the conflict between iran on the one hand and israel and the united states on the other with more than 4 hears the adversaries have been irreconcilable. there is never been any real dialogue. how did this confrontation begin? how great is the danger that it was spread? the long war, she's real, iran usa starts june 15th on d, w. ah, cities and communities are growing faster. often their research systems can't keep on them. whether it's from humans, animals or industry. what we leave behind is

a burden on people and the environment on eco, and yesterday we meet individuals with bright ideas, a handling whist, hello, and welcome. i'm son of that. i hope we start with the basics, functioning toilets, a more than a convenience there. weitel to public help about a quarter of indian population lives without regular access to sanitary facilities . one social enterprises working to change that with smart, public toilets that improve hygiene and restored dignity to the open port. philly and vandalized, public toilets in a slum of for either. but in northern india the cities way system has buckled under explosive population growth, colony resident manascale. my seas. there are lots of toilets here, but many more are needed. you are lined to hailey. there's no sewage land in the

colonies, so people dig holes and korea toilets at home. it's live over here. but the people who can't afford that go out dos with every carrier. they have up without see which pipes are solid. waste management, fiegel waste ends up in bonds and water bodies around the colony. tap water here is so contaminated residence, frequently fall ill way, but still have kids here are constantly suffering from stomach aches and diarrhea, my grandmother, and now that the heat is so severe, the water problems are worse in 2014. the un identified india as the country with the highest number of people practicing opened education. that same year the government launched, the switch, bought admission or cleaning the omission since then. more than a 100000000 toilets have been installed across the country. experts say to day, only one percent of the urban population and 20 percent in rural areas, still decades in the open. a little idiom day, navy,

in slum areas we have installed community toilets at many locations. so the problem is that people living there don't use them properly to, to use an eco or the old of the have tappin started up in bulbs get stolen, sheet seats, get broken tabs, get stolen, people break the wash recently. we don't know why people do these things, but these are the issues be face that make toilet maintenance difficult. it was the problem. the problem of toilet maintenance isn't confined to open slumps. it also affects people who travel or work on draughts at kashmiri gate. a bustling met to stop in delhi. there is a clean and smart alternative. the sanitation center was built by the company, got toilets, and installed in partnership with a deli metro real corporation. nie ha coil is in charge of the project. my unc meta

is the company, c, e o and co founder. they show us why the thing this facility can make a difference. they are separate cubicles for women and men, as well as for transgender and disabled customers. we are using stainless steel because though it's indestructible, as you know, this is a high football lydia. so a lot of fob, i mean people, government, i had to do some vandalism, and people on break this. oh, so before entering the toilet, we have indicator lights here. which you can check and all know whether the toilets are occupied or not. oh, we have vall send surveys, operations you. so after every usage of flush will get a trigger, even the basins tied wrong, the sensor based. oh, so you don't need to touch anything to a washer. hence, the company monitors data like user numbers via an app centers, middle air quality. if values dip,

stop our dispatch to clean up about 800 people, use this facility every day. one visit costs 5 rupees, about half a euro cent. i was in math. i use it 2 to 3 times a week. but because these toilets are clean and safe. yeah. the problem, li, oh yeah, for safety via xander. unlike government on public toilets, the private muns are clean the use of more basic woods are free of charge. they are financed by central or local government bodies, or companies with social responsibility programs. god sees these doyle itself, some 60000 slum residents across india. there equipped with wash basins ventilation and also rely on sensor technology to flush automatically we will not clearly depending on or user to either flush the dollar and even the

cleaning self to come in and clean the toilet. so the toilet was managing all by itself. so it's self cleaning and sell flushing. envelop good mailed 40. the bad 50 are all set deal at the spends her days selling flowers on the pavement from morning to night. finding the clean, usable public toilet. she tells us has always been a challenge. up until now she's had no choice but to walk hoffer kilometer to get to one. today she's using a smart toilet for the 1st time, recently installed a stone's throw from where she walks out of the ha, ha canada. now there are no issues like there were before, no stench, they're clean and there's water too. of course, i'm happy now that i can use these toilets. the fiegel sludge is treated onsite in digester tanks and don't into liquid for the laser. and in areas where grid connectivity is scarce,

