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all over the world, this used to be the symbol for the cold war and the separation of germany and east and west of broken wall construction on and started on august. 13th of 1961. that's exactly 60 years ago. that's why this time i'm in berlin. even though the wall has now been consigned to history, there are still remnants of its scattered around town. today i'll show you where to find them and the stories they tell. ah, we zip around the city and style on and eat scooter. i will also take a virtual journey through time and discover a tunnel dug to help people escape east germany. ah, we, for 28 years,

the wall divided berlin. it kept families and friends apart and brought great suffering upon the people. there was heavy surveillance and many escape attempts from east to west and a tragically with there were 8 border crossings between east and west berlin. one of them was this one visit book on november 9th of 1989. the day the wall came down. this quarter crossing at bonham. estrada was the 1st to open and the news spread like wild fire in just one hour. 20000 people crossed from east berlin to the west. legally that is to this day. this is one of the greatest moments in darwin. history. with this commemorative, stone was built out of an original piece of the wall. and the wall trail has

thoroughly transformed the area to day. this is a paradise for cyclists. 3rd nature lovers, but until 1989. this was the death to strip a no man's land between east and west for life. the wall was 155 kilometers long and enclosed west berlin. so i've got a lot to cover, but i won't be doing it on foot. you can find these kinds of scooters on every corner. nowadays. you just need an app. and off we go ah, ah, my 1st stop is brandenburg gate. it's definitely berlin's most famous monument and a well for freedom. during the cold war,

it was right behind the border in the soviet sector of the city parties. applets is to day a popular spot for tourists from around the world, but back in the day it was off limits to the public. it's difficult to imagine, but up until 32 years ago, there were surveillance towers and tank traps. here. with an app called mal a r, you can see exactly where the wall used to run from just one day later, the 1st wall was built a company as a 2 decades of division. like ah, we're moving on to pop

up a lively transportation. help with skyscrapers, hotels, office buildings, and restaurants when germany was divided, this was actually the broadest stretch of the death strip. almost all buildings and the militarized zone were torn down. and here too, you can find remnants of the wall and this is, are you. we, the most famous remaining part of the berlin wall, the east side gallery, and the longest 1.3 kilometers, run along the reverse plate. after the walking down 118 artists from 21 countries painted the eastern side of the wall, the most famous works are the top buns grasping through the wall and the fraternal kits between leona blacksmith and ada konica. not far from here, the oba bound bridge across is displayed back in the day. it was the only way to

get from crowds. burke in the west, the phoenix sign in the east. but let's back up here for a 2nd and go back to the beginning. why was the berlin wall built in the 1st place that's getting caught up? ah, in europe, the 2nd world war ended with the defeat of nazi germany in 1945 at the sicilian hope country house on august 1st 1945. the allied powers signed the potsdam agreement. in it, they split germany into for occupation zones. yet soon, differences emerged between the allies. the british, french, and american zones became democratic. while the soviet zone turned into a separate state, east germany the german capital berlin was

also divided into sectors and lay like an island in the middle of east german territory. but as to many of its citizens were plain to west berlin, east germany decided to strengthen its borders. on august, 13th, 1961. construction of the berlin wall began. it was designed to keep east germans from leaving their country. yet it was the west berliners who found themselves walled in on all sides. but the allies demonstrated their solidarity, including then u. s. president, john f. kennedy and the world of freedom. the broadest bones do. hon is the system and the wall of the wall on november 9th, 1989. ah,

next stop checkpoint charlie, the most famous border crossing here. i mean, suzanna mueller of the berlin wall memorial and kind of anybody this page, or you can see how huge this border crossing was. it stretched over 2 locks and had various chickens station asked. yet the allies guard house always retained its provisional form, light, frame construction made from lloyd, or later a metal container. lots of symbolism and lots of irony. the only thing remaining here to day is a replica of this provisional allied control, both the g d r's, massive border complex is long gone. had lined lin checkpoint charlie, so famous wine has everybody who comes to berlin heard of it. they love written com, the fake one chinese. i certainly became famous due to an event that took place here 60 years ago in october 1961 american and silvia tearing spiced off year

during the hottest phase of the cold. or those images went around the world, give and made this place famous, and that fame has lasted to this day, using it. the other are a lot of tourists around. it's a huge attraction. it's named in every berlin guide, but their article voices to alleging that it has become a sort of disneyland that it had little to do with the history of the place in how do you feel about that? caddy just or the snack bars and so linear shops we see here are the downside of the big draw. this place has on tourists. luckily, there are also attractions dealing with its history for an open air gallery on a construction fence on, on the black box, cold war exhibition of, of, and i though they were all designed as temporary attractions until there was something permanent. but this temporary state has lasted 10 years, so something really must happen here. now,

