the order changing president of the global powered china is part of a whole system which believes his time has come. he relies on an authoritarian system of total surveillance on economic expansion without scruples had again and again he provokes and threatens with military aggression. the chinese president believes that his weight is for superior than that of western democracy. china's president, changing ping starts july 30th on d, w. per machete, and her expert, i, for the plants and herbs that grow wild in the local area. but however long she forage is among the dense grassland, the plant she's here for is nowhere to be found. anastasia is looking for steve,

yet a plant in growing demand due to its sweet tasting leaves at abilene high enough, i live, but a long time ago, steve, you go wild here, but not anymore on them. i've never seen it myself, but my mother told me where it used to grow. i feel like they're like, well with that. along with other medicinal herbs. stevie, i used to grow wild on the other side of this fence. the plant was native here. today this is past your land used for grazing livestock. the diversity of native flora has deteriorated, and others are profiting from indigenous inhabitants. ancient knowledge. ah anastasia melinta is a member of the i have vito,

an indigenous people in northeastern paraguay. she's from each have vazo, a small reservation, close to the brazilian border. the people here live from their own small holdings, or from jobs on large scale farms in the vicinity. the pi maintain a traditional way of life that is under acute threat. anastasia berlin to gathers and sells medicinal plants. her mother and grandmother taught her the properties and benefits of endemic herbs and roots the pie to eat. i have a wealth of knowledge about medicinal plants. it's the women who preserve this knowledge and pass it on to future generations. louise are se stops by for

a cup of mighty. he's the leader of the $500.00 strong reservation. centuries ago, the pi discovered a sweet taste of steel leaves and began using the plant both as a food additive and for rituals. but luis and anastasia drink their marty t unsweetened as wilds, dea is now virtually extinct in paraguay. the pi people and their traditional herb remedies are being squeezed out by the farming industry. their knowledge of stevie as sweetening properties was appropriated. erin year law group thought, ordered a ha will it was taken away from us to other countries without our consent though we do not give me one b. aha, we respect this dba and are the guardians of our plan. i already ordered, we want to preserve our ts dubia, and hope will be able to start farming again. lawyer in here got biological. oh

good, good. i you are. well, my lab there are around 15000 pi to v terra. and while they have little land or income to live off to day, global enterprises have capitalized on stevie us sweep benefits. it's a classic case of bio piracy. many brands of soft drink, candy and chocolate contain stevio, or to be more precise, the chemical compounds that give the plant it's sweet, tasty, stevio, glasgow sides with the recent stevio is so special is that it's leaf extracts are up to $300.00 times sweeter than table sugar and contains 0 calories with the increasing prevalence of diabetes, the growing debate over a sugar tax and the negative aspects of artificial sweeteners. stevio has become a global business for the food industry. world wide. the market for studio based sweeteners is worth around $500000000.00 that's predicted to almost double by 2028,

with an annual growth rate of almost 9 percent wealth that the pi to v to route are not party to others are making money from their traditional insights about this natural resource. the pi, however, or an urgent need, a financial means to protect their land and local biodiversity. the reservation is surrounded by an expanding array of cattle ranches, and soy and eucalyptus mont cultures. ah, and while the government supports the big commercial farms, the pi face intimidation and threats you got on dollars agree on the farm workers shoot at us, which is why we no longer have access to the resources that used to belong to. i was up with, where do i go?

but luis, our se, and his community are fighting back together with activists pi to v to wrap people in paraguay and brazil are trying to claim at least a small share of the stevie market. what they want is compensation, the restoration of their land and the preservation of stevie in the few places. it still grows wild. it's a trying and time consuming undertaking. not made easier by the individual communities living far apart from each other. but there's a crucial step on the horizon for the pie roll ordered all in paraguay, the stevie business seems to have lost relevance these days. the cultivation here is minimal. today's major producer nations, such as china and the u. s. have taken possession of the commodity with corporations caching in on it's beneficial properties. they simply grow stevie themselves leaving the indigenous communities empty handed. the government in

asencion has an at best half hearted commitment to the interests and concerns of the pi. agronomist miguel nevada finds that unacceptable. he's been campaigning in support of the demands of indigenous people for years. this is a stevie a plant. he's growing in his garden. you can actually just take a leave and eat it. this candy is delicious. miguel vera is all too familiar with how the story turns sour. it began when a swiss botanist introduced the plant to europe in the 19th century. although it wasn't until the 1970s that western researchers became interested in stevie as potential. they actually are relied on the traditional knowledge of the binder with the right people under water need living there to show one of

