ah ah ah, this is the w news live from berlin. a story nato summit is underway in madrid. leaders arrive ready to expand the alliance and boost its capacity. nato's chief says it's facing the biggest challenge since world war 2 will bring you the latest from the summit, lived from adrift, also coming up,

accusations of war crimes after a russian missile strikes, a shopping mall, and new crank. president vladimir zalinski calls on the un to expel russian. ah, i'm go ahead else as well. come to the program. nato leaders are meeting in the spanish capital madrid at this hour. for a historic summit. they're expected to expand the alliance inviting new members and boost. it's rapid deployment units. speaking ahead of the official official opening ceremony, nato secretary general jens stoughton back called russia the biggest threat since world war 2. i expect that so when we disagree the strategic concept, they roll a state clearly that her russia pulses, sir, a, died extra tori security. and of course that will be there for be it afflicted

throughout of the strategic concept. and also the all the decisions retake france, the su ah, invest more and also to earn a upgrades and strength, nor collect of the fence on the outer turns on the fence upholstered by latha battle summit members, i expected to formally invite finland and sweden to join their racks, turkey had initially opposed their bid to join, but now agreed to support it, saying it had gotten the concessions it wanted on day one of what has been described as one of nature's most important summits in years. a major breakthrough taking turkey dramatically dropped its opposition to finland and sweden becoming members of the military alliance. turkish president, reggie ty, it o on, had blocked the nordic countries. membership bids because of what anchor a perceived as their support. the kurdish militant groups, it designates as terrorists, but a meeting between nato secretary general yen stilton berg and leaders of the 3

countries at the start of the summit in madrid. quickly bore fruit in a thought. we are always shown that whatever our differences, we can always sit down, find common ground under sold, and the issues naples open door policy has been an historic success. welcoming finan and sweden into the alliance will make them safer. naples, stronger under you'd, atlantic area more soccer. the countries signed a joint memorandum on their common security after the meeting, felons and sweden's nato membership now appears to be a formality. it's a big boost at the start of a gathering which nature will use to set out its strategic agenda for the next decade. shortly after arriving in spain, u. s. president joe biden emphasized the importance of the meeting to the host countries leader dado. and mister president, you're hosting

a truly historic summit. and the key moment in our allies, when russia's unprovoked invasion of ukraine was shattered, piece in europe, and shattered every norm since war war to spend place ukraine. another significant moment on day one being to the dalton berg announced that the organization plans to cut it, civilian and military greenhouse gas emissions by at least 45 percent for 2030. and be carbon neutral by 2050, 2050. but the resolution of the round, sweden and finland is a show of nato's unity and it's growing strength at a moment when it badly needs both. but us talk a bit more about this. i am now joined by the w as chief political correspond melinda crane. here in this studio and terry schultz also joins us his apps, that nature summit in a madrid, a terry, let's start with you please. this obstacle now seems to have been overcome. what since,

what vibes are you getting from natal members about this huge relief here at the nato summit gearhart this said dispute threatened to cast a shadow over the entire summit. the entire event where there are some really historic decisions to be made. that's not just rhetoric coming from so to me, there are a lot of huge changes that nato is going to approve here at the summit. and now that finland in sweden, it looks like they're going to be allowed to join. although that will take some time. it's, it's beneficial for nato because they are going to be extremely strong allies, but also they can get on with the rest of the business. melinda, the other one has opposed the bid for them to join us at such a gather the table. talked ottawa says he's happy, what's the deal? well, the 2 countries, finland and sweden have promised that they would, i'm sure would reject any form of relationship with the kurdish workers

party, the p k. k. and also with the northern syrian kurdish militia because in fact it was there supposedly to close relations with kurdish groups that are to when cited as his main reason for objection. so they're often also promising to extradite turkish, kurdish terrorists and the like. but behind the scenes, there were clearly some other, more re output to take factors that also played a role in this decision. one being that both countries will now lift their embargoes on imports of turkish weapons, including turkish drones. and our to one is very, very interested in selling more of these very popular turkish made drones that have been used on the ukrainian battle field. and so that's obviously something that will bring some money into his hard pressed pocket book. and beyond that,

