come, mike speaking, how can miss passionate hatred of a people be explained? colton, go, a history of anti semitism is a history of stigmatization and exclusion of religious and political power struggles. it's a history of slender, of hatred and violence even 77 years after the holocaust hatred towards jews is still pervasive. oh, a history that you semitism this week on d. w ah, forest johnson, the counting his final days of british prime minister in disgrace. but still in office till his replacement is chosen. why did the conservative party accept some of the lying in the u turns for so long? my guest this week in london is malcolm rifkin, veteran conservative politician who served as both defense and foreign secretary.

no fan of boris, the politician. i never thought he should have been prime minister in the 1st place . he was the wrong person here. so what happens now to all the former ministers and officials who indulged johnson's booster ism and falsehood? well, the tory party, clean them out. how much did conservatives really do to help you crane prepare for war? i'm glad all said and done. will the next? british prime minister, just be more of the same key questions this week and conflict, so ah, america rifkin, welcome to conflict zone. thank you. you wrote the other day that boris johnson trashed or tried to trash. many of the conventions that protect british liberties and the countries unwritten constitution. and that's a very serious charge if it's true. why do you think it took your party so long to get rid of him? well, i think 1st of all,

i'm not suggesting he thought of it as trashing all the conventions. the problem with bars johnson is he doesn't think through the implications of what he does and sometimes the seriousness of what he does. i don't think he's in moral letting he's a moral. you'll let him off the hook here. i'm not let him off. so who came simply saying, you acted an incredibly reckless way? because britain, unlike virtually every other country in the world, does not have a written constitution for our system to work and relies on what you've just described as the conventions. whereby parliament and ministers accept their responsibilities and desist from certain kinds of activity. and he seemed to believe that in his own case, because he had such a large majority in parliament, he could get away with that and he found it couldn't. and the party let him get away with it because the writing had been on the wall for some time, hadn't it to ethics advises resigning one thing the time is to put him in an odious position. the resignation in june of john penrose, the government's own anti corruptions, are saying. johnson had committed

a fundamental breach of the ministerial code of a party gate. at all of these junctures, the conservative party looked away. why? let me, i'm going to answer your question that i have to proceed by saying that my own case, i never thought he should have been prime minister in the 1st place. he was the wrong person here. i'd love to have him at a dinner body. i did not think his remarkable qualities was suited to being prime minister of any country, certainly not united kingdom. and so did a large minority of conservatives. but to come to your question, you have. one thing you didn't mention was it is a very short time since he led to the conservative party to a huge doroty. barger emma expected in the hot yes. precisely. but when you were, when you have such a mandate and no one even, i suggest we would have had that large majority without his leadership. at that time, he caught the public mood. he won large numbers of seats and water called the red wall area of the northern parts of england,

which voted labor for 70 years. and suddenly significant numbers, very conservative, and conservative. m p 's were just because he was a vote when you could look away from all the transgressions and they want to trashing and right. say what i'm saying is it was inevitably again, to be a gradual disillusionment on the part of those who had thought he was a great guy and would make a great prime minister. but there was a consciousness that removing a prime minister from office and not as a general election, but by his own party. the last, well, the last time that happened was teresa met. and the time before that was margaret thatcher said the conservative party does have a tradition, unlike the live a part to other parties in britain. if it comes to a judgment, that prime minister has become a permanent liability rather than an asset. it can get rid of that leader very loosely as it did on this occasion. well, you say very loosely, i would say they took their time over this. perhaps the most damning comment came

last november from lord evans, chairman of the committee on standards in public life. about johnson's attempt to change the disciplinary procedure for m. p. 's. while one of the was under investigation, evan evans called it a very damaging moment for parliament and for public standards. and he gave this unprecedented warning. he said there was a danger that britain could slip into being a corrupt country. again, the conservative party looked away seriously. the blind eye has been staggering. your, your title to put it in those terms. but you're using nice color, full theatrical language to mask the fact that in a democracy and elected prime minister, who has had the confidence, not just a polymer is a hold of his party. it is quite an awkward thing to put it mildly to suddenly dump him in the, in the middle of a parliament. and that was a gradual process because his colleagues in cabinet and it was any of the cabinet

