mediterranean, ah, it's waters connects people of many cultures seen of illustrator and so far do korean drift along with exploring modern lifestyles and mediterranean where has history left its traces reading people, hearing their dreams ready to meet this week on d. w. ah . hello and welcome to focus on europe. it is good to have you with us today. the warn ukraine has been going on for about half a year now,

and the russian attacks are not letting up. artillery continues to rain down in eastern and southern ukraine with russia's president putin maintaining his goal of taking the don bass region. ukraine, meanwhile, is publicly documenting what it says are war crimes against citizens. all while ramping up it's counter offensive. ukrainian soldiers by the hundreds of thousands are fighting fiercely against the russian invaders, and their resilience has surprised many. but with rushes military might. they have lost significant ground. ever since heavy weapons began arriving from western allies, though the ukrainian army has counter attacked, including in the south with their initial gains in the occupied care. some region have shown is that this war will be a long and bitter one. ukrainian forces have dug in deep here in the steps of southern ukraine between mc alive and his son. and they have russian

forces in their sites since the ukrainian government launched its counter offensive . the viking, as he calls himself and his comrades have ramped up the pressure on the russian positions. one of them were visiting officer in terms of numbers. our artillery can't measure up to the russians, but we topped them in accuracy and speed would resume, but they use entire artillery batteries and spray the area like their grandfather's did and the 2nd world war we moved 2 or 3 pieces into position from shoot in a targeted way and then pull back and position their objective is to take back yes. on a city currently under russian occupation. anastasio. maurice of our fled from the here on area just recently. now. she's in odessa aid organizations have collected, donated clothing for the refugees. there are some 150000 of them in the port city.

anastasio held out under the occupation for months till the ever present fear became too much for her mommy, obedient along with russian military hallway and the city with zach markings, we suddenly began seeing equipment with a v symbol on the anti. that's when we realized that troops were being re deployed here from other places and things like that. there would be a huge baton for doesn't yeah. emily ample, and we didn't want to go through that check in with the other thing if you but the fighting isn't the only thing that prompted her to flee her hometown nova cow. healthcare has become a virtual ghost town. she hardly ever ventured out doors singing come with when you see russian troops, you look down. oh, gun. yeah. if you make eye contact, they say that you're looking like you know something. and then they might take you, william from whenever they took people away from their relatives with such for them desperately. some came back, the others didn't,

with atlantic popping im gifted every day, more refugees arrive in odessa from the occupied areas. the journey is a dangerous one. but not only because of the fighting, the russian check point to let very few vehicles through it. even so volunteers haven't given up trying to get people out. we met with one of them, but we can't show her face. there are far more troops than before. it feels like there's a checkpoint under every tree and there are more snipers in the buildings. we used to be able to move freely around, hasten, nobody paid attention to us. but now we wouldn't dare to go to the city center. but as it happened, anastasio fled just in time. shortly afterwards, her apartment was hit. neighbors sent her photos of it. for now she and her

children are trying to settle back into a semblance of normalcy. but even a door slamming can bring back memories or tanks or shooting. there are no tanks here. no, no, there were tanks back home. yeah, there aren't any here when i go back. it's quiet at the front lunchtime in the trenches. in recent weeks, the ukrainians have been targeting the russian supply lines. they've been able to destroy several russian ammunition. depos luna, visible rows of him. shirley effect is that for a time after the attack, the bombardment comes down here. but then the russians adapt their logistics. you over to so they learn the lessons, are western rocket launchers and artillery,

teach them political. what can we put unfortunately, one of that means there's no permanent turn in the tide of the war to our favor. so it just evolves in your head. so from ukraine has succeeded in re taking a few villages, but the offensive is slow going. the viking and his comrades have no idea how much longer they'll have to remain here by the total or will it going to carry out a fast, aggressive, an active counter offensive. we'd need many more weapons from our partners, especially artillery, from without artillery. we foot soldiers can't do all that much when it's problems . getting annoyed, all they can do is wait and remain on god. the next attack is only a question of time. when august melnik is one of more than 6000000 people from ukraine who have fled. that their homeland and who been registered as refugees in a number of european countries august journey took her to the region of galicia in

