in many countries, education is still a privilege. comedy is one of the main causes some young children work in mind. jobs instead of going to class others can attend classes only after they finish working with millions of children, all over the world can't go to school. we ask why and because education makes the world more just to make up your own mind. d. w. made for mines. ah, ah, welcome to global 3000 indigenous people in southern chile, a combining old traditions and new ideas to save local forests. ever more container

ships the threatening bows, climate and planets and shrill anchors cash crisis is pushing people to the brink. with sri lanka is experiencing its worst financial crisis since gaining independent, same $948.00. the effects of being felt across the country with food and fuel shortage is commonplace. much of the crisis is self induced. while the pandemic has had an impact, government policies are also to blame. these include implementing sweeping tax counts in 2019 when the economy was already myatt in debt. then in early 2021 with its coffers depleted, the government band, the impulse of artificial fertilizers with devastating effects on harvests. although the band has now been lifted, the situation remains chaotic and there is little sign of an end in it's

early in the morning at the negotiable lagoon. reerin fernando is on his way out to sea. fishing has provided him with a livelihood for more than 4 decades. but now he struggling to make ends meet the mas, everything looked only last month we part, or mostly low income, and it a little more on it's the 2nd month in a row motorboat isn't that it's of around a 100 fishing boats. recently only about 10 we're going out to see big about the, about the in the past few days. if not one single boat went out, multiple ripple will or i got an outlet. that's mainly because no fuel is available . a problem that affects nearly everyone and sri lanka and poses huge problems for fishermen. the big catches are out in the open sea along the coast, the nets catch barely anything below it. below the color guard limp along one lena, the best holes are about 10 kilometers off the coast. they go. when i hear the

current fuel shortage, we can only go up to 5 kilometers out where there are fewer fish when i'm bored when i will. and we can go to different spots like we usually do, and go to the volleyball move on to lucky bubble. boats line up at the fuel station . the situation is the same on land. the fishermen are hoping for new fuel deliveries. russia's invasion of ukraine has caused global oil prices to sore sri lanka can barely afford oil imports. so supplies are sporadic quite look though the past 5 to 7 days that there hasn't been any fuel at that to go out to full that we often have to wait 2 or 3 days. one little monica, it's getting worse and worse america just in the past monday. the situation is to come disastrous. pros, fishermen, somewhat lender that should go glove that has triggered protest and violent clashes in recent weeks. many people blame the government led by raja ponce,

the family prime minister ma hinder roger pox. a has stepped down but his brother go to brian has refused to give up the presidency. experts warn that sri lanka could be facing national bankruptcy because it holds more than $50000000000.00 and us dollar denominated debt. historically, if you look at it, i think this is the worst of p v that sri lanka is undergoing. and it's going to get even worse, i think because now that that was this massive excess demand, be sure, you know, aided in driving b, b down inflation has risen sharply in recent months. many people can barely afford the most basic necessities. the economic crisis has turned into a food crisis as well. the last 5 months flood prices have doubled, and then we also expect electricity to go up and be expect to receive prices or to go up, which is what public transportation mean users. and some people whose eat dog as

cooking foil as well. so it isn't, it is very, very unaffordable for many people. tourism is also suffering. the sector was just starting to recover from the pandemic when the next crisis hit. hotels along sri lanka, picturesque west coast, or nearly empty here and echo hotel and ben toto manager. ne shantelle, when a waiter says, just 8 of the 90 rooms are occupied. this price is only for sri lanka, but if you're really saying like we can't do anything with this, sir, crisis is not the so what do you had with breeze yarborough anyhow? router being the good, while many smaller hotels struggle to get food supplies, this hotel has been lucky. large suppliers ensure that the restaurant remains open and guess barely noticed the effects. thanks to emergency power.

