in the area experienced to catastrophes and one lifetime con oh sport. first option, a volcanic eruption and then a gigantic water search that went to all the way down the rhine valley into today's netherlands. as div will can exclude zorn done as of this volcanic explosion of it was more an

explosion than an eruption. this explosion, 13000 years ago, left us traces were, as you can see them on the wall here. does it for us? these are, this is like a history book. we can study it and essentially read had this volcanic explosion happened, kill off each single layer. is like a high resolution snapshot of an individual phase of the russian hill torn. ah, hoffman regularly leads groups of scientists through here. the layers of the wall reveal the stages of the volcanic eruption. he does. it doesn't say english does the anomaly riser ins or, and what crazy is that such a lair usually shows several tens of thousands of years, a few rungs and here and here we have a 30 meter cross section that represents a few weeks at most. this is just a few minutes. this single layer is a collapsing cloud of embers or any of those channels nym. and if i pull the stone

out, this is maintenance of not and, and for thir, louis and a we night with a rare blue mineral expelled from the magma. the eiffel is one of the most important sites for it in the world. the north american bank, if you look at it's under a magnifying glass, it's really beautiful. the vin gets bad vans, is part of the unesco volcanic eiffel geo park hoffman and his team developing an app to allow virtual travel through the volcanic landscape. everything is precisely scanned and measured. ah ma'am. the gue parking tom, i assure, using the volcanic eiffel geo park as a reference model, as it's the very 1st gio park in germany, that offers a completely digital turning package. all points of interest in this park can be

viewed the de sac them to guitar approve. the app works with super precise satellite data, much more exact than basic navigation or hiking apps. the vine had ghana desert vanity money and we want to not the while back there and 3 d doff have to do this. you need a lot of photos and the right image processing software. if the john can get close enough, you can get a good 3 d image. gunbar, madonna, the drone can also reach sections of the wolf that are otherwise difficult to access. the camera scans at high resolution, so the computer can later generated detailed image the

various lay is in the wall or especially interest. they consist mainly as pumice and tough interspersed with rock fragments dragged up by the volcanic eruption. ah, thus young having aspect, munson rossi, the thing, it's back, van shows all the sediments, this uncanny corruption unrest. and it's been geologically proven that there were different eruption phases, but you have to imagine it's not like an exploding powder keg, but like several atomic bombs on it. and that's how powerful a y at home bump. so janish madison with brittany i had and what i was quoted as lot of these were under a group hampshire. so we can't rule out a fresh eruption on lake lock or other volcanic structures. here in the eiffel said, we can only hope that would be enough. warnings was, for example,

in the form of earthquake swarms when we don't want to paint a horse scenario. but if what happened 13000 years ago happened again to day in a densely populated region like the rhineland of it. as such, it would be catastrophic island to mitch charles fall large cities like bone industrial plants and refineries. the rhineland chemical belt cologne, with more than a 1000000 people. how can the region possibly protect itself from such a natural disaster? the federal academy, the civil protection and disaster assistance. b, a. b k in the our valley generate scenarios for such disasters. professor klaus writer is researching possible consequences of a fresh eruption of the lake lock volcano. to look,

nibbled. soon. soil gave him disable. there would be a very high eruption. column sign of the echoes would be closed off immediately. and music landing simply with be possible. then you'd have to see how far and how quickly the rushing cloud spreads, depending on the wind direction would have increased or not. ah, when would you believe fossil fulton, we'd have to consider whether roads were still usable to weather critical infrastructure like trains and the power grid still worked. current, certain vehicles may be able to drive on the freeways to evacuate people ebook, but then things would get to forwards and backwards. there is no other option. so i b host to comb pool and to luke on to skip that with this good enough. the move isn't of a shape, okay, depending on where we are,

