750 tons of ammonium nitrate fertilizer exploded here on the 4th of august 2020 devastating swathes of the city. 200 people died and there was an estimated 13000000000 euros in damages, too much for crisis rock to lebanon. yet once upon a time, the country was booming, they route was a cosmopolitan and sophisticated city. but then in 1975 civil war broke out. political and religious groups battled for supremacy tearing the country apart. the war only ended in 1990 to day, much of the population lives in poverty. the infrastructure has largely collapsed, including waste collection. the local currency has lost 90 percent of its value. many struggle to afford the very basics, food, heating and gas. and it's really tough for the many refugees here too. but there are some projects offering hope

it looks like a game. and it really is child's play since every throw is the gold. the small brown balls that these women are throwing into the big car valley are so called seed bombs. the bulls contain plant thieves. an outer layer of clay protects them from birth and road, and when it rains, the bulls soak up water and then the plants grow all by themselves. the fertile plateau of the because valley used to be famous for its largest cedar forests, a cedar tree even ended up on the country's flag. however, growing settlements and uncontrolled deforestation have meant that there is hardly anything left of the original forests explains a coordinator from the aid organisation, salam l. a. d. c. to lot of had a glass of the law. we never used to think about the importance of tree about until

we might sit under a tree in the shade. i mean, but we never asked ourselves, what did it come from on it? a thought we planted it, i had a hand on the other day and it was only 3 this project and we realized how much effort it is to re green a country hall. i randall ensued off latour, debir reforest in lebanon, is just one. go off salam, the work here is also supposed to bring people together who otherwise have little to do with each other, says but to abraham, who fled from her syrian homeland to neighboring lebanon 10 years ago. a cave thought venza the women. her all work wonderfully together. and yet whether they come from syria, palestine or lebanon, about horn, we originally met through the project. but now we're all like sisters in the home button instead alone. we laugh together. we tell jokes, it makes the work easier, man and, and then the said, some of the women live in informal settlements. others have a solid roof over their heads, like but to abraham, from syria. nevertheless,

she says, live in lebanon is not easy for her. her husband is unemployed and her daughter regularly needs expensive medication. without the 8th us dollars she receives for each day's work, the family would have no income. his and nor her civil and my little project is more than just a job that brings and money her mother has had i had father, i wouldn't know that it lets me do something good for nature and the environment. he did b, r and b that bobby and the i now live in lebanon a, it's become my new home that of it and not, not who will what? and i want to serve this home harry about, and i the feed for beth of runaway penny, or even if it's only a small contribution, middlefield believe, ah, lebanon was once called the switzerland of the middle east because of its wealth. in the meantime, however, almost 80 percent of its nearly 7000000 inhabitants live in poverty. ah, the situation is particularly dire for them. more than 1500000 refugees,

most of whom come from syria. the high number has led to mounting social tensions in the country. ah, says annette, i'm ki has experienced it herself. she feeds her family of 5 with the money from the reforestation project. she's lebanese, but her husband is palestinian. their children are therefore considered foreigners via i'm pretty anabel admin and on there so much discrimination in our country here there. so hon. even my children phillips and laughable because of that, danny and father are not allowed to go to the local school. oh sure is she meeting? i look, i wish my children could grow up like any normal lebanese child on and instead they're excluded from many things. and my husband isn't allowed to take certain jobs and just because he's palestinian or nationality does not play any role in the trees for lebanon initiative. the only condition for participants is that they do

not have another means of income. because the project especially wants to help those most in need to day the women are making seed bombs for wild time and sisters. in addition to reforestation, the product also wants to plant crops that can later be harvested. after sifting the soil, the women add the clay that will later form the hard outed layer of the seed bowls . when both are mixed, the seeds go in and everything is then mixed with water and needed. it's a sociable process. the group then sits together and shapes the individual seat balls . ah,

when the balls are finished, they need to dry in the sun for at least a day. and then they're ready and new life can be created from them. in an i'm bazaar, i'm reinforcing lebanon. it's amazing objectively my children will thank me a little though benefit from it also to henry and even when none of us are here any more, i've done something good for the future of our world here. and i'm sure of year for to day the women have finished their work. the project's aim is to release a total of $600000.00 seed films. by the time the reforestation project ends in august next year, it would go a long way towards bringing back the country's famous trees. drinking washing, cooking industrial production, farming. without water,

we humans are lost yet, according to the un, as many as 2300000000 people live in areas docked by water shortages. that's around 30 percent of the global population. by mid century, our planet could well have a population of 10000000000, with an accompanying rise in the demand for water. but water supplies are already dwindling. many natural reservoirs are already over used or have been contaminated with sewage. where on the brink of a global water crisis, could our oceans offer a solution? kate down was the 1st major city to risk running out of water, but it's not going to be the last jakarta, london, beijing. tokyo could all face their own day 0 in the coming decades. most of the water, at least food for monkeys, are experiencing some will to stress or we'll discuss street the gap between in

