ah, sometimes a seed is all you need to allow the big ideas to grow. we're bringing environmental conservation to wife with learning pass white global ideas. we will show you how climate change and environmental conservation is taking shape around the world and how we can all make a difference. knowledge gross through sharing, download it now for, for welcome to a new edition of tomorrow to day coming up. could vintage technology help reduce airplane emission? can you make environmentally friendly, concrete, out of carbon dioxide and reports it finds out and we show how

harnessing the wind could help cities cope with climate change. tomorrow to day, the d. w. sun show heat waves in the northern hemisphere, reco temperatures around the globe from dubai to delhi, to paris. 2015 was the hottest years whose records began. according to the world material, logical organization, it could soon get even more sweltering. but before we take a look at ways to keep cities livable, despite rising temperatures, we hear what our fee will have to say. ah, do you live in a city or a region where it gets really hot? how do you cope? what's the local saw?

she's due to tackle the problem. that's what we asked you on social media insight, writes in el salvador. nothing is being done. everyone just buys their own air conditioner. mm. audrianna into kuta and colombia says the city is always been hot, so you need to keep hydrated with sunscreen, use clothing, and sandal. unfortunately not much has being done to protect the environment. in another post from the south american country, mary lewis rice. i live in cartagena, columbia. it gets unbearably hot here and there are no initiatives to compensate for the high temperatures. i keep plants inside and out use thermal curtains and a fan ego from answer from indonesia is planning on planting, shade trees in the yard, and suggests it would help if everyone planted a tree. others, sebastian is thinking along similar lines and is going to install the pond and the god from mexico, chavez, gregorio,

7 or 8 rides. i live in a city in northern mexico, with temperatures can reach 40 degrees and they are rising every year. an additional problem is that water is very scarce. neither previous governments nor the current one have launched any reforestation programs. as far as i know, instead of planting trees, they built more streets and shopping malls, reducing public space and making the city bigger. thanks for your comments. in our 1st report we had to hamburg to find out can wind serve as a natural inclination tickets, cities cool. a gust of wind can quickly turn into a bad hair day urban residence. usually only think about wind when it bothers them . but a fresh breeze can also help us feel good in an urban setting. city planners and scientists across germany. then taking

a closer look at the complicated interplay between wind and architecture. because wind is an important parameter for an urban climate. thus, the sooner the south wind, a nice thing is that everyone can benefit from the wind. but wind, you can also be difficult in the city and very a lot. but you have to make sure you don't design. i should be in a way that no wind can get through it all. minta flies like us, that'd be fine in winter or during autumn storms. but in the summer, you'd have a build up of heat with no air circulation from the surrounding area. minimum lansing, also meteorologist akio hansen is collecting data and hamburg port area of, of his focus is on wind. comfort of the idea is that an area needs to be ventilated, but not have wind corridors which make life unpleasant for residence. when this district was planned, wind comfort clearly didn't play a key role. investment in length that we're measuring along this street with the

port area because it has interesting wind conditions at all. i know i am fight, there's an entree path for the wind, as well as a complex building structure which completely influences the wind complaint binds on. duffy see that on the street corner, the wind gusts are up to 3 times as strong as the average wind speed here. i model navy them id love in on a typical autumn day. wind gusts, year can quickly reach up to an uncomfortable 120 kilometers per hour. the data ratings are used to create a computer animation. it shows the high wind speeds and extreme turbulence that develop small changes could help improve the situation. it would, i would try to plant a significant amount of greenery along the key wall. adding trees would help to slow down the wind generally into name. i'm bookings because i can see that all

over the world are urban greenery, has many advantages. it doesn't only influence the wind, but also helps with other phenomena like particulate matter in a minute. the final but of course it would make more sense to factor in the wind when planning the construction of buildings. that's what kristof clunker from the carlswell institute of technology is working on. he's aiming for optimal ventilation of entire cities. unobstructed corridors are important, so air from the surrounding area can flow into the city at night. im stuck, give you a bottom in the urban area itself, you have warm air with lower density which rises at the same time. cooler air from the surrounding area is sucked in from the sides of it all. that's very important. so we can all sleep well at night when it's too hot, we all sleep badly. i'm laughing on inflation. in general, the la your a city is the hotter it gets densely built up areas slow down the wind and store