ultimately who had that power to remove them. obviously were reluctant to act in such a unilateral way and that would have been surprising if they weren't. so i'm not saying i wouldn't prefer that if they done well. they eventually did 6 months or a year or there. i personally would have preferred that. but then i've already told you i'd prefer to never having been down the street in the 1st place. isn't the real problem with the conservative party the house for too long put his own electoral fortunes above the interests of the british people. it allowed a prime minister to continue doing harm and lying, engaging in what the eminent historian peter hennessy called a bonfire of the decencies should the party be hanging his head in shame. but again, you're using marvelous colorful language. and if i was sitting, i just said, if i much on the i was about to say if i was city where you're sitting, i'm sure i'd be using the same colorful language, but it actually conceals,

as well as illustrates the nature of democratic politics. and when you have a leader, whether he's a good one or a bad one, in this case, a bad one when he's been elected by the proper democratic processes of the conservative party. and then given the something mandate by the electorate. the deposition of margaret thatcher and totally different circumstances. her integrity wasn't a question in her case, but she was deposed by her colleagues and not just the, the party, but the country as a whole was deeply divided about that. it did quite a lot. it had to happen, i was in the cabinet that helped deliver that at that time. so i didn't regret what we did. but i also conscious of the fact you create a trauma which can last and concrete other problems. by if there are still a large numbers of people who believe that an unfair thing has happened, so you can't rush such, it can only happen gradually and is, and, but do remember compare johnson with trump. trump, last a national election,

refused to go know, organized, or was involved in a riot, the capital johnson, with all his terrible faults which i'm not personally tending to try and conceal. at the end of the day, he went quietly, there were no riots. there was no people marching out of goblins to protect them. he simply overnight said ok. i'm issuing a statement saying i'm stepping down. you know, that's how the system ought to work and it did well if he leaves office, tainted, then when the party in the party is tainted. this way, clear fogies from the downing street advisor wrote in may. the party, conservative body is a wrecking ball. it smashes through parliamentary standards and public trust. it hurtles through all niceties about the truth. actually mattering it crushed through relationship with europe. she has a point. johnson still says that he can leave with his head help calm too,

because he leaves another disgrace. but the party shares some of that was great. you know, what, hold on. i mean, you, again, you're using wonderful colorful language and you're using unqualified superlatives . what is also true, you could have added to your list of the conservative body is that it has enjoyed the conference of the confidence of the british electorate for 32 of the last 50 years. yes, but doesn't it? i didn't know. at this precise moment, i'm not so sure, i think it possibly doesn't, but labor party, which is the only credible alternative government, doesn't inspire that competence either through such a period where business very fortunate actually is what we don't have is some ultra right wing or left wing party waiting in the, in the eaves to take over. we don't have money, le pen and we don't have the fascist or ultra socialist sort of the alternatives. so you have a conservative in the labor party as a tool to ent, of governments. at this moment in time,

i guess tom is doing his best. let me try and be objective. he's a huge improvement on carbon jeremy carbon who almost destroyed the liberal party. but so far as we can tell, the liberal party is not to at the moment capable of winning an election by itself and forming a government. so who knows what would happen were in the process of choosing a new prime minister i want, i want to come on to that. is that going to do a major consideration? yes, i want to come to them. but, but what should happen to all those who lied on johnson's behalf. the enablers, who indulged him and some who still do those, who defended him every time. a new scandal bred went to the tv studios toward them, giving out the latest version of events, only to watch it crumble and disappear. i should happen to people because they indulged him, didn't allow me to kept him in par, allow me to say there is no government in the world democratic order for a period where the members of the cabinet accept that the prime minister of the