they will probably be casualties as well for that. so indeed, hospitals must be prepared for the specific types of injuries that volcanic eruptions can cause cotton, especially burns, restart slow. they have to have dedicated burn unit so, but they also need specialized units for se amputations and emergency surgical procedures if that would be necessary after an earthquake by up beam versus us. unless we just know modern. ah, that is it even possible to prepare for such a disaster? if a coolant spleen, the odor for evacuation plans or rules of conduct, what people should do in a specific situation that's difficult. and right now there are no plans in place for life and my that may be mistaken, but i don't think it's absolutely necessary. yeah. unlike with flooding of volcanic eruption allows, more response time was, was it trust me, it's i,

tom volcanic eruptions come with ample warning in the form of tremors and gas emissions at lake law. it's easy to forget that the ground below has still not settled. the old volcanic crater is a unique natural paradise. but at the lake's eastern shore, there are still signs of volcanic activity. mo fits carbon dioxide, bubbling up through the water. ah, near by the jesuits built a study and recreation home for young monks in 1970. when 8 of them died, inexplicably gas emissions from the lake shore were blamed.

the young men were buried on the grounds of today's maria law abbey, in the crypt under one of the smaller chapels, whether the monks really asphyxiated has never been confirmed. mm hm. but professor hoffman and his team of geologists, the lake is of great interest. the mo fits are important to better understand volcanic activity in the eiffel. and to observe any changes. with turn view isn't your fluff isn't fitting to a g assigned to sit and us with the more fits show that there is still

a volcanic activity. here's the stuff and it's not only ever molten rock that comes out of the ground in gordon. it's mostly gas. gas and this is why the amount of escaping gas is continuously monitored. ah, andy, it's infos jack because if we saw gas emissions increasing, it would be a sign that there is activity under ground, perhaps indicating a coming volcanic eruption host or invoice. today we know that the gas bubbles are mostly carbon dioxide escaping from huge magma, chambers about 40 kilometers under ground. but what does that tell us? does the gas come from the magma the eruption brought forth 13000 years ago, which is still slowly cooling? or is fresh magma foaming under the lake? a new study involving research has from several german institutes,

raises these question numerous weak trem as at great depths indicate that magma is in motion. but there are no further signals so far that the volcano is preparing for another eruption. further west, the famous mars are evidence of how volcanoes shaped the landscape here. the deep eyes of the eiffel the vine failed manya, down is locally called the ma of the dead, because of the neighboring cemetery. with its closed crater ring, the pu vermont is the deepest at more than 70 meters. it seems bottomless for

photography, cloudy. see by gibbet, the shelton marin mom is the most beautiful. she is published a book of underwater photos from the crater lakes, which she worked on for years. though, they're under the tree, there are always fish among i. one side gigantic hike. bear declined the smell patch always hide under the tree among the branches. that's nice too. i'm always happy to see that dawson she comes here again and again, even when the temperatures drop in the full. but it's the very special underwater world of the eiffel mass that fascinates her,

the most 3 below the surface, the water of the mars, he still remarkably clear no matter the season. oh, at this time of year the water is only 10 degrees celsius in winter. it goes down to 3 or 4 degrees. oh ah much my husband's it is cuz she lives in a coffee. sometimes it feels like the caribbean because of the turquoise blue water

fall and there are so many fish f pete fisher. if you just love quietly, they will spell right by you by common. and when you die unkind spot height, mccardle and tension detached. there's really a lot to say. oh, as, as a smoker. sh. they feared suzanne. down here flora and fauna a bound. although most of the mars have no regular water inflow, they're fed solely by rain water, which 1st seeps through volcanic rock, lay as before flowing into the mark. well filtered and clean with less mish done, e dot on thought fascinates me as the depth of some of the mars. the program are a 70 meters deep and the shaggy man mar is 35 meters deep. on monday you can get a feel fred steps at the crater room when you see how the sharp drop continues

under the steep shores. what when was it that we need to be aware that it could go off at any time? that's just the way it is. on fossil the, let's south, the last option was 12 or 13000 years ago. scientists say one should occur roughly every 10000 years. so in fact were overdue. ah. mars and volcanic cones grace the landscape with their magical charm and attest to the fiery past of the volcanic eiffel. volcanic activity you still everywhere,

even if it's not always apparent at 1st glance. ah. in the volcanic deisel region, the earth's surface is rising by about one millimeter per year, even more in some places. this can only be measured from high in the air. what's causing this? is it the gases rising from the magma chambers deep underground, or hot springs? when the full comes to the eiffel traces of past volcanic activity can be found in the topography of the landscape. bustled columns, rise from some of the numerous volcanic cones often hexagonal. the figures were shaped thousands of years ago during a volcanic eruption when hot lava escaped and then slowly cooled.