apparently the u. s also let it be known behind the scenes that turkey would continue to be frozen out of work on us fighter jets if it did not, practically take back its objection. so for all of those reasons, they did manage to get to yes, and this is a very significant move. nato can't afford to look divided at this moment. and basically now the way is clear for finland and sweden to join. and that means the sea that we know as the baltic is about to become essentially, the nato. see surrounded on almost all sides by nato membership countries. can i just follow up on this? how will we, i don't think we have heard anything from moscow yet, but how is moscow going around? well, interestingly enough, moscow had indicated that it would view this as an existential threat. even in the, in the course of this spring, it made some very menacing remarks. about this possibility,

but suddenly since around mid may put in and other russian leaders have been singing quite a different tune, relaxing their rhetoric. put in saying, we don't have any disputes with these 2 countries. we don't have a problem with them. nonetheless, they have made it clear they will be watching closely to see what kind of military infrastructure is positioned in these countries. and beyond that, they also have made a clear through others military spokespeople that should nato, in any way get close to crimea. it's a very different game and then even again, talk of possible world war 3. let's go back to to a terry, a madrid or what have a finland. and sweden actually agreed to when you go through this 3 page trilateral memo that was signed yesterday. and if you know the history of, of these issues, you can see that actually the nordic countries didn't give away nearly as much as air to. one wants to make it seem like they did because finland and sweden both

already considered the p k. k, a terrorist organization, as does the entire european union. so re stating that is certainly, you know, no problem for them. they also are countries that have a very strong judiciary and do not tolerate terrorist acts inside their country. now that the question of extradition is going to be very sensitive and very tricky because the governments in these countries don't intervene and decisions about extradition. and sweden made this clear time and again, also to president air to one that the judicial arm is completely independent of the government. so the government can't go in and say, we're sure we'll extradite whomever era to one once. so i would expect that we'll actually see very little change on the question of extra dieting people that a president air to one considers terrorist because they will go through a process in sweden and it will be determined whether or not they are guilty of these crimes. and should be sent back to turkey. the other thing is that i'm finland repeated time and again that it doesn't have arms embargo on turkey,

even though that was something that the turks kept mentioning. and sweden has a very restrictive arms export policy that it has agreed to change it, but it wasn't directed only a turkey are also changes in terrorism laws in both of these countries that predate even their application for membership in nato. so i think that president air to one is being allowed to use this as, as a propaganda when to some extent. but as long as this works for those 3 countries and gets finland in sweden and nato, i think everyone's going to let that live for the time being to review of the summit, there was other major decisions come we expect the as i mentioned earlier, there are some really major decisions that are going to be approved by the 30 leaders here. in addition to formally opening a session negotiations with finland and sweden, shortly after the summit. today, for example, we're going to hear from president zalinski,

ukrainian president zalinski virtually. and the summit will approve a new assistance package for ukraine. now again, these are not native weapons, but they're there weapons and other forms of, of aid that nato countries bring to the table. and this will be announced here at this summit. but as in terms of how nato itself will, will transform the rapid response force. these are, these are troops that can be kept on high readiness, in case something happens in case there's a direct threat to nato territory that is going to be boosted from 40002300000. now this is a huge difference for nato. so what they're saying is, if we feel a direct threat to our territory, we've got 300000 troops on stand by ready to come as quickly as possible. they're also going to decide to preposition equipment and ammunition, for example, in frontline countries. so that while all these troops won't be on the ground all the time, they could move very quickly and they wouldn't have to bring everything with them. so there are a lot of big changes that are going to be made here. these are changes that frontline countries had been asking for even before russia's invasion of ukraine.

