country's education is still a privilege. tardy is one of the main causes. some young children walk in mind troughs. instead of going to class others can attend classes only after they finish working with millions of children, all over the world can't go to school. we ask why, because education makes the world more just a make up your own mind. d. w, made for mines 6 months ago to day russia began invading you crate. despite all of the intelligence, the warnings of an imminent attack. when this war started, most of the world was shocked. the shock factor wore off quickly have a year into this conflict. russia still out guns, ukraine, but weapons from the west are changing that equation. this war here in the heart of

europe, it is far from over. sadly, the best way to shock the world now would be a prediction of peace. i break off in berlin. this is the day. ah, excellent independence days because of aberration, always parade. i think it's probably the most importantly, i wanna say that we'll see, you know about today's cancel or activities and you are fighting to pull just suffer any t with thousands of civilians have been killed in the interest including hundreds of children. i've never dodgy for a moment that ukraine is going to win this struggle a lot

on august 24th, we say happy independence that ukraine also coming up the hard lessons in this war for russia. why out gunning? the ukrainians simply hasn't been enough. essentially, they underestimated the enemy, they have always stretched, they of forces, exposing time to adversary's strikes. and of course, they didn't expect that amount of help from the nato alliance. ah, and to our viewers watching p b as in the united states into all of you around the world. welcome. we begin the day with the russian invasion of ukraine, 6 months into a war that we may end up measuring in years on february 24th. when russian forces 1st crossed over into ukraine, expectations of a short conflict seemed to be the overwhelming majority. those in the minority,

they were spot off. in fact, the russian military spent the 1st months of this war, apparently getting its act together. regrouping and refocusing at the same time, ukraine has lobbied western gantries to send more and more weapons, most coming from the u. s. followed by the u. k. and europe. efforts at a diplomatic resolution have gone nowhere with ukraine now equipped better than ever. and with russia refusing to relent, the next 6 months looked set to be filled with fighting months that could quickly turn into years as ukrainians learned to live with this wars dreadful dichotomy, air strikes and air sirens, alongside cafes and playgrounds, we have this report. russian tanks aligned up in the ukranian capital the message, this is the only way russian military equipment will appear in keith burnt and

destroyed. it was unusually quiet as ukrainians marked their independence day in the capitol. occasionally emptied warnings disrupted the silence. ah. but the mood in the city is defined. we had decided i should crane. let us, i'm very proud of our country easily could i? you know, i'm glad that we came back from europe where we had fled to, to celebrate here. now on this day with our fellow citizens, some of the day i believe victory will come dates if it's a special day for me today. if you don't answer, i feel nothing. no fear. i traveled almost a 100 kilometers here from near keith. nothing scares me. do you just have to do it even, and it's a holiday after all, it was felt or feeling them. i am present. while it amused lensky released

a prerecorded message, where he vowed to fight until the end was in here with him. and that are selling typically what for us as the end of the war? will you cite piece? now we say victory, then we won't look for a mutual understanding was a terrorist yet got even though we understand the russian language, if you came to defend, let go, why? killing thousands of people you came to liberate elizabeth or any shamela. we finally became united zera's customer and you nation emerge on february 24th at bouy. i mean, not gone from me, but reborn more a nation that did not cry scream or get scared me. when that did not run away, he did not give up and did not forget. the president and 1st lady also visited a memorial to the soldiers killed in the conflict. meanwhile ukrainian troops in the east are locked in a riding war of attrition with the russian army. i'm join l by

maria of diva. she is a security analyst based in her keith in the northeast of ukraine when russian troops attacked her home town early in this war. she started collecting evidence of possible war crimes and she committed herself to fighting russian dis information. maria, it's good to have you. with us tonight, you posted a video on earlier today from the center of steve on this ukrainian independence day and it got our attention. let's take a look at it before the raise and put in was saying that the russian, thanks will be on the streets of here in just several days. well, here is the main street in key, appreciate it. and here are russian, thanks. term, a bar graph on other has it. russian military equipment, burns and destroyed by ukraine and armed forces. and thousands of people in kia are now here, may, can celsius in front of the destroy russian military vehicles. maria,

it is clear that you seek that ukraine has won the battle and wondering how can you be sure that russia will not win this war? the battle is not all were unfortunately for ukraine. and we have to be prepared and be prepared for a long war. the people i have been speaking today with the english. i think the heart of keep in mind on square. all of them say that ukraine's goal is to get full territorial control of the temporal occupied territories. and that means that that war is not over for us and they just continue. but what has changed and what does this mean this? so to say, installation or exit bishop of destroyed russian military vehicles in key. what it means for us, your grand, yes,