in the quarries of the volcanic eiffel, lava, basalt has been mined for centuries. as here near the village of strewn in the past, the hard stone was used for building houses and paving roads. even the banks of the rhine were fortified with 6 sided battled columns. today the stone is mostly crushed into gravel and grit. bene, dow is the master of strewn stone. he manages the b quarry and knows the long history of the place or he and either stolen beyond the were 3 big eruptions here. 34000 years ago. have these guns, this whole valley filled up with lava follicles. the geologists are still looking for the old off back valley. down here, then off does, i'll fucked up the

lava flow solidified and formed a wide 30 meter thick layer of basalt. a is equal to my grandmas, you look over there, for example, you can tell the difference. down below you can see the basalt lair and further up these words where it gets more reddish. you can see the lyric lava, you know, that you can really tell there's a heart sugar just like back there. that's the bustle slur edge. you can see the lava above it. in 1969 quarry work has stumbled across a sensation. a blast released a huge rock formation from the quarry wall, 15 meters up. at 1st, they weren't sure what they were looking at. a cor sample cleared it up. it was a gigantic lava bomb that had been flung out of the volcanic crater.

regarding what allowable him of the strong lava bomb was discovered back there and just lay there for some time. finally, the municipality of strawn decided they wanted it sooner than the question was, had to get the thing over there. oh, it weighs $120.00 tons. how do you move a stone, measuring almost 5 meters across, over the fields from the quarry to the village? with odds, the line this all up on up the loudest visited bid that i and the up is they waited until the ground had frozen over the winter islands lapkins as i am to 5. and they welded big iron plates together and rolled the bomb onto them. when not on mid, i'd ashby, i took a large caterpillar and a bulldozer, cushing from behind to move the boulder across the field to where they wanted it that i felt decided although online michigan occupied oh but where did the giant rock come from?

the cool sample revealed that the lava bomb consisted of many layers that had built up one after the other around a corps like an onion. the lava bomb was probably flung upwards during the eruption, and then repeatedly rolled back into the crater of the active volcano. in the process, it became thicker and thicker before it was finally encased in molten lava, where it remained until it was exposed in the quarry. to day it's the main attraction of the small village of strewn. volcanic stone from the eiffel region was coveted building material. as early as the middle ages, the maria law abbey was built mainly out of dark basalt and light tough.

ah, that often cathedral tough is even found on the 8 sided central structure, the famous carolyn g in octagon ah, volcanic stone from the nearby, i full was also shipped along the rhine to help build cologne's cathedral. ah, and i feel tough was continually used for repair work. brave men from the mineral rich village a vi been helped ah, in 19 o one, a railroad line was built now popular with tourists as the vulcan express. this

brought the stone like tough pumice and bustled to the rhine. at the winter harbor in bro, all, it was then loaded on to ships, a lifeline for the eiffel. and a stroke of luck for the village. a vibe, an with volcanic eruptions, 400000 years ago, deposited a massive layer of tough perfect building material for churches. tough is light and easy to work with. follow up in a if you look back from the 19th century onwards, at the construction of cathedrals and vault ribbing you realize this is ideal material lightweight and able to bear. heavy loads is thus an ice bo either immense length ideal for the slender arches stretching toward the heavens.