heat. at night, the temperature difference between the city and the surrounding area can be as much as 10 degrees celsius. new housing developments can put the necessary fresh air corridors in jeopardy. we turned to another german city, mannheim. almost $1600.00 new residential units are to be built there on the site of a former military barracks. but how well will the quarters behind them be ventilated? following construction. to find out, christoph clunker simulates the night time flow of cold air with a model of the city decay proofed. emily simulate cold air using a heavy gas mixture. cold air has a higher density than hot air goes mom. and so we take normal air and makes it with heavy guess to discuss then we add a miss to it to make it visible. lennon flow slowly into our models, lung from yard. his research shows that demolishing the old military barracks has

actually improved the inflow of cold air into the city. the new buildings by contrast won't block the cold air flow. that's an important factor for efficient ventilation. the marvin, the kite goofed off, i'm whenever a cold air meets an obstacle hoof such as a building and it can either flow around the building or it's deflected upwards and then flows over the building voided. if it's deflected upwards, like there is a possibility or risk of the colder will mix with the warmer air above it to give out. and then the colder look will be diluted or the flow stopped fun of her doing it soon. so, so it's all buildings on the edge of a city should certainly be avoided. who are good, boy, i'm up hunt that a few fights of a light global warming and increased urban density pose. major challenges for the city. planning of the future scientists are currently receiving funding from germany's research ministry to develop a computer model for wind forecasts designed for use with new building projects. it

features small scale climate models to identify problems early on, so that city planners and architects can factor in wind and ventilation during the design phase. with climate change advancing, we can't afford to repeat that mistakes of the past and was reject shonda alba. we have to make sure when we build that we take the future into consideration and ensure the buildings can withstand the changed climatic conditions about height. not too dense, not too hot, not to drafty. it's clear that analyzing when conditions in the planning phase is essential to making cities livable in the future. how to best adjust to climate change and rising temperature the unit, the u. n's environmental program for instance, recommends plants and trees to provide shade and lower air temperature for housing

. but storms and heavy rain are another result of climate change. so houses and roofs in particular need to be secured against extreme weather and in regions that are vulnerable to plotting, it makes sense to build more houses on still another recommendation of the u. n. environmental program. but maybe it makes sense to get to the root of the problem. concrete is the most commonly used building material in the world. it's been used for more than 2000 years. it's basic components, i'll cement water and sand. but the drawback is cement production is a major source of global c o 2 emissions 3 d printing is one solution. 3 d printed buildings made with real concrete are now a reality. but they're all conflicting opinions on whether or not the process

really does cut carbon emissions. either way, research is, are eager to find ways to reduce the carbon footprint of the cement industry. d, w report to africa. ology investigate the new technology being pioneered by canadians data. hey, ever heard of this? you can build, haul through with gov. ah, no joke. you can make concrete out of carbon dioxide. well, that's what i heard from a start up in canada. wait, did i hear that her? hey madison, can your company really make concrete out of thin air? we can't actually me concrete out of out of been here. but we do is we have a ceo to you are embedded or enhanced supplementary seminar history materials. the very long worry, but essentially it's an additive that can replace a portion of cement in a concrete mix. okay?

not really concrete odyssey or to, but something that replaces a part of the cement confused. let's break it down. concrete is basically made out of the ingredients, cement, sand, and water. and it seems to me that it is everywhere. right, madison colgate right now is the 2nd house you substance on earth, other than water. currently, the rate of growth emitted the built environment is about equivalent to building one new york city every month. wow. building houses and infrastructure. the great thing with a little problem. this is the bad guy. the production of cement, emits enormous amount of c, o. 28 percent of all greenhouse gases are caused by the construction industry. that's huge. madison said her company has a solution. a substitute made out of surprising ingredients. industrial waste like

ashes and c o 2. when you have time to process technology and that kind of comes in the form of a very large reactor, especially how it works is we put our solid heat into the vessel. and then we pressurized that with c o 2. and we rotate the vessel for a number of hours. okay, let's go industrial risk like ayesha and c o 2 ah, what's happening in the chemical process, the c o 2 molecule minute alive with the industrial ashes. it is as if the greenhouse gas fossilize is a completely different material comes out and it can replace up to 40 percent of

this human the production does not emit greenhouse gas, it absorbs it. in other words, the climate damage in greenhouse gas is dropped in the concrete madison. you want to build the future with the waste of today me project that i 2030 will be able to achieve 600 make tons of carbon reduction. good luck. using cement substitutes can't make the construction industry completely green, but it can at least to make it a bit greener. the cement industry is responsible for even more carbon emissions than flying. but that doesn't let the ation industry off the hook . international air traffic increases every year even during the global pandemic, over $20000000.00 flights took off world wide