buffy. and then are there any plans. a that you believe are aiming in the right direction to go to the store. and in fact, once i involvement plan has been approvals, funds this plan stipulate isn't they should bill to open. i bases, i feel, and that one can be used to construct a museum. there are plenty of museums immersive experiences and the exhibitions on the wall to be discovered around for a little here are a couple of ideas. so get your note pads out and start planning your next trip to the city of alma, despite co, a mini submarine with a bicycle poet engine, and a homemade hotel. the the ingenious devices, people used to escape east germany, a ronald display of the wool museum, but checkpoint charlie just

a stone's throw away is the assisi panorama. a bull here, people can get a glimpse into what life was like in the shadow of the death strip. in his 900 square meter, 360 degree panorama. altogether ga cc, depicts what the divided berlin looked like on a gray november day. in the 1980s, what i've experienced most everything you see here, i didn't need to research and it was all in my head. amidst the rundown gray building facades, there are many details just waiting to be discovered which have not the guys out. they'll have goosebumps, this is what i've just seen. defies imagination. i mean, i've seen the images on t v. i hear you're at the heart of it. you're in it. but i must say it's fascinating fantasy and the palace of tears was the name given to the form of border crossing it burdens frederick straw station here. east germans said good bye

to loved ones who were returning to the west or leaving the g. d. o. good, the tears the shed gave the place its name. personal stories are in the heart of the exhibition shown here. meanwhile, the german spy museum in berlin. let's visit a slip into the shadowy world of the secret services from both east and west. to elicit inquiry, let's come to berlin due to its history, and especially during the cold war, espionage played a major role in this by capital. all, along with the methods employed by secret agents during the cold war, museum visitors also learn about the past, present future of intelligence. even touching on cyprus by with the allied museum focuses on the western powers who have present in berlin for

close to 50 years. highlights include a british transport aircraft used in the berlin airlift and the restored berlin spy tunnel. ah, there are tons of opportunities to find out more about the wall. i decided to check out the virtual journey in time. the art technology will take me back to 19 eighties for lead. time right is structured in 4 parts. first, you get a quick introduction in the lobby. then you get to peek through the wall and get a glimpse of life on both sides. next to each other, but worlds apart. life in east berlin, the east german capitol. it's the calling card for german socialism. life in west berlin, an island within east germany, enclosed by

a wall or the next room. these huge passports dive deeper into the different experiences people had at the time. yeah, that's my sound from west berlin. you can choose between 3 characters. one of them will let you see the following tour through their eyes. mid me mood, you like to time trouble with the i'll take the rebellious west berliner michelle in the other room. so i put on a v. r. had said and traveled back into the past. she not be on the virtual bugs. it takes us across checkpoint. charlie into east berlin. we drive along please plaza and, and our journey at the seat of the east german parliament. the building was

demolished in 263-5000 tons of the structural steel were recycled in the construction of do buys burge khalifa. this really goes to show that the berlin wall was so much more than just a wall. it was a fortress dividing 2 realities that cut through the heart of the city like a knife, and that is still very apparent at the berlin wall memorial ad banner was trust located in the heart of the capital, the berlin wall memorial is the main place of remembrance of germany's former division the construction of the wall devastated the lives of many and left its mark on there. now i strasser traces of which are still visible to day. here you can see the last remaining section of the border installations in it,

spatial depth, complete with a wall watch tower, and death strip and open air exhibition informs people about the history of a divided germany using ban. i watched asa as an example, the memorial site includes the chapel of reconciliation. it was built on the foundations of the church of reconciliation, which was blown up by east german authorities in 1985 at the wall memorials documentation center visitors can learn about the political and historical events that led to the building of the wall. it's eventual fall and german reunification learn from the viewing platform. he can also get a good overview of this site itself.

ban now as joseph saw plenty of escape attempts, the group belinda on tibetan or berlin underworld organizes thematic tours. the ban allister also and both side will to were entirely in the french sector under but the border run along the edge of the building. what is the property line? on the wall went up on august 13 on the east german police came and locked the door in doors from the inside unless a residence could only enter their properties through the properties behind them. the wooden thing regional coils west berlin was so close in, but suddenly unreachable, the resulting desperation, but many to jump out of their windows. the escape of 77 year old fleet i should say, was especially dramatic dogs in your mule was darzy broke down her door when, when she wanted to jump out. i tried to pull her back into