mind and supply your water is narrowing down. but how can that be? our blue planet is a wash with water. more than 1000000000 trillion leaders to be precise. the problem is that 97 percent of the earth's water is salty and most of the fresh water is frozen in ice caps. the less than one percent of the earth's water is drinkable that makes one solution, especially promising salad nation. we sell a nation. these hallucination, the felon nation, seems like a pretty straightforward solution. you take that undrinkable, salt water, remove the salt, and end up with an unlimited supply of fresh water. so why are we not building more desalination plants? me? thermal desalination uses heat. sauce boiling point is a lot higher than waters. so if you boil salt water,

only fresh water will evaporate, leaving all the salt behind membrane desalination uses pressure, salt water here, colored and red for clarity is pressed through a membrane that is only partially permeable, fresh water can pass through here, colored and blue, but the salt is trapped on the other side. the technology didn't improve much until the 19th century when industrialization and population growth encouraged more research. population growth is the main driver for our increase in water scapes. and soon another factor could make desalination even more crucial. global warming. as the climate warms, more water will evaporate,

and as aristotle noticed more vapor equals, more clouds equals more rain. but that rain won't call evenly. this map shows how precipitation will change as the climate heat up. regions in purple will get more rain, those in orange less now compare it with this other map. these red dots indicate areas that are already experiencing water scarcity today. dry areas like hal fornia and the middle east will have even less rainfall. other countries like india, will have more rain in the monsoon season, but less in the dry season when people need it most. this will make desalination even more popular. mm. boiling billions of leaders of water takes a lot of energy released deer visibility of oil, and especially fossil fuse makes the thermal process is cheaper. but for other

types it could be, i think, 25 or 30 times more expensive. but that energy doesn't have to come from fossil fuels. ah, start up in berlin has a sustainable alternative. the water comes from the bowl, sorry for the system. and after that is gone through the booster bomb with 14 by the water is right through the membrane. and he is in, it is water with green energy. that's the key to the company success. this is one of their plants can kenya the solar panels, keep the cost of water low in villages like this, where electricity is not available. i

get the water for free, we get the electricity from the solar and wind for free. so we can now produce $1000.00 rita for $0.50. this price is actually comparative to clean water from the river or from the ball. but there's another problem. what do you do with this water that's left behind? so we thought of this, so look out of the water to produce fresh water. but now the salt is still contained within no substance, but it's just a smaller volume. so it's most ot ah, this water is called brine, available at what we produce more brine than we produce nice adding it to what you fill your pipe with this coming out of the discipline. you're discharging how the sideline moves in. and as it flows out, it will sink because it's mo dense salenti and the temperature can also

deplete the oxygen available. and this is what's causing actually the organisms more damage, just the lack of oxygen that basically suffocates. brian can also contain chemicals harmful to see life. but what if this waste could become a resource? tomatoes, seaweed, and certain fish can tolerate high salinity. morial light uses brian to cultivate them in tubs like this. at the moment here, the technologies auto ella. both are far brine management, but those are on a very small scale. the challenge is that all we can transform those that small scale technologies into a large scale operation. desalination is not a magic formula. the process must become more efficient before low income countries can afford it. these our nation plans must convert from fossil fuels to

renewable energy, to limit emissions. and the whole industry needs to come up with a plan to deal with this bry. what facilities like this are already a lifeline for many communities. movie today, cape town is doing a lot better and the dam is full. and the city was rushing to build desalination plants to avoid daisy row. but the solution wasn't desalination or any other technology. people became water wise, they radically changed their water use and they valued water for the essential an irreplaceable substance that it is and will stay with the topic of water shortages. climate change is causing drought in many countries like tanzania, but in the region of russia are reported to carry yuki witnessed something extraordinary. here and anger. rocca,

a village in northern tanzania. hardly anyone has a tv. that's why linda mill limbo brings a small mobile cinema with her mother. she was here a few months ago on behalf of the lead foundation, anthony in conservation organization. i'm on another group. i do, are you what? let me grab a spell. i want to show a film about see how here today i'm buy cuz he hi means living tree stump loyalty, me exit. we will start with announcements in the village and later on the evening we will show the found blah, blah. im not you on it. not blasting them execute but where is every one? it's still early afternoon and the villagers are in the fields. digging in the bone dry earth holes in the earth as far as the i can see. it seems

like all $7000.00 residents are out and about what's going on, digging here because of another movie presented by linda ma limbo and the lead foundation. it was called just dig it. john mooney remembers it well as he digs her trench and fills it with grass sieve. little camber, or mazin get the film taught me that you can do something about the dryness and drought of recent years. well, i do a lot while we can till the land is in creat water basins via my gonna, which we fill with seeds to help the fields recover my dinner while my letter was it. in recent years, fields here have continued to fall victim to desert vacation. the persistent drought is a consequence of climate change. what can anyone really fight back about when it's 5 pm and linda ma limbo college that makes an announcement that the film screening