the toilets are so low powered the company sees its installed more than 2100 of its toilets nationwide catering to 230000 people from low income communities. people like flour sellers, sat there would be. it's a service that's made her long walk, be a little easier. while human excrement is not something generally viewed as useful, but in mexico it's been employed as an effective organic fertilizer. since ancient times we visited farm, said kam, posting it to grow veritable gardens of eden. yes, all last long. thomas leah nueva is so pleased with the day's harvest that he breaks into sung as he delivers the sample for the kitchen. their laughter are these jo. yes, his wife liliana, randolph will use it to prepare lunch. after working out doors, every one is hungry. allow what can thank the

water for watering the plants, the compost for feeding. again. the net that composite was made from human excrement, all perfectly normal for farmer thomas villanueva and his family. on the edge of the small mexican town of tepper, takes law in the state of mexico. the all entirely farm grows, fruits and vegetables. everything here is fertilized, exclusively with homemade human dung. no such was gonna complete the cycle. seek lord comes from me or to start yesterday and excrete out up what a process of the weakest you are loading here. the process of the composting allows us to give back to the soil what we took from anchor boulevard al, at the era, look at the so we complete the cycle and to life continues the lobby, that se they eat their own vegetables, but they also sell them at markets, all plants need nutrients to grow, especially nitrogen and phosphorus. all in

t ali is a fully organic farm, and artificial fertilizes are banned. thomas via new eva says they're expensive and bad for the soil. so he and his team invest a lot of time and effort, collecting excrement from dry toilets, mixing it with natural ingredients like stone powder or straw to transform it into a rich compost over a number of months. the activity of bacteria leads to high temperatures during compositing, that heat kills any pathogens. elgar guy followed the name of steady miss compost here is now ready yet, and it's most pleasant, like fertile soil, be of a fair deal. they used to grow various types of cabbage, beetroot broccoli, fruit, and a whole lot more. lead come to the small town of aucker to peck in the state of morales here, architect says are, and your van has also looked at ways of recycling feces. if somebody could or he

could get from the earth, this is an ecological neighbourhood that i set up more than 20 years ago. i wanted to show that homes can use dry toys and not pollute any water knock on february low . in other words, toilets that divert the urine away from the feces and that are not flushed with water. these toilets are not connected to the sewage system, either. let bear with long but here and lands in the front here, electric poop at the back. just out a bit of soil. it is. and that's it. either a lot of raw sewage in mexico flows directly into lakes rivers and the see something says are on your way, finds outrageous. he believes dry toilets of the solution and gives workshops, teaching people how to build and use them. look at your 13, the essence critical. what i'm doing is reviving the knowledge and understanding of

water that our ancestors had. if they didn't see excrement as something dirty. but it's something that needs to be returned to the earth's window. ah, this ancestors used human feces and other organic ways to develop fertile islands known as channel pass used for growing crops in wetland areas. they've been used in mexico since ancient times on one she nampa on the edge of mexico city. lucio was soup jaga wants to keep that heritage alive. latino poses from oil of book that she numbers are one rare example of how we humans have helped to promote life and biodiversity. so they're a very powerful example of how we can live in harmony with nature. now, when you're gonna put on this, he runs a regenerative farming project called out cut yetta. the idea is to grow organic, produce working as closely as possible with nature. the produce is then sold to restaurants and mexico cities. he no longer need to give back to the earth,

what we've received the ship of food. otherwise, you get an imbalance leading to pests and depleted soil. the summit of efficiency us to feed the plans properly. you need to return all that's left over, back to the soil. the sun follows this polish back to the old in t ali organic fun. thomas via new acres. customers know how his vegetables are grown and they whole heartedly approve. lug got got in illness. obscene. no tongue has a bad image in our society gamble, but we know that this composting process makes it perfectly hygenic than amazon gravel garcia. and we always like to say as that with put you never lose a harvest and but i go now must get going. yet michael said chuck as at the end of a cycle of giving and taking eating and ex greeting. something that triggers revolves and elsewhere is seen here as the most natural thing in the world.