out days, we don't have much progress on li are. who are now farther to hours and bring to minutes in the morning one another the evening, or one hour and 20 minutes. so we are using the generator, but that also we need her will. the lack of basic necessities is impossible to overlook. even at the hospital where indra cool 90 loc, i work late pediatrician, only a few medicines are still in stock. she doesn't believe they'll last much longer. it said it was a little bit cheaper. it don't, did it. they can on weekend roy. and yeah, chinese ludo, i really can't do in the catastrophic economic situation in sri lanka,

is affecting the work of doctors and nurses. they used to be able to do night ships on call. that's no longer possible now because a taxi to the hospital has become too expensive just in their doctors room. and really in the morning, early morning legal backed and in big a large and gambit. o. due to the worsening situation, people have been taking to the streets for more than 2 months. 6 rear and fernando vows to keep on demonstrating until things improve for him and the people of sri lanka. oh no, no no. i think in 1956, the 1st container was loaded on to a ship and sent off to sea. today, there are an estimated 38000000 such freight containers in use, around 5400 ships and carry them to their destinations. the invention of shipping

containers made see transports simpler and above all cheaper. globalization would be unimaginable without it. today, 90 percent of all goods are transported by ship in 2021 point 8. 5000000000 tons of goods made their way around the world in containers, which is far from good news for our climate. take a look at your standard t shirt. where does it come from? the label says made in turkey or mexico or bangladesh, but that's only part of its epic journey. and the car probably comes from lubbock, texas. it's then woven, treated bleached, and died across the ocean in china, cut in stone into a t shirt and bangladesh sent back to the u. s. a couple of clicks later. it's traveling across another ocean, say to berlin, where it sold for for euros. 99. it sounds like madness, but it's actually shipping. shipping is so cheap that some aspects seem absurd.

for example, it rains 247 in belgium. yes, we buy on water and the is bottled in south pacific fish gets caught in the north sea, then goes freight then to asia where it split it and it said back, but there is a hidden cost to these curiosities. the full price of shipping was being paid by the environment in relative terms, shipping is very efficient, transporting one ton of cargo m. it's 16 grams of c o 2 per kilometer. it's over 10 times that by road and by air it's a lot more. but in absolute terms, it's an absolute nightmare. this is she a distance, is that mean that this a mission stack up and become a problem? lucy, gillian works for sees at risk and association of n g o's working to protect the oceans. 80 percent

ships depending heavy feel, no riches. i really think viscous pulling to feel it's kind of it's one step away from tom. and you know, the industry emits as much as all the coal plants in the us and just a bit less than aviation. but somehow shipping escape scrutiny. shipping is the only sector it doesn't pay for carbon pollution. fight of bass off leads the shipping program at transport, an environment and enjo campaigning for cleaner transport. it's the only sector that doesn't pay taxes on the fossil fuels uses. it doesn't pay 80 percent, the global leaders, they agreed to impose 15 percent global minimum corporate taxation rate that was on one second. that was exempt as shipping. but how can that be given the scale ships

handle some 90 percent of global trade? then there's a strange little enigma. imagine something going wrong on a japanese built american owned tanker. sailed by a philippine crew, managed by a cypriot sailing from china to canada and international waters. who do you blame? well, maybe panama, panama, marshall islands, liberia, bahamas, malta. this 5 countries, which you don't really hear on our, on a daily basis, right? they're not really big powers in the global politics or even economics. they are the king makers when it comes to shipping. that's because of a system called flag of convenience. the practice began during the prohibition era selling alcohol in the usa was illegal, so passenger ship owners began registering their ships in panama, so they could serve drinks on board. people always say that the oceans are low and not lower. the lower the c several 100 pages long rows. george is

a journalist and author who has written extensively about the shipping industry. but the problem is that there is very little enforcement any more than ship owner can rent a flag from any country in the world, fly that flag on his ohio ship. and then that ship is, is a little piece of that country. so is governed by that flag. the international maritime organization is the only body that can set policy for the entire sector. it's a un agency task with, among other things, fighting climate change, but as done the opposite. there are multiple reasons. first of all, at the imo member states on normally represented by the ministry of transport. they want to promote shipping aviation and so on and so forth. climate are we environmental challenges that has not been traditionally speaking bad domain. that's the domain of the climate ministry or environment minister. so this is a kind of structural problem and policies are rarely put to vote. the i am