is taking place that evening. and i don't remember what we're gonna have on, you know, it's a welcome change for the villagers. they only get to see a film every few months. the children are excited to see what's coming. one 0, one. yes, now the final touches linda ma limbo has been doing this for 3 years. 3 years in em. enough, when the film explains how to protect your land from drought, africa, people have cut down their trees many times in recent years, land became barren and the harvest cells got worse. sighted off. now we want to show people how to reclaim that moisture so that their yields increasing and they have enough pasture to feed their families even while i shall. hm. it's fine. the show time. it starts with j monte,

a very popular comedian in tanzania. why he's riding a bicycle through the fields is a mystery. what's more important is what he hears. c o. 2 up. why? well, why we're talking about any new yo mama, i'm not kidding you. when i got, i made it legal, go to talk. i got my i see from bonnie, up ne,

in italy mans and humans, a re not owned on known him to connecticut. i'm not a back up. i mean we can any, i'm back in one and yet i every one in anger. we'll go once rain and the film as well received people here become familiar with drought over the past few years. what it means to be thirsty all day long. the film showed the villagers that small shrubs or tree stumps can grow into large trees. if given a chance, 1st viable plants are selected. next there prove to that only the strongest shoots remain than the trees must be marked for every one to see. and importantly, the plants must be protected from hungry cattle. according to the campaign,

this method has managed to save over 9000000 trees in tanzania, a re greening measure of this magnitude has an impact on the local weather and can also bring rain this means the country will cool down and crop yields will improve at least in theory, in anger rocha, it's still a dream though the last few months have seen 30 percent less precipitation than in previous years. which is one reason why they're digging the rain basins. according to the campaign that we're now over $200000.00 such basins in tanzania and kenya. and all this just because people saw a movie. in reality, people here earned one year of 50 per basin. diligent workers like dina, hosea can manage 5 a day. we can in and for whenever we make money digging now that i've had to buy data, my then you grow up later when the grass is grown,

folk. 70 will benefit both our cattle and us because we save ourselves the trouble of carrying food to the cattle. there were my dinning room with us. i was able to let ruin my then we'll go with if we employ these practices, they won't help us take care of our livestock. frank knew not to say dear bad in fool. rainwater normally evaporates on the dry soil, but now it can collect the basins rescued the water more time to seep into the soil . and this allows vegetation to grow, not only inside the basins, but also all around them. this re grinning program is in full swing and gaining in popularity. strategies like this one have an impact on the global climate and could even help to slow down global warming. and the people of anger walker are doing their part. how do people around the world live for this weeks

global living rooms? we go to armenia. ah i hello. come on im ethic. assume the last these are my son's was the last the mom and my mother had taken as little dig harney, my name is annie man. okay, i'm any rocky armenian was joseph in 2004. we fled from iraq to armenia because of the war. a gun i asked them ah, i don't you find this dull was the 1st thing i grabbed? whatever the my father said, it was too big to take with us, but i said i wouldn't go without it and mink. i asked, i don't the door when i was to, we got on a trip in armenia to stay with that. i am 46 now, said the dolls fuzzy fold that acre of them. ah.

how many others get these caps out and make some t ch. are you familiar home? i'm gonna make that. why was that? we always during t from these accounts. i isde con, it's they typical tea cups in iraq ever after? then we use them with sources like these j by juggling the domain to re, uh, once the waters boiling, we put in the t let it was emma turn off the heat, let it sit for a couple of minutes and then pour it into the cups. will ganja think me good over there? the leslie chain, because it has to be sweet, said humble vigour. and i do then it's her effect. pity isn't he has to think che you have to serve di and very beautiful covers as never the more you respect your guess, the more expensive the cup has gone thunder north palm video than as

well. i see it. this is our son's title. he got it for his birthday. we call it cuts that out of it. that it, that the nora galena godzilla vienna said look, if you press on this vase appeasing ganette. oh ah, ah, body on measures. we've had this fish tank much longer than the turtle. and you miss done so good luck with a new fish coming over her meds, get her gabby northville jamara as their mark grow up, lay now ever to run after they are letting in front of the fish tank when you're angry. has a calming effect itself. no matter the hard, i take care to knock battle that. so for monster global 3000 this week, right to us at global 3000 at d,

w dot com and to find us on face. but to d, w global ideas. see you next time. take care ah, with joy riding through fascinating worlds, into uncharted deb, our guides know their way around a strictly scientific trip to some pretty wacky

places. curiosity is required to borrow today. next on d, w ah, a right now climate change very cost the story. this is much less the way from just one week. how much was going to really get we still have time to go. i'm going on with his subscriber all morning. a, let's be honest. summer break just doesn't really mean

much does it? without the bundis league. as well, don't worry. it will start up again soon. as legal football, action goals, all in on kick off starts august 9th here on d w. finally, why do a professor and his students keep going to a forest to inspect dead pigs? what are the repercussions of our hunger for energy plus researchers, shedding light on a stone age who done it.