concepts for recycling and reusing are lacking to indian start up and their ideas for used energy storage equal on d w. we've got some hot tips for your bucket list. romantic corner hotspot for food chair and some great cultural memorials to boot w travel off. we go ah, with they've been powering out on the go lives for decades and healed of the key to frame the world from fossil fuels, lithium,

ion battery of central to the green energy revolution. but they aren't without drawbacks to the only going yeah, we explore ways to make the most of their shelf life. hello welcome. i'm some of that. i'm now lithium, ion battery is power. everything from tools and toys to electric vehicles and energy storage systems. when they move full life comes to an end. they can pause a hazard to our health or environment if not properly managed. urine india, one company is working to ensure that these batteries don't end up as pollutants. ah ah, j gama buzz expertly gets down to dismantling another electric battery. he has been working in this recycling plant for the past 18 months. the former day laborer is proud of his job and they will be plenty to keep him busy for years to come. ah

l m l hooker that people use commute using gasoline vehicles, hot volume it smoke and because lots of pollution that causes health issues, electric vehicles don't cause any kind of pollution or emissions for a growing number of people in india are now switching to electric vehicles experts estimate that this your sales will almost triple the previous years demand, instead of gasoline or diesel electric vehicles, run on batteries, which at the moment are mainly lithium ion based. it's an environmental conundrum because they usually only have a lifespan of 5 to 7 years. motion may monte, from the center for science and environment in new delhi explains the problem. the bro, news about $50000.00 tons of detail. my invest in the country. very little altered, actually get 3 cycle. it's only now with even coming into the picture and the government setting up these recycling rules,

like the waste management rules. this is just the beginning. the most serious issue is that the toxic substances in the discarded batteries can lead into the ground water via landfill sites. same time, the lithium ion batteries are full of valuable ro, materials that india has historically had to import from all over the world. that's created a completely new industrial for about 3 years now, the total company has been recycling lithium, ion batteries, bringing their competent part back into their own material cycle. goes into the shredder, shattered properly. then the back my. what we do is the black powder inside the battery is color black. not you separate that from the casing of the battery. and then the black must refining process is a further about where using different high energy through what you need to extract

michael. like or bite with his sheet. magnesium, copper, lithium cabinet, and other compounds are also recalled from the old batteries. these raw materials can then be used in the production of new batteries, a solution that saves money and makes more environmental sense than extracting more minerals from mines around the world. that people often walk under atrocious conditions. all over the 2nd part of the mining because we extract the fame metal said come from the mine, but we actually don't physically to god they're taking vist. that is generated by consumers and industrial around the world that are numerous companies like taro. recycling lithium ion batteries. however, the volume of batteries currently being recycled is still very small, especially given the amount of least expected in the future. battery recycling, it's something that the entire world is still trying to figure out better. student

needs to be a lot more. i think investment into thought in be that is one important thing. and the other thing also is that if they don't have enough for new, know, we need huge, large volumes to be able to fix. and even globally, i think we're still in the event in the beginning stages. from 2035 india plants to limit sales of new vehicles, da, 0 emissions models. only. experts believe that by the end of the cut and decade, more than half of all new vacancy with already me or electric batteries. cycling is an important factor in achieving the complete switch to e mobility in india. and if possible, under conditions that are both financially and environmentally sound electric vehicles, sales in india have almost tripled. echoing a global search. that's good news for efforts for thought emissions, but also means the prospect of a multi 1000000 ton heap of discarded batteries. a bank lobby start up has

developed an energy storage system that runs on 2nd life, lithium ion battery and is making a world of a difference to people in places where power is unreliable. ah, when the sun goes down and looked up a dish street life usually fades away together with the days dying light. but these 2nd life batteries allow long stretches of road to be lit up after dark. ah, one of these batteries is also in service in fido bungalow. d, no vision enables street vendors to peddle their snacks late into the night. by noon for her light is the greatest, jennifer gone libya for i can do my work so much better now. thanks to the light

for a 2 hour drive of the intentionally one of the batteries is delivering energy to electric sewing machines. this makes it possible for seem stresses at the vehicle to livelihood center one more as they are feed obesity. but article of clothing they produce and not having to manually operate the machines means less of a physical burden. ah, let go and that the microphone might always get pain and my legs at work. and i know i couldn't work for long periods, and i had to constantly stretch my legs a month, but these electric machines and i don't have that problem, i can work for as long as i want to kill sent. and then i, then we used to come to work at 9 am. now we can come an hour later. i've been back then we had managed to say 2 or 3 dresses a day. with the electric machines, we can do a lot more and we work as long as we want to manage to get everything done. pradeep saturday and the ocean veto, berkshire founded newness in bengal. dead the will was to harness the last remaining energy from used batteries. and that meant experimenting in what was