president, whoever it may be, it deserves a presumption that he's telling the truth. when he says that some accusation has been leveled against the trash that present maybe a case because somebody has lied quite often. doesn't mean everything. they say must be a lie now, but you can't give him the benefit of that that you can't give him the benefit. but these are the bits july. can you? well, it depends on the issue. it depends on the other evidence being very tight. no, i'm not being kind, i'm trying to be rational and you for one's being very irrational as you perfectly well know. what i'm saying is that the government, the government of the country, the queen's government has to go on. you didn't just set prime ministers as if it's particular those who have just a couple of years ago when a huge majority from the electorate and genuine re election is a serious matter and the government, whoever's the goodnight was in margaret thatcher. government for the full period of

time. and some of the time i disagree strongly in what she was dig. if you feel strongly on a particular matter for which you have the departmental responsibility, then you resign. but all the time when the cabinet reaches a decision, that decision will be presented as a unanimous decision of the cabinet. because those who were in a minority willing to go along with it. so you're telling me that that's what happens in any democratic country at any time. and it couldn't happen otherwise, what governments would be collapsing every 6 months. but you're telling me now that there's no need for clean outside, never be old official. is there any, i mean out of the party? i am from zack, a light to restore public? well, you're using nice neutral phrases like johnson's acolytes. there are some members of his team who are not my the flavor of the month as it were, who i hope, who services i hope will not be required by the new prime minister. and i'm not going to name names in this particular interview because that's not my function and the private citizen and see the need to. but of course i hope the new prime is to

whoever he or she might be. will use the opportunity. and actually the most important thing, i think the new prime minister should do is create a cabinet of all the talents because johnson didn't do that. johnson surrounded himself, some people he'd surrounded himself with were of cabinets, stature. some franklin, she never been in the cabinet in the 1st place. so malcolm, there's a lot of talk about restoring trust and integrity in government. but already some in your party are writing almost prior to style the alternative history of the johnson era. the pretenses that he got all the big cause right, but he patiently didn't duty. of course, you're asking me to say what i've already said in public many, many times. of course he got a lot of the decisions in my view bad the wrong. some are right, actually to be fair to them all ukraine. he has provided a degree of leadership of a very impressive kind of to me by surprise. and he's been apart from united states,

the leading champion of ukraine and perceived by ukrainians themselves. is one of that was his friend, but that version is slightly misleading, isn't it? the truth is that for 7 years following russia's invasion of crimea, britain refuse to send weapons that key if needed, despite the fact that they were asking for them on a regular basis. why don't acknowledge that? so if you wish to move on from what you've previously asking, please acknowledge that what you're doing. you company johnson for what happened in the last 7 years. but for the time that he was fine, he wasn't prime minister and he didn't control the government. and i didn't know what internal discussions took place then i know for example, visits become public. the ben wallace has defend 60, was arguing at an earlier time for more practical help, military helped to be given to the ukrainians. but that wasn't happening either in britain or the united states or in other western countries. this is what a british on them what is true. and it should be acknowledged is that before the invasion of crimea, the only 2 western countries that were getting serious military help to ukraine,

where the united states and the united kingdom. and they were doing so by, for example, military training. and it wasn't secret, some of that might have been secret. some of it was quite open that british military personnel were training. how do you think ukraine was able in 6 years, 6 years ago, at the time of the crimea, as an exception, ukraine's army was about 10000 strong. when puting them bid, there was a 120000 strong. so they not only had to build up an army, but it was trained in different concepts of warfare to what the old soviet union used to do, and what russia told us, which is why in the 1st few weeks of the vision of ukraine, the ukrainians were able to hold on to give improvement was remitted. now that was because british and american military personnel had been actively involved in giving advice, could they can give advice on instructions to the ukrainian military before the ambition as to how they should operate. and 2nd, by that, if i may, is on cyber,

we all assume that if there was going to be a russian attack on your credit, the 1st thing they do in 24 hours would have been to completely neutralize the whole entire structure in ukraine through hacking and cyber attacks, they were able to do that. why? because we now know that g c h q burton's, the special intelligence agency, the deals of these matters was authorized by the british government to give lots of advice to the ukrainians over the last few years. as was happening from others as well on how to deal with high cyber attacks and protect your infrastructure. you talk about what was done before put in actually decided to enjoy. but it wasn't until june last year that the government agreed to help you create rebuild. it's navy, but by then it was too late. the ships were ready for the invasion. you came from bassett. that him for stake. i said we had to scrap the project was just delay after delay. that knew that well, in my own personal case, i would have like more practical help to be given earlier. that wasn't my public