but of course everyone came to see the lighter after these. these developments melinda, nato has also invited outside countries to the summit. was that absolutely quite interesting. they have invited australia, south korea, new zealand, and one other that is escaping my memory and jap in japan to attend. because china is also going to be on the agenda and were told that although the main focus now is of course, on russia with what amounts to nato's biggest collective defense overhaul since the end of the cold war. they also are looking further into the future and beyond europe to talk about what needs to be done to essentially defend against a chinese both hybrid warfare in the form of this information and such and other

more conventional threats that could emanate from china. so that's why those countries are also going to be there and we will undoubtedly hear references to china shortly. com. hope again, if you, by the way, we're seeing a live pictures there for madrid, the leaders arriving motorcade, i've seen the u. s. president's car, already this, all sounds melinda. bit like there's a, there's a new confrontation ahead that reminds me a bit of, of the cold war that we thought was overcome really. and now i sort of knew blocks are forming all hardening, actually the blocks that were full for me. that is that a development that should be, we should be worrying about? well indeed, if you remember, at the very outset of the conflict secretary general stoughton bag of nato said,

put his looking for less nato. he is going to wind up with more nato. and in fact, in many way is this conflict has revitalized the alliance. and given it a new purpose, if you remember, during the era of donald trump, there were many people who wondered whether nato could even continue to exist in view of the role of yes. and there were questions about whether he would actually withdraw the u. s. from nato, for now, at least those questions have absolutely been put on hold with truly a revitalized nato making this major strategic shift. they're going to be announcing their 1st essentially strategic concept, new strategic concept in 10 years. and yes, it does represent a hardening, at least in relations with russia. as you know, nato and russia had signed

a basic treaty, a basic agreement that was supposed to ensure stable and even a friendly co existence. that is now also off the table. essentially, the russians having completely changed the circumstances on which, which that agreement was based. but whether this means a hardening across all sectors or only in the strategic and defense area. that is a major open question. you and i report a lot on international economic matters and trade. many, many people are, are concerned that this hardening in the defense area could spill over into a hardening in the trade area as well. but when we talk to international business leaders, we're often hearing that that is something they absolutely want to prevent it. terry does come back to you normally, you stationed in brussels or headquarters, you can coordinate over many, many years. so this is the biggest strategy shift since the end of the cold

war, melinda, and you both have touched upon this, just give me a sense of the, the meaning of this in the growing grand scheme of things. well, it can't be understated how much russia did cause this as melinda mentioned. now they only come out with these strategic concepts about every 10 years. so it's not surprising that this is the year that they're going to revamp it. but basically, drafters had to had to rip up what they would have said, which, which would have envisioned some kind of, i wouldn't necessarily say friendlier, but more civil relationship with russia. now that is completely not going to be said, it is going to be stated very clearly that russia is the major threat to, to nato. and again, as melinda mentioned, china will be mentioned for the 1st time. now we should also mention, since you brought up former president trump, that another thing that's going to be happening at the summit is that they are

going to be discussing how they're going to pay for all these huge boosts to their defenses. as, as we all know, 2 percent used to be what the goal was for countries to spend 2 percent of their g d, p on their own militaries. so that there would be a lot of resources available. should nato need them? now the language is that 2 percent is the floor and not the ceiling. now countries were supposed to reach that 2 percent of g d. p level by 2024. now they're going to be talking about how much more they're going to need to spend. so as we know, a lot of them haven't made it to 2 percent yet, but we're also seeing a lot of them go beyond 2 percent right now, germany being one of them. so these changes that russia has, has brought about in nato really are, are, are massive and not just in what you see in terms of troop availabilities and spending. but in the mindset of the nato allies realizing they have to be in this together and a threat to one of them truly is a threat to all of them. terminals in madrid that i'm going to the crime here,

the studio, thank you both very much. now ukraine's president vladimir zalinski has addressed the united nations security council, demanding that russia be labeled a terrorist states. he also released the video claiming to show the moment when a missile struck a shopping mall in chrome mention on the monday, killing at least 18 people. soleski said the video is evidence that russia deliberately targeted civilians. video cannot be independently verified. russia claims it fired precision guided missiles at the weapons depot. the lensky urged the security council to expel russia from the united nations. shall then it is imperative to deprive the russian delegation off the opportunity to manipulate the un. it is imperative to make it impossible for russia to stay in the un security council until it stops committing terrorism. you more than that,

