ah, this perhaps the greatest leonardo masterpiece in the collection of the louvre and no, it is not the mona lisa. it is the virgin of the rocks, 2 versions, multiple copies, and a hidden drawing. was there another symbolic meaning to this beautiful baby that perhaps we just don't understand? a search for answers starts july 7th on d, w. ah ah, welcome to global 3000 indigenous people in southern chile, a combining old traditions and new ideas to save local forests. ever more container

ships the threatening bows, climate and planets and shrill anchors cash crisis is pushing people to the brink with sri lanka is experiencing its worst financial crisis since gaining independence seemed 1948. the effects of being felt across the country with food and fuel shortages, commonplace. much of the crisis is self induced. while the pandemic has had an impact, government policies are also to blame. these include implementing sweeping tax counts in 2019 when the economy was already myatt in debt. then in early 2021 with its coffers depleted, the government band, the impulse of artificial fertilizes with devastating effects on harvests. although the band has now been lifted, the situation remains chaotic and there is little sign of an end in sight. it's early in the morning at the gamble lagoon. reerin fernando is on his way out to sea

. fishing has provided him with a livelihood for more than 4 decades, but now he struggling to make ends meet the mas, everything locally. last month we paddle mostly low income, i think a little more on it's the 2nd month in a row water. walton is of around a 100 fishing boats. recently, only about 10. we're going out to see the big about the, about the on the past 2 days. if not one single boat went out, we'll do an all ripple. we'll or i got an outlet. that's mainly because no fuel is available. a problem that affects nearly every one and sri lanka and poses huge problems for fishermen. the big catches are out in the open sea. along the coast, the nets catch barely anything below it. below the color guard and limp along i'm one of the best holes are about 10 kilometers off the coast. they go. when i hear the current fuel shortage, we can only go up to 5 kilometers out where there are

a few fish. when i'm bored, when i will, and we can go to different spots like we usually didn't go to the well, a border monitored i want to lucky bubble boats line up at the fuel station. the situation is the same on land. the fishermen are hoping for new fuel deliveries. russia's invasion of ukraine has caused global oil prices to sore sri lanka can barely afford oil imports, so supplies are sporadic wait, look, go the past 5 to 7 days. if there hasn't been any fuel as abigail on the po box, we often have to wait 2 or 3 days wonder to one again, it's getting worse and worse, a lot of them just in the past monday. the situation is to come disastrous. pros push him on somewhat longer to get lung that has triggered protest and violent clashes in recent weeks. many people blame the government, led by the raja ponce, a family. prime minister ma hinder roger pox on his step down. but his brother go

to bion has refused to give up the presidency. experts warren, that sri lanka could be facing national bankruptcy because it holds more than $50000000000.00 and us dollar denominated debt. historically if you look at it, i think this is the worst of p v that she lanka is undergoing. and it's going to get even worse, i think because now that that was this massive excess demand to be sure, you know, aided in driving the b down, inflation has risen sharply in recent months. many people can barely afford the most basic necessities. the economic crisis has turned into a food crisis as well. the last 5 months flip prices have doubled. and then we also expect electricity to go up and be expect to receive prices or to go up, which is what public transportation mean users. and some people use ito as cooking for oil as well. so it is, it is very,

very unaffordable for many people. tourism is also suffering. the sector was just starting to recover from the pandemic when the next crisis hit. hotels along sri lanka, picturesque west coast, or nearly empty here at echo hotel and ben toto manager, ne shantelle, when a waiter says, just 8 of the 90 rooms are occupied. this price is only for sri lanka, but if you're really saying like we can't do anything with this, sir, crisis is not the way. so what do you have a breeze yarbrough, any old router being the good? while many smaller hotels struggle to get food supplies, this hotel has been lucky. large suppliers ensure that the restaurant remains open and guess barely noticed the effects. thanks to emergency power.