the move flights there are the more carbon emissions are produced. one way of making aviation more sustainable is switching to alternative fuels. reducing the amount of fuel used in the 1st place is another option, and that involves the thinking engines. boosting airplanes, fuel efficiency is taking far too long. minor technical improvements have led to a mere one half per cent drop in fuel consumption. up until the demick annual passenger numbers were rising by 5 percent. growth has led to 10 times more emissions than modern aviation technology can conserve. professor dita schultz at the hamburg university of applied sciences thinks that the industry does far too little to protect the climate. elizabeth taking a v gigs plant. we must counter this with technology for it's not as if there

weren't enough ideas or projects. the question was simply whether everything is targeted enough and whether there's enough technological openness of us can move. technology offline, have moved. we shall, i may be that we even need to look to the past. i a cocoa in salzburg airport hanger 7 is the last authorized dc, 6 passenger plane and inter continental airplane. we want to know which advantages the aviation technology of the 19th forty's had. and if there is anything we can learn from it, this douglas d. c 6 was yugoslav. dictator tito is a government plane until 1980 to day a soft drink producer uses it for air shows and the formula one team uses it for travel. this is cynthia, here we are inside our dc 6, which is furnished quite luxuriously with somewhat heavier seats and heavier interior furnishings. to enable more comfortable travel,

which we've limited to 35 passengers and crew that off this plane used to carry up to 108 people. and it's furnished like today's economy class. so me plus the d. c 6 has a range of 8000 kilometers and a crew speed of 500 kilometers per hour. for its time, it was an outstanding technological achievement. the, the 650 for the d. c. 6 has fallen by 2 pilots and an on board engineer who sits in the middle and who specializes in operating the flight instruments and who also fine tunes. the good luck here on the good list. here we have the mix regulator, grandma, we can simply set it to fly very efficiently with busiest spasm slaten to day fuel consumption in aviation is passenger oriented. modern airplanes use on average $3.00 leaders of kerosene per passenger for 100 kilometers. the dc 6 was much more efficient than planes to day because piston engines and propellers use the fuels

energy much more effectively. to like this new movie da shanty if it's input that most people are amazed at how efficient flying was back then. we thought for best about $1.00 leaders per person per 100 kilometer. he said he hit the frontier. that's about half of today's fuel use. let's see. oh. and you can see how much was done in the 1st 30 years of flying. and how little was done in the following 80 or 90 years in the, at least in terms of fuel efficiency, 6 nights examples, his red aircraft in western germany has rediscovered the advantages of the piston engine for airplanes. instead of using jet engines, read aircraft, uses ultralight turbo diesel engines. they are twice as fuel efficient as jet engines. and they have an important advantage over turbo jets, which are only efficient and high altitudes. diesels turbo charger also makes it highly efficient during take off and landing at the moment $25.00 diesel

engines are billed here each year. even though each engine is built by hand, they are 7 times as efficient as comparable turbo jets this diesel technologies full potential has yet to be realised. the red motor shows what it can do with just $95.00 leaders of aviation fuel per hour. this diesel engine is 60 percent more efficient than a turbo jet. within seasons we see the diesel engine as future proof and because we can always increase the fuel efficiency fault, we can immediately deploy sustainable fuels. and in order to do justice to the expensive fuel, we can switch to hydrogen combustion. if we can hybridize, we have all these options. diesel is to motion. propellers can also be improved as

this bavarian company shows it's multi blade propellers have earned it a global reputation. they're coming from, we go from loud vibrating to blade propellers to 4 to 5 blade ones that are quiet the license. we don't use energy to make noise anymore, but to boost thrust full of and we're working on 79, and 11 blade concepts off to move the whole idea forward. i thought to putting in this consequence of hi tech propellers are a serious competitor to jet engines. like victims of our estimates and simulations sure will be able to deploy a propeller airplane sufficiently up to a speed of about 800 kilometers an hour. given that we're developing this technology, this propeller has potential in terms of the future propulsion systems to put systemic auto aviation. and los angeles shows just how much airplanes using diesel engines and propellers can be improved. company founder william auto uses red