it is imperative to establish a tribunal, to investigate everything that the russian military has done to the ukraine. yes. and it is imperative to give the legal definition of state terrorism as you in level 3 rushes actions must be investigated and global sanctions imposed for russia destruction of the international legal order even on you. really, earlier i spoke to the w correspondent, calmly and crumb and shook, and i asked him about that video released by the ukranian government, which it says shows the moment of that explosion was this video that was shared among others by present zalinski is our of you see missile strike in the distance and that we built a believe is the mall. and in foreground, you see the factory that is not hit. and obviously no one has, since that video was released, been able to go there and to verify that all those kind of locations stack up were

hoping to get the factory in the next few hours if we are allowed. and there was also a version of explanation that spread by the russian authorities who say that actually the factory was hit and that the fire spread from there to this mall that something the ukrainians dispute say is totally absurd. and they point to some of the damage to the more behind me and say that his impact, that he's not fire simply f, causing this mall to fall to pieces. so hopefully in the next few hours, we'll have it or clarity about the kind of series of events and how it all fits together. but for now of the, the ukrainians trying to draw as much touch this possible and to really show the internal community. what impact this war is having on civilians? hundreds. come swiftly for lines. now it's 2 days after that attack. what's the mood like in commentary? i think a lot of people here just can't quite still believe it. they did kind of think that now this war had focused on those front lines that the time was when bessie, all of ukraine was under attack, that we saw in the beginning of his war in march and april, excuse me,

that that was over. but this of see has brought that back into really sharp focus. and i think they, this is the question now of all the air raid alarms, which often can be on for about 34 hours a day. are people really get an hour basically go to their cell as every time they hear us are in books, it does make living an ordinary and normal life going about your business. go about your job very, very difficult. so people now really faced the stark choice between maximum safety and potentially not be able to go about normal life and earn a living and you know, falling those safety precautions. alec, i want to talk to you about this. so the russian use agency task just announced that the russian controlled ukrainian region of care song has begun preparations for a referendum on in, in russia. what do you know about this? i think this is 1st and foremost threats. this hopefully is a reminiscent of what rested in crimea, host holding a referendum. the downside world and see ukraine. first of all does not recognize as fair or free. it's a threats i think, to ukraine, that if it carries on trying to advance in that part of ukraine, the southware,

actually ukraine is making quite significant advances that russia will basically call this region part of russia and then threatened to use nuclear weapons to protect it. against ukrainian volts as part of russia's core territory. i think it was a threat to the wider world with so dark view crane, you know, picking up and in recent weeks we've had increasing promises of deliveries, of really high tech, western weapons, rushes increasingly feeling the pain from those strikes in don't bass. so i think for now this is a threat if it happens or not, it's not immediately going to happen. it's most likely can take some time. but definitely russia putting up the dramatic pressure and showing the outside world an ukraine that it's willing to escalate aka on an economy, they're reporting from, from an shock in ukraine. thank you, nick and to i'm welcome back melinda crane. in the studio, we're gonna have some live pictures there, i believe, from the nato summit, nato secretary general, yes, stored max, speaking to you as president joe biden,

there, i don't know whether we have an audio feed. let's have a, let's listen it. well, we will agree that biggest over hold while we collect the pencil, turn since the end of the cold war. and us is of course, been much part of that. and then we will invite you to the scene for joining that demonstrates with naples store is open on it, then we'll set the president putin has not succeeded in closing that store. and he is getting the opposite to wealthy wants. he wants. leslie thought, president putin is getting more in a thought by a finance written, joining our alliance. or we will agree a comprehensive assistant package for your claim. and then i also welcome the fact that we are able now to a state that actually european allies in canada, art stepping hope with more troops higher. edna's also increase defense spending figures shows that they have added the 150000000000 ext or use folders for defense