the plans where they took it basically with no consent awe of the paint that with that's the 1st thing. that's the 1st act of my a piracy, the fact that they didn't consulted with them constitute by piracy bio. piracy refers to the appropriation of genetic resources and knowledge about them without asking for consent or offering anything in return. it might rarely be in the headlines in the western world, but bio piracy is a wide spread phenomenon. the areas most typically targeted by bio pirates are those with a rich biodiversity located primarily in the southern hemisphere. many of them are in the amazon region. india. and the cape of south africa the genetic resources from such regions covered not just plants like stevio, but also animals and micro organisms,

all of which have enormous potential for the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic sectors. and it's precisely in these regions where biodiversity is frequently under threat and in particular need a protection. miguel rivera is on his way to the earth market in assumed xian. using traditional insights about medicinal plans, enables researchers and corporations to save a lot of time and money in their quest for now active and profitable ingredients. miguel rivera knows that the potential is far from exhausted. his native paraguay is a treasure trove. for big pharma, there is a lot of value still. they have many, many options in the paraguayan pharmaca pia, traditional for merck, appear to treat many ailments. absolutely. and many are being

already in use under exploitation as we speak. many of them are, have been, i've been good by international or translational corporations. historically speaking, there has generally been a free fall on natural resources to curtail that practice, the international community have introduced a range of conventions. the extensible aim of these conventions is to prevent bio piracy and protect species diversity from further damage. one of these agreements is the nagoya protocol coming into force in 2014. this requires countries and companies and seeking to make use of a genetic resource or associated knowledge to pay fair compensation. it's

a principle known as access and benefits sharing. it envisages users and providers of a particular resource, negotiating the form and amount of compensation instead of money. for example, users can provide compensation in the form of conservation projects. so with a legal framework in place, why does bio piracy continue to be so wide spread? the botanical gardens of the university of zurich, a favorite haunt of fall swan my and back he dedicated years of research to the issue of bio piracy while working for the n g o. public eye and says the international agreements are actually construed in a way that favors industrialized nations in. oh, okay, that's we're in europe. they say i'm only obliged to abide by the nagoya protocol. if i go to the country of origin after it came to 4,

in the extract through the resources there would done no. u. d thor, sir, dalton, household, the lender, the students in the put the on the countries in the south have a very different interpretation yankee nor you. they say no. the rules must apply to any new you see to penalties. and that's a massive difference with you with ox, your knee thought the says there i don't need to ask, are compensate anyway often or can use it as i like without hoping to conserve biodiversity avo mondays or even fought if you go by that rule done. there will only be a minimal amount of benefits sharing, meaning and a minimal amount of compensation. our life is not in sky. if we follow the rule, the south for there would be a genuine florida condensation. silicon one reason for that disparity is that to neglect protocol was drafted by only a handful of states in the northern hemisphere. and a raft of nations have yet to even become party to the agreement. but ultimately,

the sustainable benefits of biodiversity should be a concern for all of us. the sprint in the fall, mccoy take take pharmaceutical, isn't the medication, but also cosmetic sol and foodstuffs to pesticides. and even enzyme has been used by the modern chemical industry. pretty much everything wasn't day. our lives depend on biodiversity. i clicked on the beauty, rosie taxi plate. mm hm. a look around. western supermarkets reveals countless products that contain genetic resources originating in the southern hemisphere. in addition to studia, there's roy boss t, as well as chewing gum and gummy bears coded in car. now by wax from brazil. biology for diet. adversity plays a role in all of these products as, as access to these genetic resources, and therefore also financial redress life follow. few consumers know that roy boss

t is another case of bio piracy. roy boss originally comes from the cedar berg mountains of south africa. the relatively arid north west of the country is the sole natural source of the plant and is still the only place world wide where it is commercially grown. the principal harvest time is between january and april. after being harvested by hand, the bushes are then crushed and machines and spread out to dry. the subsequent fermentation gives the otherwise green plant, its trademark color and name. red bush. roy boss is now a major industry. south africa has around $300.00 large scale farms producing $20000.00 tons of the crop a year. south africa exports around $7000.00 tons of roy boss the year to over 60