the wolves of hamburg were also built with tough from vi been. the stone mason's gave the stone its characteristic surface texture, with hammers, chisels and wedges. oh, why? oh look, you'll shit. the day for quarry was also the production site in the stone was still damp when it was brought to the storehouse on lava and van cut into rough sizes for the stone macey research. i imagine. swish, gotten rid of? i hope so. at the start of the 20th century, more than 1200 stone male is work till tough from vi been brought a real boom to the small village. tooth gush each vice shine tough is a soft stone made up of solidified to fall. connect ash logwood,

depending on where they are found. the layers can be course, are quite fine, good guns, fine, or tangent at georgia here, the jeep man, the, there are a number of houses here, where you can see that the masters on the cory owners had the money to have elaborate facades built on da avenue of us and jewish vidal was able to afford its own water and sewer network earlier than other villages, and had electricity as early as 1915. but the demand for tough fell from the 19 sixty's onwards, and the boom ended to day. the many tough houses still bear witness to the villages, former prosperity

the many volcanic cones of the eiffel, when not only used as quarries, some of them still provide living spaces today. for the rule is of the middle ages. the top of such a volcano was a good place for a fortress. there were plenty of stones for building. and what a panorama old brook counsel, for example, sits proudly a top, a 460 meter high volcanic cone. the new a book stands even higher at an altitude of more than 670 meters. but he's better known for the famous race course at the foot of the mountain. ah, the newer bo agreeing was originally built to provide the poor i full region with

a new source of income. and under the asphalt, on which famous racing drivers have done their laps, lie masses of lava basalt, from the quarries of the volcanic eiffel did your ability even when bearing enormous loads made them the ideal foundation. ah, to day it's almost forgotten that the ancient ruin of new above castle sits on an extinct volcano. but the volcanic origin of many places can be seen from above. the room. a bed is a cone of solidified slag in front of it is the strewn mar. it's almost completely silted up. sh. some of the extinct volcanoes provide the

perfect conditions for recreational athletes. the mere failed ma, for example, is popular with paraglider is what sets this mar apart from. others is the form of its crater rim. it's very steep and so exposed in some places that it makes for just the right takeoff slope. above the steep curved crater rim, you can fly perfect circles if the wind is right. and with a view like this, it's like a dream come true. the volcanic hi, phil is a world of water and not only because of its many mars, there are plenty of places where water rises to the surface. as in the vault she

looked with its steep wools of volcanic tress, less spectacular, but still valuable for the region is another phenomenon. there are springs everywhere in the eiffel. some hidden in the middle of the forest. andreas schuler from the volcanic eiffel, geo park knows where these drains come from. in the case of the guys are in under. no, it's carbon dioxide that drives the ground water up through the volcanic rock. that's the xander garcia. the special aspect of this area is the fact that the water contains not only minerals, but also a significant amount of carbon dioxide, dove iceman oshima. and we know from chemical studies that this c o 2,

like other gases, originates from the venting process of the magma deep in the earth's cross list and the upper mantle. i was also, you could say that the eiffel is mineral waters also contain the breadth of the volcanoes and heighten the word drain is celtic for willing spring. does this year, thea, this is the dash i to raise it's carbonated it's fizzy and also has a very, very high iron content on top. in fact, it's the mineral water with the highest iron content in the volcanic i. 4th eisen, guardiola we con ah, dash, hide garage, dine down. almost every community here has its own spring. the settlements grew up

around them. at least they saw in some island, men of these waters contain minerals in the guns and another may even have medicinal applications, intuitive properties like a lost via and so the idea arose to capitalize on these properties, to bring some cash into the regions. muffin also, if us getting the lagoon supreme. today, the volcanic eiffel is known for its many varieties of curative mineral water. the rule lake in the north west of the eiffel is also a drinking water reservoir. a massive dam holds back the ruler river. at almost 80 meters in height, it protects the people down stream from a catastrophic flood. but what would happen if the dam was damaged say by a powerful earthquake? this is why deep down in the damn daily inspections are performed to ensure

everything is in order. this is the job of dam safety engineer, band heart hookin. a pendulum shows every little movement. minimal swings are normal. they mean the dam is functioning properly. but what if the near by volcanic eiffel starts to rumble? if the volcanoes reawaken earthquakes would be the 1st signs really in my end, what's one that's why we're talking about around 200000000 cubic meters of water at a dom height of 77 meters. if something happened it would be huge. and so we just have to make sure that safety is guaranteed around the clock if it is here in the far south of the volcanic eiffel lies an important measuring station