. that seems to made the pledge back in 2014. so on the old. this demonstrates unity on the strength of our lawn. so thank you. you know, i was asked about this sworn back fill and then and sweden, when he should or leaders. and i came to the white house and i said, put was looking for a physical ization. you're going to get to nato ization of your and that's exactly what he didn't want exactly what needs to be done to guarantee security for you or . and i think it, i think it's necessary and i'm looking forward to happen. thanks shortly. thank you . a that was alive from the native summit in madrid, nato secretary general. you have short max speaking to you as president joe biden,

about the big changes that are on the way for nato, for the defense alliance, the western defense alliance. let's briefly, melinda, talk about the role of us in the expansion and in accepting finland and sweden, into an ac nato. what role did the us play this was this some arm twisted involved, maybe in on cra. it was certainly a very key role that the u. s has played, in fact, in this entire shift that we have seen since the beginning of russia's war on ukraine. the u. s. has long been a very strong supporter of eastern european nato members, and a strong strong advocate of a very robust defense of nato's eastern north eastern flank. so it comes as no surprise that this strategic concept shift that we will be seeing

from a deterrence posture in the baltic, republics and along the eastern flank to a defense posture, meaning an expansion of the battle groups to brigade size that rapid response force that terry mentioned earlier and expansion from 40002300000 troops that can be quickly brought in. all of that is something very much in line with us thinking. and of course, president biden has also been viewed as absolutely key to shoring up the unity within the alliance as well. of course, as with the broader friends of the us in regard to ukraine. another aspect in which the u. s. is absolutely central to percent. as you know, us presidents going back decades, you have been pushing for what's called burden sharing and not getting it until

this war began. and now we have seen this massive turn around, even by a country like germany that has never fulfilled that goal to say it will do so in future. finally, to turkey, you asked, we're told that there was some arm twisting. turkey has not been part of the us fighter jet program for some time now. apparently with suggested that that freeze out would continue unless turkey came around on finland and sweden and indeed that has occurred. now let's go back to terry that in madrid. we were talking about the u. s. at the significance of the u. s. input here in this decision. but just remind us how important is the, was militarily a for nato, and will the you wish to carry the biggest burden in this expansion of capabilities? well, the usaa shoulders most of the burden it gets funds 70 percent of,

of nato's budget. at the moment, and this is something that, as melinda said, the u. s. has wanted to change and it has succeeded to some extent even before the war started. but certainly now, and something interesting with these numbers of moving the rapid response force from 40002300000 the u. s. held back on announcing what it was willing to contribute to this, i to the enlargement of this force in order to, to prod the european allies to mention what they were going to to contribute. and that is going to be something that's, that's finalized here at this meeting. but at when, when we initially were hearing numbers, we heard that it was going to be expanded from 40002240000, which is already huge. but to the u. s had not announced its numbers yet and that so that it could sit back and let the european sort of fidget with their own budgets and their own resources before it came in and, and boosted it up to this 300000. that we're now hearing about it and nobody, nobody thinks that the u. s. is, is not going to continue to really play it play

a leading role in military operations. nobody has the capabilities at the united states has, although other nato countries are trying to balance the bind together and, and purchase some of these capabilities. again, when we're looking at who's providing what for ukraine, you can't do this without the united states. but you also can't do it without, for example, poland. and if you look at the baltic states, they're providing even greater percentages of their g, d, p, and weapons for ukraine. so other allies are coming along on this war, but, but, you know, the united states will always be the central country and nato. terry shows that in madrid and melinda crane in the studio again. thank you. and that's really it from me on the new steam before we go. here's a quick look at our top story. they saw natalie does our today meeting in the spanish capital madrid expected to expand the lines and biting new members and

boosting it's rapid deployment. humans, nato secretary general against open back cold russia. the biggest threat since world war 2. that's it from me and terry and melinda and the new see my uncle way though up next our environment magazine, eco, india looks at ways to deal with pollution from discard it. see the right fonts, and there's always a website full, more news for you. that's d, w dot com out office in berlin. ah ah, ah, it's easy to feel powerless against human induced threats plus a water and but doing nothing.