view and i'm not going to pretend otherwise. but you know, it's a pretty controversial question because ukraine is not a member of nato. and for the provision of military assistance to a country that might be involved in a war, in the short to medium term, is a very complex question. not just for tonight because they were involved in the war in east of the country by russia. yes, of course, couldn't have been having the 2014 yes, but that's become a prison conflict. and i was talking about a new, more of the kind that we have expense. so the united states in the united kingdom might have responded to ukraine's mid slower the ukrainians would have light, but they responded them side quicker than france or germany or any other nieto country or any other country in the world. and ukrainians of acknowledge that. let's talk if we may about boys johnson's unusual relations. let's put it that way with russia and russians in 2018 months after the russians use nava. chuck to try

and kill survey script in salisbury. johnson flew to italy minus his security detail in his officials and attended a party at which he met a former k g. b ali got alexander levied if no details of those discussions were ever made public. and it took 4 years for the prime minister act actually confirm that the meeting had taken place in lack of accountability. acceptable foreign secretary? no, no. yes. what do you read into that? there was nothing that i didn't already know that johnson has a long history of being reckless of doing things without accepting the implications of them. and of course, his foreign secretary, if he was going abroad and meeting people of that kind, the foreign office should have been aware of that for his own protection, apart from any other reasons. so these are all reasons why quite a number of us never thought he was suitable to be prime minister in the 1st place . said that was not the view of the majority of parliamentarians or the public who

gave him power at the last general election. was he soft on russia in your opinion? to parliamentary inquiries in 20182020. when he was prime minister, called for sanctions to be imposed on russian oligarchs, they were largely ignored. i wasn't involved in government, so i didn't know the details of what went on at that time. so i'm not going to offer a judgment on why that was not done because i didn't know is one of the reasons that he may have gone soft on russia. the fact that so much russian money was pouring into the story party coffers at the time in so far as the get a lot of russia. well, you talk of russian money as if it's coming from the kremlin and you know perfectly well it isn't perfectly well. it's very didn't know just where it's from. look festival. i'm not going to get into the details of this part because i don't know the detail and partly because i think you're on pretty tricky ground here. first of all, the law is you can in the accept the political divisions from british citizens that

i happen to be a number of people, not just russians, but of other nationalities who have acquired british citizenship, who are living, law abiding, so far as we know, lives in the united kingdom and some of them of the native to the conservative party. you cannot describe that as russian money which to your viewers will sound as if it's a kitten. bribing. british people bridge political party that's complete rubbish and unit that well it is. you were chair of the intelligence and security committee, 2010 to 2015, which gets to ask questions. the public don't get to to get us to get answers. the problem. either johnson refuse multiple efforts by and piece to investigate whether russia had interfered with the brakes. it referendum the government said retrospective assessment of the referendum is not necessary. how could johnson have known that when he didn't even ask the security to find that? sure, i make an additional point to what you just said. the intelligence and security committee can it's free to investigate any subject wishes. it does not need the

prime minister's permission to do so. and it says permission to publish its report . well that was, it was long delayed. yes, that's a separate point. but the actual report itself and the investigation, if it was felt by the, the all party intelligence and security committee, our job for 5 years, we give it additional new pause. parliament give it sort of buzz needed so that it was not dependent on the prime minister of the day as to whether i could make investigations of this kind. so the presumption of your question is just not covered. let's look at the contests to replace paris johnson moment 3 candles left as we speak. i know that later on today, the going to be just to all of them. but johnson appointees whoever wins will it just be more of the same? well, i hope not. and i have no reason to believe it because they are very different. but i do mean the very different from each other. all 3 of them are very different from