still a relatively unexplored field. oh, usually there used between a 100 to 8275 percent. that's where in the 1st life people are usually using it. and between that 75 percent and 50 percent threshold, there is still in most cases, some usable energy which you can still use. but in, in the 1st life application, it doesn't get used, which is not very efficient, right? i mean, is like you have one little water water you drink, half of the time you draw half lead away. the 2 men started out in 2017 with used laptop batteries. first, the batteries taken a, but each individual cell is tested for is the energy content. the functioning ones are assembled into a small, portable battery which has rented out the st lenders, for example, for it on 2 euro's a week. the 2nd big project after the laptop batteries are used batteries from

electric cars, div gum from a german camico and a converted into buffalo 2nd life batteries lasting for 5 to 10 years. the laptop batteries, which are also charged with solar energy. last only about toys. no, no monitors them buy a chip and an app. each battery is internet connected. as these batteries are internet connected, we get a notification at that end of life and pick up these batteries for recycling. while we also provide a new one as a replacement at the end of the 2nd life, the batteries end up in this recycling plant run by some good india, a 100 kilometers not have been glue. the batteries are broken down into their various components, the metallic wrist, mostly aluminum, is sold to metal dealers. the so called black pulp containing the particularly valuable substances is sent to some deals mean factory in south korea for further processing. we go over all the available meadows, lego bird nichol,

lithium manganese proper again, we send it. so our contract fair leg samsung to manufactured near better recycling centers like this. a still pretty thin on the ground in india. but the number of electric us is growing with electric mobility taking center feed in india, bringing the thought efficiency into back to become a major factor into our sustainable practices in mobility sector here at the end didn't due to science in bengal. now go funny to could he desa range of medea's, with the aim of increasing battery capacity. he's the head of the institute steam for advanced energy storage research. i see the publishing as parking portion of this ecosystem of electric vehicles and electrification gender. re purposing

batteries really cost me maybe about 10 percent of the cost of recycling a back to the energy cost, the cost and the environment in terms of chemicals are to be used for recycling and, and the costs and the environment in terms of ways that comes out of recycling batteries, the big advantage of 2nd life batteries is that the environmental friendlier than new ones. and they are also much cheaper. so more people can afford them. if i can cut down the cost of shooting at the city to a common man, it probably will bring every single person in the country to have the same level of basic amenities that otherwise don't exist in some of the remote areas and, and bringing that the clarity is, is in itself a big social reform. i think the seem stresses and generally live in small villages nearby. in many cases they can no longer feed themselves and their families from

agriculture alone. they now have a regular income at the ceiling workshop. ah, the batteries mean that their work here can be done at any time of day, which also makes it easier to reconcile work and family life. but one battery is not really enough. the women are hoping for more in building for their homes. we need that a battery with their battery like this. it would also be possible for my children to do their school homework and we could use it to power household devices like washing machines. that would help us immensely. we can get the mail on lecture me has far more ambitious plans in the future. she'd like to open a small business, but forcing machines at home then

she could take care of her children. while she earns a living now batteries of forward the rise of renewable energy because we can store it even when the sun is shining or the wind is blowing. but given the limitations of lithium ion batteries, massages on federal toner juice, our reporter had to look around. before we get into the shiny new stuff, we gotta talk about the lithium ion battery. it's the fastest growing battery segment in the world. scientist started developing the lithium ion battery during the oil crisis of the 1970s. they hope this could win the west of fossil fuels, but nothing has changed. and it took a while until you could actually buy one engineers, stanley whittingham, a korea yoshi now and john, be good enough help develop the 1st commercially available lithium ion battery that came to market in 1991. that's them winning the nobel prize for that. you work with nice people and they do all the hard work or news of burger drives,

like as much grover's. you go up up, up, up, up. the lithium ion battery is good at giving a lot of electricity and shorter burst. so it's used for consumer electronics and now electric cars. and it's also pretty much the only battery we use for storing, grid scale, renewable energy. but mining lithium is problematic. it involves pumping underground water deposits to the surface. this use is roughly 70000 leaders to make one ton of lithium. more than half the earth's resources are between argentina, bolivia and she late mining it consumes 65 percent of the regions already scarce. water supply, lithium ion battery is also typically used cobalt, which is expensive and mine mostly in the democratic republic of congo. news reports have covered the notoriously exploitive business, which uses child miners and devastates local communities. lithium batteries can also be flammable. if you can't bring them on a plane, you should definitely think twice about