it is the demonstration that they put in the goal he has put while he began this invasion on the 24th of february would not achieved. he did not achieve anything of the primarily was and on the other hand, it shows us that ukraine and troops were able to resist and fight effectively. because many people included in the rest were doubt in that you brain. an army will be able to do so really let me speak to you, you as a ukrainian citizen. when you look back at the past 6 months of this more, how has your life been changed? my personal life has changed completely before the war. i was an analyst, an expert, mainly working from home and right in research papers desk work as if you would imagine an ordinary expert will do. and from time to time, you know,

doing trainings and going into conferences and this war, turn me into some kind of walk correspondence. because now i have where the hell met the armor and go to the front lines to show the will, the what is happening in ukraine and what russia is doing at my country. it, let me pick up on that. i know you made many videos over the past 6 months, feel me the aftermath of russian attacks filming ukrainian troops. has there been a particular setting or, or situation that has stayed with you the, the one thing happened just recently. it was a in harkey region near my home city. there is a small town of to waive and rochester all the cultural center there. with the as 300 truck gets me styles and people of shelter in

the basement of the cultural center. and 3 people who caught inside and we didn't know if they're alive or not. and the rescue continued throughout the night. and one of the rescuers was held by the actually the cost of the woman which was there under the rubble. and then there was the scene when the rescuers found the crash or the and they said he seen the husband and i talked to him and he said that they the couple had 2 children and he didn't know how to tell them what has happened to them. out there. yeah it's, it's almost impossible to imagine what that must be like. are you worried as the months turn into a year maybe longer have an air raid sirens going off at the same time? you have people still taking their children to school going to cafes. are you

worried that this, this dangerous dichotomy of normal sea and war time life will get settled in 4 ukrainian, such as yourself? this is a question. i'm asking the people in the forefront in that branches and what they say me the soul just they say we are fighting here for, for other people in your grain to have their normal lives. the most important scene for you. great, nance and elsewhere in the world is that please do not forget that this is a war going on and this is the sovereign state been attacked by the enemy. and while you do not forget about that and continue support in and providing that funds and all the help that is, that the grain gets you grain will be able to fight or the end to resist this aggression. maria of diva,

we appreciate you taking the time to share your insights and your personal stories on this very important day for you crate. thank you. thank you. thank you. and our coverage of half a year of the war in ukraine continues. now with justin crock. he's an intelligence and security expert, he's also ceo of the intelligence consultancy sibley mister crop. it's good to see you again. as the news brooks of russian troops heading over the ukrainian borders 6 months ago. exactly 6 months ago the day. just how much of a chance were people giving the ukrainian military it you talk about the news breaking and i think at the time when they're biting image i have with my team watching have night, is that she to the building picture on, on social media and other sources which was like google traffic that was showing the traffic jams in the borders rushing sheets me up and thinking it was sent on

reality that arose around the situation. it would wait long felt like that russia would attack. and i think that consensus being that, that they wouldn't and so i think at the time a lot of people were very christ over say by the news. i think the consensus of criminal watches was that this was a mentors blocked by the military to think otherwise. u k. u s. nato did think otherwise, but even in ukraine, people just couldn't believe the way this was coming about. so ready for the 1st few days is that real sense of jock? and i think that delayed reaction by ukraine, which, which worked in 2 ways. i think 1st of all, the russian troops themselves, of course, were surprised some of the same. and he didn't even realize they were still on the exercise. they've been on board beforehand. and then do you, cranium themselves, had time to re gather the russians, run into a lot of schools very quickly as we now know, and i'm not, was those moments i think that saved ukraine?