the very northwest part of spain. the coast there on the atlantic is rugged and the weather is sometimes rough, but auger feels at home there, and that has a lot to do with the see the locals, and one very welcoming little town. odessa feels a bit like home. the atlantic reminds olga stress, neck of her home region, along the black sea. she and her family and about a 100. others fled here to northern spain to escape the war in ukraine to my family . so for me, it's more easy because it's a beautiful place. and to beautiful people and very kind people in carina, the town is called carino, which means love or affection and spanish. and that's just what olga and her fellow refugees experience here at the traditional sardine festival. they're already part of the community after just a few months. it's not a huge place, but at it's a chance to see everybody to say hello and boss. how are you?

the people of carino and galicia made it easy for them to settle down and start new lives. i think we accept every one here. you're going to hear. terinio is a welcoming town and of course the ukrainians are welcome and respected here in pulse you got abo, javier colorado. montego from cardi toss, has been helping, however, he can for months and he knows all the newcomers. but we haven't spoken him a quarter. see, i mean, we could get to know each other a bit better if they spoke our language better idea, but that's just a question of time is uncle much and the kids are great. they really absorb everything and learn the language. superfast michael, more robison, carino has less than $4000.00 residents. many of them are elderly and the towns population had been shrinking. it's from wendy fumed and

holding the young people arriving ira rejuvenation for us to get some idea that a body we are getting more people of working age people that oh and that rejuvenates the town when if it, when i'm on a demo it was thrown was done, i mean, august rel nick and her colleagues feel, they have a bright professional future here in ukraine. they worked for a platform selling spare car parts. they were in carino on business when the war broke out, they wanted to expand their operations to spain and really said, there are a lot of advantages because there are people very kind to other people who would like to start business here. saw it, sir. it's not this been like mod to ethan tell the seat and other huge cities we can just came for an a want here and to take money from the market and go away. we would like to build very huge business here. today they're visiting their new

office spaces for the 1st time. it's a welcome distraction from the war back at home and their fear for their loved ones . their ukrainian colleague, magdalena spa can relate. she's been living and carina for many years, and she's put dozens of people in touch with locals. yeah, i move around the difference here. there's a big difference between refugees and migrants. for gaming, grant migrants leave their country because they want to own, they want to also brought fuel. they plan things and decide where to live, get, get in such a splendid weekend, dancing on the get it, he be refugees, don't have that luxury crystal or if we had those, they just had off without anything. a felon fernando focus drill. nick returned to ukraine after the war broke out. she had to fetch her children. 16 year old gorday and 9 year old agata at the border to romania to bring them to safety. was that admittance feelings? because i see a lot of people who lie. but i'm so afraid my children are yes.

when her ex husband stayed behind and her mother is still in odessa to. they talked to each other several times a day long and nobody in say, okay, a normal. you can say that i'm said, i'm missed. i called or oh no, i'm glad that and you to see you people and so to sundays. so. oh, more seeing snow is not formal because youngest tendon is this dakin wow. after escaping the war, the newcomers want to get back to work. their digital business is helping create jobs in the spanish town. plus the cafe they fixed up has now become a meeting point for young and old. i think we only have no chance

to survive. resolve is help us. we just come visit. i don't one luggage and, and it's home that busy that i could be duncan did hallman, and we need young people who want to kick start the local economy, come in regarding and fill up the schools with them being a godaddy on the google for like a person, everyone has given it their best and that honest the name of our town to get a new number of some young ukrainians want to remain in carino after the war. others would like to return home at some point. even so, spain's little odessa will have a place in their hearts. what will become of the country that these young, northern irish livin, these guys here are protestants, and they believe that northern ireland belongs to great britain. many of their classmates though, are catholic irish and they would prefer a re unification of northern ireland with the republic of ireland. it's

a decades old conflict fought bitterly by the older generation. yet in the border town of cross mclinn pensions are now rising again. and it's young people who are feeling the impact. oh, well mart. the songs are well rehearsed, the hamiltons bone silver band is ready to go on the march. ah 18 year old lucy being am grew up here in a protestant family. all the band members are protestants and by tradition they see themselves is british. but in this particular area, there in the minority the towns, people all around are mostly catholic and irish nationalists. and ever since breakfast that tensions happen rising again. you know, there's a very much division in the community. you know,