out days we don't have much progress on lee. i do and now far 2 hours and grinned 2 minutes in the morning. one another the evening. 0 one moment during the limits. so we are using the data, but that also we need her when the lack of basic necessities is impossible to overlook. even at the hospital where indra quality like i work at a p d attrition, only a few medicines are still in stock. she doesn't believe they'll last much longer. it, it said it is what happened with the tv. it don't, did it they can on we can roy and yeah, chinese edwardo. i really can't. even the catastrophic economic situation in sri lanka is affecting the work of doctors

and nurses. they used to be able to do night shifts on call. that's no longer possible now, because a taxi to the hospital has become too expensive. just in the doctor's room at and really in the morning, early morning me go back end in vacovich and come back. oh, due to the worsening situation, people have been taking to the streets for more than 2 months. 6 rear and fernando vows to keep on demonstrating until things improve for him and the people of sri lanka. oh no, no no. in 1956, the 1st container was loaded on to a ship and sent off to sea. today, there are an estimated 38000000 such freight containers in use, around 5400 ships and carry them to their destinations. the invention of shipping containers made see transport simpler and above all cheaper. globalization would be

unimaginable without it. today, 90 percent of all goods are transported by ship in 2021 point 8. 5000000000 tons of goods made their way around the world in containers, which is far from good news for our climate. take a look at your standard t shirt. where does it come from? the label says made in turkey or mexico or bangladesh, but that's only part of its hebron journey. the car probably comes from lubbock, texas. it's then woven, treated bleached and died across the ocean in china. cut in stone into a t shirt and bangladesh sent back to the u. s. a couple of clicks later. it's traveling across another ocean, say to berlin, where it sold for for euros, $99.00. it sounds like madness, but it's actually shipping. shipping is so cheap that some aspects seem absurd.

for example, it rains 247 in belgium, yet we buy our water and the ease foothold in south pacific fish gets caught in the north sea. it then goes phrases to asia where it split it and it said back, but there is a hidden cost to these curiosities. the full price of shipping is being paid by the environment in relative terms, shipping is very efficient, transporting one ton of cargo em. it's 16 grams of c o 2 per kilometer. it's over 10 times that by road and by air it's a lot more. but in absolute terms, it's an absolute nightmare. is she a distance? is that mean that this a mission stack up and become a problem? lucy, gillian works for sees at risk and association of n g o's working to protect the oceans. $0.80.

it ships abounding heavy fuel, no riches. i really think viscous pulling to feel it's kind of, it's one step away from tom. and he day the industry emits as much as all the coal plants in the us. and just a bit less than aviation, but somehow shipping escape scrutiny. shipping is the only sector it doesn't pay for carbon pollution. find a bass off leads the shipping program at transport, an environment and enjo campaigning for cleaner transport. it's the only sector that doesn't pay taxes on the fossil fuels uses. it doesn't pay the 80 percent, the global leaders, they agree to impose 15 percent global minimum corporate taxation rate that was on one second. that was exempt as shipping. but how can that be given the scale ships handle some 90 percent of global trade? then there's a strange little enigma. imagine something going wrong on

a japanese built american owned tanker. sailed by a philippine crew managed by a cypriot sailing from china to canada and international waters. who do you blame? well, maybe panama, panama, marshall islands, liberia, bahamas malta. this 5 countries, which you don't really hear on our, on a daily basis, right? they're not really big powers in the global politics or even economics. they are the king makers when it comes to shipping. that's because of a system called flag of convenience. the practice began during the prohibition era selling alcohol in the usa was illegal. so passenger ship owners began registering their ships in panama, so they could serve drinks on board. people always say that the oceans are lower and not lower, the lower the c several 100 pages long rows. george is

a journalist and author who has written extensively about the shipping industry. but the problem is that there is very little enforcement any more than ship owner. can rent a flag from any country in the world, fly that flag on his ohio ship and then not ship. it is a little piece of that country. so is governed by that flag. the international maritime organization is the only body that can set policy for the entire sector. it's a un agency task with, among other things, fighting climate change, but as done the opposite. there are multiple reasons. first of all, at the imo members safe on normally represented by the ministries of transports. they want to promote shipping aviation and so on and so forth. climate, the environmental challenges that has not been traditionally speaking their domain . that's the domain of the climate ministry or environment minister. so this is a kind of structural problem and policies are rarely put to vote. the i am

o prefers to rule by consensus, which gives louder voices, a de facto veto power. and number 3, industry has powerful loping associations, electricity nations, allegations, and in many cases put pressure on the governments. 30 percent of its representatives are not policy makers, but business people the highest number in any un agency. for example, in the past 10 years, german delegates dimer was very ambitious and then the person go to coal from the ministry saying that you need to dial down because one of the german shipping companies wasn't very happy about that mission that germany was driving at by well, uh, recur, ah, managed build as a big ships to exploit economist trade. the enabled industries to create one