diesel engines from western germany and an empty propeller from bavaria. he also optimize us as plains aerodynamics autos. celera $500.00 l permit inter continental flights at 740 kilometers per hour. and on top of that, it seems 80 percent more fuel than the competition the live into the road. but absolutely is they in harm. the elements that we've seen with the celera what can absolutely be transferred to large passenger planes. here's an example of such an airplane with 180 passengers. what's crucial is that this large plane now has a propeller engine, with a few other technical refinements nestled naturally. it's, as, of course, it's somewhat slower while and use it for them. but in particular, it flies deeper, doesn't have controls, and therefore avoids global warming to a very great extent available in their stack. and last, 3 small companies are showing the mighty aviation industry how to build fuel

efficient airplanes with modified but familiar technology. a giant leap forward for climate protection. have you ever wondered why plains need to be di iced in winter? well, frozen contaminants can add weight and interfere with the aerodynamic properties of the plane. take off and landing when the plane passes through clouds are especially critical. 10 kilometers and more above sea level, the outside temperature is a freezing minus 50 degrees celsius. and that means there's no more moisture in the atmosphere that can turn to ice on the plane surface. and that leads to the question asked by avila humphrey to dawson from tanzanian. oh, why is it colder at high altitudes, even though we're closer to the sun?

let's take a closer look at the earth's atmosphere. it's made up of 5 layers. the lowest one is the troposphere, it's up to 7 kilometers high at the polls, and 17, near the equator. all it's temperature drops by around 6 degrees celsius per kilometer. and that's due to the composition of the air around 99 percent of the atmospheres, water vapor is found in the troposphere. the water vapor plus carbon dioxide, methane, and other greenhouse gases, keep temperatures constant on earth. without them, we'd be looking at an average of 18 degrees celsius below 0. the further away we get from sea level, the thinner the air gets, so that means it 1st gets colder. but the mountaineers need to bundle up to survive at high altitudes. the top of mount everest gets to minus 60 degrees celsius. so far, at least, the higher you are,

the colder it guess. now let's head to the stratosphere 50 kilometers above earth. here things start to warm up again. that's because the ozone layer absorbs the sun's uv rays and turns them into heat. so temperatures can climb back up to 0. the stratosphere is also where weather balloons take their measurements. and some volcanic eruptions are so powerful that their gas and debris reaches far as the stratosphere next comes the mezzo sphere. there are hardly any ozone molecules here, so the temperature drops again at the top edge of them as a sphere, it can get to minus 120 degrees. the cold is spot in the earth's atmosphere. but the error still dense enough to protect the earth. the friction of the gas

molecules burns up all, but the biggest meteors and most commission spacecraft and satellite also incinerator on re entry. and it's like turning in the thermos fear and exit sphere temperatures sore all the way up to 1500 degrees celsius. so the higher the colder isn't a universal rule. mm hm. what matters is the different physical condition set, the point in the atmosphere and the chemical composition of the gases there. if i was let, is read why i gave you. if you have a science question, you'd like us to answer, then send it in. if your question is chosen for the show, you also receive a small surprise from us as

a thank you. come on just dos. and if you're interested in more stories on science and tag, you can find us online at d, w dot com slash science and on twitter. that's it for this week. so thanks for watching and see you next week for another edition of tomorrow to day. until then, goodbye with ah ah with

who i aah! confronting the past and argentina from 1976 on the military who retired killed tens of thousands of opponents,

the children of the path. the changes have founded a collective and, and now coming to tons with a trauma together with the children of the victim, my father, the killer, close up in 30 minutes on d, w. o, and a little nar, davinci is mysterious masterpiece. for this, perhaps the greatest leonardo masterpiece in the collection of the louvre and no, it is not the mona lisa. it is the virgin of the rocks, 2 versions, multiple copies, and a hidden drawing. was there another symbolic meaning to this beautiful painting that perhaps we just don't understand?

the search for answers starts july 7th on d, w. go mike speaking, how can this passionate hatred of a people be explained? a gold tom, where does it come from? come all swept the history of antisemitism. he's a history of stigmatization and exclusion of religious and political power. struggles in the christian christianity wants to convey that is why christianity you like the figure of the jew as any parent, some hope to fly. it's a history of slender, of hatred and violence. some of these for then on the jews were considered servants of evil. we simply told you the most atrocious chapter and within 6 years, a 3rd of our people were exterminating 6000000 jews,

like microbes to be annihilated. even 77 years after the holocaust hatred towards jews is still pervasive. a history of anti semitism this week on d. w ah, ah, this is dw news lie from berlin. ukraine repels russian attacks in don, yet the region is coming under increasing russian attack after the full of neighboring the wants residence race to escape cities. now on the new front line, while ukraine said soft new defensive.