why convulsing human excrement may be a novel concept to some animal dung is widely used in for production. but when communities live in close quarters with livestock, large amounts of manure are dangerous. the people's health and the environment. a startup in india south has some to the rescue. one willis that now don's done into energy. ah, cows are central to the livelihoods of people in the village of roger, roger, purim and family not to stay a village with farmland husbands salsa. but the push of arbin grew from the state capitol janai roughly a 3rd of its 900 households. still keep livestock and sheds next to their homes and rely on the milk to support their families. but all those goes great. massive amounts of manure. village resident parker, you saw me says it's a problem for the community. and it's groundwater. in the law, the full understanding and lots of called dongle dumped into the thought it goes

into the many open drains in clarkston which stops to rainwater from floating through. this causes disease and mosquito infestation is fever and vomiting at all . for coleman, we wanted the government to do some to help my wi fi router. the authorities done to karen agger was for help, the former banker and as a startup carbon loops and wise industrial plant operators, educational institutions, and authorities. on all aspects of waste management. they approached us and we had given them our presentation on how this ways can be used in a very positive way for the electrification of felonies the authorities awarded to start up a contract to build a bio guess blunt and the public sector and rested equal into foremost, 700000 years in it the blunder

processes between $1.00 and $1.00 and a half tons of common meal each day. a huge, really for the dairy farmers. community you did see that disposing of the dung is no longer a problem. it was really with our own way to santa fe calling on linda thought, be now collect common load from each house and processor to out, i guess it out of the gas it gin late can be used for cooking and electricity yates is stored in the generator. look, either on the i'm the grandmother, the electors, didn't paula's $1250.00 street lights each night? is one of the banner lemons out there. the little i had a garage, the community used to pay up to 1700 euros for electricity. now it cost about a 3rd less pollution levels in the local water have also gone down the river from the barrel guest, blonde and don is

a top quality for delighted high nitrogen compound. local farmers are more than happy to take it. oh, come on, new isn't the only type of waste that can be used to generate electricity. carbon loops recently put a plant into operation in another municipality that addresses food list and the currently $1.00 bens of wood brace from the market, including vegetable rates and hotel foot, which is collected and brought to this facility. again, we are crossing, it does not buy a gas plant lead and converting it into electricity. both by august, plants have the same effect, the protect the environment and increase people's quality of life by producing energy. and the former rice farmer, upper grisome. he now works with a bio guess blonde in his community,

the pilot. now the topic isn't manure, it's much easier. the fashion industry produces it every year, but a lot of it is discarded because it's either unused or damaged to bank of based on the panels are working to keep dead stock fabric out of the dumb with a website that gives materials a new lease on life bags full of fabrics that are like new but surplus to little to create a new collection but too valuable to shred. the store room of tama one village ions garment factory is jam packed with them. over production is just part of the business model. every account, let me order to fap need for each particular order. we have to always on an expired presentation just to be sure that we have enough fact me if the defect happen, or if buyer nice i to chance on quantity off eyes. then we have enough to colbert

to whole quantity. the young entrepreneur can't do much to change that. still for years, she looked for ways to solve her surplus fabric problem. then, 5 years ago, friends introduced her to financial manager. aman paule, who won on a man with a mission i wanted to make a change in terms of waste management. and given that we are in the digital ish, i think the best way to now manage to list and make it into a scalable business is through the internet. in 2018 in bangkok they founded more loop and online platform for fabric remnants of symbol yet clever concept. we're like the abby and b fossa fabric. so this hockey family,