year a bikini and t shirts that it just said cheat that people think of them is disposable . and that's been facilitated by cheap shipping. that doesn't pay for it, please. ah, when it comes to emissions is absolutely no excuse how slow the shipping industry is going to address that. it's just, it's absolutely shameful. mm. but momentum for change is building. it's recognized that we can't. so try to change that. we'll say so thing the emissions probably from shipping the european union is taking a leading role to force companies to reduce emissions. and innovation can be a huge help. more believe technology such as batteries for short, distance vessels, grain, hydrogen, or getting hydrogen bays, fuels can fill that gap and fully to come in either sector. but it takes good timing and effort to turn a tanker around and the i m. o has displayed neither shipping has been showing that

it can move swiftly when it comes to reforming itself with thing that is possible. it is doable, but it's not gonna happen on his own van. it's the regulations that mandate switch to those sustainable behaviors. sustainable technologies on the shipping companies need to renew ships would be far more expensive, but a german conservation group has worked out that those $499.00 t shirts would then cost just $0.02 more o 2 children to countenance one giant problem. and we really appreciate a laser unit. how will climate change affect us and our children learn more?

and d, w dot com slash water. in this week's global ideas, we look at how crucial a sustainable lifestyle is when it comes to fighting, both climate change and species extinction. in chile, our report a unit mental met out with members of the indigenous pay when shape people who are using creative means to retain the original forests of their homeland. these are a courier in southern sheila are among the last of their kind. deforestation and climate change have caused numbers to dwindle. there among the oldest tree species on earth around in the time of the dinosaurs, they still grow on the land of the indigenous ma, poochie pay when che people. these are cou into now, and his family collect the pine nuts to harvest them. they spend days roaming the mountain forests. his aunt says, it's always been this way. that will be winky, not leave her when she has sierra e, but it will be the and so we live where we live up there the mind were surrounded

by our courier trees and mounted lady la, but a him, pearl settle gate. but a key polanko means people of the r a courier. they once lived in seclusion in southern she lays dense mountainous forests. but as the great forests disappeared, so to the pay wenches traditions that when true, now's are among the few families still living as close to nature as their ancestors . during the last harvest season, juanita ones who now collected 400 kilos of pine nuts. the pine nuts are eaten, boiled, or roasted, or made into flour, puree, or coffee. most of the harvest is sold in the plenty while if, if he said it can be a very hard way to make a living law course, we don't get enough money for products. he was temere let down the price of that high net us never goes up, comma there with it. no, got this year,

the price per kilo should be $5000.00 crazy. you know, they're ready at because they were so few that look what gay, but no one wants to pay that. not at the same time, the prices of other fits go alderman and you have to pay the asking price in the market in the, you know, look at, look at be then and, and medical. then you get buy that in order to tend their cattle over the summer that went through, now's built a small hut up in the mountains. they own about $500.00 hacked hairs at 1600 meters above sea level, at the foot of mount qu, truck who tra. it's also with our korea trees. they harvest grow. the small livestock farm is a 2nd source of income. these are going to now also hopes to make money from tourism. he recently started offering hiking and skiing tours, so visitors can witness the volcanic landscapes and untouched forests of his homeland yoga more nearly the employed. i had the idea to strengthen the community through tourism yet,

and especially to allow young people to make use of tourism for the year that through your mind knowing a person are there for so that no one can come from outside. a lady can make rules about how tourism should operate here. so do they go with it to the mom that goes hand in hand with protecting our culture and our way of life to the local today, they're not trivia. these are when to now sees it as a great opportunity to create jobs and new income at a time when many young men and women are still moving away. life in the mountains is hard and there are few educational opportunities of the regions. approximately 1700000 indigenous people more than a 3rd already live in the capital santiago. that exodus means that indigenous culture is in danger of dying out. he's like when to now hopes that tourism might help reverse the trend from the someone and him, you know, sort of some look at them. we were the ones who take care of him. plenty know many

americans. indigenous people are the guardians and to the course of most of our natural resources. yes, yoga by their example from outside, who come to destroy them? like too many pe wenches are mistrustful of outsiders. one reason is that after chillies independence, the military marched into their territory and expelled them, they were left with only a tiny sliver of their original land. instead, it was mainly european settlers who are granted land to this day. many forestry and agricultural companies are located on page 20 land. this causes conflicts. the indigenous people have long been demanding their original territory back and an end to the environmental degradation exceed their utility cilla. the stillness rejection of outsiders. in cynthia, wherein invaded people who are once massacred boiled in buddy or north