countries. the biggest roy, both consumers are japan, germany and the netherlands, followed by britain and the united states. a global business put when it comes to those who 1st turn the dry looking bushes into a healthy cup of tea. the story is similar to the pie in paraguayan. the people who originally discovered the benefits of roy boss were bypassed. a valley past takes us to a small settlement outside the town of warburton in the heart of the cedar burg mountains. baron salamone is a small holder and the chairman of the warburton original roy boss cooperative bond and his fellow farmer, amelia cook. mon, are descendants of the coin and sun. the indigenous inhabitants, south africa,

they both grew up with wild royball in their local area, cut, crushed, and fermented by hand. traditional knowledge passed on to them by their parents and grandparents passed in. yes, the clinic. i saw a boy was this 1st and foremost good for mothers who have no milk. well, it's also good against eczema, for it's you, but you didn't be mindful, you grind it down to a fine powder yet and mix it with vaseline, isn't it? oh, those, but visit when we didn't have vasily, you will use to use animal fat maggie do. roy roast the. i mean folk for thing. you use merit on babies. bottoms to remove the rat out of the focus that new my su via she's proud of the original roy boss as it's grown here in the area around what britain. also voice. we an entire war last grows in

a natural environment. because lisa middle, there are no chemicals, a, just that nature. in the cindy we boast, plaza, you have a range of wonderful medicinal herbs growing around the roy boss, ivona look, which is also what makes it special, that there's value for school. thing to the policy is that a little bar and, and amelia se, industrial producers used the wilbur tal roy boss to give their commercial products a more intense color. it's an industry that flourished thanks to knowledge of native peoples, but their descendants didn't benefit from its lucrative development with . lauren and his fellow campaigner is decided to fight for compensation for the knowledge that has been appropriated from them. as with the pie to the tara in paraguay, the descendants of the coy san peoples have been largely rendered. landless.

unemployment is high, particularly among young people, colonial rule and the apartheid regime. strip the coin and son of their native lands. commercial farms remain largely in white hands, barren salamone and other small scale farmers market their original boy boss as a fair trade product via their cooperative, a vital source of income, but their acreage and market share are too small for them to survive. when international conglomerate nestle patented its own roy bos products in 2012 local small holders, sued for compensation in 2015. a report published by the south african environment ministry, acknowledged the course son's intellectual property rights. a decisive step forward . i put it. this is america. live happened because we will not the will

that because the, the neglect protocol and all the policies that, that you the of the power for us to negotiate. we were not aware of that in the industry at that time. they, they say no, there's no way that the coin, the son can be that the traditional knowledge, all this of this plant, unless they do with the evidence they will consider talking about the excellent benefit sharing. my recommendation is clear, don't fight verbally. put this on paper, that is a strong evidence that you do have the traditional knowledge of a certain plunked. and that perseverance paid off, borrowed solomon was present at the signing of an access and benefit agreement with the south african boy boss industry in 2019. with today, we are writing a historic wrong

a wrong that began almost 500 years ago. the agreement committed one and a half percent of the robust industry's annual market value, almost 700000 euros to a fund for the course on. but progress remained slow by the start at 2022. the indigenous peoples had yet to receive any money with payments held up by red tape and industry as so often being in a more powerful position. but baron remains optimistic about getting compensation soon, which would enable him in his community to win back last land and in the process, secure their livelihoods, and preserve their precious roy boss. talking about r o insistence. that is all the teachers. oh, how the plan behave. you accordingly, you just don't cut because it is, it is, i was time. see that you cut it in a sustainable way. if you don't do it in a sustainable way,

that means you don't think about generations to come access and benefits sharing was agreed to in south africa. could something similar be possible in paraguay with the stevie industry, be willing to come to an arrangement with the indigenous pie to v tara. and if not, what reservations do companies have? we approached a number of manufacturers and other beneficiaries of studia derived products. none agree to an interview with the international stevie a council. a global trade association responded by e mail me the i a c and its members at here to international and domestic rules and regulations. and as such, adhered to the nagoya protocol and the convention on biological diversity as applicable and swiss based

multinational nestle wrote access and benefits sharing and biodiversity is an important issue for us. we have also had constructive communications with the n g o public eye on, for example, the subject of stevio these kinds of statements lif was swa my and back unimpressed as 1st mamma. it was so wow, i'm always annoyed when companies we've tried to find solutions where there is a stress that they've been talking to and jose done and fulton ya via hobbin. yeah . well, that might be true if walk. the vital point is whether they're prepared to put that solution into practice. and jayden is up, see, because i think the loser won't, as it's in the eyes give log. the only thing that matters is if we do a follow up on the principle and pay compensation for even in cases where it might not be required by local, i get mass not synonymous, or do i just pay back nothing. lee, north,