a giant one backing up your grid and they lose capacity. so longevity isn't really there forte. so lithium, ion battery work, but they can't be the only solution to store energy, especially on a grid scale. according to the i e, a, we're going to need close to 10000 gigawatt hours of energy storage worldwide by 2040 to meet climate goals. that's 50 times the size of the current market today. it's actually another technology pumped hydro storage that comprises a whopping 96 per cent of global storage power capacity. and it basically relies on pretty simple gravitational principles. this is ramona swami not. and she's the head of a thermal storage company which we'll get to later. but she has no problem with water. you've got 2 rows of worse or leaks one high and one low. and when you have a lot of excess power, you use that exist power to pump the water of pills in a higher reservoir. when you want that power back, you let the water run downstream and turn a turbine generator. however,

those products are hard to build the teacup, massive amounts of space and need exactly the right geography, 2 lakes, and a hill. a lot of them also work within conventional hydro, electric dams, which need lots of upfront capital and disrupt habitat. storing renewable energy will need more flexibility than these reservoirs. one, promising alternative that's making headway comes from something you can find right on your kitchen. table salt. much more. rhonda needs chemically senior grease young. same will be look again. they will. this is rosa palace seen. she's a battery researcher at the institute of material science and barcelona. she says, sodium is the best alternative because it basically mimics lithium ion battery technology. it has also got one valence electron, the number of electrons in the outermost layer. but sodium is a 1000 times more abundant as 20 to 40 percent cheaper, and is it sensitive to temperature changes?

so no issues with blowing up, but it does have lower energy density, thus heavier batteries, which is why it hasn't commercialized sooner. if it's for the grid, though, this won't matter so much since everything is stationary and for right now, time is of the essence away, higher in a seattle. oh, so much closer look here. while they're already in the market, analysts expect them to be produced and sale in the next few years. speaking of salt, what if we could store energy in the form of heat and really hot salt swami now tons, company malta is doing this in the us. we take electrical energy our either directly from renewable generation like winder solar or just from the grid. and we convert that into the thermal energy. turns out that molten salt is a great preserver of heat. it looks kind of like water and has roughly the same viscosity here, so it works when there's excess electricity generated. the energy is used to heat, a large insulated storage tank of molten salt and very high temperatures. i melting

point means the salt can absorb a lot of energy. it keeps for 6 plus hours. lithium batteries can only manage under for when the grid needs power. the plant re converts heat back into electricity through a turbine. while its material costs are relatively low and its system is pretty scalable, it's still behind hydro and lithium. the hope is that the market will eventually make a feasible. you can do something similar with the piles of sand. we mentioned earlier, a couple of fins decided to use some local pilots to solve one of finland's biggest energy issues heating, instead of converting the heat back to electricity, they just use it directly to storage, deposit is in the order of 1000 times g m. m. woodley june buffers, michael, ellen and co founded a company that makes sand batteries return the electricity to heat, ugly gum reg installed cheap lit up. we can bear with the large volumes of energy, how much sand undertones of sand. it can store heat at around $500.00 to $600.00 ri

celsius for months. this heat then goes directly to warm municipal buildings. moreover, it could provide heat to one of the biggest emitters of greenhouse gases, the heavy industry sector in comb countries. the solution makes a lot of sense. the company currently has one system that's heating con, con path. a southwestern town with a population of 13000. the 100 tons, sand battery can technically stay hot for months, but they recharged this one in 2 weeks cycles to keep it efficient. these are just a couple of solutions. there are dozens of technologies out there right now, each buying for their place in the market flow. redox batteries, for instance, or another big contender for grid scale storage. they don't function all that differently from lithium ion batteries. and the latter electrons travel between 2 electrodes through a liquid called and electrolyte, creating a current in a flow battery. this liquid electrolyte is stored externally. the larger the tank, the more storage capacity, which means the flow battery can be scaled really easily. and what need scale,

you guessed it, the grid, chemical technologies, gravity based technology, mechanical technologies, you know, flow, batteries, all that stuff. this is a huge need that we're trying to solve. and i think we're going to need all the truth is we're not going to quit the lithium ion any time soon. the huge demand for electric cars means that some of the technology is and efficiencies and develop and there will spill over to the grid. but the fossil fuel industry is don't enter the economy, it's a huge challenge to adapt and tire systems, including infrastructure and policy to renewable alternatives. cost is the biggest limiting factor for new technologies. the market decides how far they've come, and how far they'll go. to africa now and the laboratory and synagogue very such as a looking at the potential to recycle natural waste. not just a generate energy, but distorted to the aims to produce scalable batteries,