we're surrounded here by there is national areas. honest. like you wouldn't go to them places because of the past because of the shabbos people around here are very angry. we're just heading back to that place that dark place and obviously we, we don't want to go back at times. protestants here have felt discriminated against at one point. her own family was a target to buy a re assassins. lucy says, now she feels as if they have to put that guard up all over again. she certain she wants to stay in the united kingdom, but we have got out of brack that it's yes, it's very much hand for a united ireland, which is against what every union a swanson. we don't want that. lucy's home in northern ireland place just a few kilometers from the border to the republic of ireland. but she hardly ever goes there. cross mc land as a catholic town, a form, a strong hold of the i r a right next to the big former army base is the youth

center. the catholic youth here to find their identities very differently. they cross the border routinely. they all have relatives in the republic of ireland. myra on this, i wouldn't let me count myself as british because we are so connected to orland and we live in northern and we're still ireland. so i russia, i feel like, even though northern ireland is part of the united kingdom, i just faded because it's just our own island. you josephine irish. all at once unification with e. u. member republic of ireland is on the table. according to surveys, the irish nationalists shouldn't feign once the political arm of the i re, emerged from the northern ireland assembly election and may as the strongest party list cummins as the deputy to the assembly, colbert and bragg that has shown people that there are huge benefits at looking at

an all island economy and an online and approach and, and that's something that's grown without any was pushing. and it's, it's common naturally, uncertainly. we will be doing all we can to facilitate that. but the violence of the past still haunts the present day. memorials to fighters killed on both sides are well maintained lives, kim ins. shin fain insists that it's changed. it has long been committed to achieving its goal of a united ireland using only peaceful means. every one of us want to live in a society that is peaceful and that is prosperous and not something that we all have have common ground on. and for those people that do fear that the prospect of constitutional change, i will be there. and then there's not that the fear be part of the discussion that has high we're going to ship with that as high. we address those fears, but it's going to take some very tactful and persuasive diplomacy and lots of patients to bring loyalists protestants like lucy on board. or i hope and my future

in my life that i never say i united ireland. i hope that i, i live to the day we're still was norland very much that part of c u. k. the most difficult. the hamiltons bowden silva, band members think like lucy. but many also sense that the winds are changing. maybe not today, maybe not tomorrow, but some day soon and in london. meanwhile, the shock is great. that for the very 1st time, the political tides in northern ireland appear to have turned with the party that's not in favor of the country remaining in great britain winning. the majority of votes to the national assembly in belfast, the time of the glaciers appears to be running out the ice and europe's alps is melting faster and faster. and climate change and global warming are causing glaciers to collapse. and in some cases, dramatically. like here in july on the mom, a lot of in northern italy,

we're 11 people were killed. experts like florian hoss fear that large parts of the alps could be completely ice free. and in just a few decades undergoing drastic changes like those seen at the go pot foreigner, austria's 2nd largest glacier. ah, the helicopter's landing spot used to be a glacier a 100 years ago, were accompanying a team of geographers to the gape hatch found the glacier in the austrian alps. would be put on a dozen in a very hot year. the gay patch fanta can recede by more than 100 meters, we have on the artisans. this is the fastest melting glacier in the alps. julian hoss and his team come here every year. the data they've collected documents, the pace of climate change. here on the glacier, the impact of global warming is clear to see and hear

the. this is smooth muscle, this is meld water from the glacier. here we are in the area where there is no longer a layer of winter snow on top on is was, it's you. so the melting here is due to the warm temperatures and the sunlight of these past few days. in combination with this dark dirt for the moment, isn't duncan's muslim offerings with awful? if you some graduates which moves wherever you look, there's water dripping, flowing and burbling. this is what the death of a glacier looks like. the gape hatch, fanta is receding by more than a 100 meters each year. global glacier melting is causing sea levels to rise and destabilizing the climate even more. for their research, the geographers collecting photos, taken by local residence, dating back to the 19th century. they show how climate change has been devouring this landscape like the photos offline. so i often show the photos to my son. he's