in which one you know, and that was not all too many years ago. my grandfather still remembered it still very much alive and that's what makes it so difficult for them. i put to, to allow tourism to remove them whenever i mean, but even when to now doesn't want to much tourism either it to provide the indigenous community and income but not replace their previous way of life. nasa diaz, one silver sio, nila, it wouldn't be good for conserving the ecosystem or our culture. theat, if a community just lives from tourism area than its culture becomes folk law. remember k, you're track the i anyway there is other work, the eco won't be like collecting pine nuts and working the land. yeah. some a pastures letters from on sale over there. now. he's already convinced his aunt juanita when to now she plans to make extra money by running a small in giving and we'll hear people could come for lunch. maybe i could

sense of happier or my to help like be a model. but right now it's winter. so she and her husband live in their house in the valley. it has running water and electricity. they also keep their animals here until spring. they mostly survive on supplies and savings left over from summer. the couple of 4 children have all moved away to the cities. one of their sons lives more than a day bus ride away. his mother hasn't seen him in over a year or more. mama, mama, as a mother doesn't make you happy. kiss where you call. if you don't know how they are, what they need, whether they have enough to eat nickel man dollar to be and sometimes it makes me very sound you are, don't, a vento loaded up in a. she hopes the tourism may bring some of her children back

to the village for good. but for that to happen, a lot would still have to change here in the pay who inches mountainous home. for this week's global snack, we try something tasty in south africa. ah, on route 27 am hour drive from cape town. the are 27. the roosted cook snack ball serves up delicious, freshly baked shrieks. it's specialty orders that cook a bread snack with a filling that's been made here in the western cape for centuries. listed as the africans word, full grilled cook means cake. the dough is made from flour voting yeast, an inch of sugar. the

dough is needed by hand and then baked on. a grid overhauled combs keeping the optimal temperature as an alice in itself. gust on most tins, the fire. he's an expert at getting the coals just rice was dear. if you make gross to call him, you need to be very specific and make sure that your fire is in too hard because i don't want hooks very quickly. also you have to turn it over quickly regularly, so it doesn't burn out of it, but you also need to make sure it's cooked throughout so much so the cold heat needs to be 100 percent perfect. when you tap the twisted cook and get a hollow sound, it's done once they've been taken off the grill, the bread needs to cool for 10 minutes before the fillings are added. they delicious just with butter. back fillings include egg, bacon, and onion,

as well as cheese mince meat until tom tried cured meat that's popular in south africa. depending on the filling, it was the cook costs between 30 and 75, south african rand. that's about 2 to 5 years. a to 3000 versus the cook are so it every day the snack bar gets especially busy at the weekend. but it's a popular snack among both locals and tourists. i think it's, it's the, it's the fact that it's made on a fire. south africans love, love, love making food on a via we bry, everything. so it's the bacon is the egg. it's a soft day. it's the fact that it's traditional it's, it's, it comes from this area it's, it's, it's a, it's relative. it's just, it's something that we all on just

a good taste best when they're still piping hot. and they say that that was the cook at $327.00, all the best around that. so from a thick level, 3000 this week. thanks for watching. do you send us your views and comments? bright c global 3000 d, w dot com and check us out on face to dw global ideas. see you next time, take care. ah ah, [000:00:00;00]

with make the world a little bit better with t. these entrepreneurs are revising all traditions in their way

with fair wages and organic quality, and as climate friendly as possible. t new ideas for a traditional drink. 15 minutes on d, w eco, india. now planting seeds of whole strengthening megan forest and creating new ones in impenetrable places. that is their mission. steve got back in the yes, this is lou. but is this really the key in the fight against climate change? eco, india. in 60 minutes on d. w. o

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visitors come from all over the world to see the staging of the biblical story. and this time, it's more up to date than ever. obama go village and it's passion. letters starts july, 3rd on d, w. with ah ah, this is debbie news live from berlin, the leaders of the world's richest democracies descend on germany. on the 1st day of the annual summit, g 7 leaders agreed to invest hundreds of billions of dollars in global infrastructure to promote sustainable development and pushed back against china.