a flat about that these 2 students down below, valiantly jumped up, grabbed her legs and pulled 2. she fell into the life net of the burning fire department. through the basement of an old brewery, we reached the reconstruction of a very elaborate escape tunnel. they had fresh air supply electricity cables and phone lines. this little card allowed the tunnel builders to bring out the debris. with the help of the escape facilitators from back in the day, the people here also tried building a tunnel themselves of around 70 projects. only 19 were successful. this is really impressive. and just imagining that you had people crossing with all their belongings and a child or their children is really incredible. so most tunnels led from west to east and ran as deep as possible. so the communist

intelligence wouldn't be able to detect them with their acoustic tracking devices. what did people do with a degree? it must have been hard to hide his life. a 2nd, the of the earth had to be stored in the cellar where they did the digging on, but were a 1st lot seller, it wasn't hello, we're in the end. just narrow pathways. molig they dumped the earth behind wooden walls which reached the ceiling. it was a real captain, mouse game between which darcy border gotten the escape held us. sometimes one side, one, sometimes the other. but not all the tunnels here are replicas along the lines of thoughts. the original escaped tunnel. huh. if you were cod trying to flee the d d r, there were 2 possible scenarios. and a you were shot by border patrol or b,

you were incarcerated until 1989. some 11000 people were remanded to berlin's notorious horn. sure. and how's in prison? ah berlin owen shone. how's him to day the form of prisons is a memorial soon as he says in 2 but 47 years ago. edition hats south time here as a political prisoner to me. this name as i was here for almost half a year and i was as a year then 2 and a half years at horner. enjoy back in the or mountains and in what was back then. he's germany's worst women's prison in 1974 shone. hands was an east german t. v star. we did the show will examine how the working class is adapting to its

growing leadership role based on 2 stories. but the face of east german tv didn't believe in the communist parties. ideas while on holiday in budapest edition, had visited the west. german embassy made inquiries about emigrating and was arrested when it might as well run were $11.12 for 5 months. i didn't know what had happened to them and the stars he wasn't obliged to tell me, housed at a former prison can operated by the soviet secret police, horn shown housman was the shars, his main pre trial detention center, from 1951 to 1999 after the war went up, most of those held here were people who try to lead east germany like edition house to day. she leads tall groups through the memorial. she shows them the unassuming delivery van in which she, too, was brought here disguised as

a bakery van. it's interior contained 5 prison sounds. while in the 19 sixty's physical torture was no longer employed, the stars he had other ways of tormenting its victims, including isolation and degradation. auntie and her, here's number 104 law. that was my cell. while you were sitting there brooding, contemplating, or crying, the flap would fly open and some one would scream into it. this isn't a sanatorium sit down on the stool, but don't lean just a taste. a day has 24 hours and i was allowed to spend from 10 at night till 6 in the morning lying in bed. the rest of the time might sit on the stool or pace back and forth when i wasn't being interrogated. edition hertz was sentenced to 3 years in jail. and after that, it took another 2 years before she was allowed to leave these germany,

the stars he left an indelible mark on her life. but she refused to become their victim. isn't it? i have no anger or hayden me, because then they'd have achieved what they wanted to destroy my life live and such dirt. so i never let that happen. later in the western edition has resumed, her career hosting shows on bavarian tv. the wall has not only scarred berliners and has of course also left its marks in the city scape, often only a line of 2 cobblestone serves as a reminder of the border that used to divide the city. but at mala park the true extent of the death strip becomes apparent. here i'm meaning chris charlesworth. back of the eighty's, she lived in west berlin. she moved back to her native u. k. and returned to berlin in 2013. now she's part of the friends of mallet pock association. what makes this place mal impact so specialty?

in other words, the transformation that's happened here it's, i just think it's incredible. a, you know, this, that germans called it the death stretch. it was the space between the 2 rolls between those 2 walls was everything about death. it was an old attack, dogs and armed guards patrolling. and it was about keeping people apart. it was, it was just awful. the 1st time i came into this price, i just, i couldn't believe it, or i didn't actually realize it had been landscaped into a park. i was just amazed, so i instantly started to research about, is there anybody who takes care of the place for this? the place and i found offensive mo, pump. what do the friends of mouth park do? we try and look after noticed trees for me. we looked up the trees as well to some extent on the playground season. but we also turn preferred but spirit of the place,

and that excites me so much to fight it's this place is now ever saying that it wasn't before and, and so the brain about separating people, keeping them apart about death. it's about bringing people together. it's about life and i just looked up. and as you can see, that feeling is shared by many others. for 28 years, the wall divided the city in berlin, germany and the entire world. this period of time will never be forgotten and it shouldn't be because remembering it's crucial to keep the past from repeating itself. so if you ever happen to find yourself in berlin, make sure to take some time to explore the history of the wall and then a little deeper into berlin's fascinating history. we only just started scratching the surface the next time somewhere in germany. ah

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