johnson. soon that martin truss there has knew that i'm aware of been any type of public criticism of remotely of a kind that correctly addressed itself to barnes johnson. and over the last couple of weeks, if there was anything new to discovered about them, then that i suspect would have been on the headlines of every newspaper in britain . but there nothing there was. we must assume that they have all 3 of them. have a history of public service of integrity, and i'm more favorite of some than others that's in this, that's a progression of personal preference, but their integrity has not been a major issue that i'm aware of. the to debate so far have revealed very little apart from huge animosity between the various candidates so much so that the contestants pulled out of the 3rd debate over the will be one between the, the final 2. this is the party very much at war with itself. isn't net if i did

party come of seriously demand. whenever you have any democratic party, an open competition to choose a new leader who if you're in government will become the prime minister. all president, depending which country we're talking about. of course, that's a democracy actually. if they pretended they agreed with each other all the time, you'd be saying to me, the system a bunch of clones, there's nothing you can't tell one from the other. all say exactly the same thing when you that would be your criticism and such as what we are seeing is a democracy at work. and of course, within a major political party like the, just a concert by the same applies in the labor party or any other major party. you have a broad church. i was not a fetch, right? when i was in the midst of such as cabinet. the number of things i disagreed with, that's normal and you tried not to wash your dirty linen, the public because it were. but in the, if you're actually standing for office,

the public are entitled to know what are not just things you share in common with your colleagues. but what are the differences you'd include the european research group in the, in the broad church description. of course they are, they are all conservators, they take the breakfast orthodoxy that nobody is allowed to challenge without being at all what you say, no does load challenges being set on there, but as entitled as your i am to criticize people, they disagree with the big lie as a bracket, his mom no hold on the. ready i'm going to, i'm not a supporter of the european search grew up because the people you're referring to, but they have exactly the same political right. as any other political animal, any other member of parliament, any other member of the public? did i said, even in the journalist to condemn views they disapprove of? and to criticize people who are arguing for things they think would be against the national interest from what had for crying out loud. this is what democracy is about. there's nobody ever told you that puts the future for this party,

democratic, democratic or divided into wings. hard rights pushing breaks it. awning, let getting rid of all the criticism out there. let me think of one thing about breaks it. that has worked well. i was gonna say, i know that i'm asking you, can you think of one thing about brett? yes, that was well. yeah, yes. one of the country's com done that? yes. you will. i will tell you what exactly are you working? i'm talking about. we're talking about bricks that i say. yes. right. is that what i'm saying to you? i don't think you'd chevy study, not private there. you might choose to for the purpose of this interview. there is that for a number of years for about 10 years, britain was deeply divided, including the referendum itself and weather and families were divided, them communities were divided. and there was a lot of agro about that and let me finish my answer. and it was dominating the british political scene at the expense of almost anything else. no, it, if it could be resolved, that had to be result. and if it was resolved by

a large majority, laura, whatever majority, it was the same, we were gonna stay and then hopefully it will come down as well. but the important thing is that the issue has gone off the boil. mr. ferrara, god bless him, has disappeared. nobody is remotely interested in him or his body because the issue itself is not dominating british politics and some of them are if can we have to disappear. thanks. thanks very much. indeed for being a break is over with blue, blue with

ah, with who it was supposed to be the emperor's place of residence. the whole house orland palace sicilian holes in potsdam their story is to tell the nazi era the potsdam conference in the ged are all scarred this manner

sicilian off, the prussian eagle and the soviet red star. in 15 minutes on d, w. e to india. the plague of plastic waste it puts a strain on our ecosystems and our health resourceful up cycling ideas and green packaging alternatives. try to contain its impacts in a meaningful way with eco india. 90 minutes on t w. o. a is increasing every year in many im gonna working on lunch with fairly holiday destinations and drowning in plastic

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his way is for superior than that of western democracy. china's president, changing ping starts july 30th on d, w. ah ah, this is the w news live from berlin a period of uncertain see beginning again in italy as prime minister mario druggie resigned drug you took the step after losing the support of parts of his coalition . we look at what this means for the country.