we was sauce them from different warehouses and then they would give us the data off f, abby and a sample. and then we basically put these on to the internet so that people can come and browse and shot or lying their own collection when they produce into a t shirt. and it's easier to danny, have a sense of quality when delay, admin, a passion. they showed off their t shirts at a trade show and sold out in just 2 days from then on, things went quickly at 1st, just 5 factories sold their surplus fabric to more loop. now, more than 70 textile producers and to remnants into the database, the selection is large enough to attract corporate clients. more loop now produces tailor made products for 150 companies like insurance firms, allianz. oh wow. i think it makes sense. instead of

producing the new fabric, why don't we just use whatever that already available? and, and that's good because i, it means that you also help all the factory in the country as well. she's ordered, 18000 polo shirts, masks and baseball caps all with the same design. that's a big challenge for the startup. oh, we have to make a nash with many on different 5 different tests on fat bake because the quantity in to be an one left off of me could affect the quantity yet major clients overlooked these little differences to show their green credit as an additional service more loop calculates how much c o 2 they've saved, depending on the color we've and production method of the chosen material.

it's not just big companies who make purchases over more loop. so does young designer t i. e dot own murano, won all the bags and clothes the batik artist creates for her label. marianna ziann are one of a kind. she adapt sir ideas to the materials, not the other way around. i can make on hand corner when fin gap can oh, it's more like giving new life to unused fabric life likewise. so it doesn't feel like 2nd hand fabric appointments and the customers feel the same. but then can he that and been can, it's just re purposing and he and giving more value to the fabric one that, that can time will a hassle pama one lisa. hi lisa. it's a win win situation. to date, more loop has saved some 500 tons of carbon dioxide. the equivalent of the c o 2

emitted during 5000000 kilometers of car travel. but that's still not enough to satisfy its founders. you want to be to pass off the global transition to a circular economy. we want to play that part and we want to be part of making this new equilibrium a reality. there long term goal is to keep growing and get 500 textile firms putting fabric into the more loop. and they plan to offer more of their own products, along with t shirts, masks and p, p. now, more loops concept aims to prevent new waste. but or junk is often the legacy that simply ignored over the french capital batteries. an 11 year old single handedly tackling trash in the re will sim dredging up relics from its depth on any given saturday morning, 11 year old rafael is likely to be out doing what he likes,

best fishing, but not in a conventional way. let us only more in thunder, a magnet that can lift down to one ton almost immediately. i fail together with his father strikes anything, your shopping trolley chicken was i will i will do it in good. the unique. i started doing this because i thought it would be fun to do that, but it quickly became some kind of hobby or rather a job. now we are doing this almost every weekend. we have to do it as other adults are doing nothing. the built out and then we'll be all more i can for you. i shall see what they soon pull up more items, including a kick scooter and a metal barrier. but today's catch is far from being high, fails, biggest in about 2 years. and he and his father have picked up nearly 20 tons of

scrap metal. one day he caught around 50 bicycles. california now has more than 20000 followers on instagram. rafael's favorite pieces are currently exhibited in a little pop up museum right next to the reverse n 2 containers full of paddle bikes, watches, or bayonets, or with their own little story. at least that's what that i fail imagines. it does in bayonet. this is a bayonet from 1875. 0 look up and there's a safe over there that we fished out in the next revolver and m motorbike. we imagined must have belonged to a gangster on the run. who crushed with his motorbike. all article will be 3rd element with puffy, hands that appreciates the father some time and he is not surprised. i fail has

chosen this hobby. i felt her now fail has always been close to nature and animals. and so if someone does something back to nature like polluting it, he steppin you. so look, i fail. meanwhile, hope stig submission is not just nice to look at. for the like, you know, we want to encourage people to do the same area, these people. yes, i can then convince the others to follow suit yourself is video. he has at least made an impression on one person, french president, him on her mac. honda who recently congratulated i failed for his initiative that i fail hopes will help spread the word it's children like ralph who will bear the brunt of the waist. adults produced to be and he understands that being conscious of how much we is to reproduce and taking action to transmute it, is the need of the hour. i'll see,

we'll get next week with an equally informative episode. good bye. and thanks for watching with ah, with

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