when the weather or the tale ebony should select some firms are already taking action among them denita a supplier of natural cosmetics and medicinal products. this was headquartered multinational firm, also in ports natural resources from southern hemisphere, countries such as carnival wax from brazil, and ra tony route from peru for a net. if people read us, the principle of benefits sharing is an integral part of her company's philosophy. really does need him excess and benefit it welcomes access and benefit sharon, especially in these times of species extinction. quicken garcia den inside our company uses a wide range of plant based, raw materials, the name and so were dependent on the preservation and protection of biodiversity. these and thus beauty visited, i'd like olga should stay with the leader, performs its benefits, sharing as payments and support for projects on the ground more the exception than

the rule for her on the name misses quality. it's relatively costly for company, lynn. at 1st because of the different interpretations of the nagoya protocol from one country to the next, this high stuff. and so what applies in brazil is completely different to india on death and for a global enterprise. interpreting the situation correctly means getting legal advice in each country land so that we comply with the respective requirement by ins are not always legal so often. so for companies, the negotiations and the complicated legal situation caused time as well as financial and human resources. within the sneaked in the island and it's a question of owning up to responsibility. there's a given take like an a partnership this year, which is the principle of the nagoya protocol in size and all you pay compensation for taking knowledge implants from somewhere and generating innovations through research and development dot biskin elliot. that's in the,

it's are being made here without incorporating people in nature at the point of origin only. and that's not fair, even if the tie leaked on it just as an escalate. ah, a simplified system of compensation instead of protracted negotiations could be one solution for preventing bio piracy and making the process easier for companies. at the same time, for a while, my and back is confident, our collective awareness will change. it's been musical. that's matoney and pol yawn and positive. hello. that a few years from now with people will be talking about bio pirates like they do today about climate offenders that when you up with yet, we'll meet the over time in society will become less tolerant. company is making profit swan while giving nothing in return will be off, sags out on the more cases we have where we can show that the money flowing back benefits conservation or the traditional communities affected. and then the pressure will continue to grow up in mustang paraguay. november 2021

luis. our sir is hosting a special gathering of pi to v to raw communities are under his chairmanship. the various representatives have come together to finally speak with a unified voice by signing a joint statement listing their demands all are. it's a historic moment for the pilot bottle and an important document that louise and other campaigners had been working towards since 2016. with the document includes unequivocal proof of the i had alter us ownership of traditional knowledge of studia and colds on the international stevie industry to finally provide compensation for that intellectual property. the pies ultimate objective is to buy

land in order to secure their future. and that of their plants. the last stevie are still growing wild. there we are after debating the various arguments, the conference participants vote on the different formulations. several hours after the meeting began. it's close to sundown, as luis are safe, finally becomes the 1st to sign the protocol. the next step for the pie to veteran is to take the document with its demands to the stevie industry. luis, our se is tired, but content, tea hot bodeo, we've come to an agreement among ourselves so that hopefully they'll finally recognize our rights of now that we've signed this protocol. audio dolls, dba is not just any other wild plans. it belongs to our ancestors. and as part of

our culture out it, it go to all got it, all in all of the representatives resigned to prayer, to round off the extraordinary meeting. the road ahead is a long and rocky one, but the meeting provides a glimmer of hope for luis asa and his fellow activists and 4 other indigenous peoples who have fallen prey to bio piracy. ah, constantly passing persecution and discrimination, no john, cynthia, roma, community. the nazis murdered hundreds of 1000. 0,

the racism continued long in politics, society and in the media and a pacific to this day, post rule persecution, the place of west german, cynthia and roma. in 15 minutes on d. w. india, a toxic tied in dallas, yamuna river, made from detergent. indian cities have masses through which problems, which are still managed by hand in some places. that help is on the way well, but desist when the going gets tough, that they might not even be necessary. thanks to organic detergent, tico india 90 minutes on d w. ah, what secrets lie behind these walls? discover new adventures in 360 degrees and explore fascinating

world heritage sites. d w world heritage 360 getty out now ah ah, this is d w. news live from berlin, 1st concerns about european energy security. bra says it's cutting gas deliveries to germany through the nodes during one pipeline for maintenance reasons. germany rejects the cranium kremlin st. explanation.