i think said to say, looking back, the russians came very close to achieving their objective. they did reach outskirts of care from both west and east, and the move from the east was a very long way. but then they were out of state and they were embarked on the wrong mission with the wrong mindset. and ukraine had time to ready, but it was a close one thing, i think of the start and the frantic days about the camp. so it was one more by griffin determination than anything else. i think just a reminder of those times and how much just change, even though we face these devastating seats now was it was the grid determination. was that the determining factor for the ukranian forces in those early days or was it the high tech anti tank weapons that were provided by the west is a base of everything like like everything in context and let you know, i have discussed before in the program it's, there's no one factor and more. we talk about the physical component. so what you have to use the conceptual component, do you understand how to use it? and the moral component,

you understand why you're using it. and i think especially in the early days, but even up to now ukrainian determination has been the really, really important factor in that. so the moral component, ukraine, which is lacking quite low, the russian side. they have had some physical help. you mentioned the einstein weapons that were present at the complex and reasonable numbers. and of course, on top of that there's been years of training and the ukranian military, the struggles so hard. 2014 pre built itself very effectively. by this point, as we've seen and had a solid back of training of contextual understanding to be able to pull together all those elements. and when in those friends week the success did achieve in the north in which the rest of this campaign has now changed. and then of course, we're now in this stalemate situation broadly that again ukrainian determination on every level, including a determination to see support from the west bank. and even seems like the presentation these vehicles in care of. it's

a real moral factor for the population that they've just never let you say we're in to still meet situation. now, in russia it seems to be bogged down on land. it doesn't have air superiority, certainly doesn't have the supremacy. and it doesn't control the ukrainian coast. i'm wondering, has russia gotten as far as it can get in this war? broadly, let's say that that's true. i mean there's always room for surprises, but changes rush of course has to things up. it's safe. so full mobilization to but war robin, the special miniature operation and of course, nuclear weapons. now, at the moment it doesn't seem like use either those yet, but they have those things in reserve. so those, those factors can change the course, the conflict as we sit. but at the moment it does seem to be pretty evenly matched along the front lines. i think the cos ukrainian counter offensive run into the same problems, i think maybe the ukrainians who get as far as the neighboring hudson. but i think

they'll be very hard pushed gay more so beyond the situation when neither site likes the current situation, russia hasn't achieved everything. it would it, as a minimum wants to do to see if a piece and ukraine of course wants to 20 percent of its talked about. but at the moment, it seems unlikely to either so i will achieve their objectives that suggest this will be protracted and suggested without negotiations in some form of new reality being accepted, which will take time that we're not going to see a lot more progress. but of course, there are many variables and a, we know that both military's the russian and the ukrainians, you know, they've suffered casualties. we don't have any verifiable, reliable numbers. is it possible though, to say whether either side are losing operational capability because of the men and women they've lost? i think it's been worse the russians. i mean, as you say, casualty figures are leave the place. what figures i've seen being broadly accepted

at a 9000 debt on the ukranian when we saw it 25000 on the russian side. and you can probably triple those numbers in terms of seriously wounded another losses. so they sides have taken a lot of casualties, frankly, when you look at that, the russians have take more that's commensurate with the fact that the russians are attacking which is always harder. you're more vulnerable attacking than you are defending. and we talk about an attack versus defense, the ratio 3 to one to achieve superiority. so it's only in line with a relatively even fight in the course. those numbers would shift if ukraine were attacking russia to try and drive them out. broadly speaking, but rush right, think having more problems making up quality replacements and it took a high rate of losses early on. they lost a lot of i'm very good equipment from there also early on. and they are having to, i think, struggle more to bring up numbers. ukraine, of course, training thousands of so just a moment in the u. k. and elsewhere in europe and the u. s. of course,

and i think developing good replacement. so those sites have more to bring to the fight. i think the russians have probably had the worst of it though about it. we heard it just in the last week. ukrainian president zalinski. he's been doubling down on the idea that this war actually began in 2014 with the legal annexation of crimea. he says, the war and when that annexation is over, what would have to change before the ukrainian military could, you know, keep, keep the word of its president and force the russian occupiers out completely. i think that really is a stretch though, for ukraine at this point to require more or less deeply collapse of russian capability. i think that's the only way we see that happening. i think even if you kramer able still a lot more combat power, it would still probably not be enough to to, to that fall. so i think it would be a moral collapse of the, the russian miniature,

the russian state would enable that. which course brings his own dangers, i think, for the world and politically as to what would happen if russia were which a meltdown doesn't seem like at the moment. and of course, cuz i'm trying every pretty much regards as russian territory and that i'm afraid that nuclear from called it is again for the ryan because one of the contexts in which they can deploy those weapons for territorial defense of their own territory . and i think crime, they would probably be married, they'd be keen to do that. and so i think ukrainian military knows that's quite a stretch that love to do it. but they know that realistically, it's quite a hot ask. but politically, overseas, somebody lensky wants to push once to hold out. and of course, it goes in negotiations as this conflict might, as it did in 2015. then that's something that ukraine can make a concession. so i think it's quite understandable then you would definitely be holding that out. i think it's, it's a reasonable aspiration p. ukraine to have or no, i certainly would. if i were you credit, i think military, it's a very,