o prefers to rule by consensus, which gives louder voices, a de facto veto power. and number 3, industry has powerful lobbying associations, electricity nations, allegations, and in many cases, put pressure on the governments. 30 percent of its representatives are not policy makers, but business people the highest number in any un agency. and for example, in the past 10 years, german delegates the i'm or was very ambitious, and then the person go to coal from the ministry fame that you need to dial down because one of the domains shipping companies wasn't very happy about that mission that germany was driving at by, well, or as of a ah managed build as a big ships to exploit economist trade. the enabled industries to create one

year at the keating's and t shirts that it just said cheat the people think of them is disposable. and that's been facilitated by cheap shipping. that doesn't pay for it, please. ah, when it comes to emissions, it's absolutely no excuse how slow the shipping industry is going to address that. it's just, it's absolutely shameful. mm. but momentum for change is building. it's recognized that we can't so climate change with that will say solving the emissions problem from shipping. the european union is taking a leading role to force companies to reduce emissions. and innovation can be a huge help. more believe technology such as batteries for shorter, sense vessels, grain, hydrogen, opening, hydrogen, bays, fuels can fill that gap and fully to come in either sector. but it takes good timing and effort to turn a tanker around and the i,

m. o has displayed neither. shipping has been showing that it can move swiftly when it comes to reforming itself with thing that is possible, it is doable, but it's not going to happen on his own. then it's the regulations that mandate switch to those sustainable behavior. sustainable technologies i'm shipping companies need to renew ships, would be far more expensive, but a german conservation group has worked out that those $499.00 t shirts would then cost just $0.02 more. o 2 children to countenance one giant problem in manila in on it. this is lupe a fully leaning. how will climate change affect us and our children

learn more d, w dot com slash water? in this week's global ideas, we look at how crucial a sustainable lifestyle is when it comes to fighting, both climate change and species extinction. in chile, our report a unit mental met up with members of the indigenous pay when shaped people who are using creative means to retain the original forests of their homelands. these are a courier in southern sheila are among the last of their kind. deforestation and climate change have caused numbers to dwindle. there among the oldest tree species on earth around in the time of the dinosaurs, they still grow on the land of the indigenous ma, poochie pay wench people. these are coo and true now, and his family collect the pine nuts to harvest them. they spend days roaming the mountain forests. his aunt says, it's always been this way. that will be winky, not leave her when she has the error. eat but italy the and so we live where we

live there the mind were surrounded by our courier trees and mountain lady la, but a him, pearl settle gate, but a key polanko means people of the r, a courier. they once lived in seclusion in southern she lays dense mountainous forests, but as the great forests disappeared, so did the po, inches. traditions that when true, now's are among the few families still living as close to nature as their ancestors . during the last harvest season, juanita ones who now collected 400 kilos of pine nuts. the pine nuts are eaten, boiled, or roasted, or made into flour, puree, or coffee. most of the harvest is sold. in the 20 while, lay the pieces, it can be a very hard way to make a living lock or so we don't get enough money for a product, see what are the same or let down the price of that high. and that was never goes

up, or more they were say, no, got this year, the price per kilo should be $5.00 without employee. selina, they ready up because they were suffused that loca would gate, but no one wants to pay that. no. at the same time, the prices of other fees go argument and you have to pay the asking price in the market any, you know, look at, look at be then and, and medical. think about that in order to attend to their cattle over the summer that went through, now's built a small hut up in the mountains. they own about $500.00 hector's, at 1600 meters above sea level, at the foot of mount qu. truck who trav is also with our courier trees. they harvest grow. the small livestock farm is a 2nd source of income. these are when true now also hopes to make money from tourism. he recently started offering hiking and skiing tours, so visitors can witness the volcanic landscapes and untouched forests of his homeland yoga more nearly the employed. i had the idea

to strengthen the community through tourism. yeah. and especially to allow young people to make use of tourism for the year that would you mind knowing up person are there for so that no one can come from outside. a lady can make rules about how tourism should operate here. so do they go with it to the mom that goes hand in hand with protecting our culture and our way of life to the login today? they're not trivia. he's like when to now sees it as a great opportunity to create jobs and new income at a time when many young men and women are still moving away. life in the mountains is hard and there are few educational opportunities of the regions. approximately 1700000. indigenous people more than a 3rd already live in a capital santiago. that exodus means that indigenous culture is in danger of dying out. he's like o n juno hope's the tourism might help reverse the trend. and someone and