else. cancel stands in a side valley of the mosul river. dr . brigitte took snuff maya in truen heads the signs my logical observer treat at cologne university. she and her colleague klaus fleischer visit the 12th century castle regularly. they have no interest in orioles or turrets. they're going under ground. ah, here in the deepest vault of the castle, directly on the rocky ground, the university has installed a highly sensitive size, mcgrath. it registers every vibration, no matter how gentle it's your life i'm this will here any i think we have on average about 50 to

a 100 tremors a year. but most of them are so minor that they cannot be felt by humans before mentioned money wasn't ah, after now let's this for our distant trema then. exactly. isn't that something on this? i was just before 12 we'll have to take a look later on. i'm gonna go, it was relatively short quarter of all of those were just surface waves from a blast offering van from a spring or a lot of house that could be as close to be him as their strongest quake we had for a quarter with instruments. was in 2007 near plight, which had a magnitude of 3.9 and was felt over a great distance the saddle bohannon. it was in 2013 that the size, milan surgical station recorded an unusual phenomenon that has occupied the scientific world ever since. birth tremors from deep beneath the eiffel,

ah, is not. it gives me the advice lease where the deepest quakes ever recorded in germany, and they had a special signature on having not what they look different from the quakes. we usually see here that this does not necessarily mean that magma is rising, but there is definite movement and with eagle stuff into movement that could indicate that magma is gathering again on the ground. are the volcanoes becoming active? this raises questions. this is gina mismanagement in which areas should we actually expect. this is mainly in the area of lake law or perhaps even further west, where volcanic centers were more recently active for the goal is to better understand what is down there and how dangerous it may be. i don't, does a lot of c a goals shed by seismic geologist,

professor russia, at the federal academy of civil protection for his work. the measurements are important indicators, disease, beams, intake, lionesses idea should to ruin these earthquakes of very small tremors. ok. and the interesting, oh, because such an accumulation may forecast a volcanic eruption host behind is that worked really well with the law palmer eruption this year. i mean, we had seismic signals that effectively forecast this magma rise. d packaged, he says, there might be some lockman, austic, uncritical diesel, loud enough time to prepare thousands of people for the massive eruption of cooper if yes and to bring them to safety from the ash and red hot lava

knowledge, which is just as valuable for the eiffel busby, him, or in time man does, is perceived as, as be what we're doing here at the moment is passive. we're just listening to the earth and trying to interpret signals coming from different depths. this could hear him now as he to the earthquakes at lake lock were the deepest earthquakes in all of germany. a record, if there go down to about 40 kilometers it, which means that we have to position additional devices and listen to different locations and guns window she to him poor. ah, what does this, this must well, and that's what we're working on. and why the eiffel is a real laboratory for us. i'm a moving research project and why it is actually a jewel of research of volcanic activity in germany. this we can, this was in deutschland, a jew bone of fire,

a fire still smouldering deep beneath the eiffel. no one knows when the volcanoes will awaken. but one thing is certain, we will be ready for it. ah . when the sea steams up in the arctic ocean, marine biologists are researching under water climate change. the changes on not just a warning sign. rising water temperatures are becoming an existential threat for the entire echo system. close up in 30 minutes on d. w is consumerism good or evil?

how does the candy wrapper from germany end up in a river in malaysia? is basmati just the type of rice or the specific brand? the brain in packaging? why do we reach for certain products? it's all about marketing. made in germany 90 minutes on d w. it's not a question of whether the next crisis will come. but only when and how the media will deal with it. how can we stay focused on what is important? shaping tomorrow now. exploring opportunities for media professionals in times of crisis. the global media for june 2020 to your ticket now.

ah ah ah, this is the w news live from berlin. that car drives into a crowd in central berlin. police say one person is dead. several others injured and the driver is in custody. also on the program rushes foreign minister in turkey for talks about restarting ukraine's grain exports.