from nothing less than a local st. full staple a wrong these button. so batteries may not look very special until you know the raw material used to make them at this lab and duck ours shake until d up university interior door. peanut shells thoughtful mos on the sea view, transforming this type of biomass into advanced materials is a new field of research says 2nd, well russia, the scientific community has been working on a for 2 or 3 years to fix on the ultimate and we were the 1st to initiate this kind of work here in africa, always he unlawfully boss. alma peanut shells are plentiful and synagogue peanuts are one of the countries for most important exports. more than 60 percent of the rural population grows the popular and energy rich lega. but this year,

a low harvest of around $1600000.00 tons is expected due to poor rainfall. until now, the shells have simply been thrown away or burned pure waste and says, professor, in gum, he regularly buys his raw materials at the t lane, central market in decor, letting him and explains to the traitor that he makes batteries from michelle's getting them bring it out of i somebody said you book or i'd never heard of that on me again. it seems every day you wake up and there's more technology or more developments. but i'm happy to see it happening on both on the low market and that the peanut shells. help lou, while i want to live local and getting music for more than 2 years by the d up and gum has been researching the conversion of bio mass into energy with a group of 15 students. so, oh, well, it's a complicated electrochemical process. but 1st, the shelves are ground into powder and mixed with water. yolanda st. oh,

good at all the whole thing. so for a period of time like this, i said, no, i won't tell you how long of it because that's one of the crucial parameters. while optical those up and then we filter the mixture and the result is this liquid whose the other poles at the lumbering. once we add some more ingredients, we can use it to create the positive charge of the battery was achieved a lot of disclosed. the researchers take advantage of the high carbon content of the shells and extract zinc oxide from them on international global when the liquid is radiated with sunlight at high temperatures, the zinc oxide evaporates and is converted into metallic zinc, which in turn can store energy these are environmentally friendly batteries that have the same potential as conventional lithium ion batteries for example. but without the disadvantages. that's because lithium ion battery is contained among other things, cobalt which is often mind by children in dangerous minds and the congo. in

addition, reserves of lithium and cobalt are limited, so the plus points are that the peanut battery is produced without cobalt, easier to dispose of cheaper to produce. introducing these environmentally friendly batteries would be of great help to synagogue. since 40 percent of rural households have no connection to the state power grid, they rely on batteries or alternative energy sources like solar or simply don't have access to any form of energy. there is a huge gap in energy supplied according to this environmental analyst, hulu. basic up, asking for you for children love. what is i think we have to move toward the development of energy sources like bio mass, mass in a z, y m s. energy can be an answer today because a girl is a major producer of peanuts with a huge supply of peanut shells. that go on for areas

like has a mass which has a significant amount of bio mass. and the development of this energy source will allow us to close a large part of the existing gap. don't permit that as of a gun party and dig up. we'll see that in preliminary trials, the researchers were able to power remote controls or cell phones with their bio batteries. but their product isn't market ready yet. lives are. we now need to further optimize all the processes in the lab to get all the parameters fully under control so that the system working properly. and then it will be ready for market, for me, dollar machine. the research team and decker is now sure their batteries work. however, further research and money is needed before they can upscale production and so that people in synagogue can actually use peanut power batteries. just even

innovation photos, sustainable future and not without their share of compounding consequences as we've seen today. but accounting to solutions to these problems right from the start is bound to make a difference for the better. i leave you with that part and see you again next week . goodbye. and thanks for watching. ah, with ah, ah, with

too little odessa on, the spanish olga and her colleagues found a new home in the city of cut in when the war broke

out the ukrainians were here on a business trip. now village life is enriched by the young families who want to stay with them to the conflict zone with sebastian, how worry, go russia 5 about the progress of the war. a small band of investigative journalist managed to pierce the veil of secrecy among them. i'm very sorry to bother found a guarantor of website. we've tracked rushes, who can do services. it's really difficult for psychological eval. i'm flick zone. well because it was not on the bottom but nothing t minutes long d w a departure b to d. today. this means flying to

a foreign planet. in the 16th century, it meant being a captain and setting sale to discover a route the world famous c. voyage of ferdinand magellan. part of a race for power between spain and portugal. a race to military interests. races linked to political and military facilities, but also linked to main financial resources and adventure full of hardships, dangers and death. 3 years that would change the world forever. but jillions journey around the world. starting september 7th on d. w. ah

ah ah ah, this is dw is coming to live from berlin. ukraine is hosting the leaders of turkey and the un who are there to discuss ways to end the war. this says officials in hockey, the countries 2nd largest city report fresh russian strikes on civilian areas. also coming out of.