immuno citizen will look at them, look we and we're the ones who take care of nature. him plenty. no. monica. a latin . america's indigenous people. are the guardians and protect to the like were some that of most of our natural resources. yes. yoga by their example from outside, who come to destroy the middle again too many pay wenches are mistrustful of outsiders. one reason is that after chillies independence, the military marched into their territory and expelled them. they were left with only a tiny sliver of their original land. instead, it was mainly european settlers who were granted land to this day, many forestry and agricultural companies are located on pay when she land. this causes conflicts. the indigenous people have long been demanding their original territory back and an end to the environmental degradation of yes, exact there. it's estella thea. the stillness rejection of outsiders.

in it's in theory here we're in, invaded people at all. so who are once massacred boiled in belize. mr. dow, me knows him, which one and that was not all too many years ago. my grandfather still remembered it the and, and i was still very much alive. and that's what makes it so difficult for them. i put you to allow tourism, tony mclamore in element, but he's like when to now doesn't want to much tourism either. it should provide the indigenous community and income but not replace their previous way of life. nasa diaz on silva. sio nila. it wouldn't be good for conserving the ecosystem or our culture theat. if a community just lives from tourism heavier than its culture becomes folk law. remember k o t t i anyway, there is other work. the echo would be like collecting pine nuts and working the lamb. yeah. some a pastures letter. so man said i with anna. he's already convinced his aunt juanita when to now she plans to make extra money by running

a small in giving him put him people can come for lunch. the i could sit and sup appear, or mattel quite be a mighty. but right now it's winter. so she and her husband live in their house in the valley. it has running water and electricity. they also keep their animals here until spring. they mostly survive on supplies and savings left over from summer. the couple of 4 children have all moved away to the cities. one of their sons lives more than a day bus ride away. his mother hasn't seen him in over a year or more. my mom, america, as a mother, it doesn't make you happy gets will you call if you don't know how they are not what they need, whether they have enough to eat nickel man dollars and sometimes it makes me very sound. you are doing a bento loaded up in poland. she hopes the tourism may bring some of her children

back to the village for good. but for that to happen, a lot would still have to change here in the pay who inches mountainous home. for this week's global snack, we try something tasty in south africa. ah. on route 27 am hours drive from cape town. the our 27th roosted cook snack ball serves up delicious, freshly baked, treats it specialty orders that cook a bread snack with a filling that's been made here in the western cape for centuries. but it listed as the africans word. full grilled cook means cake. the dough is made from flour voting least, an inch of sugar. the

dough is needed by hand and then baked on. a grid overhauled combs keeping the optimal temperature as an alice in itself. gusto most tends the fire. he's an expert at getting the coals just rice was 0. if you make gross to call him if your needs to be very specific and make sure that your fire is in too hard because i don't want hooks very quickly. ok, so you have to turn it over quickly regularly so it doesn't burn out of it. but you also need to make sure it's cooked throughout so much. so the cold heat needs to be 100 percent perfect. when he tapped that, who is the cook and get a hollow sound? it's done once they've been taken off the grill, the bread needs to cool for 10 minutes before the fillings are added. they

delicious just with butter, but fillings include egg, bacon, and onion, as well as cheese, mincemeat and filter dried cured meat that's popular in south africa. depending on the filling, it was the cook costs between 30 and 75, south african rand. that's about 2 to 5 years a to $3000.00 versus the cook or so it every day. the snack bar gets especially busy at the weekend. but it's a popular snack among both locals and tourists. i think it's, it's the, it's the fact that it's made on a fire. south africans love, love, love making food on a via we bry, everything. so it's the bacon is the egg. it's to soft a. it's the fact that it's traditional it's, it's, it comes from this area it's, it's, it's, it's relative. it's just, it's something that we all on just

a good taste best when they're still piping hot. and they say that the do is the cook at $327.00, all the best around that. so from a thick label 3000 this week, thanks for watching. do send us your views and comments. bright c global 3000 at d, w dot com and check us out on face stays dw global ideas. see you next time, take care. ah ah, [000:00:00;00]

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