very big task and the balance will be very hard to strike just in crum giving us excellent military analysis, 6 months into this war. mr. group is always we appreciate your time. thank you again. the we're now to those unprecedented economic sanctions that were slapped against russia. have they worked? joining me now is anastasia upsetting. she's an assistant professor of finance at the hospice school of business at the university of california berkeley. she's also a founding member of the pressure group economists for you cray and study. it's good to have you back on the day here we are. we've talked several times in the past 6 months now we're 6 months into some of the toughest sanctions ever imposed on the government. is russia feeling the full force of the sanctions? i mean, is it really being beginning to crater as president biden said back in march?

yes, so i think with sanctions and we basically get out what we put in on. so if we were really going for sharp quick effect and with an immediate, i immediately felt effect on russia's ability to finance the war to wage the war. and then the way to achieve that would have been with very quick, sharp actions are apart. for example, complete immediate and shut off a russian energy in europe. instead, what we went with in the coalition of countries that are opposing russian aggression in ukraine, ism slower and more deliberative approach. and there's a lot of discussion, a lot of thinking than things get implemented. i'm and the effects of that approach are likewise longer term. and so if the question is our sanctions harming the russian economy? the answer is yes, they are. and in the long term, they will be felt and they are felt now and, and in a sense, there's been a structural change in terms of the trade relationship and russia has with other

countries, especially in europe, that will be very unlikely to reverse and malicious in the long term, you know, no one, no one promised in a mega change over night when the sanctions were imposed. but it is slow going. do we need more patients here? i mean, i know i've asked you that before, but we are half a year into this. and i heard analyst today saying if you walk around moscow or st . petersburg, you know, you really have to, you struggle to see someone who is struggling because of these sections. yeah, i think we need patients. we also need continued action on. so they're still levers that are being deliberate and that have been deliberate. i think last time we spoke, we talked about the price cap as, as well as i'm kind of restrictions and shipping restrictions on insurance. and so those letters are leverage that we in kind of the economics community i've been discussing sanctions have proposed a while ago and they're still being deliberated and well,

most likely eventually be implemented and it's a built up. so these will be, this will amplify the effect of the existing sanctions in place. yeah. and what about the economy is struggling with the high price of gas and we can't countries, and i'm thinking of germany, for example, what can they just pay less cap the price of russian gas? i said it's of course not as straightforward as a single country counting it. we do need some kind of for more coalition based action. but the is the short answer is yes, there is a lot of bargaining power that especially the u. block has, with respect to russia, perhaps slowly degrading the longer we take to implement some of those matters, but still strong. nonetheless, i'm city, you was the primary importer of russian energy but also has a lot of leverage in terms of shipping in terms of insurance on those shipments going elsewhere. so we couple a proposed price cap with restrictions on shipping and insurance of rush will to other places that are not implementing the price. can i think that can be about one

minute left. you are ukranian, you're in the united states, or americans in your opinion, still convinced of the need to pay the price to stand by ukraine? i think yes, absolutely. i haven't seen any of the reduction in that willingness and perhaps would talk about it less frequently. but in some sense, it became kind of a default. i think the support remains bipartisan remains. i'm kind of uniform across the population. and in a pretty much anybody that i would need on the street. yes them whether it's bright for the u. s. to support a sovereign countries attempt to resist this aggression by russia. the answer would be absolutely yes. and as well as you further from the university of california berkeley. as always, we appreciate your time and your insights, i'm sure we'll be talking again soon. thank you. thank you. well, the day is almost done, the conversation continues online, you'll find it on twitter, me very

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can join me, right. just do it on d. w. on this day. it's been 6 months since russia started on the rest of the talk on the summer and name on you crate. we are here. we talk to people on the ground to politicians, we said light events and that consequences 6 months that have changed ukraine on the world. on all platforms brought to by g w. a vibrant to have a time ended listening place along the mediterranean sea. it's waters connect people of many cultures, siena almost rock and to far a dual career drift along exploring modern lifestyles and the mediterranean, where it has history left its traces,

leading people hearing their dreams ready to meet this week on d w. ah ah, this is dw news live from berlin, ukraine's independence day mark by war and alleged russian strike on the train station has reportedly killed more than a dozen people. the attack comes as great march, 31 years of freed up from moscow's control celebrations today.