8 and my daughter's 6 hold. i doubt they'll be able to see many glacier that show same clem was this and for sawdust machine shocking how fast it's going. but you could wind. in the 1990s, the glaciers were receding right ago, but it was more or less stable because more it's now it's drastic out of control. yes, yes, rosters. why 2050? there will be no ice left here. even if we do everything possible to protect the climate, the glacier will keep melting for another 30 years. well, one city in italy could also be hit hard by climate change and rising sea levels. that's the lagoon city of venice. it is criss crossed by many picturesque canals which are once again bustling with activity. but if you look closely, you'll notice that the gondolas and water taxes are captained by men, and so are the boats captain, by private citizens. that might soon change,

though thanks to this woman who's making waves. martina canino, she's doing everything she can to get more women to take the helm. this view is only to be had from a boat, but to experience it, you need to know how to pilot one read to the other part of the turn, the other direction. keep going. don't worry about the mother linda. valentina is taking boating lessons. this time she's practicing how to more it was about a genome with s boat as responsive because of its flat whole area have been and go there. now valentina to decide when to speed up or slow down coming up with them in how to maneuver down to the millimeter wall. the c name limit that he valentina recently returned to venice after 10 years abroad. she loves the city and its architecture. residents are permitted to apply the cities canals in small boats,

if medical, that's why valentina decided to take lessons if they have a motor made it all quite intimidating at 1st and voting is very male dominated, one to mask. the pandemic is waning and tourists are back in venice. it's narrow alleys and canals are teeming with visitors. anyone piloting a boat on canal grande's needs strong nerves until now. that's mostly been men. that's why marta canino founded an organization to help bring women on board. the idea came to her in 2020, at the height of the pandemic. the city was almost empty. emptier than even the oldest residence had ever seen before. ah, marta and her young son were stuck at home. people could only go out for essentials

. the bustling city had come to a near standstill and water bus services were limited. marta was lucky. she has her own boat, which she learned how to pilot as a young girl. during the pandemic, she took her son out on the water. she started a facebook group to help other women enjoy that same freedom. and what about the liberal visa? okay, realised that women and mothers with baby carriages were left behind quite often. genie when weren't able to board them up at, at, oh, it is, there weren't that many water buses in operation when the lady that i immediately realized, why so many women to ken calling us right after we set up the website journals this, since we are mammal public on the coals keep coming back with the pads you know. on inside the lily from adam marta's idea soon became an amateur sport association

based at venice warf via monitor italian for girls at full throttle. few took them seriously at 1st. but marta and her partner louisa, were undeterred, teaching women the theory and practice of voting on the temple there, funded by donations, coaching and membership fees. marta and louisa make sure that any woman who calls gets quick help in pizza, lima culligan said, can modify that. so the 1st thing we do is say yes and straight away because i'm even simpler. it's the same when a woman wants a haircut. jessica bueller's it might sound silly, but it needs to happen soon. equity. jordan ok one moment and i can wait for 2 weeks my, it's a desire for change the system and it needs to be addressed quickly. i'm you mean together? am i called this will be marta hopes. her lessons will also help keep local residents in the city rather than move away. piloting a boat on the canals is one of their last remaining privileges. it offers a sense of freedom and independence in a city that marta says has become

a wasteland. for a long time residence the throngs of tourists and the shops and businesses that cater to them have little value. to day, cecelia is heading out on to the canal grande's for the 1st time. it's the city's most scenic, but also busiest waterway, tourists, boats, water buses, and water taxis, her back, and soon more women will be joining them. let me sit on faggot with that. i hope this project keeps growing, evolve both should connect all places and worlds in the city as they did in the past. log with one of them, i'm paranoid. look up ahead, gondolas, tax season, pepper, etc. the reality bridge. 100000 eyes are on you. it's going brilliantly, not on marta and her students won't give up this new found freedom on the water any time soon sometimes you just have to go full

throttle to get what you want. that's it from focus on your for this week. thank you for watching and if you've missed anything or want to share the show online, you can find this broadcast on d, w dot com on behalf of the whole team. stay safe and bye for now. ah ah ah ah,

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